《最新英美概況》練習(xí)參考答案（本答案不包括練習(xí)中的開放性習(xí)題、思考題和討論題）====================================================PARTONETheUnitedKingdomChapterOneTheLandP.6IIChoosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.B2.BIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.F2.F3.F4.F5.TIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.2.Four.England,Scotland,WalesandIreland.3.Yes,itwas.4.No,itisn’t.5.The“BritishIsles”isagroupofislandsincludingGreatBritain,Ireland,theIsleofMan,theChannelIslands,ShetlandIslands,theIsleofWight,andmanyothersmallersurroundingislands.Therearetwocountrieslocatedontheislands:theUnitedKingdomandtheRepublicofP.10IIFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.England,Scotland,Ireland2.white,St.George,England,St.Andrew,Scotland,St.PatrickIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.T3.T4.T5.FIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.1801.2.BecausewhenthefirstversionoftheUnionFlagappearedWaleswasalreadyunitedwithEnglandandwasthereforerepresentedbytheflagofEngland.3.Australia,NewZealand,Tuvalu,Fiji.4.1922.P.12-13IIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.T3.F4.T5.TIIIAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.GodSavetheQueen.2.Therearefiveversesinthefullversionofthesongbutusuallyonlythefirstverseissungonofficialoccasions.3.It’sunknown.4.Itoriginatedinapatrioticsong,andfirstpubliclyperformedinLondonin1745.5.ItisplayedwhenevertheQueenmakesapublicappearance,andisplayedbytheBBCeverynightbeforeclosedown.P.16-17IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.7.83million,3002.England3.three4.19485.LondonIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.T3.F4.F5.FP.20IIIFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.theAtlanticOcean,theNorthSea2.NorthernIreland,Republic3.France4.theNorthSea,theIrishSea,theAtlanticOcean5.asixthIVDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.F2.F3.T4.F5.TVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.No.2.Itcoversabout245,000squarekilometersor94,600squaremiles.3.Itisabout1,000kilometers(600miles)long,andthewidestpartofBritainisabout480kilometers.4.IthasalandboundarywiththeRepublicofIreland5.Scotland.P.23-24IIFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.highland,lowland2.coastalareas,Scotland,Wales3.Severn,Thames4.Clyde5.TheDee6.Bann7.LoughNeagh,LowerLoughErneIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.T3.T4.FIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.ScotlandandWalesarethemostmountainouspartsoftheUK.2.94.3.It’sBenNevisinScotland,withaheightof1,344metres(4,409feet)abovesealevel.4.Scotland.5.Owingtoarelativelysmallisland,theUK’sriversarenotverylong.P.25IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.coal2.ironore3.tin4.thoseusedintheconstructionandbuildingindustriessuchassandandgravel,limestoneandgypsumIIAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.Theyarecoal,oil,naturalgas,ironore,tin,zinc,gold,chalk,salt,clay,limestone,gypsum,lead,silica,andsoon.2.Coal.3.Naturalgaswasdiscoveredin1965intheWestSoleareaoftheNorthSea.4.Oilwasdiscoveredin1970undertheNorthSea.5.Becausecoalcanbeproducedmorecheaplyinothercountries.6.Thetin-miningindustrieshavebeenhardhitbycompetitionfromcheaperoverseasproducers,andbychangesingovernmentpolicy.P.27IIFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.unique2.cool,mild3.32,about4.44.west,south5.averageannualtemperature,averagewinterrainfallIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.F3.F4.F5.FIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.SuchastatementhasbeenmadebecauseofthechangeabilityoftheweatherconditionsinBritainthatcanchangesomuchfromdaytoday,seasontoseason.2.Itcanbeashotas32°C(90°F),butmostlyitonlyreaches26°C.3.It’sabout4.4°C.4.Itoriginatedinapatrioticsong,andfirstpubliclyperformedinLondonin17455.TheyareprobablyMay,June,SeptemberandOctober.P.40IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.England,Guildhall,St.Paul’sCathedral,theTower2.second,AthensoftheNorth3.industrialized,theIndustrialRevolution,fastestgrowingcity4.theHouse’sParliament,thetwoHouse’sofParliament,BigBen5.WilliamtheConqueror,aroyalresidence,prisonofstate,JewelHouse6.atthefootofthebasaltcliffs,40,000massiveblackbasaltcolumnsIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.F2.T3.T4.T5.T6.FIIIAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.Manchester.ManchesterUnitedFCandManchester2.Liverpool.P.42-43IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.9,322.26,63.17,3,144.islandIIChoosethebestanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.D2.D3.AIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.F3.F4.F5.TIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.AnoverseasterritoryisunderBritishsovereigntybutdoesnotformpartoftheUKitself;acrowndependencyisalsoundersovereigntyoftheUKbuthasadifferentconstitutionalrelationship.2.Yes.ChapterTwoThePeopleandTheirCultureP.48IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.third,twenty-second2.80.05,77.95,82.253.medicaladvancesinthetreatmentofmanyillnessesanddiseases4.Scotland5.80percent6.England,3957.4,700IIAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.62,262,000.2.Thechiefreasonsare1)theincreaseinbirthsanddecreaseindeaths;2)theincreaseinnetinternationalmigrationtotheUK;and3)theincreaseinlifeexpectancy.3.Itis0.6percent.4.Itis2.6migrant(s)per1,000population.5.Itwas256peoplepersquarekilometer.P.49Fillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.Immigrationandmigrationfromothercountries%P.52-53IIFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.third,MandarinChineseandSpanish2.English3.thethreecountriesinBritainandNorthernIrelandinIreland,thefourcountriesthemselves4.Welsh,IrishGaelic,ScottishGaelic,Cornish5.secondIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.T3.F4.T5.FIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.Approximately375millionpeople.2.BesideEnglishtherearealsofourCelticlanguagesinuseintheUK,suchasWelsh,IrishGaelic,ScottishGaelicandCornish.3.BecauseoftheUSA’sdominanceofcinema,television,popularmusic,tradeandtechnology(includingtheInternet).4.Themajordifferencesareinphonology,phonetics,vocabulary,grammarandspelling.P.56-57IIFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.Christianity2.RomanCatholic3.Scotland4.RomanCatholic,thePresbyterianChurch5.immigration6.152,000IIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.F3.F4.T5.TIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.Christianity.2.QueenElizabethII.3.Yes,theyare.4.TheRomanCatholicChurch.5.TheRomanCatholicChurch.P.60-61IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.conservative2.theweather3.Troopingthecolour,ChangingoftheGuard4.FootGuard,HouseholdCavalry5.palaceIIChoosethebestanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.C2.C3.D4.D5.CIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.F3.T4.F5.FIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.Itistrue,itsconservatismhassomethingtodowiththefactthatBritainisanislandisolatedfromtheEuropeanContinentanditsweatherisfrequentlychanging.2.Itwasforthesoldierstorecognizetheirownregimentassoonaspossible.ItoftentakesplaceinLondonannuallyonthesecondSaturdayinJune.P.67-68IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.thedeathandhisresurrection2.exchanginggifts,decoratingChristmastrees,attendingchurch,sharingmealswithfamilyandfriends,waitingforFatherChristmastoarrive3.theseedoflife4.gotrick-or-treatingandcarvepumpkins5.slaveryIIChoosethebestanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.C2.C3.D4.C5.DIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.T3.T4.F5.FIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.ItcommemoratesallthosemenandwomenwhowerekilledduringthetwoWorldWarsandotherconflicts.2.Inthepast,huntingfoxwasapopularsportamongtheupperclasses.Nowhorsingracingandfootballarepopular.3.Fastingistodeveloppatienceandself-control,tolearnsympathyforthedeprived,tocleansethebodyandmind,togainappreciationforAllah'sbounty,todemonstratethedepthofone'scommitment,andtoprotectagainstsin.Thereare,then,threelevelsoftheRamadanfast:-Refrainingfromthephysicalthingsthatareforbidden(performedwiththemouth/stomach/sexualorgans).-Restrainingoneselffromsaying,hearingandlookingatforbiddenthings(performedwiththesenses).-Renewingone'sdevotiontoAllah(performedwiththeheartandmind).P.71-72IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.welfare,from-cradle-to-grave2.theNationalHealthService3.theretirementpension4.accidentalinjuryatwork,theconditions5.theBeveridgeReportIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.F3.T4.F5.FP.78IChoosethebestanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.C2.D3.D4.D(40改成47)5.CIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.F2.T3.T4.F5.FP.83IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.football2.ManchesterUnited,Arsenal,Liverpool3.Wimbledon,AustralianOpen,FrenchOpen,USOpen4.18,17,15.Formula1BritishGrandPrix,theWalesRallyGB,theFestivalofSpeedIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.T3.F4.T5.FIIIAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.Football,rugby,cricket,golf,tennis,hockey,etc.2.Watcherscanbetahorsetobethoughttowin.3.TheFootballAssociationChallengeCup(英格蘭足總杯).Itistheoldestfootballcompetitionintheworld,foundedin1872.It'sthecompetitionthatprovidestheopportunityforsmall,part-timeclubstopotentiallygoheadtoheadwiththebigclubsofthePremiership.P.88-89IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.freedomofthepress,conflicts,freedomofaccesstoinformation,theinterestsofthepublic,theprivacy,individual2.entertainment,publicopinion,political3.news,entertainment,sports4.theTimes,theGuardian,theDailyTelegraph,theFinancialTimes5.BBCOne,BBCTwo,ITV,ChannelFour,ChannelFiveIIChoosethebestanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.C2.A3.B4.B5.AIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.F2.T3.F4.F5.TIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.TheyarecentraltoBritishleisureculture.2.Becauseitcanbringbuyersandsellerstogether,providepeoplewiththeinteractiveplatforms,andpeoplecanuseittododigitalmarketing,e-commerce,management,etc.P.93-94IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.37,1542.evolutionary,naturalselection,TheOriginofSpecies,TheDescentofMan3.JamesCook4.IsaacNewton,CharlesDarwin,JamesCook,StephenHawking,WinstonChurchill,DianaSpencerIIAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.StephenHawkingisaBritishtheoreticalphysicistnotedforhisresearchintotheoriginoftheuniverse.Hisworkinfluencedthedevelopmentofthebigbangandblackholetheories.2.Hewasthe20thcentury'smostfamousandcelebratedPrimeMinisterwholedBritaintovictoryinWorldWarTwo.Heworkedtirelesslythroughoutthewar,buildingstrongrelationswithUSPresidentRooseveltwhilemaintainingasometimesdifficultalliancewiththeSovietUnion.ChapterThreeABriefHistoryoftheUnitedKingdomP.97-98IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.IceAge2.BeakerFolk3.TheCelts4.theIrish,theWelsh5.DruidismIIChoosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.C2.C3.AIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.T3.F4.T5.TIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.Between3000and2000BC2.ThreeWaves.ThefirstwavewastheGaelswhocamearound600BC;thesecondwavewastheBritonswhocamearound400BC,andthethirdwavewastheBelgaewhocamearound150BC.3.TheCelts,atallerandfairerracethanthepeoplewhohadcomebefore,begantoarriveinBritainatabout700BCandkeptcominguntilthearrivaloftheRomans.P.100-101IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.JuliusCaesar2.433.Boadica,Londinium4.410AD5.YorkIIChoosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.B2.D3.C4.CIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.F2.T3.T4.FIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.Between55and54BC.2.TheinvasionofBritishI3.Firstly,theresistanceoftheBritishpeoplewasstrong.Secondly,RomantroopswereoftenwithdrawnfromBritaintofightinotherpartsoftheRomanEmpire.4.400years.5.TheRomansalsomadegooduseofBritain’snaturalresources,mininglead,ironandtinandmanufacturingpottery,etc.P.104IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions. 1.TheJutes,SaxonsandAngles2.English3.Mercia,Offa’sDyke4.St.Augustine5.ArchbishopofCanterburyIIChoosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.A2.C3.BIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.F3.T4.TIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.Thesevenkingdomsare:Kent,Essex,Sussex,Wessex,EastAnglia,MerciaandNorthUmbria.2.ThenamesTuesday,Wednesday,ThursdayandFridayderivefromthenamesofthegodsofAnglo-Saxons’Teutonicreligion:Tiu,thegodofwar,Wooden,kingofheaven,Thor,thegodofstorms,andFreya,goddessofpeace.3.Firstly,theydividedthecountryintoshires,withshirecourtsandshirereeves,orsheriffs,responsibleforadministeringlaw.Secondly,theydevisedthenarrow-strip,three-fieldfarmingsysteminuseuptothe18thcentury.Thirdly,theyalsoestablishedthemanorialsystem.Finally,theycreatedtheWitantoadvisetheking,thebasisofthePrivyCouncilwhichstillexiststoday.P.106-107IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.Edward2.WilliamtheConqueror3.William(此題印刷有錯，需把句子中的William刪掉)IIChoosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.B2.D3.AIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.T3.F4.TIVAnswerthefollowingquestionEdwardwascalledEdwardtheConfessorashewasaveryreligiousmanandwouldoftengotochurchandconfesstosins.Thetitle"confessor"alsodistinguishedthisEdwardfromEdwardtheMartyr(c962-979).Edwardwaslatermadeasaint,duetohisbuildingofWestminsterAbbeyandeffortsinotherchurches.TheNormanConquestreplacedthelooselyorganizedAnglo-Saxonkingdomwithafeudalsystembasedonlandownershipbyahereditaryaristocracythatoweditsposition-andthereforelandsandloyalty-toastrongcentralauthoritywithahereditarysuccession.Inaddition,therewereotherchangessuchasinEnglishemigrationandNormanimmigration,women’srights,language,etc.Therearefour.TheyweretheKingofNorway,theDukeofNormandy,andtwobrothersofEdward’sQueen,namedEdith,andHaroldGodwinson.P.110-111IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.anEnglishcharter2.1337,14533.territorial,economic4.1348-1350IIChoosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.B2.C3.B4.CIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.F2.T3.T4.TIVAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.FeudalisminEnglandwasestablishedbyWilliamtheConquerorandtheNormansfollowingthedefeatoftheEnglishAngloSaxonsattheBattleofHastingsin1066.2.MagnaCartaisanEnglishcharter,originallyissuedbyKingJohnofEnglandatRunnymedeintheEnglishcountyofSurreyundercompulsionfromthechurchandhisbaronson15June1215.Thecharterwasreissuedlaterforseveraltimesinmodifiedversionswhichomittedcertaintemporaryprovisions,includingthemostdirectchallengestothemonarch'sauthority,whichhadahugeinfluenceonthedevelopinglegalsystemof3.TheHundredYears'Warwasaseriesofconflictswagedfrom1337to1453betweentheKingdomofEnglandandtheKingdomofFranceandtheirvariousalliesforcontroloftheFrenchthrone.ItwastheresultofadynasticdisagreementdatingbacktoWilliamtheConquerorwhobecameKingofEnglandin1066,whileremainingDukeofNormandy.AsdukesofNormandyandotherlandsonthecontinent,theEnglishkingsowedhomagetotheKingofFrance.In1337EdwardIIIofEnglandrefusedtopayhomagetoPhilipVIofFrance,leadingtheFrenchkingtoclaimconfiscationofEdward'slandsin4.Thewarwasinfactaseriesofseparatewarsandiscommonlydividedintothreephases.First,theEnglishwonagreatnavalvictoryatSluysin1340,thenanequallydecisivelandbattlenearCalaisatCrecyin1346.ThentheEnglishwentontotakeCalais;andin1356atPoitierstheywonanothervictoryovertheFrenchKingwhowastakenprisonerandheldtoransom.5.TheBlackDeathwasoneofthemostdevastatingepidemicdiseasesinhumanhistory,peakinginEuropebetween1348and1349,andkillingnearlyhalfofEurope’spopulation.Additionally,TheBlackDeathisthoughttohavestartedinAsia.ItthentravelledalongtheSilkRoadandreachedtheCrimeaby1346.Fromthere,itwasprobablycarriedbyOrientalratfleaslivingontheblackratsthatwereregularpassengersonmerchantships.Allinall,theplaguereducedtheworldpopulationfromanestimated450

milliontoanumberbetween350and375

millioninthe14thcentury.Moreover,theimpactoftheBlackDeathuponthefutureofEnglandwasgreaterthanuponanyotherEuropeancountry.TheBlackDeathhasbeenseenascreatingaseriesofreligious,socialandeconomicupheavalswhichchangedthefaceoftheEnglishsocietyinaprofoundway.P.115IFillintheblankswithproperwordsorexpressions.1.1642-1646,1647-16492.PuritanRevolution3.overthrew,foundation,beginning4.theGloriousRevolutionof16885.TheBillofRightsIIChoosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.C2.A3.D4.AIIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.T3.T4.FP.118IChoosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.C2.B3.A4.D5.CIIDecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE:1.T2.F3.T4.TIIIAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.TheIndustrialRevolutionwasthetransitiontonewmanufacturingprocessesthatoccurredintheperiodfromabout1760tosometimebetween1820and1840.Thistransitionincludedgoingfromhandproductionmethodstomachines,newchemicalmanufacturingandironproductionprocesses,improvedefficiencyofwaterpower,theincreasinguseofsteampoweranddevelopmentofmachinetools.Thetransitionalsoincludedthechangefromwoodandotherbio-fuelstocoal.TheIndustrialrevolutionbeganinEnglandandwithinafewdecadesspreadtoWesternEuropeandtheUnitedStates.2.Theaccumulationofcapital;thedevelopmentofcapitalistfarming;theappearanceofalabourreserve;andtheexpansionofmarkets,domesticandforeign.3.TheIndustrialRevolutionpromotedthedevelopmentofproduction.WithinashortperiodtheIndustrialRevolutiontookoverallindustriesinBritainandreplacedothersystemsofproduction.Anditimprovesthelivingstandards.Muchofthelaboringpopulation,previouslylargelyemployedinagriculture,movedtotheindustrialtownsandcities,wheretheywerehousedandemployedinoftenmiserableandsqualidconditions.Andetc.4.TheindustrialrevolutionwasaperiodinBritainfrommid-1700stothemid-1800sinwhichpower-drivenmachinesinfactoriesreplacedmanuallabor.Theindustrialrevolutionresultedfromadvancesinapp