住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-天津師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Thepolice（

）himabouthismovementsatthelineofthecrime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.chuckled

B.blurted

C.grilled

D.pried

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。chuckle意為“輕聲地笑”；blurt意為“突然說出，脫口而出”；grill意為“盤問，審問”；pry意為“打聽，刺探”。

句意：警察在審問了他關(guān)于他在犯罪現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的行動(dòng)。

2.單選題

Becomingdisabledbyanaccidentisoneofthemostserious（

）thatalldriversface.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shortcomings

B.faults

C.mistakes

D.hazards

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。shortcoming意為“短處，缺點(diǎn)”；fault意為“缺點(diǎn)，缺陷”；mistake意為“錯(cuò)誤，過失”；hazard意為“危險(xiǎn)，危害，事故”。

句意：車禍致殘是所有司機(jī)面臨的最大威脅之一。

3.單選題

Ifagirl’seyes（

）whenshelooksatyou,itmeanssheisinterestedinyou.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.glitter

B.sparkle

C.flash

D.flicker

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。glitter意為“閃爍，閃現(xiàn)(某種強(qiáng)烈情感)”；sparkle意為“閃耀，閃爍”；flash意為“使閃光，使閃爍”，帶有“興奮、喜悅、高興之色”，指快速地發(fā)出強(qiáng)光；flicker意為“閃爍”，指閃出不太強(qiáng)的光。

句意：如果一個(gè)女孩看著你，她的眼睛放光，意思是她對(duì)你感興趣。

4.單選題

It（

）toseesomanychildreninthatmountainousareacannotevenaffordelementaryeducation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.painsher

B.makesherpain

C.ispaining

D.ispained

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。itpainssb.tosee意為“看到……使某人心痛”。句意：看到很多山區(qū)的孩子無法接受基礎(chǔ)教育使她心痛。

5.單選題

Thealliessufferedlessthan20（

）whileenemylossesweresaidtobehigh.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.casualties

B.consequences

C.calamities

D.severities

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。casualty意為“(戰(zhàn)爭或事故的)傷員，傷亡”；consequence意為“結(jié)果，后果”；calamity意為“災(zāi)禍，災(zāi)難”；severity意為“嚴(yán)重”。

句意：同盟國遭受傷亡的人數(shù)不到20，而敵人的傷亡據(jù)說很高。

6.單選題

（

）hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhis

assignment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Muchthough

B.Muchas

C.Asmuch

D.Thoughmuch

【答案】B

【解析】考查狀語從句。as可以引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，though不能引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。as引導(dǎo)原因狀語的時(shí)候進(jìn)行倒裝，much是用來修飾want的程度副詞

句意：因?yàn)橹苣┧芟敫呐笥殉鋈ネ妫运坏貌涣粝聛硗瓿勺鳂I(yè)。

7.單選題

Inmostcasesimpoverishedmothershavesymptomsofanxietybecauseofthe（

）theymustcopewithintheirdailylives,ratherthanbecauseoftruementalhealthissues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adversity

B.substance

C.depletion

D.trauma

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。adversity意為“困境，不幸”；substance意為“物質(zhì)，材料”；depletion意為“消耗，用盡”；trauma意為“創(chuàng)傷”。

句意：在大多數(shù)情況下，貧困的母親有焦慮的癥狀，因?yàn)樗麄儽仨殤?yīng)對(duì)日常生活中的不幸，而不是因?yàn)檎嬲男睦斫】祮栴}。

8.翻譯題

ThenationsmeetinghereinShanghaiunderstandwhatitisstake.Ifwedonotstandagainstterrorismnow,everycivilizednationwillatsomepointbeitstarget.Wewilldefeattheterroristsbydestroyingtheirnetwork,whereveritisfound.Wewillalsodefeattheterroristsbybuildinganenduringprosperitythatpromisesmoreopportunityandbetterlivesforalltheworld'speople.

ThecountriesofthePacificRimmadethedecisiontoopenthemselvesuptotheworld,andtheresultisoneofthegreatdevelopmentsuccessstoriesofourtime.Thepeoplesofthisregionaremoreprosperous,healthier,andbettereducatedthantheywereonlytwodecadesago.Andthisprogresshasprovedwhatopennesscanaccomplish.

【答案】在上海的與會(huì)各國都意識(shí)到了目前的危機(jī)。如果我們現(xiàn)在不制止恐怖主義，每個(gè)文明國家都將在某一時(shí)刻成為其襲擊目標(biāo)。我們將摧毀恐怖分子的一切聯(lián)絡(luò)，無論他在何地。我們還將通過建立持久的繁榮，為全世界人民帶來更多的機(jī)會(huì)和更好的生活，從而擊敗恐怖分子。

亞太地區(qū)各國決定向世界開放，這是我們這個(gè)時(shí)代偉大的發(fā)展成就之一。與過去僅僅20年前相比，該地區(qū)人民的生活更繁榮，更健康，受教育程度更高。這樣的進(jìn)步證明了開放的成果。

9.單選題

Thereisnothinglikethesuggestionofacancerrisktoscareaparent,especiallyoneoftheover-educated,eco-conscioustypes.SoyoucanimaginethereactionwhenarecentUSATodayinvestigationofairqualityaroundthecanon’sschoolssingledoutthoseinthesmuglygreenvillageofBerkeley,Calif,asbeingamongtheworstinthecountry.Thecity’spublichighschool,aswellasanumberofdaycarecenter,preschools,elementaryandmiddleschools,fellinthelowest10%.Industrialpollutioninourtownhadsupposedlyturnedstudentsintolivingscienceexperimentbreathinginalaboratory’sworthofheavymetalslikemanganese,chromiumandnickeleachday.Thisisinacitythatrequiresschoolcafeteriastoserveorganicmeals.Great,Ithought,organiclunch,toxiccampus.

SinceDecember,whenthereportcameout,themayor,neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent-teacherassociationshaveengagedinafiercebattleoveritsvalidity,overtheguiltofthesteed-castingfactoryonthewesternedgeoftown,overunionjobsversuschildren’shealthandoverwhat,ifanything,oughttobedone.Withallsidespresentingtheirownexpertsarmedwithconflictingscientificstudies,whomshouldparentsbelieve?Istheretrulyathreathere?Weasksoneanotheraswedroppedoffourkids,andifso,howgreatitis?Andhowdoesitcomparewiththeother,seeminglyperpetualhealthscaresweconfront,likepanicoverleadinsyntheticathleticfields?Ratherthanjustanotherweirdepisodeinthetownthatbroughtyouprotestingenvironmentalists,thislatestdramaisatrialforhowtoday’sparentsperceiverisk,howwetrytokeepourkidssafe---whetherit’spossibletokeepthemsafe---inwhatfeelslikeanincreasinglythreateningworld.Itraisesthequestionofwhat,inourtime,“safe”couldevenmean.

“There’snowayaroundtheuncertainty”，saysKimberlyThompson,presidentofKidRisk,anonprofitgroupthatstudieschildren’shealth.“Thatmeansyourchoicescanmatter,butitalsomeansyouaren’tgoingtoknowiftheydo.”A2004reportinthejournalPediatricsexplainedthatnervousparentshavemoretofearfromfire,caraccidentsanddrowningthanfromtoxicchemicalexposure.TowhichIsay:Well,obviously.Butsuchconcretehazardsarebesidethepoint.It'sthedangersparentscan’t---andmaynever-quantifythatoccurallofsudden.That’swhyI’veridmycupboardofmicrowavefoodpackedinbagscoatedwithapotentialcancer-causingsubstance,butalthoughI’velivedblocksfromamajorfaultlineformorethan12years,Istillhaven’tboltedourbookcasestothelivingroomwall.

1.WhatdoesarecentinvestigationbyUSATodayreveal?

2.WhatresponsedidUASToday’sreportdraw?

3.Howdidparentsfeelinthefaceoftheexperts'studies?

4.Whatistheviewofthe2004reportinthejournalPediatrics'?

5.Ofthedangersineverydaylife,theauthorthinksthatpeoplehavemosttofearfrom（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Heavymetalsinlabteststhreatenchildren'shealthinBerkeley.

B.Berkeleyresidentsarequitecontentedwiththeirsurroundings.

C.TheairqualityaroundBerkeley’sschoolcampusesispoor.

D.ParentsinBerkeleyareover-sensitivetocancerriskstheirkidsface.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Aheateddebate.

B.Popularsupport.

C.Widespreadpanic.

D.Strongcriticism.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyfeltverymuchrelieved.

B.Theywerefrightenedbytheevidence.

C.Theydidn'tknowwhotobelieve.

D.Theyweren'tconvincedoftheresults.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itisimportanttoquantifyvariousconcretehazards.

B.Dailyaccidentsposeamoreseriousthreattochildren.

C.Parentsshouldbeawareofchildren'shealthhazards.

D.Attentionshouldbepaidtotoxicchemicalexposure.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theuncertain

B.thequantifiable

C.anearthquake

D.unhealthyfood

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中SoyoucanimaginethereactionwhenarecentUSATodayinvestigationofairqualityaroundthecanon’sschoolssingledoutthoseinthesmuglygreenvillageofBerkeley,Calif,asbeingamongtheworstinthecountry.（因此，你可以想象，最近《今日美國》對(duì)全國學(xué)校周圍空氣質(zhì)量的調(diào)查，將加利福尼亞州的伯克利綠色村莊也列為全國空氣質(zhì)量狀況最差的地區(qū)之中）可知選C。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段第一句中SinceDecember,whenthereportcameout,themayor,neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent-teacherassociationshaveengagedinafiercebattleoveritsvalidity（自去年12月該報(bào)告發(fā)布以來，市長、社區(qū)積極分子和各種家長教師協(xié)會(huì)就該報(bào)告的有效性展開了激烈的討論）可知選A。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中Withallsidespresentingtheirownexpertsarmedwithconflictingscientificstudies,whomshouldparentsbelieve?（由于各方都提出了一些支持各自觀點(diǎn)的專家，但這些專家的科學(xué)研究是相互矛盾的，家長應(yīng)該相信誰？）以及后面的一連串提問，可知父母對(duì)這些觀點(diǎn)感到困惑，不知道該相信誰，因此選C。

第4題:推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中A2004reportinthejournalPediatricsexplainedthatnervousparentshavemoretofearfromfire,caraccidentsanddrowningthanfromtoxicchemicalexposure.（《兒科雜志》2004年的一份報(bào)告解釋說，神經(jīng)緊張的父母對(duì)火災(zāi)、車禍和溺水的恐懼比有毒化學(xué)暴露更多）可推測(cè)父母對(duì)日常容易遇到的事故更擔(dān)心，因此選B。

第5題:推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中There’snowayaroundtheuncertainty...It'sthedangersparentscan’t—andmaynever-quantifythatoccurallofsudden.（無法避免這種不確定性……這是父母無法——也可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)量化突然發(fā)生的危險(xiǎn)）可推測(cè)作者認(rèn)為父母最大的恐懼來源于不確定性，因此選A。

10.單選題

Inselectingamaterialtheengineer’sinterestisinitspropertieswhichdeterminehowitwillperformundertheloadsandcondition（

）itissubject.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.where

B.which

C.inwhich

D.towhich

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語從句。由固定搭配“besubjectto”可知此處將介詞提前，因此選D。

句意：在選擇材料時(shí)，工程師感興趣的是材料在遭受負(fù)荷或者某種狀況時(shí)所表現(xiàn)出來的特性。

11.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

Readingcanonlybefunifyouexpectittobe.Ifyouconcentrateonbookssomebodytellsyouyou‘‘ought”toread,youprobablywon’thavefun.Butifyouputdownabookyoudon’tlikeandtryanothertillyoufindonethatmeanssomethingtoyou,andthenrelaxwithit,youwillalmostcertainlyhaveagoodtime—andifyoubecome,asaresultofreading,better,wiser,kinder,ormoregentle,youwon’thavesufferedduringtheprocess.

【答案】只有當(dāng)你期望閱讀是有趣的時(shí)候，它才是有趣的。如果你全神貫注于別人告訴你“應(yīng)該”讀的書，你可能不會(huì)有樂趣。但是如果你放下一本你不喜歡的書，并嘗試另一本，直到你找到一本對(duì)你有點(diǎn)意義的書，然后輕松地讀下去，你肯定能樂在其中——如果你因?yàn)殚喿x而變得更好，更智慧，更友善，或者更文雅，你就不會(huì)在這個(gè)過程中受苦。

12.單選題

Shoppingforclothesisnotthesameexperienceforamanasitisforawoman.Amangoesshoppingbecauseheneedssomething.Hispurposeissettledanddecidedinadvance.Heknowswhathewantsandhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondaryconsideration.Allmensimplywalkintoashopandasktheassistantforwhattheywant.Iftheshophasitinstockthesalesmanpromptlyproducesit,andthebusinessoftryingiton,proceedsatonce.Allbeingwell,thedealcanbeandofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminutes,withhardlyanychatandtoeveryone'ssatisfaction.

Foraman,slightproblemsmaybeginwhentheshopdoesnothavewhathewants,ordoesnothaveexactlywhathewants.Inthatcasethesalesman,asthenameimplies,triestosellthecustomersomethingelse—heoffersthenearesthecantothearticlerequired.Nogoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitutebluntly,hedoessowithskillandpolish."Iknowthisjacketisnotthestyleyouwant,sir,butwouldyouliketotryitforsize?Ithappenstobethecoloryoumentioned."Fewmenhavepatiencewiththistreatment,andtheusualresponseis"Thisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsize,butIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursbytryingiton."

Nowhowdoesawomangoaboutbuyingclothes?Inalmosteveryrespectshedoessointheoppositeway.Hershoppingisnotoftenbasedonneed.Shehasneverfullymadeuphermindwhatshewants,andsheisonly"havingalookaround".Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion;indeedshesetsgreatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsher,evenbywhatcompanionstellher.Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.Contrarytoalotofjokes;mostwomenhaveanexcellentsenseofvaluewhentheybuyclothes.Theyarealwaysonthelook-outfortheunexpectedbargain.Facedwitharoomfulofdresses,awomanmayeasilyspendanhourgoingfromonerailtoanother,toandfro,oftenretracinghersteps,beforeselectingthedressesshewantstotryon.Itisalaboriousprocessbutapparentlyanenjoyableone.Somostdressshopsprovidechairsforthewaitinghusbands.

1.Whenamanisbuyingclothes,（

）.

2.Incommerceagoodsalesmanisonewho

（

）.

3.Whatdoesamandowhenhecannotgetexactlywhathewants?

4.Accordingtothispassage,whenshoppingforclothes,women

（

）.

5.Whatisthemostobviousdifferencebetweenmenandwomenshoppers?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hechoosesthingsthatothersrecommend

B.hebuyscheapthings,regardlessofquality

C.hebuysgoodthings,solongastheyarenottooexpensive

D.hedoesnotmindhowmuchhehastopayfortherightthings

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.sellssomethingacustomerdoesnotparticularlywant

B.alwayshasinstockthethingthecustomerwants

C.canfindoutquicklythegoodsrequired

D.doesnotwastehistimeondifficultcustomers

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Hebuyssomethingthatissimilarenoughtotheidealone.

B.Heusuallydoesnotbuyanything.

C.Atleasttwoofhisrequirementsmustbemetbeforehebuys.

D.Solongasthestyleisright,hebuysthething.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.oftenbuythingswithoutthinking

B.seldombuycheapclothes

C.welcomesuggestionsfromanyone

D.nevertakeanyadvice

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thefactthatmendonottryclothesoninashop.

B.Womenbargainfortheirclothesbutmendonot.

C.Womenstandupwhileshopping,butmensitdown.

D.Thetimetheytakeoverbuyingclothes.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由文章第一段中Heknowswhathewantsandhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondaryconsideration.（他知道他想要什么，他的目標(biāo)是找到它并購買它；價(jià)格是次要的考慮因素）可知選D。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中Inthatcasethesalesman,asthenameimplies,triestosellthecustomersomethingelse—heoffersthenearesthecantothearticlerequired.Nogoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitutebluntly,hedoessowithskillandpolish.（在這種情況下，推銷員，顧名思義，試圖向顧客推銷其他東西——他提供了最接近他所需要的物品。優(yōu)秀的推銷員不會(huì)直截了當(dāng)?shù)靥岢鲞@樣的替代方案，而是用技巧和變通來做的這點(diǎn)）可知選A。

第3題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段中Thisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsize,butIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursbytryingiton（這是對(duì)的顏色，可能是合適的尺寸，但試穿還是浪費(fèi)你我的時(shí)間）可知選B。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion;indeedshesetsgreatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsher,evenbywhatcompanionstellher.Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.（她總是樂于接受說服；事實(shí)上，她非常重視女售貨員告訴她的話，甚至是同伴對(duì)她說的話。她會(huì)試穿很多東西。在她心中最重要的是應(yīng)該找到每個(gè)人都認(rèn)為適合她的東西）可知選C。

第5題:推理判斷題。由文章第一段中thedealcanbeandofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminutes（這筆交易可以而且經(jīng)常在不到五分鐘內(nèi)完成）和最后一段中Somostdressshopsprovidechairsforthewaitinghusbands（所以大多數(shù)服裝店都為等候的丈夫提供椅子）可知男女購物最大的區(qū)別是購物花費(fèi)的時(shí)間，因此選D。

13.單選題

He（

）hishead,wonderinghowtosolvetheproblem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.scrapped

B.screwed

C.scraped

D.scratched

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。scrap意為“廢棄，報(bào)廢”；screw意為“旋緊，擰緊”；scrape意為“刮，擦”；scratch意為“撓，搔，抓”。

句意：他撓他的頭，不知如何解決這個(gè)問題。

14.單選題

After（

）seemedanendlesswait,itwashisturntoenterthepersonnelmanager’soffice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.it

C.what

D.there

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞性從句。分析句子，可知句中缺少主語，因此用what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句并在句中作主語；that在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分。

句意：在漫長的等待之后，輪到他進(jìn)入人事經(jīng)理辦公室了。

15.單選題

（

）everdevelopedwascelluloid,acombinationofnaturalcamphorandcellulosenitrate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thefirstplasticand

B.Beingthefirstplastic

C.Thefirstplastic

D.Itwasthefirstplastic

【答案】C

【解析】考查主語。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，已有謂語動(dòng)詞was，缺少主語，因此選C。

句意：首先開發(fā)的是賽璐珞，一種天然樟腦和硝酸纖維素的混合物。

16.單選題

Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.Often,itprecedesandoccursconcurrentlywithconflict.Stress,asyouhaveseen,canbebroughtonbyphysicalevent,otherpeople’sbehavior,socialsituations,ourownbehavior,feelings,thoughts,oranythingthatresultsinheightenedbodilyawareness.Inmanycases,whenyouexperiencepain,anger,fear,ordepression,theseemotionsarearesponsetoastressfulsituationlikeconflict.

Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.Relievingsomeoftheintensityoftheimmediateemotionalresponsewillallowustobecomemorelogicalandtolerantinresolvingtheconflict.

Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponddifferentlytostress.Somepeoplehandlebothbetterthanothersdo.Individualdifferencesarenotasimportantaslearninghowtomanagethestresswefeel.Thegoalinstressmanagementisselfcontrol,particularlyinthefaceofstressfulevents.

Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.Sitinacomfortablepositioninaquietplacewheretherearenodistractions.Closeyoureyesandpaynoattentiontotheoutsideworld.Concentrateonlyonyourbreathing.Slowlyinhaleandexhale.Now,witheachexhaledbreathsay“relax”gentlyandpassively.Makeitarelaxingexperience.Ifyouusethismethodtohelpyouinconflictsituationsoveraperiodoftime,theword“relax”willbecomeassociatedwithasenseofphysicalcalm;sayingitinastressfulsituationwillhelpinduceasenseofpeace.

Controllingyourthoughtisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeviews.Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Yourmustalsokeepfromattachingexaggeratedimportancetoevents.

Everythingseemslife-threateninginmomentofpanic;thingsdiminimportancewhenviewedinretrospect.

1.Themainpointofthisreadingisthat（

）.

2.Controllingyourthoughtalwaysinvolves

（

）.

3.Humanresponsetostressis

（

）.

4.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthesectionisto

（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsincludedinthesectionmostdirectlysupportsthewriter’sviewthatstressitcontrollable?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stressisanimbalanceofinternalandexternaldemands.

B.controllingphysicalreactionsandthoughtsisaneffectivemeansofmanagingstress

C.relaxationisthekeytosuccessfulstressmanagement

D.stressmanagementrequiresaproblem-solvingapproach

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.consideringthesituationinalternativeviewpoints

B.visualizingyourselfmanagingthestress

C.relaxationtechniquestoemanatephysicalsymptoms

D.asenseofbeingoverwhelmedbythesituation

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.universal

B.variableaccordingtosex

C.unchanging

D.individual

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.explaintherelationshipbetweenstressandconflict

B.instructthereaderhowtocontrolstress

C.describerelaxationtechniques

D.persuadethereadertoreducestressthroughbreathing

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thingsdiminimportancewhenviewedinretrospect.

B.Stressisanimbalancebetweendemands.

C.Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflict,justastheyresponddifferentlytostress.

D.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。本文主要講了壓力管理，以及應(yīng)對(duì)壓力管理的兩種方式——身體反應(yīng)控制與思維控制。因此選B，控制身體反應(yīng)和思維是管理壓力的有效手段。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeviews.Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Yourmustalsokeepfromattachingexaggeratedimportancetoevents.（也就是說，你必須考慮其他觀點(diǎn)。你當(dāng)前的觀點(diǎn)是造成壓力的原因！你也必須避免過分重視這件事）因此選A，考慮替代觀點(diǎn)的情況。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponddifferentlytostress.（人們對(duì)沖突的反應(yīng)不同，正如他們對(duì)壓力的反應(yīng)也不同）可知選D，人類對(duì)壓力的反應(yīng)是個(gè)體的。

第4題:主旨大意題。由第一題以及文章大意，可知作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了介紹壓力管理的方法，因此選B。

第5題:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題干：以下哪一項(xiàng)包括在最直接支持作者的觀點(diǎn)的部分中，強(qiáng)調(diào)它是可控的？作者認(rèn)為壓力管理可以通過身體反應(yīng)控制與思維控制來進(jìn)行，因此D選項(xiàng)“成功的管理壓力需要思維的靈活性”符合題意。

17.單選題

Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn'tknowforsure?Thattheevidencewasinconclusive,thescienceuncertain?Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway?LotsofAmericansboughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.

Thereareupsettingparallelstoday,asscientistsinonewaveafteranothertrytoawakenustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.ThelatestwasapanelfromtheNationalAcademyofSciences,enlistedbytheWhiteHouse,totellusthattheearth'satmosphereisdefinitelywarmingandthattheproblemislargelyman-made.Theclearmessageisthatweshouldgetmovingtoprotectourselves.ThepresidentoftheNationalAcademy,BruceAlberts,addedthiskeypointintheprefacetothepanel'sreport:"Scienceneverhasalltheanswers.Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture,anditiscriticalthatournationandtheworldbaseimportantpoliciesonthebestjudgmentsthatsciencecanprovideconcerningthefutureconsequencesofpresentactions.”

Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceaboutglobalwarmingisincomplete,thatit'sOKtokeeppouringfumesintotheairuntilweknowforsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythetime100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybetoolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,aprudentpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.

Fortunately,theWhiteHouseisstartingtopayattention.Butit'sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident'sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarmingseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseofparalysisbyanalysis.

Toserveasresponsiblestewardsoftheplanet,wemustpressforwardondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearch.Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwon'ttakethelegislativeinitiative,congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.AbillbyDemocraticSenatorRobertByrdofWestVirginia,whichwouldofferfinancialincentivesforprivateindustry,isapromisingstart.Manyseethatthecountryisgettingreadytobuildlotsofnewpowerplantstomeetourenergyneeds.Ifweareevergoingtoprotecttheatmosphere,itiscrucialthatthosenewplantsbeenvironmentallysound.

1.Anargumentmadebysupportersofsmokingwasthat（

）.

2.AccordingtoBruceAlberts,sciencecanserveas

（

）.

3.Whatdoestheauthormeanby"paralysisbyanalysis"(Line3,Paragraph4)?

4.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldtheAdministrationdoaboutglobalwarming?

5.Theauthorassociatestheissueofglobalwarmingwiththatofsmokingbecause（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.therewasnoscientificevidenceofthecorrelationbetweensmokinganddeath

B.thenumberofearlydeathsofsmokersinthepastdecadeswasinsignificant

C.peoplehadthefreedomtochoosetheirownwayoflife

D.antismokingpeoplewereusuallytalkingnonsense

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.aprotector

B.ajudge

C.acritic

D.aguide

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Endlessstudieskillaction.

B.Carefulinvestigationrevealstruth.

C.Prudentplanninghindersprogress.

D.Extensiveresearchhelpsdecision-making.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Offeraidtobuildcleanerpowerplants

B.Raisepublicawarenessofconservation

C.Pressforfurtherscientificresearch

D.Takesomelegislativemeasures

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theybothsufferedfromthegovernment'snegligence

B.alessonfromthelatterisapplicabletotheformer

C.theoutcomeofthelatteraggravatestheformer

D.bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由文章第一段中smokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn'tknowforsure可知A選項(xiàng)說法過于絕對(duì)；由overthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves可知與B選項(xiàng)不符，死亡人數(shù)很多；由LotsofAmericansboughtthatnonsense可知與D選項(xiàng)不符，胡說八道的人是支持吸煙的人；采用排除法，因此選C。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture（但科學(xué)確實(shí)為我們提供了關(guān)于未來的最佳指南）可知選D。

第3題:詞義題。A選項(xiàng)意為“沒完沒了研究阻礙了行動(dòng)”；B選項(xiàng)意為“仔細(xì)的調(diào)查揭示了真相”；C選項(xiàng)意為“謹(jǐn)慎的規(guī)劃阻礙了進(jìn)展”；D選項(xiàng)意為“廣泛的研究幫助決策”。由文章第四段中Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseofparalysisbyanalysis.（他們沒有制定行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，而是繼續(xù)要求進(jìn)行更多的研究——典型的paralysisbyanalysis）可知A選項(xiàng)最符合句意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwon'ttakethelegislativeinitiative,congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.（但僅靠研究是不夠的。如果政府不采取立法行動(dòng)，國會(huì)應(yīng)該幫助制定保護(hù)措施）可知選D。

第5題:推理判斷題。文章第一段講了吸煙的危害以及人們的忽視造成的后果，第三段講了全球變暖就像之前的吸煙問題一樣，沒有得到人們的重視，一旦有百分之百的證據(jù)時(shí)，所造成的后果是很危險(xiǎn)的，因此B選項(xiàng)“后者的教訓(xùn)適用于前者”符合題意。

18.單選題

IftheAmericanswiththeirpeacetalksdogetthepartiestogether,theirfirstbusinesswillbetoarrangea（

）sothatfoodcanmove.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.truth

B.trace

C.truce

D.trap

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。truth意為“真理”；trace意為“痕跡，蹤跡”；truce意為“休戰(zhàn)”；trap意為“陷阱，詭計(jì)”。

句意：如果美國人的和平會(huì)談使政黨團(tuán)結(jié)，他們的第一要?jiǎng)?wù)是安排休戰(zhàn)，這樣食品才能運(yùn)輸。

19.單選題

Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisusedasanobject?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.doyouthinkhashappenedforher?

B.doyouthinkthevisitingprofessoris?

C.doyouthinkheearnseverymonth?

D.wouldyousayhewouldcome?

【答案】C

【解析】考查句子成分。題干：下面哪個(gè)斜體部分被用作賓語？

A選項(xiàng)what作主語；B選項(xiàng)who作表語；C選項(xiàng)howmuch作賓語；D選項(xiàng)howquickly作狀語。

20.單選題

Thegovernmentgaveavery（

）explanationofitsplansforindustrialdevelopment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.understanding

B.comprehensive

C.compulsory

D.sophisticated

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。understanding意為“善解人意的，富有同情心的”；comprehensive意為“詳盡的，綜合性的，全部的”；compulsory意為“必須做的，強(qiáng)制性的”；sophisticated意為“復(fù)雜的”。

句意：政府給出了一個(gè)對(duì)其工業(yè)發(fā)展計(jì)劃十分全面的解釋。

21.單選題

Intheatmosphere,carbondioxideactsratherlikeaone-waymirrorortheglassintheroofofagreenhousewhichallowsthesun'sraystoenterbutpreventstheheatfromescaping.

Accordingtoaweatherexpert'sprediction,theatmospherewillbe3°Cwarmerintheyear2050thanitistoday,ifmancontinuestoburnfuelsatthepresentrate.Ifthiswarming-uptookplace,theicecapsinthepoleswouldbegintomelt,thusraisingsealevelseveralmetresandseverelyfloodingcoastalcities.Also,theincreaseinatmospherictemperaturewouldleadtogreatchangesintheclimateofthenorthernhemisphere,possiblyresultinginanalterationoftheearth'schieffoodgrowingzones.

Inthepast,concernaboutaman-madewarmingoftheearthhasconcentratedontheArcticbecausetheAntarcticismuchcolderandhasamuchthickericesheet.ButtheweatherexpertsarenowpayingmoreattentiontoWestAntarctic,whichmaybeaffectedbyonlyafewdegreesofwarming,inotherwords,byawarmingonthescalethatwillpossiblytakeplaceinthenextfiftyyearsfromtheburningoffuels.

SatellitepicturesshowthatlargeareasofAntarcticicearealreadydisappearing.Theevidenceavailablesuggeststhatawarminghastakenplace.Thisfitsthetheorythatcarbondioxidewarmstheearth.

However,mostofthefuelisburntinthenorthernhemisphere,wheretemperaturesseemtobefalling.Scientistsconclude,therefore,thatuptonownaturalinfluencesontheweatherhavegonebeyondthosecausedbyman.Thequestionis:Whichnaturalcausehasmosteffectontheweather?

Onepossibilityisthevariablebehaviorofthesun.Astronomersatoneresearchstationhavestudiedthehotspotsand"cold"spots(thatis,therelativelylesshotspots)onthesun.Asthesunrotates,every27.5days,itpresentshotteror"colder"facestotheearth,anddifferentaspectstodifferentpartsoftheearth.Thisseemstohaveaconsiderableeffectonthedistributionoftheearth'satmosphericpressure,andconsequentlyonwindcirculation.Thesunisalsochangeableoveralongterm:itsheatoutputgoesupanddownincycles,thelatesttrendbeingdownward.

Scientistsarenowfindingsharedrelationsbetweenmodelsofsolarweatherinteractionsandtheactualclimateovermanythousandsofyears,includingthelastIceAge.TheproblemisthatthemodelsarepredictingthattheworldshouldbeenteringanewIceAgeanditisnot.Onewayofsolvingthistheoreticaldifficultyistoassumeadelayofthousandsofyearswhilethesolareffectsoverc