1616/16MODULE1五種篙璉旬欲決英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句i五種結(jié)構(gòu)型，縮簡(jiǎn)句子后*結(jié)構(gòu)自分明,叢士語(yǔ)狀態(tài)，即為主系表’生謂關(guān)打4:渭民二者需分清’動(dòng)作對(duì)彖人和勸則是間賓加直賓I二賓位置可互換，介詞t6t血記心間.句于已有主誼賓.賓語(yǔ)再補(bǔ)方完整.賓語(yǔ)加上補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)I二者拘成復(fù)合處.K主語(yǔ)亠不及物勒詞CSV)不枚物劭同，不能帶賓語(yǔ).怛有些要按狀語(yǔ)意文才完整二2、主語(yǔ)十系動(dòng)詞卡表語(yǔ)(SVP)系刃ii可；he」-b已eomej亡磁,gel.turnh.gmw.smelljiiMe.keep.髯cunti3、生諸+及物創(chuàng)訶十賓諾(SVO)4、主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞事間攜真語(yǔ)希直按賓語(yǔ)?SVOOJKS.賓語(yǔ)在前』加伽或悅連接間接賓語(yǔ)?Give,show,send,bringspas.s,lendJeave,hand,feeI^mise^retu^.throw用togy,do,get,pkiypvder,sing^av片1for.念主語(yǔ).缶及物創(chuàng)iif!十賓vfr+賓涪補(bǔ)足ifr(svoc")therebe訶型。iidyop收拾，fan*,fanoneselfJft某人自己扇風(fēng)+fartthethime煽功f靑緒，moviefann影迷,un反義前綴！3idv-unEidy.tiappy-unhappy+cumforEabIc-aneemfortab\catleasts少.祈使旬.背定以功詞原形開(kāi)頭，反問(wèn)用willyou否定用Don't+詞原形+反問(wèn)用wiHyoli",Let's…用shallwe?takeup-代同加中間；takeaway-tzikestii.back,收回某物take....to...…帶....takeoft脫下，:takeoft脫下，:起飛takearc^t怖總--下，abirof=aliHl匕有丿L，Lntime及時(shí)一abit衛(wèi)little一作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)可互換

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問(wèn)回答是-?致的+針對(duì)事案作答。explainsth40血向3E人解釋5?乩when]wasaboutfourarfiveyearsold.=artheageoffuuj*orfiveinp^riun眾目逓kt?要…asktorsth向某人?要尿物k^irnf「nm?向.J?■習(xí)leumabout/of聽(tīng)說(shuō)t了解到le^m...byc!ieself=teaclioneselfItI-F-closed（iwn停止〔播嗇），關(guān)閉動(dòng)詞變表示人的黑詞時(shí)通常加亡「?也有部殳就詞加or構(gòu)成run—nimierplay一playersing一s-ingerwin一winnei-report一reportermanage—rndnageracr-actorvi引【一visito-rcolled—olkcujrinvejiT—inveniuroperttre-opernfurconduct-conductorintTont在■…前，在事物外部的前面?inlhe&pntOf在事物內(nèi)部的前面seundlike聽(tīng)起來(lái)像…intruduecsb血止一把某人介紹紿某人（helivesof,_的命運(yùn)表示建b賈的旬型有二1.Shallwe...>我們…好嗎？2、"已_…讓我們…3、What/howabout...怎甌樣?牡WhydonJtnot,>.?為什線不？Wouldyoulite.』你區(qū)意再?回答時(shí)用I'dlikc/lovcto.Sony.bin.…jd''J■tfi'Z'ij處回答:goodiJca./OK/Surt7Allright.Whyrwr?/Grea(/Yes,F7Ilovemjfj-J-建議否定回答』PmsorrytFmaf^id7Tfdloveto1but.dt.rscoreagoal述一■球score鼠success獲得成功MODULE4if從旬if引導(dǎo)的糾I狀諸從旬的分類駁虛擬條和甸的判帆謁以耙條件句分気兩類?(矚真實(shí)柔件句土凡是假設(shè)的情況發(fā)生性可能很大,就是直實(shí)條件句夕IfIhavelimeJwillhelpyouwiththiswork.訐從旬若是在時(shí)，主甸應(yīng)用卷來(lái)時(shí)。("塩擬條件旬’當(dāng)假說(shuō)是不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)吋+就墾虛擬條艸旬“[fIwereyouAwouldhave^ittcnd^dthemcclang.IthehiwJcomeherev-esterdav,hewouldhaveseenhisoldfriend.條料旬中如有.可以雀去「井邇用倒裝鍛序，playbackW&^t?mon打開(kāi)，零指打幵屯器.水龍頭等f(wàn)turnoff關(guān)上.lend以h_Sib.ulciieHb.￡〔h.把慕物借給某人°borrowsb.sth=boiraw戲hformsb.I<d:圧人借來(lái)某物-借-段I時(shí)河用keep,sendsb,stli=^endsth,tosb.sendaway派岀t世此sendupKflt,sendfor人去詰.eonnect...Jo/with...把…凰I…連接saveone'slife挽救某人的生命.picbup撿起，拾起.3fewdaysciirlicf丿L天l?『climboutof從…-爬出來(lái).bitc鼬-onlhehlild咬某人的~T-afewdivs3fewdaysciirlicf丿L天l?『climboutof從…-爬出來(lái).怎么啦?:Lwhatiswrongwith^b.Ath.thematterwithsb./sthjS.Wha^thetroublegut/bereadyrodosth準(zhǔn)備好做某事‘樂(lè)蕊做某事get/hti*cadyformth=pTvp我re怎么啦?:Lwhatiswrongwith^b.Ath.thematterwithsb./sthjS.Wha^thetroublegut/bereadyrodosth準(zhǔn)備好做某事‘樂(lè)蕊做某事get/hti*cadyformth=pTvp我refor為…進(jìn)備』了cCci^lliipOSEC^fd收捌亠張卜〔月信)\onthefro-ntof在前而亍在正面一onthetwhatkinduf什么種炎"哪種.akinJolallkinds;of備婁備樣的kindofTTa1.1,l^fccaphutu=takcphoTufcJfl照kicsk:up仰looksb.upanddowti上下打星看某人kl<y>kafterJS順,Sookdow:non(uplootforwardtodoingsth盼著做某專］3ookantheback,在背而，在齢而alandof——種，kindofIT點(diǎn)兒'相SJ'￡ilink.iibit.lookup仰視,査找（字典）lookup(c牌敬,仰視,playbiiclc囲放,rumon開(kāi),turnoff關(guān)，rurndown關(guān)小」uniup開(kāi)丿-comeon近快.civmefrom-鬼Hc^m-eback回來(lái).comealon^，跟番來(lái)eurnem比順便未訪come旳鬭“落下-隧落lmrtoneself傷M某人flulsaveone^life挽救某人的一牛一命bi忙sb皿thehand咬T某人的手across曹調(diào)城一定范圈的一邊到另一邊，且在物體表面上沿著某一條銭的方向而跡冇的動(dòng)作。thro^ti我加從某…范用的…端和対…端，怛它說(shuō)沐的動(dòng)作是在肉部空間進(jìn)和的，往往攬穿過(guò)沙漠.森林、窗戶等?o冗r用作薦穿過(guò)，通過(guò)”時(shí).表示到達(dá)焉的障礙物的另一側(cè).叩搟起心_些.見(jiàn)個(gè)+用于粥詞算數(shù)形式肯定’怔謝彼少，幾乎沒(méi)有*用于名詢復(fù)數(shù)瞻武皆定alirtie有-總用于環(huán)可數(shù)名詞肯定,littk很少，兒乎投有否定onbu^ness差-fS'Aborrowa借!1；址n（L借一'段時(shí)1^1keep訶ith和…一起.疑有帶右『攜帶；與…同時(shí)*隨著；由于.因?yàn)?；表示行溝方式；就…?lái)說(shuō)，關(guān)于°whatisthepricedofsth?=howmuch13旨th烹物妾少錢(qián)？besurpH^edi心dos（Ei做某事血感到驚奇，af詫diiystidier凡天前?show,,.io".…把…給…看，suggesttosb向某人提建遼I『檢h愛(ài)爾蘭的Jrcland愛(ài)爾蘭iIrishmmE愛(ài)爾蘭男人,Irishwt?man愛(ài)爾蘭女人waittor血蟲(chóng)苗等待某人/某物hidesthfromsb把某事瞞著某人.hidecut躲藏*thideup庇（壞人），tukeone?s>medicine忍受不揄快的事*Uikemedicines服藥”besurpi'isedatsth.對(duì)…感靶昇驚奇besurprisedthaH■從句

inHurpri^e悼奇地-tosurpriseJt人吃驚的能leavetor自place動(dòng)號(hào)去:爆地MODULE5if引出的條件狀語(yǔ)從旬的時(shí)態(tài)?1+主旬用一般將氷時(shí)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句劃--般現(xiàn)在吋表將來(lái)；2.當(dāng)主旬用祈便句或惜恚動(dòng)詞忖+從旬逋常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)D3如果左句屮的動(dòng)河展陰唄M附等詞.則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)h4有時(shí)if引導(dǎo)的從旬也可以用will,奩“愿憊3計(jì)引導(dǎo)的熱件狀語(yǔ)尿句與新扯旬的轉(zhuǎn)換生語(yǔ)為yw的條杵狀語(yǔ)從旬可與“祈越句片餉田血十簡(jiǎn)單句"甸找衛(wèi)換.Ifyonworkhiirdcrtyouftipiisitheuxam.—-Workhiirdcr,^ndyou*11passtheexam,[fyouiknfthuiTyup,vcu"11misst^ietntir一一Hurryuptoryou'llmithetrain.if引導(dǎo)的條件旬也可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)表示與理右相反的假設(shè)'[虛擬語(yǔ)氣)beable葩?會(huì)+al【togethb—起.tiLtheendof結(jié)東冏「takeo-ffS[1掉』拿走*atleast至少.atfteral)畢曲helpih.Withith幫助某人做某事「hurryUp趕快.use,..fiot用.…來(lái)I?bteusedtosostli=beusedfor(dotng)sth被用來(lái)干某事「beusedby被…用.offert<)d(isth捉供幫助做親果，begoodat=dowrel!in擅畏'b亡weakiii=dobadlyin在…方麗弱亠haveachancetndosLh=liaveachanceofdoing盍th一冇"I故Jit事的機(jī)仝tuk€achatKf：碰運(yùn)氣beat門(mén)什擊退土beatup-餾rh“痛打，hiiitdown扌丁倒’SS毀，SH介?be^rcne\brains絞盡腦汁、punishsbforsth因…而懲罰驀人punishshwith(by^death把某人處死』punishsb.with(by)afine|(fc某人以罰款oneof詞SJt動(dòng)詞用曲數(shù)……之一十oncofthc+^fr詞最鬲級(jí)十名詞復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞用-?單-垠…?之花費(fèi)時(shí)閥和茱人/某物在「起spend旳盹timewithwh/sthrtoomuch玄欽后跟名詞*muchtooXT非常后跟形容詞或副詞口beproudof-takepridein以.…件喙ssndsb.away把…送走*把…捽；把…開(kāi)除’轉(zhuǎn)是副崗.通常修飾形容詞，副詞.叢示這么鏗(少〉名詞前用,niary.muchJbw」ittl巴表示"參少"I忖應(yīng)用sohsuch是形容詞，常修飾名詞，放在a/an之前.all,no,oneJewseveral.some,any,mtiny之后"可以修怖徉種韶詞.sucJn-a/an豐iidj.豐?單數(shù)名詞=泊+adj.4-aAan亠弟彖名詞asktodosih更求I故某事.sbtoM翌求某人做;某班.asktbrin■;iskfortrouble自找麻煩hesuittwdtij;th一-足…’庇須一…-hesui'eofxth/hesurethatiy；為碗信.besureofdoingsih.-fjIt!握做某事offertodosthKikLLift某事，廳息做某翦stealsrlifrvmsb.s(c<ilsb，&th.gotosleep/J匪.睡著，gotobed上床睡劇，gotosleep/tallasleep^gettosleep入睡，睡著.beasleep睡得很塾.be-feistMleep陲得很鞭besleeping正在睡筮"betiredof厭煩…+對(duì)鏟感到厭煩adj./adT.+erioughforsb.4-rodosrh做粧書(shū)A]果扎來(lái)說(shuō)夠…"rnueadof代替?而不蜃主動(dòng)馬態(tài)喪被動(dòng)匪態(tài)敢決匕賓變主,主變賓?岡短語(yǔ)后面跟。謂鎬主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)，氐加經(jīng)過(guò)分”來(lái)便用■何種時(shí)畜變彼動(dòng)「時(shí)態(tài)只能在be瓠說(shuō)到主動(dòng)和被動(dòng).還是被動(dòng)最常用-披動(dòng)語(yǔ)感前結(jié)構(gòu)是：hc+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞變法，1主牛謂+賓語(yǔ).將賓語(yǔ)變作土語(yǔ)■將謂語(yǔ)'變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，將主語(yǔ)婪by巽語(yǔ)一2J:.+謂+間賓4■直賓蔣間接賓語(yǔ)變作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)變成披動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，直搖賓語(yǔ)不變.3圭+謂+直賓4■耐賓44?；騠or搟直斐主崗狷變被告，其余不變切原主主卜謂十:炭十賓補(bǔ)賓作主，謂余不變,by原主.主+謂+賓+冗補(bǔ)(kLficc,make.hgrwixh,tcc-1,help,tio<itc,ab?>trse,lookatJistenm)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)睦’后加的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由就動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)5才過(guò)去分i曠中的動(dòng)詞be來(lái)體規(guī)?真基木站拘和用法如下:(1)般觀在時(shí)的皴功語(yǔ)態(tài)：価血眈H過(guò)去分詞艮Q)—般過(guò)去時(shí)的就動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Iwas[wc!e'|+過(guò)去分iil9.(3)一般將來(lái)吋的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；巒1"小過(guò)去分詞10.0)現(xiàn)社.窕就『扌的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)zhave[has]been+il-^分詞iL(5)過(guò)去注成対的槪動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：hadbeen+11去分詞(6)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)檸時(shí)■的被功陪態(tài)；am[is,arc]bciti計(jì)過(guò)去分詞(7)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)iwas[were]being+過(guò)去分詞回摘過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的枝動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：wouidbe+i±去分卡iISA含冇悄態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形貳1丘若兀動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)屮謂語(yǔ)含脊情態(tài)動(dòng)灣.在棣應(yīng)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中通常應(yīng)慄留該情態(tài)動(dòng)詞「其結(jié)構(gòu)為“■里態(tài)動(dòng)詞+h卄過(guò)去分詞対_mthefromof面(內(nèi)部2arthebatkof.^,...J6面heangrjrat如khi【Uti.MJt事而生氣heingrywith,/iit$h一和Jt人主氣btabletodosrhff&5l趴refusetodosch拒絕.Wfl-Uldiatherdosththando冊(cè)若愿做菜事而不愿做棊事punishsb.with/by…把杲人以…處罰warnsb.iodo汕h.告誡某人做某事writeto曲緒某人埒信usesihindo卅h+用某物做菜:事gowrong,出毛摘’出錯(cuò)iifie,...for用來(lái)做閃⑺到….之上into到….之內(nèi).outof從…出來(lái)這些詞語(yǔ)常與動(dòng)態(tài)詞連用makejrn]s(akc=rnakcmiuakes犯錯(cuò)誤.beangq?todosth.做St事很生氣?beangrywithsb.fordoing因某人做了某事而坐氣,first..secondtJ先…其次.感嘆旬：感嘆的中心落在形容詞.副詞或整個(gè)句子上，用ho訓(xùn)引導(dǎo)感嘆魚(yú)till：H0W4形容詞斕詞+主語(yǔ)*謂語(yǔ)！感嘆的中心落在名調(diào)上,用引導(dǎo)感嘆句?即；what+a/an-F形容詞4■可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)屮主語(yǔ)*謂語(yǔ)!訕吟彤容詞中可數(shù)名同復(fù)數(shù)十主語(yǔ)4■謂語(yǔ)!磧血坤形容詞十不可數(shù)名詞十主語(yǔ)十鍛語(yǔ)!pocketmoney零用錢(qián)，afteral]公簷怎樣?畢竟hurryupfift,inahurry匆忙地一hurryiodosih.忙去做某事鉛vu叩積攢，儲(chǔ)存’onone^swaytn在某人去某地的路上+副詞不坤【u*bebroken(KT-壞了agreeon對(duì)■-…取得一致意見(jiàn)侗agreeindoingsth.^agreetosch.后面跟表示提磁、辦畝，計(jì)劃=安卅等購(gòu)名詞戒代詞’agreewith后面常接表示人或意見(jiàn)〔看迂)的名詞或找詞作賓語(yǔ)feelsorrytor對(duì)…感到抱歉t對(duì)一+感到腫憾find...dit'ficuk5SK1_：41難getinfo(rau.t?k招葢麻煩，陷入麻煩，cIkfirst(one)todo丈h■第一個(gè)做果事冊(cè)人startwith=heginwith臥…作開(kāi)始warnsb.(not)iodosth.警告攏醐某人(不雯)他按啡warnsb.Agai門(mén)對(duì)矗扎Jdoingsth.提豳/警仟某人不要做某事wurn血of/about警吿某人JE-事wramsb.that警告某人MODULE6直搔引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)引述別人的話有兩種方式：一是使用引號(hào)引出人家的原話，這叫做直接引語(yǔ)：—是用自己的話把人家的話轉(zhuǎn)述出來(lái).這刪做劇接引語(yǔ)->如何變?nèi)朔Q：下面口?r—隨王’二閔賓.第二人稱不翌新亠“一隨主鴨描在直接引訛變間按弓1￡仙」1[?果從句屮的」z工①k稱誠(chéng)被爼上稱所修饑從何中的人稱要按照主句中主謠的人稱變化如：Shes±Lid.''Mybrotherwantstogcwithme."―Shes-aidherbletherwiintetlto岸owithher.骷賓"足捋直整引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)忖，若從何中的二語(yǔ)及賓誦堆第—人稱「或戡第二人你和條飾。從句中的人稱婪跟引號(hào)外的》巾的處語(yǔ)一致n如果引號(hào)外的主旬沒(méi)習(xí)賓語(yǔ)「也可以用第-人禰.如二HedaidtoKafe."Howisyouraistcrnow?"—^Hca^kedKatehowhersister吋asLhurt□"第三人稱不更衍堤指直接引語(yǔ)孌間接弓I語(yǔ)時(shí).如果從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第三人稱或被第三人稱所詹飾從旬中的人稱一般環(huán)需耍變化如：MrSmith詼iiLJackisagoodworker^'^MrSmith論"Jackwas;ag<xxJworker^由jg接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)，分以下情況；L直藏引語(yǔ)是陳述句時(shí)冋接引語(yǔ)為th就引導(dǎo)的賓涪從句｛口語(yǔ)屮thatMf以省咯》，主句的引述動(dòng)詞主要有sny4etl,repe^Ue^|)Liin,think導(dǎo)』He乞日iM,11Vguarcyoungerthans^id(th^t)Iwas'votiHgcrth^itliiin^入肖接引甫是碇問(wèn)何時(shí)「間接引語(yǔ)為陳址語(yǔ)胎主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞沁改為騎匕戒改為wonder,don()tknow,Wi^intokiiowtb?notsure,bepuzzled等O)—般疑何句或反意疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閕f(wl]rthur)^導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句口Shesaid,rrDoyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspapers?*1—*Sheabktdincif(或whtthtrjlohenwenttheretoreadpapers.Sheaskedme,''Youhaveseen(lieHim,liavtn'fyon?^—^SheaskedmeM'hEther(或if)1hadseenliltfilm.<2)選擇疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閣hetherB.^or賓語(yǔ)從句口Idiskedhim,"Willyoustayathomeorgotoafilmtonight?ir—1目戒開(kāi)himwhetherhewouldstav莎homeorgotoaHiraithsatnlghL(3)特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)橛稍瓉?lái)的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句.He3NkedT"Wlicrtdoyoulive?1*—*-HcmewlitreILived-王直接引語(yǔ)是祈使何時(shí)間接引語(yǔ)為不定無(wú)作ask,tcH,beg,order,want,adviM：靠動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(doifl變?yōu)镋iot).J'hcteacher關(guān)記tntheboy,1'Operath$window.1R—*Tlieteat'hcrtoldth刖boytooptn【h匕window.Hhfather^jijdShim,'hD(m*lIcuvtthrdooropen/^HisfatherLoldhimnottuleavethedooroptn?⑤：S接引語(yǔ)如果是以叫盤(pán)/開(kāi)頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用嗨II聲曲4■動(dòng)句詞(或從句)=*'in：HesaidTHiLel\g辦tothefilm..1"—i-HesujestedgMng(othefiLni-j^suggestedthattlieyshouldgotoseetheHim.I崔盍]O)有些表示建議r提議r勸告或耍求的祈使句T可以用suggestjnsist等動(dòng)詞加以轉(zhuǎn)述口例如：HesaidT'Tet's^fltothetheatre?FtHcKuggesltdhnir)買亦知g伽thetheatre^He^u^^esttdIhulwt(Nhou]<l)妙totheUieiitre.(2)"Woutdyoumindopeningthewindow?1'heemk^A.?H年ask^dmetoo]>enthewindow."'Wlivdon*tyout^kcawulkaftersupper?1'lieHNkcd.—Iwadvisednu?totafccawalkaftersupper."SEi汕welistentothemusk?"he略拆d?—Hesuggestedihteningtothemu^c.4「直接引語(yǔ)是虜嘆何時(shí)間接引語(yǔ)為what或h(HY引導(dǎo).也可Wfflthat引頭Shesaid,T1WliataLovelydayifisL-^Shcsaidwhat皐Jovclvdayitwas.或Slicsaidthatitwasalovelydav.5.如果主旬謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為齊種現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)，則間接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞仍保持有接引語(yǔ)原來(lái)吋態(tài)戶如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí).間接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)按下列變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)"般規(guī)在時(shí)i般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將寢時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)--骰過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去兜成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)［注意］(I)如果言接引語(yǔ)是表示翌觀寡理吋'變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)?…股現(xiàn)在時(shí)不改為一般過(guò)去時(shí).如￡Theieadiersaid1fTheearthgoesr^utidthesun,1'fTH^tta<hers?iidih^ttheefirthgoesroundthesun,C2)如果直接引語(yǔ)中有明確袤示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ).變育間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，?般過(guò)去時(shí)不改為過(guò)去完成時(shí)d如hHesaidtomeg,FIwasbornin1973.'h—*fktoldmethathewasborntn1973.如果宜接引語(yǔ)所述事實(shí)在當(dāng)時(shí)利目前同樣生效’變?yōu)殚g接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)T—股現(xiàn)征時(shí)芋改為一股過(guò)去時(shí)?如=Htsaid,111Tm.ubuy,notagiFl.1h-^Hes^idthatheis?b(svFnotagirL(4)如果直接引語(yǔ)中的謂議動(dòng)詞表示「種反復(fù)訊現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，在變?yōu)殚偨右龝r(shí).一股現(xiàn)在時(shí)環(huán)改為一般過(guò)去時(shí)b如』Thtgirl^idT1'I背上tlipatsixtveryihurninj^.11-^Thtgirl歸idthatsl)€getsupsixeverymornings(勺如杲"K接引語(yǔ)中含冇sin-ee,wlien,whik1引導(dǎo)的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)從句.在變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí).只改變主句屮的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，從句的-般過(guò)去時(shí)則不變。如Hesaidtome,"1havetaughtEngH^lisincehemm￡here/'—*FIetoldcue(hfitheh^idt^ugjitEnglishsinceheeatnehere.⑹如果直接引語(yǔ)屮含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must,need-,］iadbetter以及情態(tài)動(dòng)訶的過(guò)去jtcould,might,staouid*would,在變丸間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，這些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)的改變口例如匸Thetethertome‘''Younm.stpaymorealttntionto>ourpronundation?1—Thft^chcrtoldmedialInwist(haveto)paymoreatUntiontomypronundudon.Iks^idtoulds^itnwhenIwas曲Mysix-T,—*Hcsitidthnthecould為評(píng)imwhenhe和n毎onlysix.

直護(hù)引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)th胡thutthi^ethosenowtticntodaythatdaythisweek(montefc)thatweek(monthte(eyesterdayth上daybeforePastweek(montiptheweek(monrh)beforethreedays(ayearja^uthreedays(4iyeadbefnre于T0Wthe(following)<Uy□Extweek(montli)thenext(fDllowing)week(manth)thi豈evtniLigthiiiEYcnii]^jcsEci'dayni昉Tilingthemoriihigbctarc眞代訶答一般創(chuàng)應(yīng)儒相應(yīng)的變化』項(xiàng)口摳示代詞時(shí)的語(yǔ)表間詞agobeforethedajbeforeycNtEFtfavtwodaysbcfoi■{:地點(diǎn)herethere動(dòng)詞agobeforethedajbeforeycNtEFtfavtwodaysbcfoi■