1、be、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞和 “情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞 +實(shí)義be、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞和 “情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞 +實(shí)義ve ever seen.t my cousin. 彼特不是我的表弟。do構(gòu)成。句子種類一、陳述句1.陳述句的肯定形式陳述句的肯定形式包括謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為動(dòng)詞”等幾種情況。This is the most interesting film that I這是我看過(guò)的最有趣的電影。Light travels faster than sound. 光速比聲速快。Little Mary can dance very well. 小瑪麗跳舞非常好。2.陳述句的否定形式(1)句子的謂語(yǔ)為動(dòng)詞 be、have(有)或有助動(dòng)詞、

2、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其否定形式直接在這些詞后加 not。Peter isnI haven t any spare time to go shopping. 我沒(méi)有空閑時(shí)間去購(gòu)物。I have not heard the news about the football match. 我還沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到關(guān)于足球比賽的消息。She cant remember me. 她不記得我了。注意：have在表示“有”時(shí)，其否定式也可借助助動(dòng)詞I don t have any spare time to go shopping.我沒(méi)有空閑時(shí)間去購(gòu)物。(2)句子的謂語(yǔ)時(shí)單獨(dú)的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，否定形式應(yīng)在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞do/doe

3、s/did后再加 not。Wealth does not mean happiness. 財(cái)富并不意味著幸福。1 / 9 or 引出選擇項(xiàng)，or 引出選擇項(xiàng)，They didn t know my telephone number. 他們不知道我的電話號(hào)碼。(3)其他否定詞，如 not,never,seldom,hardly,none,nothing,nobody等也可構(gòu)成陳述句的否定式。Nobody here knows Tom. 這里沒(méi)有人認(rèn)識(shí)湯姆。I have never been to Singapore before. 我以前從未去過(guò)新加坡。She seldom writes hom

4、e. 她很少住在家里。二、疑問(wèn)句1.一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/+主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ)/謂語(yǔ)(+其他)? Were you in the classroom? 你剛才在教室嗎？Does he often play cards? 他經(jīng)常打牌嗎？Did you go to see your grandma last month? 你上個(gè)月去看望奶奶了嗎？-Need I tell her the news at once? 我需要立即把這個(gè)消息告訴她嗎？-Yes,you must./No,you needn 是的，必須t. /不，不必。2.特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)： “特殊

5、疑問(wèn)詞 (不作主語(yǔ) )+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +主語(yǔ)+表 語(yǔ) / 謂 語(yǔ) (+ 其 他 )?”或 謂 語(yǔ) (+ 其 他 )?”。 常 用 的 疑 問(wèn) 代 詞 有who,whom,whose,which,what;疑問(wèn)副詞有 when,where,why,how以及由“how+形容詞或副詞 ”構(gòu)成的副詞短語(yǔ)。What does Li Lei often get up in the morning? 李磊早上通常什么時(shí)候起床？What is your father? 你爸爸做什么工作？How long have you been married? 你結(jié)婚多久了？Who gave you that

6、 book? 誰(shuí)給你的那本書(shū)？3.選擇疑問(wèn)句(1)一般疑問(wèn)句以一般疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)為基礎(chǔ)，在一般疑問(wèn)句后加或在一般疑問(wèn)句后直接加 or not。2 / 9 +選擇項(xiàng)t they/he?t they?everything,anything,something,nothing等時(shí)，one,附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)在正式的場(chǎng)合用this 或 that+選擇項(xiàng)t they/he?t they?everything,anything,something,nothing等時(shí)，one,附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)在正式的場(chǎng)合用this 或 that 時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)用t it?one,在非正it;是 these或Are you Br

7、itish or French? 你是英國(guó)人還是法國(guó)人？Has she fed the car or not? 她喂過(guò)貓了沒(méi)有？(2)特殊選擇疑問(wèn)句以特殊疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)為基礎(chǔ)，形式為：特殊疑問(wèn)句+or+選擇項(xiàng)Which do you prefer,coffee or ice cream? 你更喜歡咖啡還是冰激凌？4.反意疑問(wèn)句反意疑問(wèn)句表示提問(wèn)者已經(jīng)有一定的想法，說(shuō)出來(lái)以得到對(duì)方的正是。它的前一部分是一個(gè)陳述句， 后一部分是一個(gè)附加的簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句， 中間用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。 反意疑問(wèn)句要遵循 “前肯后否，前否后肯”原則。附加問(wèn)句的動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)取決于前邊的陳述句，且主語(yǔ)只能用代詞。(1)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是指人的不

8、定代詞 no one,nobody,everybody,someone等時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)全部用 they,強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體用 he。Somebody took my umbrella away yesterday,didn昨天有人拿走了我的雨傘，不是嗎？Everyone is having a good time,aren每個(gè)人都玩得很高興，是嗎？(2)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)指物的不定代詞附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)用 it。Nothing could prevent him from going there,could it? 什么也阻止不了他去那里，對(duì)嗎？(3)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是不定代詞式場(chǎng)合用 you。One c

9、ant be too careful,can one/you?必須十分小心，是不是？(4)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是指示代詞those時(shí)用 they。That was a hundred years ago,wasn那時(shí) 100年前的事了，是不是？3 / 9 t they?I am.,附加問(wèn)句用 aren。t It I?布拉德不喜歡吃雞肉，是嗎？t he? t they?I am.,附加問(wèn)句用 aren。t It I?布拉德不喜歡吃雞肉，是嗎？t he? t you?t she?Those are yours,aren那些事你的，是不是？(5)陳述部分為 there be句式，附加問(wèn)句仍用 there。

10、There is no time left,is there? 沒(méi)有時(shí)間了，是不是？(6)反意疑問(wèn)句的陳述部分是Im late,aren我遲到了，對(duì)嗎？(7)當(dāng)陳述部分含有 seldom,hardly,no,never,rarely,few,little等否定詞時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句用肯定形式；如果陳述部分含有 un-,in-,im-,ir-,dis-,-less 等否定詞綴構(gòu)成的派生詞時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句用否定形式。He hardly speaks English,does he? 他幾乎不說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，是嗎？Brad dislikes chicken,doesn(8)當(dāng)陳述部分是肯定的祈使句時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句一般用 w

11、ill you 或 wont you;是否定的祈使句時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句可以用 will you或 can you。以 let 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，附加問(wèn)句要用 shall we;而以 Let us或 Let me開(kāi)頭的祈使句，附加問(wèn)句應(yīng)用 will you 。Dont do that again,will you/won別再那樣做了，好嗎？Lets go for a walk,shall we?我們?nèi)ド⒉?，好嗎?9)陳述部分是帶有賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句與主句一直；但陳述部分為 I don t think/suppose/believe.,附加問(wèn)句與從句一致且用肯定形式。Mary said(th

12、at) Tom had passed the exam,didn瑪麗說(shuō)湯姆通過(guò)了考試，是嗎？I don t think you have met each other before,have you? 我認(rèn)為你們以前沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)彼此，對(duì)嗎？4 / 9 牛津深圳版初三句子種類專題學(xué)案及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（無(wú)答案）注意：反意疑問(wèn)句一般用 yes或 no回答，并注意時(shí)態(tài)及人稱代詞的呼應(yīng)。在 “前否定后肯定 ”式反意疑問(wèn)句中， yes譯為“不”，no譯為“是”。但無(wú)論用 yes還是 no,其后的簡(jiǎn)略句用肯定式還是否定式要與 yes/no一致。-She cant speak English,can she?她不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)

13、，對(duì)嗎？-Yes,she can. 不，她會(huì)。-No,she can t.是的，她不會(huì)。三、感嘆句1.what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，what修飾的部分的中心詞是名詞， 常以以下句式呈現(xiàn)；What+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 (+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))! What+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 /不可數(shù)名詞 (+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))! What a funny story Mr Turner told us！特納先生給我們講的故事真有趣。2.how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句How 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中 ,how 修飾的部分的中心詞是形容詞或副詞，常以以下句式呈現(xiàn)：How+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 (+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))!

14、How+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！四、祈使句1.祈使句用來(lái)表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、建議等語(yǔ)氣，其主語(yǔ)一般是第二人稱代5 / 9 don或never。don或never。詞you,但往往省略。Go and wash your hands. 去洗洗你的手。Dont eat in class. 上課不要吃東西。2.有時(shí)為強(qiáng)調(diào)或指明向誰(shuí)提出要求或發(fā)出命令，祈使句的主語(yǔ)可以表示出來(lái)，這時(shí)主語(yǔ)要重讀。You go and tell him,Chris. 克里斯，你去告訴他。3.Let開(kāi)頭的祈使句Let every man do his best. 讓每個(gè)人都各盡其才。Lets have a try,shall we?(l

15、et包括對(duì)方) 讓我們?cè)囈幌?，好嗎?.祈使句的否定式在句首直接加Dont be late again,Mary!瑪麗，不要再遲到了！6 / 9 牛津深圳版初三句子種類專題學(xué)案及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（無(wú)答案）7 / 9 )1.-Jim, C.wont )2. B.What )3. B.How )4.-Tony, t want to be late.B.how )5.- B.How soon )6.- B.What big )7.There is little milk in the fridge, B.isn t there C.isn t it D.is it)8.-Sam didnt go to sc

16、hool yesterday,did he?.He was ill yesterday. B.No,he did )9.I don? B.is it read books while you are walking )1.-Jim, C.wont )2. B.What )3. B.How )4.-Tony, t want to be late.B.how )5.- B.How soon )6.- B.What big )7.There is little milk in the fridge, B.isn t there C.isn t it D.is it)8.-Sam didnt go t

17、o school yesterday,did he?.He was ill yesterday. B.No,he did )9.I don? B.is it read books while you are walking in the street.ItD.cangreat picture!Who painted it? C.How a lovely the squirrel is! C.What are you in such a hurry? C.when does your father play tennis after work? C.Where bowl of mutton so

18、up would you like? C.How much ? C.No,he didn t D.Yes,he didnt think the newly-directed film by Zhao Wei is as interesting as people C.isn t it very s D.What a D.How a D.why D.Why D.How size D.dont you專項(xiàng)練習(xí)( dangerous. -OK,thank you. A.dont B.doesnt ( A.How ( A.what a ( -The meeting will start soon.I donA.where ( -Every Tuesday and Thursday. A.How often ( -A big bowl,please. A.What siz