書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-川北幼兒師范高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese

Someoldpeoplearetroubledbythefearofdeath.Intheyoungthereisajustificationforthisfeeling.Youngmenwhohavereasontofeartheywillbekilledinabattlemayjustifiablyfeelbitterinthethoughtthattheyhavebeencheatedofthebestthingsthatlifehastooffer.Butinanoldmanwhohasknownhumanjoysandsorrowsandhasdonewhateverworkitwasinhimtodo,thefearofdeathissomewhatignoble.Thebestwaytoovercomeit—soatleastitseemstome―istomakeyourinterestsgraduallywiderandmoreimpersonal,untilbitbybitthewallsoftheegorecede,andyourlifebecomesincreasinglypartoftheuniversallife.Anindividualhumanexistenceshouldbelikeariver—smallatfirst,narrowlycontainedwithinitsbanks,andrushingpassionatelypastrocksandoverwaterfalls.Graduallytherivergrowwider,thebanksrecede,thewatersflowmorequietly,andintheend,withoutanyvisiblebreak,theybecomepartofthesea,andpainlesslylosetheirindividualbeing.

【答案】有些老年人恐懼死亡。要是年輕人這樣想.那倒情有可原。那些害怕在戰(zhàn)爭中陣亡的年輕人，想到自己被生活所欺騙，錯(cuò)失了生命中最美好的東西，感到苦澀理所當(dāng)然。但對于一個(gè)飽嘗了人間悲歡離合，實(shí)現(xiàn)一生抱負(fù)的老人來說，恐懼死亡就有點(diǎn)不光彩了。戰(zhàn)勝對死亡的恐懼的最好的方法是——至少對我而言是可行的一一逐步拓寬你的興趣，并使其不受人際感情的影響，直到自我的圍城慢慢地消失，你的生命加快融入到眾生之中。一個(gè)人應(yīng)當(dāng)像一條河流，開始時(shí)窄而淺，靜靜流淌于兩岸之中，然后，奔騰沖擊于巖石之間，飛流直下于高崖之處。慢慢地，河流越走越寬，河岸逐步退去，水流更顯平緩，直到最后，毫無跡象地融入大海，平和地失去了個(gè)體的存在。

2.單選題

Tovisitzoosthatsimulatethenaturalhabitatsofanimals（

）ofgreatinteresttozoologists.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.are

B.be

C.were

D.is

【答案】D

【解析】考查主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是不定式做主語，也就是參觀動(dòng)物園這件事為主語，所以謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該為單數(shù)，首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C；句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.單選題

Thesnowseemstohaveset（）fortheevening.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.upon

B.in

C.about

D.down

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)setupon“襲擊；挑撥，唆使；開始”；B選項(xiàng)setin“開端；來臨；到來”；Csetabout選項(xiàng)“開始著手；考慮”；D選項(xiàng)setdown“放下；記下；登記；寫下”。句意：晚上似乎要下雪了。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

--“Doesn’tyourwiferestrainyoufromsmoking?”

--“I（）fromsmokingeversinceourmarriage.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.restrained

B.haverestrained

C.refrained

D.haverefrained

【答案】D

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。由關(guān)鍵詞sinceourmarriage可知戒煙這件事從過去發(fā)生一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，排除A,C選項(xiàng)；Refrain為不及物動(dòng)詞，后面要加上from，構(gòu)成固定搭配refrainfrom（不再做某事），因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Ihaveaskedalotofpeople,but（）ofthemknew（）aboutsuchathing.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.not...everything

B.neither...something

C.none...anything

D.afew...nothing

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法。afew用于肯定，故排除D項(xiàng)。能與of連用的只有none。anything用于否定。故C項(xiàng)正確。句意：我問了許多人，但是沒有人知道這件事。

6.單選題

Thetopmanagersarefullof（）towardthesalesvolumeofmobilephonesnextyear.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.curiosity

B.optimism

C.passion

D.attitude

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)curiosity“好奇心，求知欲”，B選項(xiàng)optimism“樂觀，樂觀主義”，C選項(xiàng)passion“激情，熱情”，D選項(xiàng)attitude“態(tài)度，看法”，句意：高級經(jīng)理們對明年的手機(jī)銷量非常樂觀。因此，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

7.單選題

Foodsubsidiesarenecessaryforkeepingdownthepriceofdairyproductsandbread.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.controls

B.aids

C.accumulations

D.transformations

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)controls“控制；控制裝置”；B選項(xiàng)aids“艾滋病”；C選項(xiàng)accumulations“積聚，累積；堆積物”；D選項(xiàng)transformations“轉(zhuǎn)變”。句意：食品補(bǔ)貼對于壓低乳制品和面包的價(jià)格是必要的。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵短語keepingdowntheprice（壓低價(jià)格），得知A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Amanhastomake______forhisoldagebyputtingasideenoughmoneytoliveonwhenold.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.supply

B.assurance

C.provision

D.adjustment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)supply“提供”；B項(xiàng)assurance“保證、保險(xiǎn)”；C項(xiàng)provision“供應(yīng)、準(zhǔn)備”；D項(xiàng)adjustment“調(diào)整”；句意：一個(gè)人必須存下足夠的錢來養(yǎng)老。因此該題C項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Themembersofthebranchwereindignantthatgovernmenthadplantedtwospiesamongthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.irate

B.indifferent

C.insensible

D.inspired

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)irate“生氣的；發(fā)怒的”；B選項(xiàng)indifferent“冷淡的；不關(guān)心的；中等的”；C選項(xiàng)insensible“昏迷的；無知覺的；麻木不仁的”；D選項(xiàng)inspired“品質(zhì)優(yōu)秀的；能力卓越的；借助于靈感創(chuàng)作的”。句意：支部的成員對政府在他們中間安插了兩名間諜感到憤怒。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵短語plantedtwospiesamongthem“安插了兩名間諜”，可推測支部的成員會(huì)對此十分氣憤，得知A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

It’shardlynewsthattheimmigrationsystemisamess.Foreignnationalshavelongbeenslippingacrosstheborderwithfakepapers,andvisitorswhoarriveintheU.S.legitimatelyoftenoverstaytheirlegalwelcomewithoutbeingpunished.ButsinceSept.11,it’sbecomeclearthatterroristshavebeenshrewdlyfactoringtheweaknessesofoursystemintotheirplans.Inadditiontotheirmasteryofforgingpassports,atleastthreeofthe19Sept.11hijackerswerehereonexpiredvisas.That’sbeenasafebetuntilnow.TheImmigrationandNaturalizationService(INS)lackstheresources,andapparentlytheinclination,tokeeptrackoftheestimated2millionforeignerswhohaveintentionallyoverstayedtheirwelcome.

Butthislaxnesstowardimmigrationfraudmaybeabouttochange.Congresshasalreadytakensomemodeststeps.TheU.S.A.PatriotAct,passedinthewakeoftheSept.11tragedy,requirestheFBI,theJusticeDepartment,theStateDepartmentandtheINStosharemoredata,whichwillmakeiteasiertostopwatch-listedterroristsattheborder.

Butwhat’sreallyneeded,criticssay,iseventougherlawsandmoreresourcesaimedattighteningupbordersecurity.Reformersarecallingforarollbackofrulesthathinderlawenforcement.TheyalsowanttheINStohirehundredsmoreborderpatrolagentsandinvestigatorstokeepillegalimmigrantsoutandtotrackthemdownoncethey’rehere.ReformersalsowanttoseetheINSsetupadatabasetomonitorwhethervisaholdersactuallyleavethecountrywhentheyarerequiredto.

Alltheseproposedchangeswerepartofanewborder-securitybillthatpassedtheHouseofRepresentativesbutdiedintheSenatelastweek.BeforeSept.11,legislationofthiskindhadbeenblockedbytwopowerfullobbies:universities,whichrelyontuitionfromforeignstudentswhocouldbekeptoutbythenewlaw,andbusiness,whichreliesonforeignersforcheaplabor.Sincetheattacks,they’vebackedoff.Thebillwouldhavepassedthistimebutforcongressionalmaneuveringsandisexpectedtobereintroducedandtopassnextyear.

Alsoontheagendafornextyear:aproposal,backedbysomeinfluentiallaw-makers,tosplittheINSintotwoagencies—agoodcopthatwouldtendtoservicefunctionslikeprocessingcitizenshippapersandabadcopthatwouldconcentrateonborderinspections,deportationandotherfunctions.Onereasonforthedivision,supporterssay,isthattheINShasinrecentyearsbecometoofocusedonservingtouristsandimmigrants.AftertheSept.11tragedy,theINSshouldpaymoreattentiontoservingthemillionsofordinaryAmericanswhorelyonthenation’sbordersecuritytoprotectthemfromterroristattacks.

1.Terroristshaveobviouslytakenadvantageof____.

2.WelearnfromthepassagethatcoordinatedeffortswillbemadebyvariousU.S.governmentagenciesto____.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbeforeSept.11,alienswithexpiredvisas____.

4.ItisbelievedbymanythatalltheseyearstheINS____.

5.BeforeSept.11,theU.S.Congresshadbeenunabletopassstricterimmigrationlawsbecause____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thelegalprivilegesgrantedtoforeigners

B.theexcessivehospitalityoftheAmericanpeople

C.theirresponsibilityoftheofficialsatbordercheckpoints

D.thelowefficiencyoftheImmigrationandNaturalizationService

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.refusetherenewingofexpiredvisas

B.wardoffterroristsuspectsattheborder

C.preventtheforgeryofimmigrationpapers

D.limitthenumberofimmigrantstotheU.S.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.mighthavethemextendedwithouttrouble

B.wouldbecloselywatchedbyFBIagents

C.mightstayonforaslongastheywished

D.wouldliveinconstantfearofdeportation

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeenservingtwocontradictoryfunctions

B.hasbeentooliberalingrantingvisastotouristsandimmigrantsindiscriminately

C.hasover-emphasizeditsservicefunctionsattheexpenseofthenation’ssecurity

D.hasignoredthepleasofthetwopowerfullobbies

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theymighthavekeptawayforeignstudentsandcheaplabor

B.itwasdifficulttocoordinatetheeffortsofthecongressmen

C.educationandbusinesscirclescaredlittleaboutnationalsecurity

D.resourceswerenotavailablefortheirenforcement

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Terroristshaveobviouslytakenadvantageof____.顯然，恐怖分子利用了____。

A.thelegalprivilegesgrantedtoforeignersA.給予外國人的法律特權(quán)

B.theexcessivehospitalityoftheAmericanpeopleB.美國人民的盛情款待

C.theirresponsibilityoftheofficialsatbordercheckpointsC.邊境檢查站官員的不負(fù)責(zé)任

D.thelowefficiencyoftheImmigrationandNaturalizationServiceD.移民歸化局的低效率

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段“很明顯，恐怖分子在他們的計(jì)劃中精明地考慮到了我們體系的弱點(diǎn)。”以及“移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人。”由此可知恐怖分子是利用了移民歸化局的不作為。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“給予外國人的法律特權(quán)”，文中沒有提及給予外國人法律特權(quán)，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“美國人民的盛情款待”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“邊境檢查站官員的不負(fù)責(zé)任”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WelearnfromthepassagethatcoordinatedeffortswillbemadebyvariousU.S.governmentagenciesto____.我們從文章中了解到，美國各政府機(jī)構(gòu)將協(xié)同努力____。

A.refusetherenewingofexpiredvisasA.拒絕延長過期簽證

B.wardoffterroristsuspectsattheborderB.在邊境阻止恐怖分子嫌疑人

C.preventtheforgeryofimmigrationpapersC.防止偽造移民文件

D.limitthenumberofimmigrantstotheU.S.D.限制移民美國的人數(shù)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段最后一句“《美國愛國者法案》要求聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局、司法部、國務(wù)院和移民局共享更多數(shù)據(jù)，這將更容易在邊境阻止列入監(jiān)視名單的恐怖分子（stopwatch-listedterroristsattheborder）?！币虼诉xB。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“拒絕延長過期簽證”，文章沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“防止偽造移民文件”，文章沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“限制移民美國的人數(shù)”，文中提及“他們還希望移民歸化局雇傭數(shù)百名邊境巡邏人員和調(diào)查人員，將非法移民拒之門外”但是這并不是美國政府各機(jī)構(gòu)協(xié)同做的，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbeforeSept.11,alienswithexpiredvisas____.從文章中可以推斷，在9?11事件之前，持有過期簽證的外國人____。

A.mighthavethemextendedwithouttroubleA.可能會(huì)毫不費(fèi)力地延長簽證

B.wouldbecloselywatchedbyFBIagentsB.將受到聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局特工的密切監(jiān)視

C.mightstayonforaslongastheywishedC.可以想待多久就待多久

D.wouldliveinconstantfearofdeportationD.一直生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段第二句“長期以來，外國公民一直在用假證件偷渡邊境，而合法抵達(dá)美國的游客經(jīng)常在不受法律歡迎的情況下逾期居留，而沒有受到懲罰。”以及最后一句“據(jù)估計(jì)，有200萬外國人故意滯留時(shí)間過長，移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人。”由此可推斷這些外國人在9?11事件之前想呆多久就呆多久，因?yàn)闆]有任何懲罰，移民歸化局也不會(huì)采取措施。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)毫不費(fèi)力地延長簽證”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“將受到聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局特工的密切監(jiān)視”，文中提到“他們還希望移民歸化局雇傭數(shù)百名邊境巡邏人員和調(diào)查人員，將非法移民拒之門外，并在他們抵達(dá)后進(jìn)行追蹤?！钡沁@是9?11事件后人們呼吁的，9?11事件前文中提到“據(jù)估計(jì)，有200萬外國人故意滯留時(shí)間過長，移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人?！庇纱丝芍麄儾⒉皇鼙O(jiān)視，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“一直生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中”，文中提到“據(jù)估計(jì)，有200萬外國人故意滯留時(shí)間過長，移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人。”由此可知沒有人去追蹤他們，因此他們不生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ItisbelievedbymanythatalltheseyearstheINS____.許多人認(rèn)為，這些年來，INS____。

A.hasbeenservingtwocontradictoryfunctionsA.一直在履行兩個(gè)相互矛盾的職能

B.hasbeentooliberalingrantingvisastotouristsandimmigrantsindiscriminatelyB.在不加區(qū)別地向游客和移民發(fā)放簽證方面過于自由

C.hasover-emphasizeditsservicefunctionsattheexpenseofthenation’ssecurityC.以國家安全為代價(jià)，過分強(qiáng)調(diào)其服務(wù)功能

D.hasignoredthepleasofthetwopowerfullobbiesD.一直無視這兩個(gè)強(qiáng)大游說團(tuán)體的請求

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段“支持者說，造成這種分歧的一個(gè)原因是，移民局近年來過于專注于為游客和移民服務(wù)（becometoofocusedonservingtouristsandimmigrants）。”因此選C。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“一直在履行兩個(gè)相互矛盾的職能”，文中提到“提議將移民局分成兩個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)”，由此可知是提議將其分成兩個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)，并不是一直都在履行兩個(gè)矛盾的職能，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“在不加區(qū)別地向游客和移民發(fā)放簽證方面過于自由”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“一直無視這兩個(gè)強(qiáng)大游說團(tuán)體的請求”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

BeforeSept.11,theU.S.Congresshadbeenunabletopassstricterimmigrationlawsbecause____.在9?11事件之前，美國國會(huì)一直未能通過更嚴(yán)格的移民法，原因是____。

A.theymighthavekeptawayforeignstudentsandcheaplaborA.他們可能會(huì)把外國學(xué)生和廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力拒之門外

B.itwasdifficulttocoordinatetheeffortsofthecongressmenB.協(xié)調(diào)國會(huì)議員們的努力是很困難的

C.educationandbusinesscirclescaredlittleaboutnationalsecurityC.教育界和企業(yè)界對國家安全的關(guān)心甚少

D.resourceswerenotavailablefortheirenforcementD.沒有資源來執(zhí)行它們

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第二段第二句“在9?11事件之前，這類立法曾被兩大強(qiáng)大的游說團(tuán)體阻撓：大學(xué)和商界，前者依賴外國學(xué)生的學(xué)費(fèi)，而外國學(xué)生（foreignstudents）可能會(huì)被新法律拒之門外；后者則依賴外國人提供廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力（cheaplabor）?！庇纱丝芍绻路赏ㄟ^，那么外國學(xué)生和廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力會(huì)被擋在國外。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“協(xié)調(diào)國會(huì)議員們的努力是很困難的”，文中提及“如果不是國會(huì)的操縱，該法案本應(yīng)在這次獲得通過，預(yù)計(jì)該法案將在明年重新提出并獲得通過。”這是發(fā)生在9?11事件之后的并不是之前，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；

C選項(xiàng)“教育界和企業(yè)界對國家安全的關(guān)心甚少”，文中提到“這類立法曾被兩大強(qiáng)大的游說團(tuán)體阻撓：大學(xué)和商界”，但是并不是說教育界和企業(yè)界不關(guān)心國家安全，該選項(xiàng)曲解原文，屬于過度推斷；

D選項(xiàng)“沒有資源來執(zhí)行它們”，根據(jù)文章可知，并不是沒有資源執(zhí)行它們，而是受到兩大游說團(tuán)體的阻撓，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

11.單選題

They（）sotiredifthey（）forawholeday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldn’tfeel,didn’twalk

B.wouldn'tfeel,weren’twalking.

C.wouldn'tbefeeling,weren’twalking

D.wouldn'tbefeeling,hadn’tbeenwalking

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)與題干可知本題考查混合虛擬語氣，if引導(dǎo)的條件句中表示的是與過去事實(shí)相反的情況，應(yīng)該用had+過去分詞，因此可以排除選項(xiàng)A、B、C，又因?yàn)橹骶洳糠直硎镜氖乾F(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況，所以需要用would+動(dòng)原，由此可知，此題選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。句意：如果他們不是一整天都在走路，那么他們將不會(huì)感到如此疲憊。

12.單選題

Universitiesarefrequentlyjudgedonthebasisoftheaccomplishmentsoftheirprofessorsandscientists.Scientistswhopublish,therefore,bringprestigetotheircollegeoruniversity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.achievement

B.funding

C.wisdom

D.fame

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。prestige表示“威望，聲望，聲譽(yù)”；A項(xiàng)achievement“成就，完成，達(dá)到”，B項(xiàng)funding“提供資金”，C項(xiàng)wisdom“智慧，才智，明智”，D項(xiàng)fame“名聲，名望，傳聞”。句意：人們常常根據(jù)教授和科學(xué)家的成就來評判大學(xué)；因此，發(fā)表論文的科學(xué)家會(huì)給他們的學(xué)院或大學(xué)帶來聲望。因此，根據(jù)句意可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Havinga(n)（

）attitudetowardspeoplewithdifferentideasisanindicationthatonehasbeenwelleducated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tolerant

B.analytical

C.bearable

D.elastic

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。tolerant“寬容的，容忍的”；analytical“分析的，解析的”；bearable“可忍受的，支持得住的”；elastic“有彈性的，靈活的，易伸縮的”。根據(jù)句意“____對待持有不同觀點(diǎn)人是一種受過良好教育的表現(xiàn)”，C選項(xiàng)的bearable是被迫容忍，tolerant是主動(dòng)容忍，顯然，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

14.單選題

Thecourseleaderrequeststhatallthesesarehandedinbefore5:00p.m.nextFriday.

A

B

C

D

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theses

B.are

C.in

D.nextFriday

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。當(dāng)表示“建議、請求、命令、要求”等主觀意向的詞（suggest，advise，propose，recommend，demand，request等）引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，從句需用虛擬語氣：（should）+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。

試題答案：B;be

15.翻譯題

HanDynasty,foundedin202BC,wasoneofthelongestdynastiesinChinesehistory.Itwasdividedintotwoperiods:theWesternHanDynastyandtheEasternHanDynasty.Consideredagoldenage,HanDynastycreatedagloriouscivilizationinvariousaspects,includingeconomy,culture,artaswellasscienceandtechnology,etc.HanDynastylaidafoundationfortheethniccultureoftheHanNationality,andConfucianismrespectedbytheWesternHanDynastybecamethemainstreamideologyofChina.

【答案】漢朝建于公元前202年，是中國歷史上存在時(shí)間最長的朝代之一，分為西漢與東漢兩個(gè)階段。漢朝被稱為黃金時(shí)代，在經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、藝術(shù)和科技等各個(gè)方面均創(chuàng)造了輝煌的文明。漢朝奠定了漢民族的民族文化，西漢所尊崇的儒家思想成為中國的主流思想。

16.單選題

NorthKoreahas（）tieswithSouthKorea,excepttheKaesongZone,ajointventurebetweenthetwoKoreas,readyingitselfforastateofthewar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.savored

B.severed

C.segmented

D.segregated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)savored“盡情享受；欣賞”；B選項(xiàng)severed“斷絕；分離”；C選項(xiàng)segmented“分割；分裂”；D選項(xiàng)segregated“使隔離；使分離”。句意：除了開城工業(yè)區(qū)這個(gè)兩國的合資企業(yè)，北朝鮮已經(jīng)……與南韓的聯(lián)系，準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)入戰(zhàn)爭狀態(tài)。B，C，D選項(xiàng)都有分離的意思，由后面的名詞ties“紐帶；聯(lián)系”，可知句中是指斷開兩國之間的聯(lián)系。severed就有斷絕關(guān)系或者斷開聯(lián)系的意思。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.單選題

Usingpopularathletestoendorseandpitchcompaniesandtheirproductshasbecomecommonplaceinadvertising.U.S.companiespaidmorethan$1billiontonearly2,000athletesforendorsementdealsandlicensingrightsin1996-atenfoldincreasefromjustadecadeago.Nikealonespendsmorethan$100millionayearonendorsementcontracts.TheaverageathleteontheForbessuper40listoftop-earningathletescommandsaround$250,000ayearforanationalendorsement.SuperstarMichaelJordan,theathletewhomakesthemostfromendorsements,considersonlymultiyeardealsthatpayatleast$10million.Inadditiontotheendorsementfees,companiesspendanother$10billiontoadvertiseandpromotetheirassociationtotheseathletes.

Whilecompaniesareinvestinghugesumsofmoneyintotheconceptthatathletesmakegoodpromoter,theyarealsorecognizingthatchoosingacelebrityendorserisnolongeramatterofpersonaltasteandtop-managementwhimsy.Severalcompanieshavebeenbadlyburnedwhentheirhigh-pricedendorserswereinvolvedinmessyscandalsandcontroversies.HertzCorp,usedO.J.Simpsonasitsspokespersonfor20yearsandlostallofthatequitywhenhewasaccusedofmurderinghisex-wifeandherfriend.Smallercompaniesfaceevengreaterriskswhentheyentrusttheirnameandimagetoanathlete.WhenDallasCowboysfootballstarMichaelIrvinwascaughtinamotelroomwithstrippersanddrugs,13Toyotadealershipsthatpaidhim$120,000todoaseriesofcommercialshadlittlechoicebuttopulltheadsandswallowthe$400,000inproductioncosts.WhenIrvinrefusedtoreturnhispayment,aswellasa$50,000carthedealershipshadlenthim,theysued,thecasesettledoutofcourt.

Riskmanagementhasbecomeamajorconsiderationforcompaniesconsideringusingathletesasendorsers.However,manymarketersarewillingtotakechanceonirreverentorrebelliousathleteswhoseoutlandishbehaviordrawsattentiontothem.Forexample,basketballstarDennisRodmanhasparlayedhisbadimageintoendorsementcontractswithNike,McDonald's,PizzaHut,ComfortInn,andConverse.Rodman’ssponsorsbelieveheappealstotheelusiveGenerationXmarketthatthesecompaniesaretryingtoreach.However,Rodman’santicshavebecometoomuchforsomecompanies.TheCarl’sJr.fast-foodchaintemporarilysuspendeditsrelationshipwithRodmaninearly1997whenhewassuspendedforkickingacourtsidephotographerduringagame.

Mostcompaniesaremovingawayfromcontroversialathletesandlookingforoneswhowillnotjustattractattentionbutenhancetheimageofthecompanyorbrandtheyareendorsing.Theirgoalistoachieveanendorser'shaloeffect-apositiveassociationthatbathestheproductingoodvibesafterapopularsportscelebrityhaspitchedit.Marketershavediscoveredthatthereareanumberof“niceguys”availabletoendorsetheirproducts.AmongthemaretennisstarsPeteSamprasandMichaelChang(whohasemergedasthemostpopularathleteinAsiabyfar),SanFranciscoquarterbackSteveYoung,baseballironmanCalRipkenJr.,LosAngelesLakersbasketballstarShaquilleO’Neal,hockeystarWayneGretzky,andgolferTigerWoods.Evenformerstarswithlikablepersonalitiesandimagesaspositiverolemodelsarestillpopular,includingArnoldPalmer,JoeMontana,JimPalmer,NolanRyan,andChrisEvert,

PerhapsnobodyembodiesthenewbreedofniceguysuperstarbetterthanbasketballstarGrantHill.AnAll-AmericanatDuke,hestayedallfouryearsandgraduatedwithhisclass.Hisfather,Calvin,playedfootballatYaleandwasastarwiththeDallasCowboys.DuringhisfirsttwoyearsintheNBA,HillreceivedmorefanvotesforaspotontheNBAAll-Starteamthananyotherplayer,includingMichaelJordan.

ThebiggestbeneficiaryofGrantHill’snonabrasive,good-humored,All-AmericanimagehasbeenFila,andItaliancompanythatsignedHilltoanendorsementcontractin1994.SincesigningHill,Filahasbecomethethird-largestsneakermakerintheUnitesStates.Salesshotup37percentin1995andanother40percentin1996to$750million.Hill’snamesakeshoetrailsonlyNike’sAirJordansinsale.FilaofficialsreadilyacknowledgethatHill’s“niceguys”imageappealstothecurrentsensibilitiesofMiddleAmerican.

ThreeyearsagobasketballstarCharlesBarkleyappearedinaNikecommercialwherehegloweredatthecameraanddeclared,“Iamnotarolemodel,”Sincethen,hisendorsementtakebeencutinhalf.Hillreadilyacknowledges“Iamarolemodel.”Inadditiontogetting$6millionayearfromFilaplusa5percentroyaltyonthesaleofhisshoes,HillhasendorsecontractwithSprite,GMCtrucks,Kellogg’sandMcDonald’s.Itappearsthatniceguysarefinishingfirstintheendorsementgame.

1.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthispassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,basketballstarGrantHillhasendorsecontractwith（）

3.Basedonthepassage,whichofthefollowingmakesthemostfromendorsement?

4.Allofthefollowingareregardedas“NiceGuys”availabletoendorsetheproductsEXCEPT（）

5.Fila,anItaliancompanyfirstsignedGrantHilltoanendorsementcontract（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.DallasCowboysfootballstarMichaelIrvinmade13Toyotadealershipspulltheadsandswallowthe$400,000inproductioncosts.

B.“Niceguys”havefarmoreeffectsonU.S.companiesthantheirreverentathletes.

C.BasketballstarGrantHill,embodiesthenewbreedofniceguysuperstarbetterthananyotherathlete.

D.Riskmanagementhasbecomeamajorconsiderationforcompaniesconsideringusingathletesasendorsers.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.McDonald’s

B.Nike

C.PizzaHut

D.HertzCorp.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.GrantHill

B.DennisRodman

C.MichaelJordan

D.O.J.Simpson

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.MichaelChang

B.SteveYoung

C.ShaquilleO’Neal

D.DennisRodman

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.in1996

B.in1995

C.in1994

D.in1993

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)原文中第三段的第一句“Riskmanagementhasbecomeamajorconsiderationforcompaniesconsideringusingathletesasendorsers.”可知本句為全文的中心句。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。選項(xiàng)A只是文中提到的一個(gè)例子；選項(xiàng)B,C描述不準(zhǔn)確。所以本題選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句“...HillhasendorsecontractwithSprite,GMCtrucks,Kellogg’sandMcDonald’s.”可知選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“SuperstarMichaelJordan,theathletewhomakesthemostfromendorsements,considersonlymultiyeardealsthatpayatleast$10million.”可知選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段“Marketershavediscoveredthatthereareanumberof“niceguys”availabletoendorsetheirproducts.Amongthemare...”選項(xiàng)A,B,C均有提及；根據(jù)第三段“basketballstarDennisRodmanhasparlayedhisbadimageintoendorsementcontractswithNike,McDonald's,PizzaHut,ComfortInn,andConverse.”可知DennisRodman的形象不太好。所以本題選D。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的第一句“ThebiggestbeneficiaryofGrantHill’snonabrasive,good-humored,All-AmericanimagehasbeenFila,andItaliancompanythatsignedHilltoanendorsementcontractin1994.”可知選項(xiàng)C正確。

18.單選題

TheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,000yearsago.Now,twitter,instantmessaging,e-mail,blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunication―butnonecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech.

Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingtribute,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.

Overthepastyear,thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsanddownsofwhatwascertainlyastormytime.

Persuasionisusedindealingwithorreconcilingdifferentpointsofview.WhentheleadersmetinCopenhageninDecember2009,persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselvestofirmeraction.

Inspirationalspeechesconfronttheemotions.Theyfocusontopicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople’shearts.Duringwars,generalsusedinspiringspeechestopreparethetroopsforbattle.

Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus.Theinformationmustbeclear,accurate,andexpressedinameaningfulandinterestingway.WhentheH1N1pandemicwasannounced,theideaof“swineflu”scaredmanypeople.InformativespeechesfromWorldHealthOrganizationofficialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicundercontrolsotheycouldtakesensibleprecautions.

Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.Madonna’sspeechaboutMichaelJackson,afterhisdeath,highlightedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusic.

It’snotonlyinworldforumswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole.Itcanalsobesurprisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.

Ifyou’retakingpartinadebateyouneedtopersuadethelistenersofthesoundnessofyourargument.Insports,athletesknowtheimportanceofapeptalkbeforeamatchtoinspireteammates.Youyourselfmaybeaskedtodoapresentationatcollegeorworktoinformtheothersaboutanareaofvitalimportance.

Onamorepersonallevel,afriendmaybeupsetandneedcomforting.Oryoumightbeaskedtointroduceaspeakeratafamilyeventortospeakatawedding,whereyourlanguagewillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.

Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe’rebornwith.EvenBarackObamaworkshardtoperfecteveryspeech.Forabrilliantspeech,therearerulesthatyoucanputtogooduse.Tolearnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast.

7.Theauthorthinksthespokenwordisstillirreplaceablebecause____.

8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTabouttheroleofpublicspeaking?

9.PublicspeakingcanplayallthefollowingrolesEXCEPT____.

10.Thephrase“paystributeto”inPara.7isclosestinmeaningto____.

11.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheauthor’sviewon“greatspeakingability”?

12.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ithasalwaysbeenusedtoinspireorpersuadepeople

B.ithasabigroletoplayintheentertainmentbusiness

C.itplaysimportantrolesinhumancommunication

D.itisofgreatuseineveryday-lifecontext

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Speechesatworldforumscanleadtoeffectivesolutionstoworldproblems.

B.Speechesfrommedicalauthoritiescancalmpeopledownintimesofpandemics.

C.Themoraleofsoldiersbeforeabattlecanbeboostedbyseniorofficers’speeches.

D.Speechespayingtributetothedeadcancomfortthemourners.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.toconvincepeopleinadebate

B.toinformpeopleatapresentation

C.toadvisepeopleatwork

D.toentertainpeopleatawedding

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.expressesone’ssympathyorpity

B.expressesone’sadmirationorrespect

C.expressesone’scomfortorencouragement

D.expressesone’ssadnessormelancholy

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itcomesfromobservingrules.

B.Itcanbeperfectedwitheasyeffort.

C.Itcanbeacquiredfrombirth.

D.Itcomesfromlearningandpractice.

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Publicspeakingininternationalforums.

B.Themanyusesofpublicspeaking.

C.Publicspeakingindailylifecontext.

D.Therulesofpublicspeaking.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

第6題:B

【解析】7.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

1）精準(zhǔn)定位：根據(jù)題干“作者認(rèn)為口語仍然是不可替代的，因?yàn)開___”，可定位到原文第2段Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:Persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingtribute,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.（口語可以有各種重要的功能：勸說或激勵(lì)、告知、表達(dá)敬意、娛樂、或單純介紹某人或某事或接受某事。）

2）綜合理解：A選項(xiàng)“它一直被用來激勵(lì)或說服人們”，是原文提到的原因之一，但不是全部，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全，排除；B選項(xiàng)“它在娛樂業(yè)中扮演著重要的角色”，原文雖然提到了entertaining，但原文指的就是娛樂，而不是選項(xiàng)中所說的娛樂業(yè)，更沒有說在娛樂業(yè)中扮演著重要角色，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念，排除；C選項(xiàng)“它在人類交流中扮演著重要的角色”，該選項(xiàng)是對原文各種功能的概括，表述正確；D選項(xiàng)“它在日常生活中很有用”，可定位到原文第8段It’snotonlyinworldforumswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole.Itcanalsobesurprisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.（不僅僅是在世界論壇上，公眾演講扮演著重要的角色。在我們自己的生活中，它也會(huì)有驚人的幫助。）根據(jù)句意，該選項(xiàng)指提到了日常生活一個(gè)方面，而沒有提到其他方面，屬于以偏概全，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

8.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

1）精準(zhǔn)定位：題干“關(guān)于公眾演講的作用，下列哪個(gè)陳述是不正確的？”

A選項(xiàng)“在世界論壇上的發(fā)言可以為解決世界問題帶來有效的措施”可定位到原文第4段最后一句WhentheleadersmetinCopenhageninDecember2009,persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselv