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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-宿遷職業(yè)技術(shù)學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Icouldnotimaginethat(

)possible.

問題1選項

A.be

B.being

C.is

D.was

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我簡直不能想象那是有可能的。

語法題??疾樘厥馓摂M語氣。imagine之后的that引導的賓語從句需要用虛擬語氣:should+動詞原形,此時should可以省略。

2.單選題

Accordingtodoctors,ifonecan

thebottleandcigarettes,onecanusuallybemuchhealthier.

問題1選項

A.takeoff

B.keepoff

C.getoff

D.leaveoff

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。takeoff“起飛;離開”;keepoff“讓開;不接近”;getoff“動身”;leaveoff“停止”。句意:根據(jù)醫(yī)生的說法,如果一個人能遠離煙酒,他會更健康。選項B符合題意。

3.翻譯題

Thebodieswhoplaymajorprofessionalsportshavechangeddramaticallyovertheyears,andmanagershavebeenmorethanwillingtoadjustteamuniformstofitthegrowingnumbersofbigger,longerframes.

【答案】這些年來,從事主要職業(yè)運動的選手們身高發(fā)生了巨大的變化,所以經(jīng)理們很愿意調(diào)整隊服,使其能夠適合越來越多大體型的人。

4.單選題

Mr.Morgancanbeverysad(

),thoughinpublicheisextremelycheerful

問題1選項

A.inperson

B.inprivate

C.byhimself

D.asindividual

【答案】B

【解析】句意:盡管在公共場合非常高興,但是在私底下Morgan先生可能非常傷心。

考查短語辨析。inperson親自,本人;inprivate私底下;byhimself靠他自己;asindividual作為個人。因此B符合句意。

5.單選題

TheAmericanmilitarytribunalssetuptopassjudgmentonterrorismsuspectsatGuantanamoBaylurchedintolifethisweekwhenDavidHicks,the“AustralianTaliban”,unexpectedlypleadedguilty.ThePentagonwillberelievedthatthetribunalshavestartedtoshowresultsafterfiveyearsofcontroversyoverthestatusof“enemycombatants”,claimsoftorture,theadmissibilityofforcedconfessionsandaSupremeCourtrulinglastyearthathaltedanearlierversionofthetribunals.YettheHickscaseishardlyanimpressivestartforAmerica’soffshorejustice.Criticssaythe31-year-oldMr.Hicks,aformerkangarooskinnerandallegedal-Qaedafighter,facesa“kangaroocourt”.TwoofhiscivilianlawyerswerebarredfromthehearingonMarch26th.Hismilitarylawyer,MajorMichaelMori,hasbeenthreatenedwithprosecutionforharshlycriticizingthetribunals.

Theprosecutor,ColonelMorrisDavis,saidthedefencelawyermayhavebreachedmilitarylawthatbansofficersfromusing“contemptuouswords”againstthepresidentorseniorofficials.MajorMorifiledacounter-chargeagainsttheprosecution,sayingittryingtointimidatehim.IntheendthemotionwillnotbeheardbecauseMr.Hicks,lookingpaleandbedraggled,admittedthechargeof“providingmaterialsupportforterrorism”.Achargeof“attemptedmurderinviolationofthelawsofwar”wasdropped.AsTheEconomistwenttopress,thetribunalwasduetoheardetailsofhispleaandpasssentence,whichMr.HicksisexpectedtoserveoutinAustralia.Hisfather,TerryHicks,saidhissonhadhad“fiveyearsofabsolutehell”sincebeingcapturedinAfghanistanandallegedlysufferingbeatings,rapeandforcedinjectionsinAmericancustody—accusationsrejectedbythePentagon.Theguiltypleawasjust“awaytogethome”,saidMr.Hicks’sfather.

ManyinAustraliaregardMr.Hicksasmoreofalostsoulthanadangerousterrorist.Indeed,hischargesheetportrayshimaslittlemorethananal-Qaedafoot-soldier,andapooroneatthat.HisjihadiCVispitifulcomparedwiththeevidencebeinggivenbysomeofthe14“highvaluedetainees”belatedlybroughttoGuantánamofromCIAsecretprisonsinSeptember.Theyincludeal-Qaeda’soperationalchief,KhalidSheikhMohammed,whoinaclosedhearingtodeterminewhetherhewasan“enemycombatant”earlierthismonthboastedthathehadorganizedtheSeptember11thattacks“fromAtoZ”,and30otherplots.Meanwhile,AhmedGhalfanGhailaniandWaleedbinAtttash,fromTanzaniaandYemenrespectively,haveadmittedsupplyingequipmentforthebombingoftheAmericanembassiesinKenyaandTanzaniain1998.

Manyofthesebignameswillfacetrial,andperhapsthedeathpenalty.Butthetribunalsareexpectedtotryonly60-80ofthemorethan380prisonerscurrentlyinGuantanamo.Overtheyearshundredsofdetaineeshavebeensentbacktotheircountries,wheresomehavebeenjailedandmosthavebeenreleased—andsometimesre-arrested.TheBushAdministrationsaysitwantstophaseoutandeventuallyclosethejail.Butitisunlikelytodosoforsomeyearseitherbecauseitlackstheevidencetoprosecutedetainees(evenunderthemorelaxmilitaryrulesitisusing),orbecauseothercountriesareunwillingtotakethemback.

46.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoillustratewiththeHickscase?

47.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?

48.Whatdoes“kangaroocourt”(Line8,Paragraph1)mean?

49.Thefourthparagraphsuggeststhat____.

50.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項

A.ThecaseisnotencouraginginpromotingAmerica’sjusticeoutsidethecountry.

B.ThePentagonisfinallybeginningtoworkeffectivelytotrythedetaineesofitsanti-terroristwar.

C.Thedetaineesarenotsupposedtohavecivilianlawyers,whileonlymilitarylawyersareallowed.

D.ThefactthatthePentagonhasbeeninvolvedinaseriesofcontroversiesleadstothepublicattentionoftheHickscase.

問題2選項

A.Hicks’smilitarylawyerwasalsosuedbytheprosecutor.

B.ThereasonthatMr.Hickspleadedguiltywastoescapefromthebadtreatment.

C.Mr.Hickshasadmittedguiltyofbothchargesbytheprosecutor.

D.ThePentagonisunawareoftheaccusationtowardtheAmericancustody.

問題3選項

A.acourtdealingwithkangaroosmuggle

B.aweirdcourt

C.amilitarycourt

D.anunfaircourt

問題4選項

A.thegovernmentistoooptimisticinclosingthejail

B.thejailinGuantánamoBaywillbeclosedinthenearfuture

C.thetribunalswilleventuallytryallthedetainees

D.allthedetaineeswillbesentbacktotheirowncountries

問題5選項

A.ThewholepassageispermeatedbyanironictonetowardsthesayingthattheHickscaseshowcasesAmerica’sjustice.

B.KhalidSheikhMohammedischargedofhisorganizationoftheentireeventoftheSeptember11attach.

C.Mostdetaineeswillfaceseveretrailsandsentenceswhentheyaresentbacktotheirhomecountries.

D.AustraliansregardMr.Hicksasaherosinceheisabignameintheal-Qaedaorganization.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】46.目的意圖題。題干“作者想用Hicks的案例說明什么?”對于Hicks案件切入,本文說美國軍事法庭開始了對Guantánamo灣監(jiān)獄恐怖主義嫌疑人的審判,一邊借Hicks父親之口說Hicks是為了逃避虐待才承認的,并在第3段寫了澳大利亞人認為他并不是真正的危險的恐怖主義分子。原文第1段第3句YettheHickscaseishardlyanimpressivestartforAmerica’soffshorejustice.(然而,對于美國的離岸司法來說,Hicks案并不是一個令人贊美的開始。)由此可以看出,作者借他人之口表達了對美國Guantánamo灣監(jiān)獄司法性的懷疑態(tài)度。A選項“這一案件不鼓勵在國外推廣美國的法律”表述正確。B選項“五角大樓終于開始有效地審判反恐戰(zhàn)爭中的在押人員”,并不是作者的目的,排除;C選項“被拘留者不應該有民事律師,只有軍事律師被允許”,題目問的是作者的意圖,而選項描述的是案件的細節(jié),不符合題意,排除;D選項“由于五角大樓卷入了一系列爭議,Hicks事件引起了公眾的關(guān)注”,原文并未提及公眾關(guān)注的問題,排除。因此,本題最佳選項為A。

47.判斷推理題。題干“我們能從第二段推斷出什么”,定位到原文第2段。A選項“Hicks的軍事律師也被檢察官起訴”,可定位到第1段最后一句Hismilitarylawyer,MajorMichaelMori,hasbeenthreatenedwithprosecutionforharshlycriticizingthetribunals.(他的軍事律師邁克爾?莫里少校因嚴厲批評法庭而受到起訴的威脅。)由此可知,他的軍事律師只是受到起訴的威脅,并不是已經(jīng)被起訴。另外,這是第1段的內(nèi)容,不符合題意,排除。B選項“Hicks認罪的原因是為了逃避虐待”,可定位到的2段最后兩句Hisfather,TerryHicks,saidhissonhadhad“fiveyearsofabsolutehell”…andallegedlysufferingbeatings,rapeandforcedinjectionsinAmericancustody—accusationsrejectedbythePentagon.Theguiltypleawasjust“awaytogethome”,saidMr.Hicks’sfather.(Hicks的父親TerryHicks說,他的兒子“經(jīng)歷了五年地獄般的生活”……據(jù)稱在美國拘留期間遭受毆打、強奸和強制注射——五角大樓否認了這些指控。??怂沟母赣H說,認罪只是“回家的一種方式”。)由父親的話可知,Hicks在監(jiān)獄受到了虐待,他認罪只是為了逃避虐待回家。選項表述正確。C選項“Hicks承認了檢察官提出的兩項指控”,表述不正確,他不是真的承認指控,只是屈打成招,排除;D選項“五角大樓不知道對美國拘留的指控”表述錯誤,五角大樓不是不知道,而是否認了這些指控,排除。因此,本題最佳選項為B。

48.詞義推測題。題干“kangaroocourt”可定位到第1段倒數(shù)第2句Criticssaythe31-year-oldMr.Hicks,aformerkangarooskinnerandallegedal-Qaedafighter,facesa“kangaroocourt”.(批評人士稱,31歲的??怂故且幻按笃じ锷倘耍恢缚貫榛亟M織戰(zhàn)士,他面臨著一個“袋鼠法庭”(不公正的法庭)。)本文主要是圍繞美國軍事法庭Hicks的案件展開的,并不涉及“袋鼠”的問題,由此可知“袋鼠法庭”是一種比喻。根據(jù)第1段第1句中TheAmericanmilitarytribunals“美國軍事法庭”以及最后一段Hismilitarylawyer“他的軍事律師”推斷,這種“袋鼠法庭”應該是一種“軍事法庭”,C選項“一種軍事法庭”符合語境。A選項“處理袋鼠走私案件的法庭”、B選項“一種奇怪的法庭”、D選項“一種不公平的法庭”,沒有原文依據(jù)。因此,本題最佳選項為C。

49.判斷推理題。題干“第4段表明____”可定位到原文第4段。A、B、D選項可定位到第4段最后兩句TheBushAdministrationsaysitwantstophaseoutandeventuallyclosethejail.Butitisunlikelytodosoforsomeyearseitherbecauseitlackstheevidencetoprosecutedetainees(evenunderthemorelaxmilitaryrulesitisusing),orbecauseothercountriesareunwillingtotakethemback.(布什政府表示,希望逐步淘汰并最終關(guān)閉該監(jiān)獄。但由于缺乏起訴被拘留者的證據(jù)(即使是在其使用的更為寬松的軍事法規(guī)下),或者其他國家不愿意遣返被拘留者,美國在未來幾年不太可能這樣做。)由此可知,布什政府對關(guān)閉監(jiān)獄非常樂觀,但是現(xiàn)實卻不那么順利。A選項“政府對關(guān)閉監(jiān)獄過于樂觀”表述正確。B選項“Guantánamo灣的監(jiān)獄將在不久的將來關(guān)閉”表述錯誤,由于種種原因,美國在未來幾年內(nèi)都不可能關(guān)閉這個監(jiān)獄,排除;D選項“所有被拘留者將被遣送回他們自己的國家”表述錯誤,有些國家不愿意拘留者被遣返,排除;C選項“法庭最終將審判所有被拘留者”,可定位到本段第2句Butthetribunalsareexpectedtotryonly60-80ofthemorethan380prisonerscurrentlyinGuantanamo.(但是,預計法庭只會審判目前關(guān)押在關(guān)塔那摩的380多名囚犯中的60-80人。)由此可知,并不是所有的被拘留者都會受到審判,選項表述錯誤,排除。因此,本題最佳選項為A。

50.判斷推理題。題干“根據(jù)文章,下列哪一項是對的”A選項“整篇文章都彌漫著一種諷刺的語氣闡述Hicks一案體現(xiàn)了美國的正義?!北疚囊贿厪腍icks案件切入,說美國地軍事法庭開始了對Guantánamo灣監(jiān)獄恐怖主義嫌疑人的審判,一邊借Hicks父親之口說Hicks是為了逃避虐待才承認的,并在第3段寫了澳大利亞人對Hicks的看法,認為他并不是真正的危險的恐怖主義分子,而且大多數(shù)被遣返的人回國都被釋放了。兩者形成明顯反差,由此可知,作者對這個監(jiān)獄的態(tài)度不是肯定的,對這個案件所體現(xiàn)的美國正義性的態(tài)度存在懷疑,選項表述符合原文。B選項“KhalidSheikhMohammed被指控組織了整個911事件”,可定位到原文第3段第4句...KhalidSheikhMohammed…boastedthathehadorganizedtheSeptember11thattacks“fromAtoZ”(……KhalidSheikhMohammed吹噓他“從頭到尾”組織了911襲擊)。由此可知,他是否真正組織了911事件尚未可知,他只是自己吹噓而已,選項說他被指控表述不正確,排除;C選項“大多數(shù)被拘留者在被遣返回國后將面臨嚴厲的審判和判刑”,可定位到原文第4段第3句Overtheyearshundredsofdetaineeshavebeensentbacktotheircountries,wheresomehavebeenjailedandmosthavebeenreleased—andsometimesre-arrested.(多年來,數(shù)百名被拘留者被送回了他們的國家,其中一些人被監(jiān)禁,大多數(shù)人被釋放,有時再次被捕。)由此可知,大多數(shù)被遣返者都被釋放了,選項表述錯誤,排除;D選項“澳大利亞人視Hicks為英雄,因為他是基地組織的大人物”,可定位到原文第3段第1句ManyinAustraliaregardMr.Hicksasmoreofalostsoulthanadangerousterrorist.(在澳大利亞,許多人認為希克斯先生更像是一個迷失靈魂的人,而不是一個危險的恐怖分子。)由此可知,大多數(shù)澳大利亞人認為他只是迷失了,并沒有說他是一個大人物,選項表述錯誤,排除。因此,本題最佳選項為A。

6.單選題

Whatyousaynowisnot(

)withwhatyousaidlastweek.

問題1選項

A.persistent

B.insistent

C.permanent

D.consistent

【答案】D

【解析】句意:你現(xiàn)在說的話與你上星期說過的話不一致。

考查形容詞辨析。Persistent堅持的,固執(zhí)的;insistent堅持的,迫切的;permanent永久的,持久的;consistent始終如一的,持續(xù)的。因此D符合句意。

7.單選題

Frank’sremarkthathewas“slightlybruised”intheaccidentisa/an______;hesufferedtwofracturedribs.

問題1選項

A.synecdoche

B.metonymy

C.understatement

D.personification

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項synecdoche“提喻法”,B項metonymy“轉(zhuǎn)喻”,C項understatement“保守的陳述,不充分的陳述”,D項personification“人格化,化身,擬人法”。根據(jù)hesufferedtwofracturedribs“他兩根肋骨骨折”可知,F(xiàn)rank’sremarkthathewas“slightlybruised”intheaccidentisa/an______表示的是“弗蘭克說他在事故中有輕微擦傷只是保守的陳述”。句意:弗蘭克說他在事故中有“輕微瘀傷”是輕描淡寫的;他兩根肋骨骨折。因此,該題選擇C項正確。

8.單選題

Thehumangenesequencewillallowresearcherstomakerapidprogressinunderstandingtherelationshipbetweengenesandbehavior.Thefindingthatwehavefarfewergenesthanexpectedsuggeststhatenvironmentalinfluencesplayagreaterroleinourdevelopmentthanwaspreviouslythought.

Understandinghowarelativelysmallnumberofgenestranslateintotheincrediblecomplexityofahumanbeingwillbeoneofthechallengesofthefuture."Wenowhavethelistofpartsofthehumanbody,"saidMr.JohnSulston,whospearheadedUKeffortstocrackthehumancode."Nowwehavetofindoutwhatthepartsare,wehavetofindouthowallthepartsinteractandwehavetoprobablydosomeverysophisticatedthingstounderstandhowthecontrolofthoseinteractionsgoesforwardtoactuallybuildourbodies."

Researchersarepredictingthedatawillunlocksomeofthesecretsofhowgenesinfluencebehavior.Buttheywarnagainstheadline-makingclaimsthatgivengenescanbethecaseofcrime,homosexualityorevensportingbrilliance.DrCraigVenter,theleaderofprivateefforttodecodethehumangenome,saidgeneticdeterminism,theideathatapersoniscontrolledbyhisgeneswasafallacy."Therearetwofallaciestobeavoided,"DrVenter'steamwritesinthejournalScience."Determinism,theideathatallcharacteristicsofapersonare'hard-wired'bythegenome;andreductionism,thatnowthehumansequenceiscompletelyknown,itisjustamatteroftimebeforeourunderstandingofgenefunctionsandinteractionswillprovideacompletecausaldescriptionofhumanvariability.

Oneimplicationofthework,saidDrVenter,wastocalmfearsabouthumancloning.“Tryingtocloneapersontogainimmoralitywouldbepointlessventure”,hesaid.Dr,Ventersaid,"Thiswholedebateaboutthecloningismuchadoaboutnothingbecausewhileyoumaybeableto,aswithtwins,havesomeonewholookssimilartoyou,thechancesofthemhavingthesamepersonalityandthesameoutcomeinlifeisclosetozero.That'swhyyoucannothaveXeroxcopiesofpeople;youcannothaveclonesofpeoplethatwillbethesame."

Oneareawherethestudyofgenesisexpectedtohaveanimpactisinidentifyingmentaldisorderswithgeneticroots,perhapsreducingthestigmaofconditionssuchasdepressionorschizophrenia.Researchersarealsoclosinginonstretchesofgeneticcodethatmaymakeanindividualmorevulnerabletodevelopingdrugoralcoholaddiction.

1.Followingthefindingthatwehavefewergenes,furtherresearchmaybeconductedinto().

2.The"listofpartsofhumanbody"(inthesecondparagraph)actuallyrefersto().

3.Thebeliefofreductionismmightbethat().

4.Thereasonwhywedon'thavetoworryabouthumancloningisthat().

5.Asalikelyresultofgeneresearchdescribedinthepassage,().

問題1選項

A.howthehumangeneticsequencesinfluencetherelationshipbetweengenesandbehavior

B.whyenvironmentalinfluenceplaysagreaterroleinourgrowth

C.whyinheritanceplaysalesserroleinshapingourdestiny

D.howthegenesarecombinedtocreateincrediblecomplexityofhumanbeing

問題2選項

A.thehumanlimbs

B.thehumanorgans

C.thehumanlimbsandorgans

D.thetotalnumberofgenes

問題3選項

A.humandiversitycanbeunderstoodbylookingatgenefunctionsandinteractions

B.ittakesalongtimeforustounderstandgenefunctionsandinteractions

C.itisfalsebeliefthatapersoniscontrolledcompletelybyhisgenes

D.byrearranginghumangeneticsequencenewbeingscanbecreatedatwill

問題4選項

A.thetechniqueisdoomedfromtheverybeginning

B.nopersonwhowillliveforevercanbecreated

C.noindividualhumanexperiencecanbeduplicated

D.nopersonofidenticalappearancecanbecopied

問題5選項

A.drugprohibitionlawswillbeabolishedsomeday

B.thecaseofmentaldisorderwillbereduced

C.humanpersonalitycanbesimulatedoraltered

D.idealhumanbeingscanbecreatedbyrearrangingthegenes

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題干問的是:在“我們有少量的基因”這一發(fā)現(xiàn)之后,進一步的研究會進入什么方面?第二段首句指出:Understandinghowarelativelysmallnumberofgenestranslatedintotheincrediblecomplexityofahumanbeingwillbeoneofthechallengesofthefuture(弄清楚如此少量的基因是如何轉(zhuǎn)變成人類的不可思議的復雜性,這個問題將成為將來的一個挑戰(zhàn))。因此選D項“基因是如何結(jié)合來創(chuàng)造人類不可思議的復雜性的”。

2.語義題。"listofpartsofhumanbody(身體的零件目錄)"后面句子對其做出了解釋:"Nowwehavetofindoutwhatthepartsare,wehavetofindouthowallthepartsinteractandwehavetoprobablydosomeverysophisticatedthingstounderstandhowthecontrolofthoseinteractionsgoesforwardtoactuallybuildourbodies."(現(xiàn)在我們必須找出這些部件是什么,是如何相互作用的,我們可能必須做一些非常復雜的事情來理解如何控制這些相互作用,從而真正地建立我們的身體)。由此推測,“零件目錄”指人類身體中的基因列表。故選D。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞reductionism定位至第二段:reductionism,that…,itisjustamatteroftimebeforeourunderstandingofgenefunctionsandinteractionswillprovideacompletecausaldescriptionofhumanvariability(簡化論是指:現(xiàn)在人類基因排序完全被了解。我們弄清楚基因的功能,以及基因的相互作用提供人類多變性的完整因果描述,這都只是時間問題),因此A項“通過觀察基因功能和基因的互相影響,可以理解人類的多樣性”符合原文所述。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞cloning定位至第四段:Thiswholedebateaboutthecloningismuchadoaboutnothingbecausewhileyoumaybeableto,…,thechancesofthemhavingthesamepersonalityandthesameoutcomeinlifeisclosetozero(關(guān)于克隆的整個爭論都是小題大做,因為雖然你可能如同雙胞胎一樣,會有一個看起來很像的人,但是,在生活中,擁有相同的性格和相同的結(jié)果的幾率幾乎是零),故選C“個體的實際經(jīng)歷是不能復制的”。

5.細節(jié)事實題。題干問的是:文章所描述的基因研究的一個可能性結(jié)果是什么?第五段指出:Oneareawherethestudyofgenesisexpectedtohaveanimpactisinidentifyingmentaldisorderswithgeneticroots,perhapsreducingthestigmaofconditionssuchasdepressionorschizophrenia(人們希望基因研究領(lǐng)域能對確認精祌疾病的遺傳根源有所影響,以此來減少抑郁和精祌分裂這些疾病的狀況),故選B“精祌疾病的案例會減少”。

9.單選題

Thegovernmenthaslicensedthiscompanytoproduceweapons.

問題1選項

A.suddenlyhired

B.recentlyfounded

C.legallypermitted

D.scarcelypurchased

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞和動詞辨析。A選項suddenlyhired“突然雇傭”;B選項recentlyfounded“最近發(fā)現(xiàn)”;C選項legallypermitted“法律上允許”;D選項scarcelypurchased“很少購買”。句意:政府已經(jīng)批準這家公司生產(chǎn)武器。劃線部分licensed是批準的意思。因此C選項正確。

10.單選題

Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling.Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon“persuasivesalesmanship”tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.Suchproductionandsellingfocusesontheneedsofthesellertoproducegoodsandthenconvertthemintomoney.

Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept,whichsimplymeansthatinsteadoftryingtosellwhateveriseasiesttoproduceorbuyforresale,themakersanddealersfirstendeavortofindoutwhattheconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingitavailableforpurchase.

Theconceptdoesnotimplythatbusinessisbenevolentorthatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinesstransaction—thefirmandthecustomer—andeachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs.Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandcateringtocustomers.Astrikingexampleoftheimportanceofcateringtotheconsumerpresenteditselfinmid-1985,whenCocaColachangedtheflavorofitsdrink.Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenew.KingCustomerruled!

1.Themarketingconceptdiscussedinthepassageis,inessence,______.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.Accordingtothepassage,“tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible”(para.1)means______.

4.WhatdoestherestorationoftheClassicCokebestillustrate?

5.Indiscussingthemarketconcept,theauthorfocuseson______.

問題1選項

A.thepracticeofturninggoodsintomoney

B.makinggoodsavailableforpurchase

C.thecustomer-centeredapproach

D.aformofpersuasivesalesmanship

問題2選項

A.Mostindustriestodayconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods.

B.Companiestodayfocusonthepreferencesofthedealers.

C.Companiesputtheconsumerinterestabovetheirowninterest.

D.Analysisoftheconsumerinterestdoesgoodtothecompanies.

問題3選項

A.tosellthelargestpossibleamountofgoods

B.totransportgoodsasefficientlyaspossible

C.todisposethesegoodsinlargequantities

D.toredesignthesegoodsforlarge-scaleproduction

問題4選項

A.Traditionalgoodshaveastrongerappealtothemajorityofpeople.

B.Ittakestimeforanewproducttobeacceptedbythepublic.

C.Consumerswithconservativetasteareoftendifficulttoplease.

D.Productsmustbedesignedtosuitthetasteofconsumer.

問題5選項

A.itsmaincharacteristic

B.itssocialimpact

C.itspossibleconsequence

D.itstheoreticalbasis

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept(市場營銷注重顧客的需求。它首先分析顧客的喜好和需求,然后再生產(chǎn)出他們滿意的商品。這種著眼于顧客的銷售方式就是人們所說的市場營銷),說明市場營銷是以顧客為中心的銷售方式。因此C選項“一種以客戶為中心的方法”正確。A選項“把產(chǎn)品變成金錢的一種做法”,D選項“銷售人員說服勸導的一種方式”是傳統(tǒng)銷售的方式,所以A,D錯誤。B選項“根據(jù)人們的購買需求生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品”,由原文可知,這只是市場營銷的一個步驟,而不是其本質(zhì),所以B錯誤。

2.客觀細節(jié)題。A選項“當今大多數(shù)行業(yè)主要集中在商品的有效生產(chǎn)上”,由原文Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods(就在幾年前,大多數(shù)行業(yè)主要專注于產(chǎn)品的高效生產(chǎn))可知,這是幾年前傳統(tǒng)銷售的做法,所以A錯誤。B選項“今天的公司關(guān)注經(jīng)銷商的喜好”,由原文themakersanddealersfirstendeavortofindoutwhattheconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingitavailableforpurchase.(制造商和經(jīng)銷商首先要努力找出消費者想要購買的東西,然后再去生產(chǎn)提供購買。)可知,如今的公司更關(guān)注消費者的喜好,所以B錯誤。C選項“公司把消費者的利益放在自己的利益之上”,由原文Theconceptdoesnotimplythatbusinessisbenevolentorthatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.(這個概念并不意味著商業(yè)是仁慈的,或者消費者的滿意度優(yōu)先于公司的利潤。)可知,公司還是將自己的利益放在首位,所以C錯誤。D選項“對消費者興趣的分析對公司有好處”,由原文Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandcateringtocustomers.(然而,成功的商人和生產(chǎn)者認識到,最可靠的盈利途徑是通過了解和迎合消費者。)可知,迎合消費者的興趣有利于公司盈利,D選項符合原文,所以本題選D。

3.語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible”可以定位到文章第一段第二句Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon“persuasivesalesmanship”tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.(就在幾年前,大多數(shù)行業(yè)主要專注于產(chǎn)品的高效生產(chǎn),然后依靠“有說服力的銷售技巧”來盡可能多地銷售這些產(chǎn)品。),說明“tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible”在文中是指“盡可能多地銷售產(chǎn)品”的意思。因此A選項“盡可能多地銷售產(chǎn)品”正確。B選項“盡可能高效地運輸產(chǎn)品”,C選項“大批量地處理這些產(chǎn)品”,D選項“重新設計這些產(chǎn)品以便于可以大規(guī)模制造”均不符合題意,所以B,C,D錯誤。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第三句Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandcateringtocustomers.(然而,成功的商人和生產(chǎn)者認識到,最可靠的盈利途徑是通過了解和迎合消費者。),接著舉了可口可樂公司重新恢復經(jīng)典口味可樂的例子,說明恢復經(jīng)典配方是為了迎合顧客的口味。因此D選項“商品的設計應該貼合消費者的口味”正確。A選項“傳統(tǒng)型產(chǎn)品對于大多數(shù)人來說有著更強的吸引力”,B選項“一種新的產(chǎn)品為公眾所接受是需要時間的”,C選項“那些口味保守的消費者最難取悅”在文中均沒有提及,所以A,B,C錯誤。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文可知,作者旨在向讀者介紹市場營銷這一概念的基本特征,即根據(jù)顧客的需求組織生產(chǎn),并通過講述可口可樂公司恢復原配方這一讓人印象深刻的例子強化了讀者對其基本特征的了解。因此A選項“其主要特點”正確。B選項“其社會影響”,C選項“其可能帶來的后果”,D選項“其理論基礎(chǔ)”在文中均沒有提及,所以B,C,D錯誤。

11.單選題

Amplifierssuchasthoseincomputersandsoundreproducingsystemsareresponsiblefor______anerraticinputsignal.

問題1選項

A.strengthening

B.tostrengthen

C.strengthen

D.beingstrengthened

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞賓語。介詞for后應接名詞性成份。A是動名詞,可作介詞賓語。D是其被動形式,與句意不合;C、D為動詞形式。句意:計算機和音響系統(tǒng)中的放大器是用來強化輸入的不穩(wěn)定信號。因此只有A項正確。

12.單選題

Thereissupposedtobeasafety______whichmakesitimpossiblefortrainstocollide.

問題1選項

A.appliance

B.accessory

C.machine

D.mechanism

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項appliance“器具,器械”,B項accessory“配件,附件”,C項machine“機械,機器”,D項mechanism“機制,原理”。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處應該填入一個名詞作which定語從句的先行詞,在從句中充當主語,根據(jù)從句的內(nèi)容“使火車不可能相撞”可推斷,空格處填入mechanism“機制”符合語境。句意:應該有一種安全機制使火車不可能相撞。因此,該題選擇D項正確。

13.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是20世紀最重大的科技發(fā)明之一,將深刻地影響人類社會文明進程。目前,全世界網(wǎng)民數(shù)量達到30億,普及率達到40%,全球范圍內(nèi)實現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)絡互聯(lián)、信息互通,世界真正變成了地球村。本次大會回應了國際社會的關(guān)切,對于推動全球互聯(lián)網(wǎng)均衡、安全、可持續(xù)發(fā)展,更好發(fā)揮互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在世界經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展中的重要作用,促進各國人民共享互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展成果,增進人類福祉,具有十分重要的意義。

【答案】TheInternet,oneofthemostimportantscientificandtechnologicalinventionsofthe20thcentury,willhaveaprofoundimpactontheprogressofhumancivilization.Atpresent,thenumberofInternetusersaroundtheworldhasreached3billion,andtheInternetpopularityratehasreached40%.Internetconnectivityandinformationexchangehavebeenachievedaroundtheworldandtheworldhastrulybecomeaglobalvillage.Thisconferencerespondstotheconcernsoftheinternationalcommunityandisofgreatsignificanceforpromotingthebalance,secureandsustainabledevelopmentoftheglobalInternet,givingfullplaytotheimportantroleoftheInternetintheworld’seconomicandsocialdevelopment,enablingpeopleofallcountriestosharethefruitsofInternetdevelopmentandimprovingthewell-beingofmankind.

14.單選題

An“obviousandstrikingfeatureofthelatetwentiethcenturyworld,”notesSallyPriceinherbookPrimitiveArtinCivilizedPlaces,istheaccessibilityofitsdiverseculturestothosewhoenjoymembershipinWesternsociety.”Westernerscantravelwithrelativeeasetoeventheremotestcomersofhumancivilizationorstayathomeandwatchexoticimagesofworlddiversityonthetelevisionandmoviescreen.

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