書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Businessisimprovingbutmuchmorehardworkandcommonsensewillbe_______beforeanysubstantialprofitscanberealized.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.putupwith

B.calledfor

C.takenup

D.gonethrough

【答案】B

【解析】putupwith容忍;calledfor需要,要求;takenup拿起,占據(jù),開(kāi)始從事;gonethrough經(jīng)歷。句意：生意正在好轉(zhuǎn),但要想獲得可觀的利潤(rùn),還需要做更多的工作和了解更多的常識(shí)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

2.翻譯題

天空還是一片淺藍(lán)，顏色很淡。轉(zhuǎn)眼間天邊出現(xiàn)了一道紅霞，慢慢地在擴(kuò)大它的范圍，加強(qiáng)它的亮點(diǎn)。我知道太陽(yáng)要從天邊升起來(lái)了，便目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地望著那里。

果然，過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，在那個(gè)地方出現(xiàn)了太陽(yáng)的小半邊臉，紅是真紅，卻沒(méi)有亮光。這個(gè)太陽(yáng)好像負(fù)著重荷似的一步一步、慢慢地努力上升，到了最后，終于沖破了云霞，完全跳出了海面，顏色紅得非?？蓯?ài)。一剎那間，這個(gè)深紅的圓東西，忽然發(fā)出了奪目的亮光，射得人眼睛發(fā)痛，它旁邊的云片也突然有了光彩。有時(shí)太陽(yáng)走進(jìn)云層里，它的光線卻從云里射下來(lái)，直射到水面上。這時(shí)候，要分辨出哪里是水，哪里是天，倒也不容易，因?yàn)槲揖椭豢匆?jiàn)一片燦爛的亮光。

【答案】Theskywasstilllightblue,andthecolorispale.Allatoncearedglowappearedonthehorizon,slowlyexpandingitsscopeandintensifyingitsbrightness.Iknewthesunwasabouttoriseinthesky,soIkeptmyeyesfixedonit.

Asexpected,thesunappearedsoonshowinghalfofhisface,whichisveryredbutnotbright.

Itkeptrisinglaboriouslybitbybitasifweighteddownwithaheavyburdenonitsback.Finallyitbrokethroughtherosyclouds,completelyjumpedoutoftheseawithalovelyred.Allofasudden,beforeIknewit,thecrimsonorbbegantoshinebrightly,dazzlingmyeyesuntiltheystungandsuddenlylightingupthesurroundingcloud.Sometimesthesunwentintoacloud,butitsrayscamedownfromthecloudandhittheseastraight.Itwasnoteasytotellthedifferencebetweentheseaandthesky,forallIcouldseewasawideexpanseofbrilliantlight.

3.單選題

Foryears,anetworkofcitizens’groupsandscientificbodieshasbeenclaimingthatscienceofglobalwarmingisinconclusive.Butwhofundedthem?

Exxon’sinvolvementiswellknown.ExxonMobilistheworld’smostprofitablecorporation.Itmakesmostofitsmoneyfromoil,andhasmoretolosethananyothercompanyfromeffortstotackleclimatechange.Tosafeguarditsprofits,ExxonMobilneedstosowdoubtaboutwhetherseriousactionneedstobetakenonclimatechange.Buttherearedifficulties:ifmustconfrontascientificconsensusasstrongasthatwhichmaintainsthatsmokingcauseslungcancerorthatHIVcausesAids.Sowhat’sitsstrategy?

ThewebsiteE,usingdatafoundinthecompany’sofficialdocuments,lists124organizationsthathavetakenmoneyfromthecompanyorworkcloselywiththosethathave.Theseorganizationstakeaconsistentlineonclimatechange:thatthescienceiscontradictory,thescientistsaresplit,environmentalistsareliarsorlunatics,andifgovernmentstookactiontopreventglobalwarming,theywouldbeendangeringtheglobaleconomyfornogoodreason.Thefindingstheseorganizationsdislikearelabeled“junkscience”.Thefindingstheywelcomearelabeled“soundscience”.

Thisisnottoclaimthatallthesciencethesegroupschampionisbogus.Onthewhole,theyuseselection,notinvention.Theywillfindonecontradictorystudy—suchasthediscoveryoftropospheric(對(duì)流層的)cooling—andpromoteitrelentlessly.Theywillcontinuetodosolongafterithasbeendisprovedbyfurtherwork.So,forexample,JohnChristy,theauthorofthetropospherepaper,admittedinAugust2005thathisfigureswereincorrect,yethisinitialfindingsarestillbeingcirculatedandchampionedbymanyofthesegroups,asaquickinternetsearchwillshowyou.

WhiletheyhavebeenmosteffectiveintheUnitedStates,theimpactsoftheclimate-changedenierssponsoredbyExxonhavebeenfeltallovertheworld.Bydominatingthemediadebateonclimatechangeduringsevenoreightcriticalyearsinwhichurgentinternationaltalksshouldhavebeentakingplace,byconstantlyseedingdoubtaboutthesciencejustasitshouldhavebeenmostpersuasive,theyhavejustifiedthemoneytheirsponsorshavespentonthemmanytimesover.

1.WhichofthefollowinghasNOTbeendonebytheorganizationstoestablishtheirpositiononclimatechange?

2.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“bogus”(inParagraph4)?

3.JohnChristyismentionedtoshow（）.

4.TheorganizationssponsoredbyExxon（）.

5.Thepassageismainlyfocusedon（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Damagingthereputationofenvironmentalists.t

B.Emphasizingthelackofconsensusamongscientists.t

C.Stressingtheunnecessaryharmtotileglobaleconomy.t

D.Protectingthescientificdiscoveriesfrombeingmisused.t

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Reasonable.t

B.Fake.t

C.Limitless.t

D.Inconsistent.t

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.howcloselytheseorganizationsworkwithscientistst

B.howtheseorganizationsselectscientificfindingsfortheirownpurposet

C.howimportantcorrectdataareforscientiststomakesounddiscoveriest

D.howoneman’smistakemaysetbacktheprogressofsciencet

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.haveliveduptotheirpromisest

B.havealmostcausedworldwidechaost

C.havefailedtoachievetheiroriginalgoalt

D.havemisunderstoodtherequestofthesponsort

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Exxon’sinvolvementinscientificscandalst

B.Exxon’scontributionstotheissueofclimatechanget

C.Exxon’sroleindelayingsolutionstoglobalwarmingt

D.Exxon’seffortstopromotemorescientificdiscoveries

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干意思是“以下哪項(xiàng)是這些組織在確定其對(duì)氣候變化的立場(chǎng)時(shí)沒(méi)有做過(guò)的？”。文章的第三段提到Theseorganizationstakeaconsistentlineonclimatechange:thatthescienceiscontradictory,thescientistsaresplit,environmentalistsareliarsorlunatics,andifgovernmentstookactiontopreventglobalwarming,theywouldbeendangeringtheglobaleconomyfornogoodreason.（這些組織在氣候變化問(wèn)題上的立場(chǎng)是一致的：科學(xué)是矛盾的，科學(xué)家是分裂的，環(huán)保主義者是騙子或瘋子，如果政府采取行動(dòng)阻止全球變暖，他們將在沒(méi)有充分理由的情況下危害全球經(jīng)濟(jì)），由此可知A項(xiàng)“破壞環(huán)保主義者的聲譽(yù)”、B項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)科學(xué)家之間缺乏共識(shí)”和C項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的不必要傷害”都屬于這些組織在確定其對(duì)氣候變化的立場(chǎng)時(shí)的說(shuō)辭，只有D項(xiàng)“保護(hù)科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)不被濫用”沒(méi)有提及。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。題干意思是“下列哪項(xiàng)在意思上最接近第四段的‘bogus’？”。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段第一句Thisisnottoclaimthatallthesciencethesegroupschampionisbogus.（這并不是說(shuō)這些團(tuán)體支持的所有科學(xué)都是bogus）可知，這句話是上文的承接句，上文最后一句話指出Thefindingstheseorganizationsdislikearelabeled“junkscience”.Thefindingstheywelcomearelabeled“soundscience”.（這些商業(yè)組織不喜歡的研究結(jié)果被貼上了“垃圾科學(xué)”的標(biāo)簽，他們歡迎的發(fā)現(xiàn)被貼上了“可靠科學(xué)”的標(biāo)簽），后文又提到Onthewhole,theyuseselection,notinvention.（總的來(lái)說(shuō)，他們使用的是選擇，而不是發(fā)明），由此可推測(cè)并不是這些組織支持的所有的科學(xué)都是假的，故B項(xiàng)“虛假的”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“合理的”、C項(xiàng)“無(wú)限制的”和D項(xiàng)“不一致的”都不與bogus的含義相近。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干意思是“提到克里斯蒂是為了表示……”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第四段，第二句和第三句指出Onthewhole,theyuseselection,notinvention.Theywillfindonecontradictorystudy—suchasthediscoveryoftropospheric(對(duì)流層的)cooling—andpromoteitrelentlessly.（總的來(lái)說(shuō)，他們使用的是選擇，而不是發(fā)明；他們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)相互矛盾的研究，比如對(duì)流層冷卻的發(fā)現(xiàn)，并堅(jiān)持不懈地挖掘它），由此推斷，后文引用克里斯蒂的例子是為了說(shuō)明這些組織出于自己的目的選擇科學(xué)研究課題，故B項(xiàng)“這些組織如何為他們自己的目的選擇科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“這些組織與科學(xué)家的合作有多密切”，內(nèi)容不符合原文；C項(xiàng)“正確的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)于科學(xué)家做出可靠的發(fā)現(xiàn)是多么重要”和D項(xiàng)“一個(gè)人的錯(cuò)誤可能會(huì)阻礙科學(xué)的進(jìn)步”文章沒(méi)有提及。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“由?？松澲慕M織……”。文章最后一句話提到Bydominatingthemediadebateonclimatechangeduringsevenoreightcriticalyearsinwhichurgentinternationaltalksshouldhavebeentakingplace,byconstantlyseedingdoubtaboutthesciencejustasitshouldhavebeenmostpersuasive,theyhavejustifiedthemoneytheirsponsorshavespentonthemmanytimesover.（在本應(yīng)舉行緊急國(guó)際談判的七八年關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，通過(guò)主導(dǎo)媒體有關(guān)氣候變化的辯論，通過(guò)不斷播撒對(duì)科學(xué)的懷疑，就像它應(yīng)該是最有說(shuō)服力的一樣，他們已經(jīng)證明了贊助商在他們身上花費(fèi)的金錢是合理的），由此可推斷，?？松澲慕M織最終還是兌現(xiàn)了他們的承諾，和公司在應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化問(wèn)題上處于一致的立場(chǎng)，故A項(xiàng)“履行了他們諾言”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“幾乎引起了世界范圍的混亂”和D項(xiàng)“誤解了主辦者的要求”沒(méi)有提到；C項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有達(dá)到他們?cè)瓉?lái)的目標(biāo)”，內(nèi)容與原文不符。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章主要關(guān)于……”。本文主要講在應(yīng)對(duì)全球變暖等環(huán)境問(wèn)題上，大公司?？松龅囊磺写胧﹣?lái)維護(hù)自身經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。文章第一段提到Foryears,anetworkofcitizens’groupsandscientificbodieshasbeenclaimingthatscienceofglobalwarmingisinconclusive.Butwhofundedthem?（多年來(lái)，一個(gè)由公民團(tuán)體和科學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)組成的網(wǎng)絡(luò)一直聲稱全球變暖的科學(xué)是不確定的，但是誰(shuí)資助的呢？）和文章最后一段提到WhiletheyhavebeenmosteffectiveintheUnitedStates…（雖然他們這一招在美國(guó)是最有效的……），由此可以推斷，?？松梨诠驹诮鉀Q全球變暖的問(wèn)題上發(fā)揮了作用，故C項(xiàng)“埃克森在拖延全球變暖解決方案方面的作用”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“?？松砣肟茖W(xué)丑聞”和D項(xiàng)“?？松苿?dòng)更多科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)的努力”文中沒(méi)有提到；B項(xiàng)“?？松瓕?duì)氣候變化問(wèn)題的貢獻(xiàn)”，文章第二段指出Tosafeguarditsprofits,ExxonMobilneedstosowdoubtaboutwhetherseriousactionneedstobetakenonclimatechange.（為了保護(hù)自己的利潤(rùn)，?？松梨谛枰⒉岩?，是否需要對(duì)氣候變化采取嚴(yán)格的行動(dòng)），由此可知，埃克森美孚為了保護(hù)自己的利益，而散播謠言阻止氣候變化措施的實(shí)行，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Asnobbishpersonadulatesthosewhohaveuppersocialpositionanddespisesthoseofhumbleorigin.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.flatters

B.fascinates

C.flutters

D.fluctuates

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.flatters奉承；討好B.fascinates深深吸引；迷住

C.flutters飄動(dòng)；揮動(dòng)

D.fluctuates波動(dòng)；起伏不定

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息despisesthoseofhumbleorigin（鄙視出身卑微的人）和thosewhohaveuppersocialposition（社會(huì)地位高的人）可知，adulates和despises是相反的詞義，despise表示“鄙視”，那么adulate則表示“奉承”的意思，A項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)詞義不符合句中所選詞匯。

【句意】勢(shì)利的人奉承社會(huì)地位高的人，鄙視出身卑微的人。

5.單選題

Itiscommonknowledgethatoneculture（

）withthearea.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.connects

B.relates

C.associates

D.correlates

【答案】D

【解析】句意:一種文化與當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鐣?huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展相互依存，這是常識(shí)。

動(dòng)詞辨析。connect和relate都能與with連用，表示“與…聯(lián)系”，但側(cè)重于兩者的關(guān)系；associatewith意為“聯(lián)合，將…聯(lián)系在一起”；correlatewith“相互依存”；將四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入題干對(duì)比分析可知，最佳答案選項(xiàng)為D。

6.單選題

Thedirectionswereso（

）thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ingenious

B.ambitious

C.notorious

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。ingenious“機(jī)靈的”；ambitious“有野心的”；notorious“臭名昭著的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意：說(shuō)明內(nèi)容模糊不清，因此無(wú)法完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.翻譯題

PutthefollowingpassagesintoChinese:

Itisnotpossibleforamereawardofmoneytoputhiminthepositionhewouldhaveenjoyedhadthebargainbeenperformed.Thebargainmustthereforebeperformed.Butthecourtsrarelycompelthespecificperformanceofacontract,savewhereitisoneforthesaleofrealestate,sinceeveryparcelofrealpropertyisdeemedtobeunique,special,anduniquelyvaluabletoitsowner.Thereareotherkindsofcontractsthatcanbespecificallyenforced,buttheirnumberislimitedanddwindlinginanunsentimental,commercialworldinwhichthepaymentofmoneyisusuallydeemedtheproperremedyforeverylossordisappointmentsuffered.Undercertaincircumstances,anaggrievedpartycanavoidacontractthathepreviouslyagreedtomake.Thisisknownasrescissionoravoidanceofthecontract.Bythisrelief,thepartiesaretobeplacedinthepositioninwhichtheyfoundthemselvesbeforethecontractwasmade.

Litigantshavemutualincentivestosaveonlitigationcostsbysettlingoutofcourt.Theyavoiduncertaintrialoutcomesanddelaysandcanagreetokeepsettlementsconfidential.Insomecases,settlementsmaybereachedthroughalternativemethodsofdisputeresolution,suchasvoluntaryarbitrationormediationGenerally,detailsofcivildisputessettledbeforeatrialarenotreportedtothecourtsandhencearenotincludedinpubliclyavailabledataThosedatathereforeshowonlypartofthepicture—theremaybeimportantdifferencesbetweencasesthatgototrialandcasesthatsettleoutofcourt.Forexample,casesthatgototrialprobablyinvolvelargerdollaramounts,onaverage.Nevertheless,trialverdictssetprecedentsforallcasesandthusaffecttheincentivetosettlebysignalingthevalueandprobabilityofsuccesstofuturelitigants.

【答案】?jī)H僅是金錢判決不可能讓他享有履行協(xié)議而帶來(lái)的處境。因此，協(xié)議必須履行。但是，法院很少會(huì)強(qiáng)制協(xié)議的具體實(shí)施，除非協(xié)議是針對(duì)不動(dòng)產(chǎn)的出售，因?yàn)槊恳环莶粍?dòng)產(chǎn)對(duì)它的所有者而言被認(rèn)為是獨(dú)特的、特殊的和具有特別價(jià)值的。也有另外一些可以具體地被強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的協(xié)議，然而，在金錢經(jīng)常被視為彌補(bǔ)所遭受損失或失望的合理手段的這個(gè)無(wú)情的商業(yè)世界里，這類協(xié)議的數(shù)量是有限的并一直在減少。在某些情況下，受侵害的一方可以廢止自己先前同意簽訂的協(xié)議。這被稱為解除或廢止協(xié)議。通過(guò)這種補(bǔ)救方法，協(xié)議各方發(fā)現(xiàn)他們自己處于協(xié)議簽訂之前的境地。

訴訟當(dāng)事人都有通過(guò)庭外和解的方式去節(jié)約訴訟成本的動(dòng)機(jī)。通過(guò)該方式，他們避免不確定的審判結(jié)果與延期，并且可以同意保密和解協(xié)議。在一些情況下，和解協(xié)議可能通過(guò)替代性糾紛解決方法來(lái)達(dá)成，比如自愿仲裁或調(diào)解。一般情況下，和解的民事糾紛細(xì)節(jié)在審判前不會(huì)呈上法庭，因此它們不包含在公開(kāi)信息中。因此，那些公開(kāi)信息僅僅展現(xiàn)了所有案件的一部分—法庭審判的案件和庭外和解的案件間可能存在巨大的差異。比如，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，法庭審判的案件很可能牽涉更多的金錢數(shù)量。然而，審判裁決為所有的案件開(kāi)創(chuàng)了先例，因此，它們通過(guò)示意利害關(guān)系及勝訴的可能性，影響了今后訴訟當(dāng)事人去解決糾紛的動(dòng)機(jī)。

8.單選題

Tomanypeople,ahusbandandwifealonedonotseemaproperfamily—theyneedchildrentoenrichthecircle,to_______familycharacterandtogathertheredemptiveinfluenceofoffspring.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.repress

B.intimidate

C.validate

D.confine

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“repress”意為“抑制；鎮(zhèn)壓（叛亂等）；約束”；B選項(xiàng)“intimidate”意為“恐嚇，威脅；脅迫”；C選項(xiàng)“validate”意為“驗(yàn)證；確認(rèn)；使生效”；D選項(xiàng)“confine”意為“限制；禁閉；（因疾病、殘疾）無(wú)法離開(kāi)（床、家、輪椅）”。句意：對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，夫妻二人似乎并不構(gòu)成一個(gè)真正的家庭——他們需要孩子來(lái)充實(shí)他們的小圈子，使家庭特征生效，并從后代那里獲得某種救贖的影響。由題干可知，ahusbandandwifealonedonotseemaproperfamily（夫妻二人似乎并不構(gòu)成一個(gè)真正的家庭）夫妻需要孩子才能構(gòu)成完整的家庭，所以家庭特征需要有孩子才能生效。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Thisspeculation(acoursetaughtwithtechnologyhelpsstudentslearnmorethantheonetaughtintheliveclassroom)isnotbaseless:studiescomparingtechnology-basedandtraditionalcourseofferingsarebeginningtoappearwithregularity,andtechnologyislookingbetteralltime.UniversitiesthatspecializeindistanceeducationarelearninghowtousemultimediacoursewareandtheInterneteffectivelyandthequalityoftheirofferingsisgainingincreasingrecognition.Whenstudentsinthenearfuturehaveachoicebetween(a)attendingpassivelecturesatfixedlocationsandtimesinacampus-basedcurriculumand(b)completinginteractivemultimediatutorialsatanyconvenientplaceandtimeinadistance-basedcurriculum,guesswhichalternativemoreofthemwillbegintochoose.

Thisisnottosaythattechnologyisapanacea.Passiveinstructionaltechnology-e.g.,simplypointingavideocameraataconventionallectureorusingtheWebonlytodisplaytextandpictures—doesnotpromotemuchlearning,nomatterhowdynamicthelecturerorhowcolorfulthegraphicimages.Moreover,evenatitsbesttechnologywillneverbeabletodosomethingsthatfirst-rateteachersdoroutinely,suchasadvising,encouraging,motivating,andservingasrolemodelsforstudents,helpingthemdevelopthecommunicationandinterpersonalskillstheywillneedtosucceedintheircareers,andgettingthemtoteachandlearnfromoneanother.Mostsuccessfulpeoplecanthinkbacktoatleastonegiftedteacherwhochangedtheirlivesbydoingoneormoreofthesethings;itisunlikelythatanyonewilleverbeabletodothesameforasoftwarepackage.

Here,then,iswhatourcrystalballsaysaboutthefutureofhighereducation.Anincreasingshareofundergraduatedegreeswillbeearnedinwell-designeddistance-basedprogramsatconventionaluniversitiesandinstitutionswithoutwallsliketheBritishOpenUniversity,andanincreasingnumberofpeoplewillbypasscollegealtogetherandseekcompetency-basedcertificationinfieldslikeinformationtechnology.Somehighlyrankedresearchuniversitieswillstillteachtraditionallyandcontinuetoattractundergraduatesbyvirtueoftheirprestige,servingprimarilyastraininggroundsforgraduateschools.Manyofthemuchgreaternumberoflessprestigiousuniversitieswilltrytokeepdoingbusinessasusual,buthavingtocompeteforashrinkingpoolofundergraduateswillforcethemtoeitherchangetheirpracticesorclosetheirdoors.Andagrowingnumberofuniversitieswillsystematicallyincorporateinteractivemultimedia-basedinstructionalsoftwareintheirliveclassroom-basedcourses,makingsurethatthecoursesaretaughtbyprofessorswhoserveastruementorstotheirstudentsandnotjusttransmittersofinformation.Theseuniversitieswillcontinuetothrive—andtheywillprovidethebestcollegeeducation.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhat（）.

2."apanacea"(Line1,2ndparagraph)probablymeans（）.

3.Itisimpliedinthesecondparagraphthat（）.

4.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthefutureofmostuniversities?

5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheroleofaprofessorinthefutureclassroom?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.technologybasedcourseslookbetterthantraditionalcourses

B.thequalityofmultimediacoursewareisnotclear

C.morestudentswillchoosetechnology-baseddistancelearning

D.someuniversitieswillspecializeindistanceeducationwhileotherswon't

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.asolutiontoallproblems

B.awonderfulinvention

C.amachineteacher

D.ausefulfacilitator

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.qualifiedteachersplayavitalroleinshapingstudents'life

B.it'steachers'jobtobuildacareerfortheirstudents

C.asophisticatedsoftwarepackageislikelytoreplaceateacher

D.aconventionallectureisalwayspassive

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhavetoclosetheirdoorsandturntobusiness.

B.Theywillprovidethebestcollegeeducation.

C.Theywillshrinkbecauseoflessstudents.

D.Theyhavetochangeortheywillbeoutofbusiness.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Anadviser

B.Atransmitter

C.Aninstructor

D.Atrainers

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，作者認(rèn)為用技術(shù)授課的課程比在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)課堂授課的課程更能幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的這種推測(cè)并非毫無(wú)依據(jù)，說(shuō)明作者贊成越來(lái)越多的同學(xué)會(huì)選擇基于技術(shù)的遠(yuǎn)程學(xué)習(xí)課程。選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.第二段的主要內(nèi)容是講基于技術(shù)課程的缺點(diǎn)和不足。由此推斷，這里應(yīng)該是指技術(shù)不是萬(wàn)能的。選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.根據(jù)第二段的第三句“evenatitsbesttechnologywillneverbeabletodosomethingsthatfirst-rateteachersdoroutinely.”即使再好的技術(shù)也永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法做一些一流的教師經(jīng)常做的事情。以及倒數(shù)第二句“Mostsuccessfulpeoplecanthinkbacktoatleastonegiftedteacherwhochangedtheirlivesbydoingoneormoreofthesethings;”大多數(shù)成功人士都能回想起至少一位有才華的教師，他通過(guò)做一件或多件這樣的事情改變了他們的生活。由此推斷：合格的教師在塑造學(xué)生的生活中起著至關(guān)重要的作用。選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.根據(jù)最后一段的倒數(shù)第三句“...willforcethemtoeitherchangetheirpracticesorclosetheirdoors.”許多大學(xué)還在努力維持以往的辦學(xué)模式，他們要么被迫做出改變，要么只能關(guān)門大吉。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句“...makingsurethatthecoursesaretaughtbyprofessorswhoserveastruementorstotheirstudentsandnotjusttransmittersofinformation.”確保授課教師是學(xué)生的真正導(dǎo)師，而不僅僅是信息的傳播者。選項(xiàng)A正確。

10.單選題

Whenthefarmersvisitedthecitythefirsttime,theywere___byitscomplicatedtrafficsystem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.precluded

B.bewildered

C.diverted

D.expired

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)precluded“排除；妨礙；阻止”；B選項(xiàng)bewildered“使迷惑，使不知所措”；C選項(xiàng)diverted“呼叫轉(zhuǎn)移，釋放”；D選項(xiàng)expired“期滿；失效；（人）死亡；呼（氣）”。句意：當(dāng)農(nóng)民們第一次進(jìn)城時(shí)，他們被城里復(fù)雜的交通系統(tǒng)___。本句表達(dá)“農(nóng)民們被復(fù)雜的交通系統(tǒng)弄得不知所措”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.翻譯題

誠(chéng)然，揭發(fā)一個(gè)不道德行為問(wèn)題，大都不是一件容易的事。有時(shí)候，匿名是可能的，但并不總是這樣。過(guò)去，曾發(fā)生被控告者或被懷疑的同事進(jìn)行報(bào)復(fù)的事并產(chǎn)生了嚴(yán)重后果。關(guān)于不軌行為的任何舉報(bào)，都是一個(gè)需要認(rèn)真對(duì)待的重要指控。如果處理不當(dāng)，一個(gè)舉報(bào)能嚴(yán)重傷害被控告者、指控者、有關(guān)單位，乃至整個(gè)科學(xué)。

【答案】Admittedly,itisnotalwayseasytoexposeanunethicalbehavior.Itispossibletobeanonymoussometimes,butnotalways.Inthepast,therewerecasesofretaliationbyaccusedorsuspectedcolleagueswithseriousconsequences.Anyallegationofmisconductisimportantandshouldbetakenseriously.Ifnothandledproperly,asingleonecanseriouslyharmtheaccused,theaccuser,theinstitutionconcerned,andscienceasawhole.

12.單選題

PatentmedicineusedinAmericadatesbacktotheearlydaysoftheRepublic,whendrugsimportedfromEuropeweresoldbypostmasters,goldsmiths,grocers,andtailors.TheiruseexpandedduringtheJacksonaneraasAmericansrebelledagainsttraditionaldoctorsandenthusiasticallyendorsed:quackery.Increasingurbanizationandindustrializationalsofedthemarketforpatentmedicines,asnewdrugswereneededtocombatepidemics.Butthese:sales,bymid-century,wereduetotwonon-medicalevents.

Patentlegislationin1793madeitpossibleformanufactures,toprotecttheirproductagainstcounterfeiters.Butmostmanufacturersdidnotseekpatentsontheformulasfortheirmedicines,sincethesewereoftencombinationsofcommonproductslikealcoholandvegetableextractswhichtheypreferrednottoreveal.Instead,theysoughtpatentsontheshapeofthebottle,promotionalmaterials,andlabelinformation.

Thenumberofnewspapers-publishedinthecountrygrewfrom200duringJefferson’sadministrationtoover4000atthetimeofLincoln'spresidency.Thepennypress,begunbyBenjaminDayin1833wasmarketedatamassaudienceandcostjustonecentperissue.Torecoverrevenuelostfromsubscriptionprices,Dayandotherssoughtprofitsthroughadvertising.Patentmedicinewasperfectproducttoadvertiseinpennypaperssinceitssensationalclaimsbuttressedthesensationalbentofthenewsandstoriesinthem.

“LydiaPinkham’sVegetableCompound”wasthemost,successfulpatentmedicineofthecentury,andMrs.Pinkham’sfacewasknownacrossthecountry.LikemostAmericans,shewasconvincedthatDivineProvidencehadstockedthepromisedlandwithvegetablesandherbsunknownelsewhere,whichcouldcuredisease.Mrs.Pinkhamreceivedthebasicformulaforhernostrumaspaymentforadebtowedbyherhusband.Asaresultofsevereeconomichardshipsforherfamily,shebeganheavypromotionofthemedicineinBostonnewspapersin1876,andhersonattachedhismother'spicturetotheproduct.Thuswasbornmodemadvertising.Mrs.Pinkhamwaspopularwithherfemalefollowersforherfeministbent,andforthefactthatsheencouragedthemtowriteherforadvice.AnanalysisofthecompoundbytheAMAin1914revealedthatitwas20percentalcohol,withtherestmadeofvegetableextracts.

1.Whataspectofpatentmedicinedoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Theauthorimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwasthereasonwhymostmanufacturerspreferrednottoseekpatentsontheirmedicines?

3.Accordingtoparagraph3,theresultofmarketingthepennypressatamassaudiencewas（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingdidpatentmedicineandthepennypresshaveincommon,accordingtothepassage?

5.WhydoestheauthormentionMrs.Pinkharn'sphoto?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thedangers

B.Whyiswassopopular

C.Asanexampleofquackery

D.Themostsuccessfulproducts

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theymademaremoneyfromthebottlethanthecontents

B.Theyconsidereditwasn'tnecessarybecauseofthehighdemandfortheseproducts

C.Thepatentlegislationwasnotaneffectiveprotectionagainstcopies

D.Theyusuallyblendedcommonproductsintomedicines

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.adecreaseinrevenue

B.decreasedsubscriptions

C.increasedadvertising

D.increasedsalesofpatentmedicines

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Anapproachtogainingattentionofthepublic

B.Abeliefinadvertising

C.Theneedtorecovermoney

D.Amassaudience

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseofherson

B.Asanexampleofthepromotionalapproach

C.Tohelpexplainwhyshewassopopularwithwomen

D.Becauseofherhusband

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.試題解析：主旨大意題。文章第一段主要介紹了專利藥品在美國(guó)的起源以及當(dāng)時(shí)銷售的渠道；第二段主要介紹了專利權(quán)立法的作用以及制造商用它保護(hù)藥品的產(chǎn)品包裝，而不是藥物本身的配方；第三段主要講述了專利藥廣告在報(bào)紙上的刊登，能帶來(lái)銷量；第四段以具體的例子，介紹專利藥受歡迎的原因。因此B選項(xiàng)“為什么這么受歡迎”最符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第二段中的Butmostmanufacturersdidnotseekpatentsontheformulasfortheirmedicines,sincethesewereoftencombinationsofcommonproductslikealcoholandvegetableextractswhichtheypreferrednottoreveal.（但是大多數(shù)制造商并沒(méi)有為他們的藥物的配方申請(qǐng)專利，因?yàn)檫@些藥品通常是他們不愿意透露的普通產(chǎn)品的組合，如酒精和蔬菜提取物）可知D選項(xiàng)“他們通常將普通產(chǎn)品混合成藥品”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第三段中的Thepennypress,begunbyBenjaminDayin1833wasmarketedatamassaudienceandcostjustonecentperissue.Torecoverrevenuelostfromsubscriptionprices,Dayandotherssoughtprofitsthroughadvertising.（由BenjaminDay于1833年創(chuàng)辦的廉價(jià)在大眾受眾中銷售，每期僅售一分錢。為了彌補(bǔ)訂閱價(jià)格損失的收入，Day和其他人通過(guò)廣告尋求利潤(rùn)）可知向大眾推銷廉價(jià)報(bào)紙的結(jié)果是收入的減少，因此選A。

4.推理判斷題。由文章第三段中的Torecoverrevenuelostfromsubscriptionprices,Dayandotherssoughtprofitsthroughadvertising.Patentmedicinewasperfectproducttoadvertiseinpennypaperssinceitssensationalclaimsbuttressedthesensationalbentofthenewsandstoriesinthem.（為了彌補(bǔ)訂閱價(jià)格損失的收入，Day和其他人通過(guò)廣告尋求利潤(rùn)。專利藥是在廉價(jià)報(bào)紙上做廣告的完美產(chǎn)品，由于其聳人聽(tīng)聞的說(shuō)法支持了新聞和故事的聳人聽(tīng)聞的傾向）可知專利藥在報(bào)紙上做廣告的目的是為了吸引觀眾，銷售其產(chǎn)品來(lái)獲利，廉價(jià)報(bào)紙的發(fā)行也是為了獲利，因此選C。

5.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的的Asaresultofsevereeconomichardshipsforherfamily,shebeganheavypromotionofthemedicineinBostonnewspapersin1876,andhersonattachedhismother'spicturetotheproduct.Thuswasbornmodemadvertising.（由于家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難，她于1876年開(kāi)始在波士頓報(bào)紙上大力推廣這種藥物，她的兒子把她的照片貼在產(chǎn)品上。因此，現(xiàn)代廣告誕生了）可知作者提及Mrs.Pinkharn'sphoto的照片是把其當(dāng)作推銷手段中的一個(gè)例子，因此選B。

13.翻譯題

從20世紀(jì)40年代中期起，人類已經(jīng)制造出上千種農(nóng)藥，普遍用于農(nóng)場(chǎng)、花園和森林，以消滅昆蟲(chóng)和雜草。本來(lái)它們的最初目的是殺死幾種雜草和幾種昆蟲(chóng)，但是卻造成了現(xiàn)在這樣嚴(yán)重的后果：鳥(niǎo)兒不再唱歌，魚(yú)兒不再跳躍，樹(shù)葉蒙上了一層毒藥，土壤中長(zhǎng)期存留大量有毒物質(zhì)。

【答案】Sincethemid-1940s,thousandsofpesticideshavebeencreatedtokillinsectsandweedsonfarms,gardensandforests.Theiroriginalpurposewastokillafewweedsandafewinsects,buttheresultisnowsoseriousthatbirdsnolongersing,fishnolongerjump,theleavesarecoatedwithpoison,andthesoilispermanentlyrichintoxicsubstances.

14.翻譯題

從亞洲及太平洋沿岸國(guó)家移民來(lái)的美國(guó)人在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域?yàn)槊绹?guó)做出了杰出的貢獻(xiàn)。由于亞太裔移民的祖籍國(guó)家具有豐富多樣的傳統(tǒng),他們來(lái)到美國(guó)以后、大大促進(jìn)了美國(guó)文化的發(fā)展,提髙了全美國(guó)人民的生活水平。

美國(guó)高度評(píng)價(jià)亞太裔美國(guó)人的貢獻(xiàn)。他們帶來(lái)的勤奮精神促進(jìn)了美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,他們對(duì)自由的熱愛(ài)振興了美國(guó)民主自由的理想。他們的勇敢和毅力,生動(dòng)地表明了人類對(duì)政治自由的一致渴望。

【答案】AsianAmericans,whoemigratefromAsianandPacificnations,haveachievedgreatcontributiontotheU.Sinvariousfields.DuetorichvarietyoftraditionalofAsianAmericans,theyhaveplayedasignificantroleinAmericanculturaldevelopmentaswellasAmericanlivinglevelpromotionaftertheirarrivals.

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