書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Hewasaskedtobethe（

）ofthebadmintongamebecausehewasanimpartialperson.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.judge

B.umpire

C.fan

D.controller

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。judge意為“法官，審判員”，泛指各種場(chǎng)合中的評(píng)判人員；umpire意為“裁判員”多用于仲裁者本身不需隨比賽移動(dòng)位置，如羽毛球、游泳、板球、棒球等；fan意為“迷，狂熱愛(ài)好者，風(fēng)扇”；controller意為“(尤指大型機(jī)構(gòu)或部門的)管理者，控制者”。由thebadmintongame（羽毛球比賽）可知選B。

句意：他被要求擔(dān)任羽毛球比賽的裁判，因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)公正的人。

2.單選題

Theactivitiesoftheinternationalmarketingresearcherarefrequentlymuchbroaderthan（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedomesticmarketerhas

B.thoseofthedomesticmarketer

C.thedomesticmarketerdoes

D.thatwhichhasthedomesticmarketer

【答案】B

【解析】這是一個(gè)比較從句,those在從句中替代activities。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.單選題

Isitadvisableto______ourbodytothesunlight?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reveal

B.display

C.expose

D.show

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)reveal“揭露，泄露”，B項(xiàng)display“顯示，陳列”，C項(xiàng)expose“暴露”，D項(xiàng)show“展示”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞body“身體”和sunlight“陽(yáng)光”可知，空格部分表示“暴露”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：把我們的身體暴露在陽(yáng)光下可取嗎？因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Jackneedsstraighteningout;hehasbeen_____thewholefemalepopulationofhisclass.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.standingupto

B.owningupto

C.messingaroundwith

D.makingupfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。standupto“經(jīng)得起，抵抗”；ownupto“承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤”；messaroundwith“胡鬧，玩弄”；makeupfor“補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)”。句意：杰克需要改正錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)樗恢焙桶嗌吓螋[。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

Afterseveralnucleardisasters,a（

）hasragedoverthesafetyofnuclearenergy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.quarrel

B.suspicion

C.controversy

D.verdict

【答案】C

【解析】句意:發(fā)生幾次核災(zāi)難之后，關(guān)于核能安全的問(wèn)題引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)激烈的爭(zhēng)論。

名詞辨析。quarrel吵架,口角;suspicion懷疑,疑心;controversy爭(zhēng)論,辯論;verdict（陪審團(tuán)的）裁定。故C符合句意。

6.單選題

Theytook______measurestopreventpoisonousgasesfromescaping.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.efficient

B.beneficial

C.valid

D.effective

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)efficient“有效率的，有能力的”，B項(xiàng)beneficial“有益的，有利的”，C項(xiàng)valid“有效的，合法的”，側(cè)指文件的有效性，D項(xiàng)effective“有效果的，起作用的”。根據(jù)后面部分句子measurestopreventpoisonousgasesfromescaping“防止有毒氣體泄漏的措施”可知，D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：他們采取了有效措施防止有毒氣體泄漏。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Britishfoodhasagoodreputation,butEnglishcookinghasabadone.Itisdifficulttoexplainthereasonforthis.Unfortunately,however,superbrawingredientsareoftenminedfromthekitchensothattheycometothetablewithoutanyofthenaturalflavorandgoodness.

ThisbadreputationdiscouragesalotofpeoplefromeatinginanEnglishrestaurant.Iftheydogotoone,theyareusuallyfullofprejudiceagainstthefood.Itisapity,becausethereareexcellentcooksinEngland,excellentrestaurants,andexcellenthome-cooking.How,then,hasthebadreputationbeenbuiltup?

PerhapsonereasonisthatBritain’sIndustrialRevolutionoccurredveryearly,inthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury.Asaresult;thequalityoffoodchangedtoo.ThiswasbecauseBritainstoppedbeingalargelyagriculturalcountry.Thepopulationofthetownsincreasedenormouslybetween1840and1870,andpeoplecouldnolongergrowtheirownfood,orbuyitfleshfromafarm.Hugequantitiesoffoodhadtobetakentothetowns,andalotofitlostitsfreshnessontheway.

Thislackoffreshnesswasdisguisedby“dressingup”thefood.Therichmiddleclassesate16ngelaboratemealswhichwerecookedforthembyFrenchchefs.Frenchbecame,andhasremained,theofficiallanguageofthediningroom.Out-of-seasondelicacieswereservedinspiteoftheirexpense,fortherewerealargenumberofextremelywealthypeoplewhowantedtoestablishthemselvessocially.The“l(fā)ook”ofthefoodwasmoreimportantthanitstaste.

Inthe1930s,thesupplyofservantbegantodecrease.Peoplestilltriedtoproducecomplicateddishes,however,buttheyeconomizedonthepreparationtime.TheSecondWorldWarmadethingsevenworsebymakingrawingredientsextremelyscarce.Asaresult,thereweremanywomenwhoneverhadtheopportunitytochooseapieceofmeatfromawell-stockedbutcher’sshop,butwerecontentandgratefultoacceptanythingthatwasofferedtothem.

FoodrationingcontinuedinBritainuntiltheearly1950s.Itwasonlyafterthishadstopped,andbutter,eggsandcreambecamemoreplentiful,anditwaspossibletotravelabroadagainandtasteotherwaysofpreparingfood,thattheEnglishdifferencetoeatingbecamereplacedbyanewenthusiasmforit.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,itisdifficulttoexplain（）.

2.ThenegativeeffectofBritain’sIndustrialRevolutiononEnglishcookingisthat（）.

3.AsaresultoftheIndustrialRevolution,（）.

4.TheSecondWorldWarworsenedtheproblembecause（）.

5.AnewenthusiasmforeatingemergedinBritain（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whyexcellentingredientsarespoiledintheprocessofcooking

B.whypeopledonotlikeEnglishcooking

C.whyBritishfoodoftenhasanaturalflavor

D.whypeoplepreferhome-cookingtoreadymadefood

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thepopulationinthecountrysidedecreaseddramatically

B.peoplenolongergrewtheirownfoodontheirownfarms

C.thefreshnessoffoodwaslostonthewaytothecities

D.Britainwasnolongeranagriculturalcountry

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.moreattentionwasgiventothelookofthefood

B.FrenchbecametheofficiallanguageinEnglishrestaurants

C.alargenumberofextremelywealthypeopleateinFrenchrestaurants

D.out-of-seasondelicaciesbecameveryexpensive

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.therewasanincreasingdemandforservants

B.therewasalackofrawingredientsupply

C.manywomenrefusedtochoosemeatfrombutcher’sshops

D.FrenchchefsdominatedEnglishrestaurants

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.whenmanywomenfinallyhadtheopportunitytopurchasefleshmeatfromawell-stockedbutcher’sshop

B.whenbutter,eggsandcreambecameavailable

C.whenpeoplestartedtravelingtoothercities

D.aftertheearly1950s

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的一二句“Britishfoodhasagoodreputation,butEnglishcookinghasabadone.Itisdifficulttoexplainthereasonforthis.”可知，很難解釋的是為什么人們不喜歡英國(guó)的烹飪。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“IndustrialRevolution”定位到第三段，根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，英國(guó)工業(yè)革命對(duì)英國(guó)烹飪產(chǎn)生的一個(gè)負(fù)面影響是“Hugequantitiesoffoodhadtobetakentothetowns,andalotofitlostitsfreshnessontheway.”大量的食物被運(yùn)到城鎮(zhèn)，食物在運(yùn)輸?shù)倪^(guò)程中不再新鮮。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第四段最后一句“The“l(fā)ook”ofthefoodwasmoreimportantthanitstaste.”工業(yè)革命使得人們更注重食物的外觀而不是口感。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“TheSecondWorldWar”定位到倒數(shù)第二段第三句“TheSecondWorldWarmadethingsevenworsebymakingrawingredientsextremelyscarce.”二戰(zhàn)使得原材料極度匱乏，情況更加糟糕。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，在1950年以后，英國(guó)出現(xiàn)了一種新的飲食熱潮。選項(xiàng)D正確。

8.單選題

Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe“fit”insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydaylives,wementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermsoftheirstatuses.Forexample,wemustjudgewhetherthepersoninthelibraryisareaderoralibrarian,whetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesman,whethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathieforameterreader,andsoon.

Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounter,andchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscan,atveryhighspeed,assumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatuses,andallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothers,mostofusperformitrathereffortlessly.

Astatushasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimits,thebuyercanchoose,styleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesefamerorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyoursociety.Furthermore,ourchoiceislimitedtoasizethatwillfit,aswellasbyourpocketbook.Havingmadeachoicewithintheselimitswecanhavecertainalterationsmade,butapartfromminoradjustments,wetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreshaveontheirracks.Statusestoo,comereadymade,andtherangeofchoice,amongthemislimited.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,thewritertellsusthatstatusescanhelpus（）.

2.Accordingtothewriter,peopleoftenassumedifferentstatuses（）.

3.Theword"appraisal"inparagraph2mostprobablymeans（）.

4.Inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraph,thepronoun“it”refersto（）.

5.Bysayingthat“anAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesefarmerorthatofaHinduprince”(Para.3),thewritermeans（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.makefriendswithotherpeople

B.determinewhetherapersonisfitforacertainjob

C.protectourselvesinunfamiliarsituations

D.behaveappropriatelyinrelationtootherpeople

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.inordertobetteridentifyothers

B.astheirmentalprocesseschange

C.asthesituationchange

D.inordertoidentifythemselveswithothers

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.involvement

B.assessment

C.appreciation

D.presentation

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.constantmentalprocess

B.selectingone’sownstatus

C.curiosityofotherpeople'sstatuses

D.fittingouractionstothoseofotherpeopleappropriately

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.differentpeoplehavedifferentstylesofclothes

B.ready-madeclothesmayneedalterations

C.ourchoiceofstatusesislimited

D.statusescomereadymadejustlikeclothes

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第一段首句“Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe‘fit’insociety.地位是人類不可思議的發(fā)明，它使我們能夠彼此和睦相處,并決定我們?cè)谏鐣?huì)中‘適當(dāng)?shù)摹恢谩！币簿褪钦f(shuō)，在與他人相處時(shí)舉止得體，選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的一二句“Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounter,andchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscan,ataveryhighspeed,assumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.我們所假定的身份常常隨著我們遇到的人而變化，并且在一生中不斷變化。我們大多數(shù)人都能以非?？斓乃俣燃俣ǜ鞣N情況所需要的狀態(tài)?！币簿褪钦f(shuō)，人們所假定的身份隨著外部環(huán)境的改變而發(fā)生改變。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.語(yǔ)義推斷題。A選項(xiàng)involvement“牽連，包含”；B選項(xiàng)assessment“評(píng)定，估價(jià)”；C選項(xiàng)appreciation“欣賞，鑒別”；D選項(xiàng)presentation“描述，介紹”。根據(jù)原文句意：這意味著我們的行為與其他人的行為相適應(yīng)是建立在對(duì)他人的評(píng)價(jià)和解釋這種持續(xù)的心理過(guò)程之上的。由此可知，appraisal指評(píng)估，判斷，所以選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句話可知，這里的it指的是前半句提到的“thetask”，而“thetask”指代的是上文提到的fitouractionstothoseofotherpeople。所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.作者意圖題。結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容可知，作者通過(guò)將身份比作衣服，說(shuō)明身份像衣服一樣，受到社會(huì)的限制，選擇的范圍有限。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

9.翻譯題

今諸生學(xué)于太學(xué)(theImperialCollege)，縣官(theroyalcourt)日有廩稍之供，父母歲有裘葛之遺，無(wú)凍餒之患矣；坐大廈之下而誦《詩(shī)》《書(shū)》，無(wú)奔走之勞矣；有司業(yè)(DirectorsofStudies)、博士之師，未有問(wèn)而不告，求而不得者也；凡所宜有之書(shū)集于此，不必若余之手錄，假諸人而后見(jiàn)也。其業(yè)有不精，德有不成者，非天質(zhì)之卑，則心不若余之專耳，豈他人之過(guò)哉？(5分)

人們?yōu)閴?mèng)想而斗爭(zhēng)，正如為財(cái)產(chǎn)而斗爭(zhēng)一樣。于是夢(mèng)想即由幻想的世界走進(jìn)了現(xiàn)實(shí)的世界，而成為了我們生命中的一個(gè)真實(shí)力量。夢(mèng)想無(wú)論怎樣模糊，總潛伏在我們心底，使我們的心境永遠(yuǎn)得不到寧?kù)o，直到這些夢(mèng)想成為事實(shí)為止；像種子在底下一樣，一定要萌芽滋長(zhǎng)，伸出地面來(lái)，尋找陽(yáng)光。(4分)

目前是研究在交叉文化與多種文化方面人類的相似性的最好時(shí)機(jī)了。差異談得夠多了。強(qiáng)調(diào)我們的差異使我們?nèi)祟惐舜耸柽h(yuǎn)，使我們長(zhǎng)久地相互猜疑；在極端的情況下加深我們的分歧使我們彼此否定，失去人性結(jié)果是導(dǎo)致相互殘殺。(3分)

刑事偵破(forensic)科學(xué)家的工作，與其說(shuō)是迅速和富于洞察力，不如說(shuō)是更為緩慢，更具有分析性的。但這種方法所展示出的高質(zhì)量與謹(jǐn)慎可由如下事實(shí)得以反映出來(lái)：只有少數(shù)案件真正會(huì)成為審判室的主要案件。鑒于在預(yù)審中被告所聽(tīng)到的刑偵證據(jù)之確鑿，他們常常折服于證明他們有罪的有分量的科學(xué)信息，并且在審判還未開(kāi)始之前就低頭認(rèn)罪。（3分）

【答案】NowadaysmanystudentspursueaneducationintheImperialCollege,theywouldn’tneedtoworryaboutstarvationandcoldnessastheroyalcourtwouldofferthemeverydayfoodforfreeandparentsyourseasonalclothes.Withoutgoingoutside,theyjustsitinthecomfortableroomandreadtheclassicpoemsandhistoricalbooks.WithDirectorsofStudiesandMr.Knowledgebeingtheirteachers,alloftheirquestionsandinquirieswillbesolved.TheCollegehassuchasufficientcollectionofbooksthattheyneedn’tmakehandwrittencopiesafterborrowingbooksfromotherslikeIdidbefore.Iftheymakenoachievementintheirstudyandfailtobeapersonofhighvirtue,itdoesn’tresultfromtheirlearningabilitybuttheirlessdevotion.Itistheirownfault.

Peoplefightfordreamsjustthesameasforwealth.Dreamscomeintotherealityworldfromafantasyone,andbecomeakindofrealforceinourlives.Nomatterhowpuzzlingtheymayseem,dreamshideinourinnerheartssothatwecouldeverfindnopeaceinourmindsuntiltheybecomereality.Likeseedsdeepunderground,dreamssproutandgrowtofindthesun.

Itisthebesttimenowtostudyonhumansimilaritiesincross-cultureandmulti-cultureaspects.Nomoredifferences.Emphasizingthedifferenceskeepsusawayfromeachotherandsuspectseachotherforalongtime.Deepeningourdivergenceswouldresultin,tosomeextremes,ourdoubtstoeverybody,andmakeourhumannaturelost,wemightendupwithcruelkillingamongus.

Ratherthanbeingquickandofgreatinsight,theforensicscientists'workremainsslowandanalytic.Thehighqualityandcarefulnessofthismethod,however,couldbeshownonthefollowingfacts.Onlyafewcaseswouldactuallycometotrial.Thedefendantsareoftenconvincedbytheforensicevidencepresentedinthepre-trials,whicharescientificandimportantenoughtoestablishtheirguilt,andcommittocrimesbeforetrials.admittheircrimesbeforetrials.

10.單選題

Businesstourismisverylucrativeasbusinesstravelershaveahigherspendthanleisuretourists,which（）createsmorejobs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inessence

B.incontrast

C.inturn

D.inpart

【答案】D

【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)inessence表示“本質(zhì)上，大體上”；B選項(xiàng)incontrast表示“與之相反，比較起來(lái)”；C選項(xiàng)inturn表示“反過(guò)來(lái)，輪流”；D選項(xiàng)inpart表示“部分地，在某種程度上”。由句意可知，商務(wù)旅游是非常有利可圖的，因?yàn)樯虅?wù)旅行者比休閑游客有更高的消費(fèi)，這___創(chuàng)造了更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，只有D選項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此，本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

11.單選題

Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehascometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferences,thatitisnotevenquestioned.Therearecountrieswherethewhitemanimposedhisrulebybruteforce;therearecountrieswheretheblackmanprotestsbysettingfiretocitiesandbylootingandpillaging.Importantpeopleonbothsides,whowouldinotherrespectsappealtobereasonablemen,getupandcalmlyargueinfavorofviolenceasifitwerealegitimatesolution,likeanyother.Whatisreallyfrightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespair,istherealizationthatwhenitcomestothecrunch,wehavemadenoactualprogressatall.Wemaywearcollarsandtiesinsteadofwar-paint,butourinstinctsremainbasicallyunchanged.Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.Wehavestillnotlearntthatviolenceneversolvesaproblembutmakeitmoreacute.Thesheerhorror,thebloodshedandthesufferingmeannothing.Nosolutionevercomestolightthemorningafterthenwedismallycontemplatethesmokingruinsandwonderwhathitus.

Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.Ifhalftheenergythatgoesintoviolentactswereputtogooduse,ifoureffortsweredirectedatcleaninguptheslumsandghettos,atimprovingliving-standardsandprovidingeducationandemploymentforall,Wewouldnothavegonealongwaytoarrivingatasolution.Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesinitswake.Inawell-directedeffort,itwouldnotbeimpossibletofulfilltheidealsofastablesocialprogramme.Thebenefitsthatcanbederivedfromconstructivesolutionsareeverywhereapparentintheworldaroundus.Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.

Beforewecanevenbegintocontemplatepeacefulco-existencebetweentheraces,wemustappreciateeachother’sproblems.Andtodothis,wemustlearnaboutthem:itisasimpleexerciseincommunication,inexchanginginformation.“Talk,talk,talk，’’theadvocatesofviolencesay,“allyoueverdoistalk,andwearenonethewiser.”It’sratherlikethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscasetothejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser.“Possible,mylord,”thebarristerreplied“nonethewiser,butsurelyfarbetterinformed.”Knowledgeisthenecessary,prerequisitetoWisdom:theknowledgethatviolencecreatestheevilsitpretendstosolve.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Recordedhistoryhastaughtus（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredthattrulyreasonablemen

（

）.

4.“Hewasnonethewiser”means

（

）.

5.Accordingtheauthorthebestwaytosolveraceprejudiceis（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.AdvocatingViolence.

B.ViolenceCanDoNothingtoDiminishRacePrejudice.

C.ImportantPeopleonBothSidesViolenceasaLegitimateSolution.

D.TheInstinctsofHumanRaceAreThirstyforViolence.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.violenceneversolvesanything

B.nothing

C.thebloodshedmeansnothing

D.everything

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.can’tgetahearing

B.arelookeddownupon

C.arepersecuted

D.havedifficultyinadvocatinglawenforcement

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.hewasnotatallwiseinlistening

B.Hewasnotatallwiserthannothingbefore

C.Hegainsnothingafterlistening

D.Hemakesnosenseoftheargument

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.lawenforcement

B.knowledge

C.nonviolence

D.moppinguptheviolent

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題目問(wèn)的是“這篇文章最適合的標(biāo)題是……”。文章提到有些國(guó)家的人傾向于用暴力解決問(wèn)題，這種行為甚至被認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然的（Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehascometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferences,thatitisnotevenquestioned），接著又提到暴力解決不了問(wèn)題，只會(huì)讓問(wèn)題更尖銳（Wehavestillnotlearntthatviolenceneversolvesaproblembutmakeitmoreacute），因此，選項(xiàng)B“暴力不能解決任何種族糾紛”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的“有記錄的歷史教會(huì)我們……”。文章第一段提到“人類有記載的那些關(guān)于暴力的歷史完全沒(méi)有教我們?nèi)魏螙|西”（Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing），因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“可以推斷真正理智的人……”。文章第二段第一二句提到“真正理智的人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的方法越來(lái)越難以被傾聽(tīng)。他們被自己的同類鄙視，不信任、甚至迫害，因?yàn)樗麄冃麚P(yáng)的是讓他人憤怒的事情”（Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement），選項(xiàng)D“在支持執(zhí)法上遇到困難”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“‘Hewasnonethewiser’意味著……”。文章第三段提到“聽(tīng)了一場(chǎng)冗長(zhǎng)的辯論后，法官抱怨說(shuō)，聽(tīng)了這番話，他還是一竅不通”（Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser），因此選項(xiàng)C“傾聽(tīng)后他什么都沒(méi)得到”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“在作者看來(lái)，消除種族歧視問(wèn)題的最好辦法是……”。文章第二段最后一句話提到“只要我們?cè)诜煽蚣軆?nèi)努力，真正的與長(zhǎng)久的解決辦法將有可能”（Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw），選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.單選題

Stadiumsandgymnasiumsarejustsomeofthetown’slocal______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.amenities

B.amendments

C.ameliorations

D.amusements

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)amenity“生活福利設(shè)施，便利設(shè)施”，B項(xiàng)amendment“（法律、文件的）改動(dòng)，修改”，C項(xiàng)amelioration“改進(jìn)，改善”，D項(xiàng)amusement“消遣，娛樂(lè)”。由stadiums（體育場(chǎng)）和gymnasiums（體育館）可知，A項(xiàng)符合。句意：體育場(chǎng)和體育館只是鎮(zhèn)上的一些地方設(shè)施。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

13.單選題

Hewasinextremestateofdistressanddepressionwhenheknewthathehad（）lungcancer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.extracted

B.contracted

C.abstracted

D.attracted

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配題。contractadisease為固定搭配,意為"感染疾病";extract"提取;搾出",一般與介詞from連用;abstract"提取,摘要";attract"吸引,引起…的注意"。句意：當(dāng)他知道自己得了肺癌時(shí)，他極度痛苦和沮喪。

14.單選題

OneofthefavoritefoodsintheUnitedStatesisthehamburger,akindofflatroundbreadwithfine-cutbeefinbetween.Thefavoriteplacetobuyahamburgerisafastfoodrestaurant.Atfastfoodrestaurants,peopleordertheirfood,waitafewminutestogetitoverthecounter,andcarryittotheirtablesthemselves.Peoplealsotaketheirfoodoutoftherestauranttoeatitintheircarsorintheirhomes.Atsomefastfoodrestaurants,peoplecanordertheirfood,payforitandpickitupwithoutleavingtheircars.

TherearemanykindsoffastfoodrestaurantsintheUnitedStates.MostoftherestaurantssellhamburgersorotherpopularfoodsamongAmericans.Inaddition,therearemanyfastfoodrestaurantsthatserveChinesefood,Italianfood,chicken,seafoodandicecream.Theideaofafastfoodrestaurantissopopularthatnearlyeverykindoffoodcanbefoundinone.

FastfoodrestaurantsarepopularbecausetheyshowtheAmericanwayoflife.First,theyarenotformalrestaurants.Peoplewearanytypeofdresswhentheygotoafastfoodplace.Second,theyarefast.Peoplewhoarebusydonotwanttospendtimepreparingtheirfoodorwaitingwhilesomeoneelsepreparesit.Infastfoodrestaurantsthefoodrestaurantisnotexpensive.Therefore,peoplecanofteneatatafastfoodrestaurantwithoutspendingtoomuchmoney,whiletheymaynotbeabletogotomoreexpensiverest

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

2.Fastfoodrestaurantsarepopularbecausethey（

）.

3.Accordingtothewriter,Americanpeople

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,thefavoriterestaurantsintheU.S.are

（

）.

5.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Chinesefoodisalsoservedinsomefastfoodrestaurants

B.Peoplecanhavealmosteverykindoffoodinfastfoodrestaurants

C.Fastfoodcanbetakenoutoftherestaurants

D.Fastfoodcanbetakenoutoftherestaurants

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.aremany

B.arefast

C.areexpensiverestaurants

D.serveexpensivefood

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.arealwaysbusy

B.preferordinarytypeofdress

C.donotwanttospendtoomuchtimepreparingtheirfood

D.gotomoreexpensiverestaurantsveryoften

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theChineserestaurants

B.thefastfoodrestaurants

C.moreexpensiverestaurants

D.lessexpensiverestaurants

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.FastfoodRestaurantsintheU.S.

B.TheFavoriteFoodintheU.S.

C.TheAmericanWayofLife

D.DifferentKindsofRestaurants

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章最后一段指出:mostfoodinafastfoodrestaurantisnotexpensive(快餐店的大多數(shù)食物都不貴),因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:FastfoodrestaurantsarepopularbecausetheyshowtheAmericanwayoflife(快餐店很受歡迎，因?yàn)樗鼈冋宫F(xiàn)了美國(guó)人的生活方式),后面指出了受歡迎的第二點(diǎn)原因,即快餐店很快。因此B正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:peoplewhoarebusydonotwanttospendtimepreparingtheirfood...(忙碌的人不想花時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備食物),因此C正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:Fastfoodrestaurantsarepopular…,而且文章都是在講快餐店很受歡迎。故B項(xiàng)“快餐店”正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段講快餐店的點(diǎn)餐方式,第二段講美國(guó)快餐店種類之多,第三段講快餐店受歡迎的原因。因此A項(xiàng)“美國(guó)的快餐店”正確。

15.單選題

Islifetodaymoredangerousthanitusedtobe?Itcertainlyseemsthatway.Withtheradiationemittedbyourhouses,thearsenic(砷)inthewaterandthetoxicrayscomingoutofcellphones,itisn’treallysafetosleep,drinkortalk.

LastweektheentireMetrosysteminWashingtonhadtoclosedownbecausesomeonemightbeblownontothetracksduringahurricane.ThisweekchildreninWashingtonwerenotallowedtogotoschoolforawholedaybecausestreetswereblockedbyfallentreesandpowerlines,andtrafficlightsatsomeintersectionsweren’tworking.Apreviousgenerationmighthavewalkedaroundthefallentreesandlookedbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet,butthechildrenofthisgenerationclearlyliveinamuchmoredangerousworld,andweneedtoprotectthem.

AfterSept.11,2001,thousandsofpeoplesworeoffairplanesandbegandrivingcars.Infact,theoddsofbeingkilledinaterroristincidentin2002wereonein9million.Inthatsameyear,theoddsofdyinginatrafficaccidentwereaboutonein7,000.

Bytakingtheprecautionofnotflying,manypeopledied.

Therearesomeclearpsychologicalexplanationsforsomeofthis.It’safactthatpeoplefearman-madedisasters(terrorism)farmorethantheyfearnaturaldisasters(hurricanes),andtheyaremoreafraidofthingstheydonotcontrol,whichiswhydrivingacardoesfeelsaferthanflyinginanairplane.Also,althoughIhavenoproof,I’llhazardaguessthatpeoplearedisproportionatelyfrightenedbythingstheyreadaboutinthenewspaper.Bycontrast,theyaredisproportionatelywillingtodiscounttheevidenceoftheirownexperience.Ifyoulookaroundyourneighborhood,you’llnoticethatthewaterisclean—whichitwouldn’tnecessarilyhavebeen100yearsago—andthatthefoodisn’trottenorstale.

LifeisfarsaferfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhastojustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory—andmaybethatexplainstheludicrousprecautionsthatcityofficialsandfederalbureaucratsandeveryoneelsefeelsobligatedtotakenowadaystosatisfythepublic’sdemands.Nowthatwe’veeliminatedmostofthethingsthatthehumanraceoncefeared,we’vejustinventednewonestoreplacethem.

1.ChildrenarenotallowedtogotoschoolforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT______.

2.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatthepreviousgeneration______.

3.Whichistheacceptedpsychologicalexplanationforpeople’sfearasmentionedinthepassage?

4.Itisindicatedinthepassagethatinthepast______.

5．Theauthorbelievesthat______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fallentrees

B.fallenpowerlines

C.acominghurricane

D.brokentrafficlights

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.knewbetterhowtoavoiddanger

B.waslessfussyaboutdangers

C.livedinamoredangerousworld

D.wasbetteratprotectingthemselves

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplearemoreafraidofthingstheydonotknowthanthingstheyarefamiliarwith.

B.Peoplearemoreafraidofdangersreportedinnewspapersthanthosetheyexperience.

C.Peoplearemoreafraidofflyinginanairplanethanridingatrain.

D.Peoplearemoreafraidofterroristdisastersthannaturaldisasters.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.lifewasmoreenjoyable

B.waterwaslesscleanandfresh

C.foodswereofbettertasteandquality

D.streetsweresaferforchildrentocross

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.peopleareoverreactingtodangersnowadays

B.peoplehavegoodreasontofearthedangerstoday

C.lifeisfullofdangers,especiallyafterthe9.11attacks

D.childrenshouldbebetterprotectedagainstdangers

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項(xiàng)“倒下的樹(shù)木”，B選項(xiàng)“掉落的電線”，由原文becausestreetswereblockedbyfallentrees（因?yàn)榻值辣坏瓜碌臉?shù)木和電線堵塞了）可知，A,B選項(xiàng)是華盛頓的孩子們不能去上學(xué)的原因，排除A,B。D選項(xiàng)“交通燈壞了”，由原文andtrafficlightsatsomeintersectionsweren’tworking.（一些十字路口的交通燈也不能工作。）可知，D選項(xiàng)是華盛頓的孩子們不能去上學(xué)的原因，排除D。C選項(xiàng)“即將到來(lái)的颶風(fēng)”，由原文可知，颶風(fēng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，所以本題選C。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Apreviousgenerationmighthavewalkedaroundthefallentreesandlookedbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet,butthechildrenofthisgenerationclearlyliveinamuchmoredangerousworld,andweneedtoprotectthem.（上一代可能會(huì)在過(guò)馬路前繞著倒下的樹(shù)走，左右張望，但這一代的孩子顯然生活在一個(gè)更加危險(xiǎn)的世界里，我們需要保護(hù)他們。），說(shuō)明上一代人更懂得如何在面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)保護(hù)自己。因此D選項(xiàng)“在保護(hù)自己方面做得更好”正確。A選項(xiàng)“更知道如何避免危險(xiǎn)”，B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)危險(xiǎn)不那么挑剔”在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以A,B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“生活在一個(gè)更危險(xiǎn)的世界里”，由原文可知，是這一代的孩子生活在更危險(xiǎn)的世界里，所以C錯(cuò)誤。

3.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段第一、二句Therearesomeclearpsychologicalexplanationsforsomeofthis…andtheyaremoreafraidofthingstheydonotcontrol（對(duì)此有一些明確的心理學(xué)解釋……人們更害怕自己無(wú)法控制的東西），說(shuō)明對(duì)恐懼的公認(rèn)心理學(xué)解釋是人們更害怕未知的無(wú)法控制的東西。因此A選項(xiàng)“人們更害怕他們不知道的東西，而不是他們熟悉的東西?！闭_。B選項(xiàng)“人們更害怕報(bào)紙上報(bào)道的危險(xiǎn)，而不是他們所經(jīng)歷的?！?，C選項(xiàng)“比起坐火車，人們更害怕坐飛機(jī)?！?，D選項(xiàng)“比起自然災(zāi)害，人們更害怕恐怖主意災(zāi)難?！倍际蔷唧w的事例，而不是心理學(xué)解釋，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Ifyoulookaroundyourneighborhood,you’llnoticethatthewaterisclean—whichitwouldn’tnecessarilyhavebeen100yearsago—andthat