書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東白云學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Lastnighthesawtwodark______enterthebuilding,andthentherewastheexplosion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.features

B.figures

C.sketches

D.images

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.features特征B.figures（代表數(shù)量，尤指官方資料中的）數(shù)字；人物；（隱約可見的）人影

C.sketches素描；速寫D.images形象；印象

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后半句“然后就發(fā)生了爆炸”可推知，大樓爆炸是人為的，所以dark______表示“黑色的人影”，故該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】昨晚他看到兩個(gè)黑影進(jìn)入大樓，然后就發(fā)生了爆炸。

2.單選題

Theyarrangeddailyroutinethatwould（）hersenseofsecuritythoughshewasjustatrainee.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bombard

B.bolster

C.breed

D.bruise

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)bombard“轟擊”；B選項(xiàng)bolster“支持、支撐”；C選項(xiàng)breed“培養(yǎng)”；D選項(xiàng)bruise“使擦傷”。本句表示“他們安排了每天的例行公事來培養(yǎng)她的安全感雖然只是個(gè)實(shí)習(xí)生”安全感需要培養(yǎng)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

EducatorsareseriouslyconcernedaboutthehighrateofdropoutsamongthedoctorofphilosophycandidatesandtheconsequentlossoftalenttoanationinneedofPh.D.s.Somehasplacedthedropoutslossashighas50percent.Theextentofthelosswas,however,largelyamatterofexpertguessing.Lastweekawell-roundedstudywaspublished.Itwasbasedon22,000questionnairessenttoformergraduatewhowereenrolledin24universitiesanditseemedtoshowmanypastfearstobegroundless.

Thedropoutsratewasfoundtobe31percentandinmostcasesthedropouts,whilenotcompletingthePh.D.requirement,wentontoproductivework.Theyarenotonlydoingwellfinancially,but,accordingtothereport,arenotfarbelowtheincomelevelsofthosewhowentontocompletetheirdoctorates.

Discussingthestudylastweek,Dr.Tuckersaidtheprojectwasinitiated“becauseoftheconcernfrequentlyexpressedbygraduatefacultiesandadministratorsthatsomeoftheindividualswhodroppedoutofPh.D.programswerecapableofcompletingtherequirementforthedegree.AttritionatthePh.D.levelisalsothoughttobeawasteofpreciousfacultytimeandadrainonuniversityresourcesalreadybeingusedtocapacity.SomepeopleexpressedtheopinionthattheshortageofhighlytrainedspecialistsandcollegeteacherscouldbereducedbypersuadingthedropoutstoreturntograduateschoolstocompletethePh.D.”

“Theresultsofourresearch”，Dr.Tuckerconcluded,“didnotsupporttheseopinions."

(1)Lackofmotivationwastheprincipalreasonfordroppingout.

(2)Mostdropoutswentasfarintheirdoctoralprogramaswasconsistentwiththeirlevelsofabilityortheirspecialties.

(3)Mostdropoutsarenowengagedinworkconsistentwiththeireducationandmotivation.

Nearly75percentofthedropoutssaidtherewasnoacademicreasonfortheirdecision,butthosewhomentionedacademicreasoncitedfailuretopassthequalifyingexamination,uncompletedresearchandfailuretolanguageexams.Amongthesinglemostimportantpersonalreasonsidentifiedbydropoutsfornon-completionoftheirPh.D.program,lackoffinanceswasmarkedby19percent.

Asanindicationofhowwellthedropoutsweredoing,achartshowed2%inhumanitieswerereceiving$20,000andmoreannuallywhilenoneofthePh.D.’swiththatbackgroundreachedthisfigure.ThePh.D.’sshoneinthe$7,500to$15,000bracketwith78%atthatlevelagainst50%forthedropouts.Thismayalsobeanindicationofthefactthattopsalariesintheacademicfields,wherePh.D’stendtorisetothehighestsalaries,arestilllaggingbehindotherfields.

Astothepossibilityofgettingdropoutsbackoncampus,theoutlookwasglum.Themainconditionwhichwouldhavetoprevailforatleast25%ofthedropoutswhomightconsiderreturningtograduateschoolwouldbetoguaranteethattheywouldretaintheirpresentlevelofincomeandinsomecasestheirpresentjob.

1.Theauthorstatesthatmanyeducatorsfeelthat（）.

2.Researchhasshownthat（）.

3.MeetingforeignlanguagerequirementsforthePh.D.（）.

4.Afterreadingthearticle,onewouldrefrainfromconcludingthat（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredthatthehighrateofdropoutsliesin（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stepsshouldbetakentogetdropoutsbacktocampus.

B.thedropoutsshouldreturntoalowerqualityschooltocontinuetheirstudy.

C.thePh.

D.holderisgenerallyabetteradjustedpersonthanthedropout.D.thehighdropoutrateislargelyattributabletothelackofstimulationonthepartoffacultymembers

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.dropoutsaresubstantiallybelowPh.D’sinfinancialattainment.

B.theincentivefactorisaminoroneinregardtopursuingPh.D.studies.

C.D.studies.C.

D.studies.C.thePh.D.candidateislikelytochangehisfieldofspecializationifhedropsout.D.aboutone-thirdofthosewhostartPh.D.workdonotcompletetheworktoearnthedegree.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.isthemostfrequentreasonfordroppingout.

B.ismoredifficultforthesciencecandidatethanforthehumanitiescandidate.

C.isanessentialpartofmanyPh.

D.programs.D.doesnotvaryindifficultyamonguniversities.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.optimismreignsinregardtogettingPh.D.dropoutstoreturntotheirpursuitofthedegree.

B.aPh.D.dropout,byandlarge,doesnothavewhatittakestolearnthedegree.

C.D.dropoutstoreturntotheirpursuitofthedegree.B.aPh.D.dropout,byandlarge,doesnothavewhatittakestolearnthedegree.C.

D.dropoutstoreturntotheirpursuitofthedegree.B.aPh.D.dropout,byandlarge,doesnothavewhatittakestolearnthedegree.C.collegesanduniversitiesemployasubstantialnumberofPh.D.dropouts.D.Ph.D.’sarenotearningwhattheydeserveinnonacademicpositions.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.salaryforPh.D.toolow

B.academicrequirementtoohigh

C.D.toolowB.academicrequirementtoohighC.

D.toolowB.academicrequirementtoohighC.salaryfordropoutstoohighD.l,000positions

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干意思定位到第三段SomepeopleexpressedtheopinionthattheshortageofhighlytrainedspecialistsandcollegeteacherscouldbereducedbypersuadingthedropoutstoreturntograduateschoolstocompletethePh.D.“一些人認(rèn)為，可以通過說服輟學(xué)者重返研究生院完成博士學(xué)位，來減少受過高等教育的專家和大學(xué)教師的短缺”由此可知A選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該采取措施讓輟學(xué)者重返校園”與原文意思相符，為正確選項(xiàng)。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段中Thedropoutsratewasfoundtobe31percentandinmostcasesthedropouts,whilenotcompletingthePh.D.requirement,wentontoproductivework“博士候選人的輟學(xué)率高達(dá)31%，在大多數(shù)情況下，這些輟學(xué)生在沒有完成博士學(xué)位要求的情況下，都在繼續(xù)從事生產(chǎn)性工作?！庇纱丝赏瞥鯠選項(xiàng)“大約三分之一開始攻讀博士學(xué)位的人沒有完成學(xué)業(yè)獲得學(xué)位”與原文相符。A選項(xiàng)“輟學(xué)者在經(jīng)濟(jì)成就方面遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于博士”與文章最后一句表達(dá)意思相反，所以不正確；B選項(xiàng)“在攻讀博士學(xué)位方面，激勵(lì)因素是次要的”與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“如果這位博士候選人退出，他很可能改變他的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域”在文中并未提及。因此，選項(xiàng)A、B、C均為錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第八段中Nearly75percentofthedropoutssaidtherewasnoacademicreasonfortheirdecision,butthosewhomentionedacademicreasoncitedfailuretopassthequalifyingexamination,uncompletedresearchandfailuretolanguageexams.“近75%的退學(xué)學(xué)生表示，他們的決定并非出于學(xué)術(shù)原因，但那些提到學(xué)術(shù)原因的學(xué)生表示，他們沒有通過資格考試、沒有完成研究以及沒有通過語言考試。”由此可推知C選項(xiàng)“是許多博士課程的重要組成部分”與原文意思相符，正確。

第4題:判斷推理題。本題題干意思是讀完這篇文章后，人們不會(huì)得出這樣的結(jié)論……文章最后一段中Astothepossibilityofgettingdropoutsbackoncampus,theoutlookwasglum.“至于讓輟學(xué)學(xué)生重返校園的可能性，前景不容樂觀?！盇選項(xiàng)“讓博士輟學(xué)生重新回到他們對(duì)學(xué)位的追求中，樂觀主義占據(jù)了主導(dǎo)地位”與原文意思相反，因此選項(xiàng)A為正確選項(xiàng)。

第5題:判斷推理題。由倒數(shù)第二段中Thismayalsobeanindicationofthefactthattopsalariesintheacademicfields,wherePh.D’stendtorisetothehighestsalaries,arestilllaggingbehindotherfields.“這也可能表明了這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)，即博士往往能拿到最高薪水的學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域的高薪仍落后于其他領(lǐng)域。”由此可以推出，博士的薪資并不高，因此A選項(xiàng)“博士的薪水太低”與原文相符。選項(xiàng)B、C都屬于過度推斷，選項(xiàng)D文章并未提及。由此可知，選項(xiàng)A為正確選項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

HowcanIeverconcentrateifyou______continually______mewithsillyquestions?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.have,interrupted

B.had,interrupted

C.are,interrupting

D.were,interrupted

【答案】C

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句中帶有continually時(shí)，可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)。句意：如果你不斷用這種無聊的問題打擾我，我怎么能集中精力呢？因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

Bythemiddleofthe18thcentury,manydifferentkindsofProtestants（新教徒）livedtoAmerica.AlthoughtheChurchofEnglandwasanestablishedchurchinseveralcolonies,Protestantslivedsidebysideinrelativeharmony.Alreadytheyhadbeguntoinfluenceeachother.TheGreatAwakeningofthe1740s,a“revival”movementwhichsoughttobreathenewfeelingandstrengthintoreligioncutacrossthelinesofProtestantreligiousgroups,ordenominations.

AtthesametimetheworksofJohnLockewerebecomingknowninAmerica.JohnLockereasonedthattherighttogoverncomesfromanagreementor“socialcontract”voluntarilyenteredintobyfreepeople.ThePuritanexperienceinformingcongregationsmadethisideaseemnaturaltomanyAmericans.Takingitoutoftherealmofsocialtheory,theymadeitarealityandformedanation.

ItwaspoliticsandnotreligionthatmostoccupiedAmericans’mindsduringtheWarofIndependenceandforyearsafterward.AfewAmericansweresoinfluencedbythenewscienceandnewideasoftheEnlightenmentinEuropethattheybecamedeists,believingthatreasonteachesthatGodexistsbutleavesmanfreetosettlehisownaffairs.

ManytraditionalProtestantsanddeistscouldagree,however,that,astheDeclarationofIndependencestates，”allmenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowedbytheircreatorwithcertainunalienablerights,”andthat“thelawsofNatureandNature’sGod”entitledthemtoformanewnation.Amongtherightsthatthenewnationguaranteed,asapoliticalnecessityinareligiouslydiversesociety,wasfreedomofreligion.

TheFirstAmendment（修正案）totheConstitutionoftheUnitedStatesforbadenewfederalgovernmenttogivespecialfavorstoanyreligionortohinderthefreepractice,orotherwiseofreligion.TheUnitedStateswouldhavenostate-supportedreligioninthisway,thosemenwhoformulatedtheprincipaltenetsofthenewlyestablishedpoliticalsystemhopedtoinsurethatdiversityofreligionbeliefshouldneverbecomethesourceofsocialorpoliticalinjusticeordisaffection.

TheFirstAmendmentinsuredthatAmericangovernmentwouldnotmeddleinreligiousaffairsorrequireanyreligiousbeliefsofitscitizens.Butdiditmeanthatgovernmentwouldbereligiouslyneutral,treatingallreligionsalike?

Insomeways,thegovernmentsupportsallreligions.ReligiousgroupsdonotpaytaxestotheUnitedStatesPresidentsandotherpoliticalleadersoftencallonGodtoblesstheAmericannationandpeople.Thosewhosereligionforbidsthemtofightcanperformotherservicesinsteadofbecomingsoldiers.Butgovernmentdoesnotpayministerssalariesorrequireanybelief-notevenabeliefinGod-asaconditionofholdingpublicoffice.Oathsareadministered,butthosewho,likeQuakers,objecttothem,canmakeasolemnaffirmation,ordeclaration,instead.

Thetruthisthatforsomepurposesgovernmentignoresreligionandforotherpurposedittreatsallreligionsalikeatleastasfarasispractical.Whendisputesabouttherelationshipbetweengovernmentandreligionarise,Americancourtsmustsettlethem.

1.WhatistheGreatAwakening?

2.WhatcontrolledAmericans’mindsduringtheWarofIndependence?

3.（

）

entitledAmericanstohavethefreedomofreligion.

4.IntheFirstAmendmenttotheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates,itisstipulatedthat

5.Whichofthefollowingistheproofthatthegovernmentignoresreligioninsomeways?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TocutacrossthelinesofProtestantreligiousgroupsordenomination.

B.Arevivalmovementofseekingtobreathenewfeelingandstrengthintoreligion.

C.Tolivesidebysideinrelativeharmony.

D.Tospreadreligiousideatoothercountries.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Politics

B.Religion

C.Protestants

D.Church

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheFirstAmendment

B.TheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates

C.AmericanGovernment

D.TheDeclarationofIndependence

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thegovernmentcanentitlestate-supportedreligiontoenjoysomespecialrights

B.thegovernmentcannottakeanyactiontolimitthepracticeofanyreligion

C.theUnitedStateswouldhavenonationalreligion

D.thegovernmentwillnotinterveneinthesocialorpoliticalinjustice

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ReligiousgroupneednotpaytaxesintheUnitesStates.

B.PresidentseldomcallsonGodtoblessAmericaanditspeople

C.Forthosewho,likeQuakers,objecttothem,oathscanbereplacedbyasolemnaffirmationordeclaration.

D.Forthosewhosereligionforbidsthemtofight,performingotherservicescantaketheplaceofbeingsoldiers.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段最后一句TheGreatAwakeningofthe1740s,a“revival”movementwhichsoughttobreathenewfeelingandstrengthintoreligioncutacrossthelinesofProtestantreligiousgroups,ordenominations提及“大覺醒運(yùn)動(dòng)”是為了為宗教帶來新氣象和新力量，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.文章第三段第一句ItwaspoliticsandnotreligionthatmostoccupiedAmericans’mindsduringtheWarofIndependenceandforyearsafterward提到戰(zhàn)時(shí)政治占據(jù)了人們的思想，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.文章第四段提及《獨(dú)立宣言》（theDeclarationofIndependence）提倡人生而平等，并肯定了人們具有某些不可剝奪的權(quán)利，宗教自由就是其中之一。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.文章第五段和第六段提及美國《憲法》《第一修正案》禁止政府樹立官方宗教或阻礙宗教自由，也不允許參與宗教事務(wù)和對(duì)公民的強(qiáng)加宗教信仰（forbadenewfederalgovernmenttogivespecialfavorstoanyreligionortohinderthefreepractice,orotherwiseofreligion）。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Oathsareadministered,butthosewho,likeQuakers,objecttothem,canmakeasolemnaffirmation,ordeclaration,instead提到向上帝宣誓并非強(qiáng)制性的，例如貴格派教徒可以用其他方式代替宣誓。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

6.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Thecruxoftheproblemis:youngpeople,beingatthestartoftheirowncareerandhavingtoexertthemselvestotheutmostallthetime,arealwaysunderthegreateststressandsevereststrain.Themiddle-agedpeople,ontheotherhand,havingaccomplishedwhatevertheyhave,mayrelievethemselvesoftheirload,andstarttoenjoyaquietandleisurelylifeunburdenedwithanyambitionsandawayfromthestormsoflife.Consequently,middle-agedpersonsquicklylapseintoindolence.Mostfamousworksthatappearedinthepastcenturies,includingthepresent,werewrittenbyauthorsaround30.WorkswithanycreativenessseldomcamefromthepenofChineseauthorsover40,exceptautobiographiesandnotesbywayofannotation.Butforwritersabroad,agedoesnotseemtoaffecttheirenergyorimaginationatall.Someliterarycelebritiesdidnotstarttheircareeruntilafter40.Becauseofvariousreasons,thelifespanofusChineseusedtobeveryshort.Hencetheoldsaying“man’slifefromoldhasrarelyreachedseventy.”Thereforethemiddle-ageperiodwasmuchearlier,andmenoflettersveryearlyintheirlivesbecame“old”andconservativepsychologically.

【答案】問題的核心是：年輕人正處于事業(yè)初創(chuàng)階段,必須時(shí)刻盡力發(fā)揮自己,由此其總是面臨莫大的壓力,受到的傷痛也極為嚴(yán)重。而中年人已經(jīng)取得他們所要的一切,可以卸下重負(fù),開始享受安靜、愜意的生活,這生活沒有任何雄心壯志,也遠(yuǎn)離生活的狂風(fēng)暴雨。結(jié)果,中年人很快就懶惰起來。自上世紀(jì)到目前的許多著名作品,其作者都在30歲左右。40歲以上的中國作家極少能寫出創(chuàng)意作品來,當(dāng)然有注解的自傳和說明除外。但對(duì)國外作家而言,年齡問題似乎絲毫不會(huì)影響其想象力。一些文學(xué)大家常常是到40歲之后才開始文學(xué)創(chuàng)作。

由于種種原因,過去中國人的壽命往往很短。由此產(chǎn)生了一句古話：“人生七十古來稀”。因此中年這一階段就大大提前了,而名人則很早就“變老”了,心理上也開始保守起來。

7.單選題

Sometimes,themessagesareconveyedthroughdeliberate,consciousgestures;othertimes,ourbodiestalkwithoutourevenknowing.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.definite

B.intentional

C.delicate

D.interactive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。deliberate“故意的；深思熟慮的；從容的”；A選項(xiàng)definite“一定的；確切的”；B選項(xiàng)intentional“故意的；蓄意的；策劃的”；C選項(xiàng)delicate“微妙的；精美的；柔和的；易碎的”；D選項(xiàng)interactive“交互式的；相互作用的”。句意：有時(shí)，信息是通過故意的、有意識(shí)的手勢(shì)來傳達(dá)的；其他時(shí)候，我們的身體在不知不覺中說話。根據(jù)句中“withoutourevenknowing在我們甚至不知曉的情況下”可知deliberate在這里的意思應(yīng)為“故意的”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

TheAmericanCivilWarisbelievedtohavestemmedfromdifferencesoverslavery.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.arisenfrom

B.contributedto

C.patchedup

D.participatedin

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意:美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)是（

）人們對(duì)奴隸制是否廢除持不同的態(tài)度。

arisefrom產(chǎn)生于，起因于。contributeto有助于，捐獻(xiàn)。patchup修補(bǔ)，平息。participatein參加，分擔(dān)。stemfrom:起源于，來自于。故選A。

9.單選題

Heisholdinga（）positioninthecompanyandexpectstobepromotedsoon.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.subordinate

B.succeeding

C.successive

D.subsequent

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:他如今在公司任一個(gè)（）職位，他期望能夠盡快升職。

subordinate下級(jí)的，次要的；succeeding以后的；successive連續(xù)的，接替的；subsequent后來的，隨后的。根據(jù)后半句“他期望能夠盡快升職”推測(cè)，A項(xiàng)subordinate次要的符合句意。

10.單選題

InauguratedasecondtimeonMarch4,1901,（

）focusedondomesticratherthanforeignpolicies.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.WilliamMcKinley’snewtermlookedforwardtoand

B.thenewtermlookedforwardtoWilliamMcKinleyand

C.lookingforwardtoanewtermwasWilliamMcKinley

D.WilliamMcKinleylookedforwardtoanewterm

【答案】D

【解析】句意:威廉?麥金利于1901年3月4日第二次就職，他期待一個(gè)新的主要集中于國內(nèi)事務(wù)而不是外交政策的階段。

語法題?？疾閯?dòng)詞過去分詞。句中前半句Inaugurated為Inaugurat的過去分詞作時(shí)間狀語。因此后半句為主句,而且主語為人,排除B、C。A項(xiàng)中l(wèi)ookforwardto后而應(yīng)跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞。故選D。

11.單選題

Beforethegeneralelectionmanyseniorcitizenssignedthe（）againstthespreadingofnucleararms.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contract

B.petition

C.supplication

D.potential

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。contract合同，契約；petition請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?，指許多人簽名的向當(dāng)權(quán)者提出某種要求；supplication祈愿，祈求，懇求；potential潛力，潛勢(shì)。句意:好多老年人簽訂反對(duì)核武器的擴(kuò)散。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。

12.單選題

Theteachertoldthestudentstostayintheclassroomandtheydid（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.absolutely

B.accidentally

C.accordingly

D.accurately

【答案】C

【解析】考察副詞詞義辨析。absolutely“絕對(duì)地”；accidentally“意外地”；accordingly“相應(yīng)地；照著”；accurately“精確地”。句意：老師告訴學(xué)生待在教室里，他們照著做了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

（）youarefamiliarwiththeauthor'sideas,tryreadingallthesectionsasquicklyasyoucan.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nowthat

B.Sothat

C.Eversince

D.Aslongas

【答案】A

【解析】nowthat既然,由于,引導(dǎo)原因從句；sothat以便,所以；eversince自從...,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；aslongas只要,如果,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。句意：既然你熟悉作者的觀點(diǎn),試著盡快讀完所有的章節(jié)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

14.單選題

Determiningthemineralcontentofsoilsamplesisanexactingprocess,（）expertsmustperformdetailedteststoanalyzesoilspecimens.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sothat

B.however

C.afterwards

D.therefore

【答案】D

【解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)sothat“以便；所以是”；B選項(xiàng)however“無論如何；不管怎樣；然而；可是”；C選項(xiàng)afterwards“后來；然后”；D選項(xiàng)therefore“因此；所以”。句意：確定土壤樣品的礦物含量是一個(gè)嚴(yán)格的過程，（）專家必須進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的測(cè)試來分析土壤樣品。根據(jù)句意可知空格處應(yīng)表示所以，因?yàn)镈選項(xiàng)正確。

15.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

歷史和個(gè)人的經(jīng)歷共同教育了那些處境不佳的人。他們?cè)趭^斗的道路上戰(zhàn)勝重重困難，跨越種種障礙。不少窮人自學(xué)成才，通過鼓足勇氣堅(jiān)忍不拔地前進(jìn)，取得卓越成就而贏得了全世界的矚目和尊敬。

一生依賴別人幫助的人，在危機(jī)的時(shí)刻很少有所作為。當(dāng)不幸來臨時(shí)，他會(huì)四處尋求依靠。如果沒有依靠，他將垂頭喪氣。一旦垂頭喪氣，他們就會(huì)像一只翻了身的烏龜，毫無辦法。許多男孩出人意料地成功了，僅僅是因?yàn)樗チ艘磺兄С侄坏貌蛔粤ⅰ?/p>

【答案】Historyandpersonalexperiencetogethereducatethepoor.Theyovercomemanydifficultiesandobstaclesinthecourseofstruggle.Manypoorpeoplehavebecometalentsbyself-study.Theyhaveachievedremarkableachievementsandwontheattentionandrespectfromtheworldthroughforgingaheadwithcourageandperseverance.

Themanwhodependsonothersforhislifeseldommakesadifferenceintimesofcrisis.Whenmisfortunecomes,hewillseektohelpeverywhere.Hewillbelowspiritswithoutsupport.Oncedepressed,they,likeaturtlethathasturnedover,havenothingtodowithit.Manyboysaresurprisinglysuccessfulsimplybecauseheloseallsupportandhastostandonhisownfeet.

16.單選題

Tosurvive,psychologicallyaswellasphysically,humanbeingmustinhabitaworldthatisrelativelyfreeofambiguityandreasonablypredictable.Somesortofstructuremustbeplacedupontheendlessprofusionofincomingsignals.Theinfant,bornintoaworldofflashing,hissing,movingimages,soonlearnstoadaptbyresolvingthischaosintotoysandtables,dogsandparents.Evenadultswhohavehadtheirvisionorhearingrestoredthroughsurgerydescribetheworldasafrighteningandsometimesunbearableexperience;onlyafterdaysofeffortaretheyabletotransformblurandnoiseintomeaningfulandthereforemanageableexperiences.

Itiscommonplacetotalkasiftheworld"has"meaning,toaskwhat"is"themeaningofaphrase,agesture,apainting,acontract.Yetwhenthoughtabout,itisclearthateventsaredevoidofmeaninguntilsomeoneassignsittothem.Thereisnoappropriateresponsetoaboworahandshake,ashoutorawhisper,untilitisinterpreted.Adropofwaterandthecolorredhavenomeaning,theysimplyexist.Theaimofhumanperceptionistomaketheworldintelligiblesothatitcanbemanagedsuccessfully;theattributionofmeaningisaprerequisitetoandpreparationforaction.

Peopleareneverpassivereceivers,merelyabsorbingeventsofobvioussignificance,butareactiveinassigningmeaningtosensation.Whatanyeventacquiredinthewayofmeaningappearstoreflectatransactionbetweenwhatistheretobeseenorheard,andwhattheinterpreterbringstoitinthewayofpastexperienceandprevailingmotive.Thustheattributionofmeaningisalwaysacreativeprocessbywhichtherawdataofsensationaretransformedtofittheaimsoftheobserver.

Thediversityofreactionsthatcanbetriggeredbyasingleexperience-meetingastranger,negotiatingacontract,attendingatextileconferenceisimmense.Eachobserverisforcedtoseeitthroughhisowneyes,interpretitinthelightofhisownvalues,fitittotherequirementsofhisowncircumstances.Asaconsequence,everyobjectandmessageisseenbyeveryobserverfromasomewhatdifferentperspective.Eachpersonwillnotesomefeaturesandneglectothers.EachwillacceptsonicrelationsamongthefactsanddenyothersEachwillarriveatsomeconclusion,tentativeorcertain,asthesoundsandformsresolveintoa"temple"or"barn",a"compliment"or"insult".

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat（

）.

2.Inordertoassignmeaningtoanythingintheworld,oneneedsto

（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

4.Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthisarticleisto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theworldisbewilderingtotheinfantandtotheadultalike.

B.surgerywillrestoreameaningfulworldtothosewhoundertakeit

C.anyresponsetotheworldwouldbeimpossibleifmeaningwerenotfirstassignedtoit

D.theworldwillbedevoidofmeaningifpeoplefailtounderstandthespecialincomingsignals

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.haveafullknowledgeofthestructureoftheworld

B.transformtheincomingsignals,withthehelpofpreviousexperiences,sothattheycanserveone'sownpurpose

C.differentiateincomingsignalsthatareofsignificanceandthosethatarenot

D.beendowedwithcreativeness

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Onlyvisualimagescanbeassignedmeaning

B.Incomingsignalsexistforthepurposeofconveyingmeaningtopeople

C.Anindividualmighthavetoadapthimselftothediversifiedexperienceinthisworld

D.Peoplemayhavedifferentresponsestothesameincomingsignal.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.illustratethedifferentperspectivespeoplemaytakeininterpretinganexperience

B.showthatmeaningisbutasubjectivematter

C.demonstratehowwecanassignmeaningtotheworld

D.arguethatoneneedstohavesomeinsighttounderstandtheworld

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由第二段最后一句“Theaimofhumanperceptionistomaketheworldintelligiblesothatitcanbemanagedsuccessfully;theattributionofmeaningisaprerequisitetoandpreparationforaction.人類感知的目的是使世界變得可理解，以便成功地管理世界;意義的歸屬是行動(dòng)的前提和準(zhǔn)備。”可知C項(xiàng)“如果世界沒有提前被賦予具體意義，那么對(duì)于世界的任何反應(yīng)都是不可能的”正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第三段可知“whattheinterpreterbringstoitinthewayofpastexperienceandprevailingmotive.Thustheattributionofmeaningisalwaysacreativeprocessbywhichtherawdataofsensationaretransformedtofittheaimsoftheobserver.這是解釋者根據(jù)過去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和普遍的動(dòng)機(jī)而得出的結(jié)論。因此，意義的歸屬始終是一個(gè)創(chuàng)造性的過程，通過這個(gè)過程，原始的感覺被轉(zhuǎn)化為符合觀察者的目標(biāo)?！贝鸢窧

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第四段“everyobjectandmessageisseenbyeveryobserverfromasomewhatdifferentperspective.Eachpersonwillnotesomefeaturesandneglectothers.每個(gè)觀察者從不同的角度來看待每一個(gè)對(duì)象和信息。每個(gè)人都會(huì)注意到一些特征而忽略其他的。”可知D項(xiàng)正確，答案D

第4題:主旨大意題。文章第一段就提到，世界必須被賦予具體的意義。以及第四段“everyobjectandmessageisseenbyeveryobserverfromasomewhatdifferentperspective.Eachpersonwillnotesomefeaturesandneglectothers.人們看待事物的視角和觀點(diǎn)不同，那么賦予事物的含義也會(huì)不同。”可知整篇文章作者的寫作目的是表明事物的含義都是人賦予的，是主觀的東西。答案B

17.單選題

ShouldIreceiveanymessageswhileIaminthemeeting,kindlyholdthemformetillaftertheoilcompanyrepresentativeshaveleft.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Should

B.whileIaminthemeeting

C.kindlyholdthemfor

D.oilcompanyrepresentativeshaveleft

E.沒有問題

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。名詞所有格漏用。應(yīng)改為oilcompany’srepresentativeshaveleft.

18.單選題

Aman,withhismind（

）bypersonaltrivia,cannotpossiblyaccomplishanythingatanypost.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.presumed

B.preceded

C.preoccupied

D.prescribed

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意‘一個(gè)只專注于個(gè)人瑣事的人是無論如何也不可能完成任何事情的。’可知這里是指“只專注于個(gè)人瑣事的人”，A選項(xiàng)presume“假定”；B選項(xiàng)precede“領(lǐng)先，優(yōu)于”；C選項(xiàng)preoccupy“搶先占有，使…全神貫注”；D選項(xiàng)prescribe“規(guī)定，開處方”。C選項(xiàng)的preoccupiedby...“專注于…”正確。

19.單選題

Firstbornchildreninafamilyseemtohaveastrongerdesiretosucceed（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thandolater-bornchildren

B.butlater-born-childrendo

C.aschildrenbornlater

D.iflater-bornchildrendo

【答案】A

【解析】考查句型結(jié)構(gòu)辨析。dolater-born從句等于later-bornchildrenseemtohaveastrongdesiretosucceed。簡(jiǎn)化使句子簡(jiǎn)潔流暢，因?yàn)閺木渲髡Z長，故do在前。句意：一個(gè)家庭中第一個(gè)孩子似乎有更強(qiáng)烈的成功愿望……。結(jié)合句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。因此答案為A選項(xiàng)。

20.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandputyouranswersonAnswerSheet.

TheTombSweepingDayisoneofthetraditionalChineseholidays.IttypicallyfallsonApril4,5,or6ofthesolarcalendar.Thisfestivalwasoriginallycelebratedfortherevivalofnature.Itmarkedthebeginningoftheplantingseasonandotheroutdooractivities.Atthattime,peoplecelebrateditwithdancing,singing,picnics,andspringouting.Lateritgraduatedintoadaytohonorpastancestors.Today,alltheChinesesweeptheirlateancestors’tombswhenthefestivalcomes.Tombsweepingactivitiesusuallyincludeweedingandearthingupthetombs,offeringsacrifices,burningspiritmoney,shootingofffirecrackersandsoon.

【答案】清明節(jié)是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日之一。它通常是在陽歷的4月4日、5日或6日。這個(gè)節(jié)日最初是為了慶祝大自然的復(fù)興并且標(biāo)志著種植季節(jié)和其他戶外活動(dòng)的開始。在這個(gè)節(jié)日里，人們以跳舞、唱歌、野餐和春游來慶祝它。后來它逐漸演變成紀(jì)念祖先的日子。如今，每逢清明節(jié)來臨，所有的中國人都會(huì)為先人掃墓。掃墓活動(dòng)通常包括除草、掘土、祭祀、燒紙錢、放鞭炮等。

21.單選題

Thecar,atleastasweknowit,isonthewayout,becauseitsexhaust（

）athreattotheenvironment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.originates

B.poses

C.offends

D.paralyzes

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。originate起源，發(fā)源；pose造成問題等；offend冒犯，進(jìn)攻；paralyze使麻痹。句意：至少就我們所知，汽車正在被淘汰，因?yàn)樗膹U氣對(duì)環(huán)境造成了威脅。poseathreatto為固定搭配，表示“對(duì)...造成威脅”，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

22.單選題

Whathetoldyouisstrictly（）.Don’tletanyoneelseknowofit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.secretive

B.individual

C.particular

D.confidential

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。secretive“秘密的，偷偷摸摸的”；individual“個(gè)別的，獨(dú)特的”；particular“特別的，詳細(xì)的”；confidential“機(jī)密的，表示信任的”。根據(jù)下一句的內(nèi)容“不要讓其他人知曉此事”，可知他所告知的事情是機(jī)密的，對(duì)被告知人是表示信任的，所以選項(xiàng)D相對(duì)于選項(xiàng)A來說要更恰當(dāng)。

23.單選題

I（）thejusticeandfoughtagainstcorruptionatmybest.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confirmed

B.upheld

C.overwhelmed

D.established

【答案】B

【解析】confirmed確認(rèn),堅(jiān)定;uphold支持,維護(hù);overwhelmed壓倒,淹沒;established制定,建立。句意：我維護(hù)正義,盡我最大的努力與腐敗作斗爭(zhēng)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

24.翻譯題

Oncethefirstlaughterhadbeenlaughedbyprimitiveman,withsuchapparentlypleasurableeffectsallaround,laughterbegantotakeonanintrinsicvaluewithinthesocietyofman.Thepersonpossessingtheabilitytocommunicatepleasureinaloudlaughbegantoenjoysocialadvantagesoverhismoreseriouscolleagues,hebecamea“goodmixer”sociallyselectedandlikedbysociety.Thustheprocessofnaturalselection(thesurvivaloft