書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-昆明學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Themodernhugebuildinglooks______inthatold-fashionedvillage.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.immeasurable

B.inopportune

C.incongruous

D.importunate

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.immeasurable不可估量的；無(wú)限的B.inopportune不合時(shí)宜的

C.incongruous不合適的；不相稱(chēng)的D.importunate再三要求的；糾纏不休的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】按照句意“這座現(xiàn)代化的巨大建筑看起來(lái)______在那個(gè)老式的村莊里”可知，現(xiàn)代建筑和老式房屋是不相協(xié)調(diào)的，所以空格處表示“不協(xié)調(diào)的，不相稱(chēng)的”符合句意，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】這座現(xiàn)代化的高樓大廈在那個(gè)老式村莊里顯得很不協(xié)調(diào)。

2.單選題

Theplantoallowthereadingpublictorente-books,muchastheyrentmovies,hasprovedsomuchmorecontentiousthanitspioneer,theformerWaterstonesmanagingdirectorTimCoates,hadhoped.

ThatpublishersareverycautiousoftheideaofhisnewBilbarye-rentalventure,whichlaunchedthisweek,isperhapsnotentirelysurprising:althoughthee-rentalsautomaticallydeletethemselveswhentheborrowingtimeexpires,theyfeartheschememightharmsales.

Lesscontroversial,however,isMrCoates’generouspledgetodonateagoodchunkofBilbary’sprofitstocampaignstokeepopenlibrariesthreatenedbygovernmentbudgetcuts.Hundredsofthenation’s4,000publiclibrariesareatrisk;andcampaigners’attemptstopersuadecourtsandcouncilstokeepthemopenarelargelyfailing.

Closinglibrariesisinevitable,theargumentgoes,inanerawhentwooutofthreeBritishhomeshaveacomputer.Butthatisfarfromthewholestory.While200millionbooksaresoldeveryyear,morethan310millionareborrowed.Theone-in-threehomeswithoutacomputerarethoseofthenation’spoorerchildren,manyofwhomlivewithoutevenatableatwhichtheycandotheirhomework.ItiswithonlythemildestexaggerationthatAlanBennett,theplaywrightandcampaigner,describestheclosureoflibrariesasanactof“childabuse”.

Tosome,theword“l(fā)ibrary”conjuresonlynegativeassociations,anirrelevantanachronisminanincreasinglydigitalworld.Butagoodlibraryisfarmorethanjustaplacetostorebooks.Itisagatewaytoknowledge,aplacewellabletoadapttothecomputerageandindoingsosupportthecuriosity,studyandresearchofnewgenerations.

Thereare,ofcourse,somelibrariesthatareunfitforpurpose.Butthosethatusedigitaltechnologiesasanaide,ratherthantreatthemasathreat,morethanholdtruetotheircorepurpose.Andthosethathavemadetheleapareseeingvisitornumbersrise,notfall.Britain’slibrariesdonotneedclosingbuttheymayneedchanging.WecanonlyhopethatMr.Coates’supportcanhelpmanyofthemtodoso.

1.Theargumentabouttheclosingoflibrariesstemsfrom（）.

2.Theword“anachronism”inPara.5mightmean（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.Theauthor’sattitudetowardclosinglibrariescanbedescribedas（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thefallofsaleofbooks

B.theadventofdigitaltechnologies

C.thegovernmentbudgetcut

D.theworldeconomicrecession

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.chronologicalerror

B.phonologicalerror

C.etymologicalerror

D.historicalerror

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Somepeoplebelievethatlibrariesareoutofdateindigitalage.

B.IntheUK,oneoutofthreehomesdon’thavecomputers.

C.Itisinevitablethatdigitallibrarieswillreplacetheexistinglibraries.

D.Somelibrariesneedintroducingdigitaltechnologiesasanaid.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.positive

B.negative

C.indifferent

D.neutral

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第三段第一句“MrCoates’generouspledgetodonateagoodchunkofBilbary’sprofitstocampaignstokeepopenlibrariesthreatenedbygovernmentbudgetcuts.”科茨先生慷慨承諾將Bilbary的大部分利潤(rùn)捐贈(zèng)給那些開(kāi)放受到政府預(yù)算削減威脅的圖書(shū)館。由此可知,關(guān)于關(guān)閉圖書(shū)館的爭(zhēng)論源于政府的預(yù)算削減,選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)原文句意:對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō),“圖書(shū)館”這個(gè)詞只會(huì)讓人聯(lián)想到負(fù)面的聯(lián)想,在這個(gè)日益數(shù)字化的世界里,這是一個(gè)無(wú)關(guān)緊要的時(shí)代錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)“anincreasinglydigitalworld”可以推測(cè),時(shí)代在變化,所以這里指的是時(shí)代錯(cuò)誤,選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.原文最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Britain’slibrariesdonotneedclosingbuttheymayneedchanging.”英國(guó)的圖書(shū)館不需要關(guān)閉,但是可能需要改變。所以,選項(xiàng)C說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤。

4.作者在最后一段提到,英國(guó)的圖書(shū)館不需要關(guān)閉,但是可能需要改變。這體現(xiàn)了作者的中立態(tài)度。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.單選題

Apersonwhostudies（

）learnshowtoexpressnumbersapproximatelyandhowtocalculateratiosandaverages.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.static

B.statistic

C.statistics

D.status

【答案】C

【解析】考察形近詞詞義辨析。Static“靜止的，靜態(tài)的”；statistic“數(shù)據(jù)，數(shù)字”；statistics“統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)”；status“地位，身份”。句意：統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)生主要學(xué)習(xí)如何大概地表示數(shù)據(jù)，如何計(jì)算比例和平均值。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.單選題

Rao’s,thelegendaryeastHarlemItalianeatery,ismorethanahundredblocksabovetheWallStreet.ButwithaclientelethatincludessomeofthecorporateAmerica’sleadinglights,bigbusinessisneverfaraway.ConsiderthetablehostedonenightlastyearbyRao’sregular,Richard(Bo)Dietl—hewasjoinedbyGeneralElectric’sCEO,JeffreyImmelt,NBCchairmanBobWrightandLaw&OrdercreatorDickWolf.WolfwasjustenteringnegotiationsforanewcontractforLaw&OrdertokeeprunningonGE-ownedNBC.Noonesignedanycontractsorhaggledoverfiguresthatnight.Butnotlongafter,NBCannounceditwouldbroadcastLaw&Orderthrough2008.WolfsaysnowthatDietl’sdinneratRao’swaskeytosmoothingoutthenegotiations:“Itwasenormouslyhelpfulforhimtogetusalltogetherinthatsetting.”

Withhisjust-publishedbook,BusinessLunchatations,Dietlhopestolaunchhimselfastheauthorityonhoweveryonecansharpenhisnetworkingsocialskills.

Inhis$7,000Italiansuits,Dietltellstalesofhisadventureswiththerichandfamous;golfingwithformerGEchairmanJackWelch,fly-fishingwithformerPepsiCochairmanRogerEnrico,diningadeuxwithViacom’sSumnerRedstoneorcomparingnotesonprivatejetswithhispalDonaldTrump.Dietlsayshe’searnedthesemen’strustbymakingitclearhewantsnothingmorethantoshowthemagoodtimeandshareagoodlaugh.“Youdon’tdothisthinking,oh,whatbusinesscanIgetoutofthem?”hesays.“Youdoitforsheerfriendship.Andthenthegoodthingsjustcomeout.”Corporatebossessaytheyappreciatethesell.“Bo’saguyyouwanttodoafavorfor,”saysWelch,“becauseyouknowhe’lldoafavorforyou.”

Inhisbook,ofcourse,Dietlurgesreaderstodomorethanjustbenicetostrangersandwaitforgoodkarma.Networkingtipsrangefromhowtolistenandaskquestionsinconversationswithstrangers—eyecontact,uprightpostureandclarifyingquestionsaremusts—topracticalpointerslike“keepgoingbacktothebuffet”(toincreasethenumberofcontactsatacrowdedevent)and“wearanoriginalaccessory”(toensurestickingoutinanewacquaintance’smind).Still,Dietlsaysthemostcommonlymissedsecretofnetworkingisstartingwiththehumantouch.“Ifthere’sgoingtobebusiness,possiblytherecouldbebusiness,”hesays.“Butit’sgottastartoutfromthefriendshipside.”

26.WolfhascometobelievethatthereasonLaw&Orderwasextendedto2008was________.

27.ByreferringtoDietl’sbook,theauthorintendstoshow________.

28.Itisimpliedthatyoucanimproveyournetworkingskillsby________.

29.Dietlconcludesthatthemostimportantthingtodoisto________.

30.Thebesttitleforthistextmightbe________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theItalianfood

B.theydidn’thavetogofarfromWallstreettogettoRao’s

C.theydidn’thaggleoverdinner

D.Dietl’sget-together

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Bo’sintelligences

B.Richard’scharm

C.Mr.Dietl’sfame

D.Mr.Dietl’sauthority

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.havingadventureswiththerichandfamous

B.wearingexpensivesuits

C.doingfavorsandlaughing

D.beingfriendly

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.keepgoingbacktothebuffet

B.beginwithfriendship

C.touchpeople

D.keepintouchwithcontacts

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.AdventureswiththeRichandFamous

B.FavorsReceived

C.MeetMeforLunchatation

D.GoodTimesandLaughter

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】26.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句WolfsaysnowthatDietl’sdinneratRao’swaskeytosmoothingoutthenegotiations:“Itwasenormouslyhelpfulforhimtogetusalltogetherinthatsetting.”（沃爾夫說(shuō)，現(xiàn)在迪特爾在拉奧餐廳的晚餐是促成談判順利進(jìn)行的關(guān)鍵：“他把我們所有人聚在一起，這對(duì)他非常有幫助。”），所以D選項(xiàng)“迪特爾的聚會(huì)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“意大利菜”，B選項(xiàng)“他們不需要從華爾街走很遠(yuǎn)就能到餐廳”和C選項(xiàng)“他們吃飯時(shí)沒(méi)有討價(jià)還價(jià)”與題目沒(méi)有直接關(guān)系，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

27.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Withhisjust-publishedbook,BusinessLunchatations,Dietlhopestolaunchhimselfastheauthorityonhoweveryonecansharpenhisnetworkingsocialskills.（迪特爾剛剛出版《商務(wù)午餐》這本書(shū)，希望成為教人提高人際交往技巧的權(quán)威。），作者通過(guò)出版的書(shū)想要表達(dá)迪特爾的權(quán)威性，所以D選項(xiàng)“迪特爾的權(quán)威”正確，突出迪特爾的權(quán)威是為了讓讀者信服他的社交技巧，名望在這里沒(méi)有太大用處，也不是重點(diǎn)，故C選項(xiàng)“迪特爾的名望”錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“鮑勃的智慧”和B選項(xiàng)“理查德的魅力”：不是表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

28.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句Dietlsayshe’searnedthesemen’strustbymakingitclearhewantsnothingmorethantoshowthemagoodtimeandshareagoodlaugh.（迪特爾表示，他已經(jīng)贏得了這些男人的信任，因?yàn)樗鞔_表示，他只是想和他們共度一段美好時(shí)光，與他們一起開(kāi)懷大笑。）和最后一句“Bo’saguyyouwanttodoafavorfor,”saysWelch,“becauseyouknowhe’lldoafavorforyou.”（韋爾奇說(shuō)：“鮑勃是你想幫的人，因?yàn)槟阒浪麜?huì)幫你?！保?，可知可以通過(guò)讓別人愉快和幫助別人提高社交技能，所以C選項(xiàng)“樂(lè)于助人，帶來(lái)歡笑”正確；只有D選項(xiàng)“友好”還不夠，故錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“與富人和名人一起冒險(xiǎn)”和B選項(xiàng)“穿名貴的衣服”，根據(jù)第三段：Inhis$7,000Italiansuits,Dietltellstalesofhisadventureswiththerichandfamous（迪特爾穿著價(jià)值7000美元的意大利西裝，講述著他與富人和名人的冒險(xiǎn)故事），這里講的迪特爾書(shū)中的內(nèi)容，并不是社交技巧，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

29.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第三句Dietlsaysthemostcommonlymissedsecretofnetworkingisstartingwiththehumantouch.（迪特爾說(shuō)，最常被忽視的秘訣是人與人之間的人際交往從接觸開(kāi)始。），可知人際交往中最重要的是C選項(xiàng)“與人接觸”，而不是D選項(xiàng)“保持聯(lián)系”。B選項(xiàng)“建立友誼”：根據(jù)第三段第四句Youdoitforsheerfriendship.Andthenthegoodthingsjustcomeout.（你這么做純粹是為了友誼。然后好事就會(huì)出現(xiàn)。），建立友誼有幫助，沒(méi)有說(shuō)到這是最重要的，故錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)去吃自助餐”：根據(jù)第四段第二句topracticalpointerslike“keepgoingbacktothebuffet”(toincreasethenumberofcontactsatacrowdedevent)（還有一些實(shí)用的技巧，比如“繼續(xù)去吃自助餐”，在擁擠的場(chǎng)合增加聯(lián)系人的數(shù)量），吃自助餐沒(méi)有說(shuō)是最重要的，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

30.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文講述社交技巧，通過(guò)營(yíng)造愉快的氛圍從而促成情感信任，所以D選項(xiàng)“美好時(shí)光和歡樂(lè)笑聲”正確。A選項(xiàng)“與富人和名人的冒險(xiǎn)”，B選項(xiàng)“接受的幫助”和C選項(xiàng)“午餐的相遇”是文章的部分內(nèi)容，不足以概括全文，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Duringthe1700sand1800s,majorfightingduringwarsgenerallyceasedforthewintersandarmiestookupwinterencampments.AswinterdescendeduponPennsylvaniain1777,GeneralGeorgeWashingtonchoseValleyForge,Pennsylvania,someeighteenmileswestofPhiladelphiaassiteofthewinterencampmentoftheContinentalArmy.TheareawasfarenoughawayfromtheBritishinPhiladelphiatodiscouragesurpriseattacksanditslocationbetweenhighhillsandtheSchuylkillRivermadeiteasilydefensible.

TheContinentalArmy,however,wasinbadshape.Ofthe12,000soldiers,manylackedthesuppliesorclothingtosurvivethewinterandmanyotherswerestarvingatthispoint.AtValleyForge,defenselineswerebuiltalongwithover1,000hutstoprovidesomerelieffromthebrutalelements.

Moisturefromrainandmeltingsnowmadeitimpossibleformanysoldierstostaydryandallowedforthespreadofdisease.Theonlyreliablefoodthatthesoldiersreceivedwasamixtureofflourandwaterknownas“firecake.’’Occasionally,soldiersreceivedmeatandbread.Furthermore,manysoldiershadinadequatesuppliesofclothingandwereforcedtoendurethewinterintattersandwithoutblankets.Manylackedshoes.Woundedsoldiersoftendiedfromexposuretotheelements.Unsanitaryandcrowdedconditionsledtotheproliferationofdiseasesandsicknessessuchastyphoidandpneumonia.

Over2,000peoplediedfromsuchsicknesses.

OnFebruary23，1778，formerGermanGeneralBaronvonSteubenarrivedatValleyForgetotrainthePatriotshowtomarchinformation,firegunsquickly,usebayonetsandbecomesoldiers.ThoughvonSteubenspokelittleEnglish,hedevelopedatrainingmanualinFrenchthatwouldbetranslatedonthegroundsintoEnglish.UnlikemanyAmericangenerals,vonSteubenworkeddirectlywiththesoldiers,endearinghimtothethousandssufferingatValleyForge.VonSteuben’spresencedidmuchtoimprovethemoraleofthearmyduringthebitterwinterandalsohelpedthemdevelopintoamoretactical,effectivemilitarymachine,capableoffightingtheBritish.

OnJune19,1778,theContinentalArmyleftValleyForgeinpursuitoftheBritishwhoweremovingnorthtoNewYork.

1.WhydidGeneralWashingtonchooseValleyForgeasthesiteofhisarmy’swinterencampment?

2.HowwasBaronVonSteubendifferentfromAmericangenerals?

3.WhatwasprobablythemostimportantcontributionsmadebyBaronVonSteuben?

4.Whathappenedlast?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itwasclosetoasourceofwater.

B.Itwaswarmerthananyotherencampments.

C.Itslocationmadeiteasytodefend.

D.Itwastheonlyplacewherehewouldn’tbeattacked.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Heneverworkeddirectlywithsoldiers.

B.Heworkeddirectlywithsoldiers.

C.Hewouldgointobattlewithsoldiers.

D.HelikedtheBritish.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.HehelpedtransformtheContinentalArmyintoanarmythatcouldactuallyfighttheBritish.

B.Hetaughtthesoldiershowtousebayonets.

C.HetaughtthesoldiersthattheirGeneralsdidnothavetospeakgoodEnglish

D.Heprovidedthesoldierswiththingstolaughabout.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheContinentalArmylearnedtofiregunsfasterandtousebayonets.

B.TheContinentalArmybegantheirpursuitoftheBritish.

C.ItwasApril1778whenthewarfinallycametoanend.

D.BaronVonSteubenarrived.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“TheareawasfarenoughawayfromtheBritishinPhiladelphiatodiscouragesurpriseattacksanditslocationbetweenhighhillsandtheSchuylkillRivermadeiteasilydefensible.”該地區(qū)離英國(guó)人在費(fèi)城的地區(qū)足夠遠(yuǎn)，而且由于地形原因，可以免于遭受突襲。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段，“UnlikemanyAmericangenerals,VonSteubenworkeddirectlywiththesoldiers,endearinghimtothethousandssufferingatValleyForge.”VonSteuben跟美國(guó)將軍的不同之處在于他直接和士兵們一起工作，受到了人們的愛(ài)戴。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段，“VonSteuben’spresencedidmuchtoimprovethemoraleofthearmy…andalsohelpedthemdevelopintoamoretactical,effectivemilitarymachine,capableoffightingtheBritish.”，可見(jiàn)VonSteuben做出的最大的貢獻(xiàn)是提高了士兵的士氣，使軍隊(duì)有足夠的能力與英軍作戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，大陸軍開(kāi)始了對(duì)英軍的追擊。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.單選題

Ahiddenalarmunderthecashier’stablecanbe____incaseofemergency.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.negotiated

B.initiated

C.launched

D.activated

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.negotiated談判；協(xié)商B.initiated開(kāi)始；發(fā)起

C.launched發(fā)射D.activated激活

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：收銀臺(tái)下面隱藏的警報(bào)器可以在緊急情況下……。根據(jù)邏輯，在緊急情況下，可以啟動(dòng)也就是激活警報(bào)器。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】收銀臺(tái)下面隱藏的警報(bào)器可以在緊急情況下啟動(dòng)。

7.單選題

Allindividualsarerequiredto（）tothelawsmadebytheirgovernments.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obey

B.conform

C.concede

D.observe

【答案】B

【解析】obey遵守,及物動(dòng)詞;conform遵從,遵守,不及物動(dòng)詞;concede承認(rèn),讓步;observe觀察。句意：所有人都要遵守政府制定的法律規(guī)范。因此,本題選B。

8.單選題

They’llhaveyou（

）ifyoudon'tpayyourtaxes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobearrested

B.arrest

C.arrested

D.beingarrested

【答案】C

【解析】考查havesb.done句型。havesb.done表示“讓某人被……”；havesb.do“讓某人做……”；havesb.doing“讓某人一直做……”。句意：你如果不納稅，他們會(huì)讓你被捕。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

9.單選題

Heavymetalscanimpaircognitivedevelopmentinchildren,whoareespeciallyatriskbecauseoftheirsizeand（

）toabsorbmoreofthesesubstancesthanadultsdo.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.character

B.resistance

C.temper

D.tendency

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.character性格；品質(zhì)B.resistance抵擋力；阻力

C.temper脾氣D.tendency傾向；趨勢(shì)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】重金屬會(huì)對(duì)兒童的認(rèn)知發(fā)展產(chǎn)生傷害，兒童的體型和……比起成年人能吸收更多的重金屬物質(zhì)，所以他們特別危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)句意可知兒童的體型和抵抗力都比較弱，所以才會(huì)比成年人更容易吸收重金屬物質(zhì)，所以B選項(xiàng)“抵擋力，阻力”符合題意

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】重金屬會(huì)對(duì)兒童的認(rèn)知發(fā)展產(chǎn)生傷害，兒童的體型和抵抗力比起成年人能吸收更多的重金屬物質(zhì)，所以他們特別危險(xiǎn)。

10.單選題

Itwassopleasingtofindabreezeupthereallayingthefervidafternoon.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.incendiary

B.incandescent

C.dispassionate

D.contumacious

【答案】B

【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)incendiary“縱火的，煽動(dòng)性的，能引起燃燒的，非常辣的”；B選項(xiàng)incandescent“輝耀的，熾熱的，發(fā)白熱光的”；C選項(xiàng)dispassionate“不帶感情的，平心靜氣的，公平的”；D選項(xiàng)contumacious“不聽(tīng)命令的，反抗法院命令的，頑固的”。句意：看到微風(fēng)吹過(guò)，緩和了炎熱的下午，真是令人高興。Fervid“熱情的，熾熱的，熱心的，熱的”，B選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Themostimportantpartsofthecollectionareinaccessibletoscholar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.notuseful

B.notattractive

C.notclear

D.notavailable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。inaccessible表示“難接近的，難達(dá)到的”；A項(xiàng)notuseful“沒(méi)有用的”，B項(xiàng)notattractive“不吸引人的”，C項(xiàng)notclear“不清楚的”，D項(xiàng)notavailable“難以獲得的，不能利用的”。句意：學(xué)者們無(wú)法看到收藏的最重要的部分。因此D項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Tonyhasnottheleast（）ofgivinguphisresearchwork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intention

B.interest

C.wish

D.desire

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。句意：Tony絲毫沒(méi)有放棄其研究工作的打算。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

13.單選題

Hewas______aboutthespringoutingbutbecamebackquitedepressedandsaidheshouldn’thavejoinedinit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.courageous

B.discouraged

C.enthusiastic

D.fantastic

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)courageous“勇敢的”；B選項(xiàng)discouraged“灰心的”；C選項(xiàng)enthusiastic“熱衷的；熱烈的”；D選項(xiàng)fantastic“極好的；富于想象的”。句意：他本來(lái)______于春游，但回來(lái)時(shí)卻很沮喪，說(shuō)他不應(yīng)該參加春游。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指在春游之前他對(duì)此非常激動(dòng)和期待，C選項(xiàng)enthusiastic“熱衷的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Anelderlymanhas______doctorsatthelocalhospitalbylivingafterhewasofficiallydeclareddead.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confounded

B.concurred

C.conflated

D.connived

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)confound“使混淆，使困惑驚訝”，B項(xiàng)concur“同意，一致，互助”，C項(xiàng)conflate“合并，異文合并”，D項(xiàng)connive“共謀，縱容，默許”。由livingafterhewasofficiallydeclareddead“在他被正式宣布死亡后還活著”可知，“使驚訝”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：一位老人在被正式宣布死亡后還活著，這讓當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)院的醫(yī)生們感到困惑。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

15.翻譯題

17世紀(jì)后期至18世紀(jì)末，是中國(guó)清代的鼎盛時(shí)期，史稱(chēng)“康乾盛世”。那個(gè)時(shí)期，中國(guó)的工業(yè)產(chǎn)量位居世界前列。但正是在這個(gè)時(shí)候，歐洲諸國(guó)先后開(kāi)始了近代資產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命和產(chǎn)業(yè)革命，社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力迅速發(fā)展，后來(lái)居上。而中國(guó)當(dāng)時(shí)的政治者對(duì)這一歷史性大變革卻茫然無(wú)知，仍沉迷于盲目自大之中，視西方科學(xué)技術(shù)為“奇技淫巧”?！翱登⑹馈敝蟮?00多年，中國(guó)的發(fā)展大大落后了，國(guó)際地位急劇衰落，淪為半殖民地，備受外強(qiáng)欺辱。

中華人民共和國(guó)成立后，中國(guó)人民掌握了自己的命運(yùn)，民族的獨(dú)立和解放使中國(guó)發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。但在20世紀(jì)60、70年代世界經(jīng)濟(jì)蓬勃發(fā)展和新科技革命浪潮興起的時(shí)代，中國(guó)搞了長(zhǎng)達(dá)10年的“文化大革命”，錯(cuò)失了又一次發(fā)展良機(jī)。值得欣慰的是，從70年代末開(kāi)始，我們糾正了過(guò)去的錯(cuò)誤，選擇了改革開(kāi)放的正確道路，對(duì)內(nèi)實(shí)行改革，對(duì)外實(shí)行開(kāi)放，開(kāi)放也是改革。改革開(kāi)放使我們抓住了新的歷史機(jī)遇，實(shí)現(xiàn)了近30年的高速發(fā)展，綜合國(guó)力顯著增強(qiáng)，人民生活得到很大改善，國(guó)際地位不斷上升。

【答案】Inthelate17centurytotheendof18thCentury,ChineseQingDynastywasinitsheyday,knownastheGoldenAgeof“KangxiandQianlong”.Duringthisperiod,China’sindustrialproductionhasbeenattheforefrontontheworldstage.ButitwasatthistimethatEuropeancountriesbeganthemodernbourgeoisrevolutionandindustrialrevolution,whichrockettherapiddevelopmentofsocialproductivityinthewesternworld,leavingtherestoftheworldoutofsightbehind.However,Chinesepoliticiansatthattimewerecompletelyignorantofthishistoricchange,andstillindulgedinblindarrogance,regardingwesternscienceandtechnologyas“diabolictricksandwickedcraft”.Duringthepast100yearsfromthattimeonward,Chinafellfarbehindindevelopment,sufferedasharpdeclineinitsinternationalstatus,wasreducedtoasemi-colonyandsubjectedtobullyingandhumiliationfromforeignpowers.

SincethefundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,accompanyingwiththenationalindependenceandliberation,Chinesepeoplehavebecomethemasteroftheirowndestiny.AllthishasbroughttremendouschangestoChina.However,inthe1960sand1970s,whentheworldeconomywasboomingandthenewwaveofscientificandtechnologicalrevolutionwasemerging,Chinaconductedthedecade-long“CulturalRevolution”andmissedanothergoodopportunityfordevelopment.Thegoodnewsisthatsincetheendof1970s,withtheimplementationofreformingdomesticallyandopening-uptotheworldwehavecorrectedthemistakesofthepast,directingthewholenationtotherightwayofreformandopening-up.Undertheguidanceofreformandopening-uppolicy,weseizedthenewhistoricalopportunitytopromotearapidsocialdevelopmentinthelast30years.Thispolicynotonlyheightenchina’scomprehensivepowersandpeople’slivingstandards,butalsothegrowinginternationalclout.

16.單選題

TheindustrializationofEuropewhichstartedinthe18thcenturyproducedurbanslimswhichweresweptperiodicallybyepidemicsoftyphoidandtyphus.WhileisolatedgeographicallyfromthescourgesofEurope,Americawasoccasionallyhitwithepidemicsofitsown,especiallyinthegrowingeastcoastcities.Recognizingthatdiseasemaybecomingfromtheshipsthatdockedintheirports,citiesinstitutedquarantinesduringoutbreaks.Treatmentsforwidespreaddisease,however,didnotimprove.

In1847,thenewly-formedAmericanMedicalAssociationsponsoredaninvestigationoflargeU.ScitiesandfoundthatlivingconditionsformanyresidentshadbecomeasbadastheworstslumsofEurope.Itconcludedthatwithoutimprovementsinhygieneandlivingstandards,European-typeepidemicswouldsoonhitAmericancities.Italsoadvocatedcollectingvitalstatisticstotrackthecountry’sbirthanddeathrates.Soonafterthis,manybureausofvitalstatisticswereorganized.IncludinginOhio,wherebirthanddeathstatisticswerecollectedatthecountrylevelbeginningin1867.Localsanitarycommissionsformedincitiesandtowns,spurredonbyreformmovementswhichstressedhealthierlivingandcleanwater.TheMassachusettsSanitaryCommission,forexample,soughtbetterventingofcityhomestoremoveanynoxiousodorsandfumesthatmightcausedisease.Toprovideplentifulwater,32waterworkswerebuiltinthecountryby1825,andalmost600wereaddedby1880.Unfortunatelyitwasassumedthatfree-flowingwaterwaspure,sothefirstfiltrationplantwasnotbuiltuntil1871.Thefirstnationalconventiontoestablishuniformquarantinelaws,metinPhiladelphiainMay1857,andfourmoresuchconventionstodiscusspublichealthissueswereheldbeforetheCivilWardisruptedthemovement.

TheAmericanPublicHealthAssociationwasfoundedin1872bysomeofthosewhoattendedtheseearlierconventions.ThefollowingyearthenumberofboardsofhealthintheU.S.Increasedfrom4to123.Themostsignificanteventinthepublichealthmovement,however,wasthedevelopmentofthegermtheoryandtherealizationthatdiseasecouldbecontagious.

1.AmericawasprotectedfromtheperiodicepidemicsoftyphoidandtyphusinEuropebecauseof（

）.

2.Theword“hygiene”inline13isclosestinmeaningto（

）.

3.WhatfeardidtheAmericanMedicalAssociationhave?

4.WhichofthefollowingactionsdoestheauthorimplywasdoneinresponsetotheAmericanMedicalAssociationrecommendations?

5.Theword“noxious”inline22isclosestinmeaningto.

6.Thefirstfiltrationplantwasnotbuiltuntil1871because（

）.

7.Theword“contagious”inline36isclosestinmeaningto（

）.

8.Throughoutthepassage,theauthorimpliesthatpublichealth（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bettersanitation

B.lessurbanslums

C.delayedindustrialization

D.geographicalisolation

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.salary

B.Sanitation

C.protection

D.behavior

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thatlivingstandardswouldnotimprove

B.thatAmericanslumswouldbeasbadasthoseinEurope

C.thatAmericanslumscouldleadtoEuropean-typeepidemics

D.thatwithoutimprovements，AmericancitieswouldbecomelikeEuropeancities

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.collectingvitalstatistics

B.quarantinefacilities

C.removingnoxiousodorsandfumes

D.geographicalisolationofdisease

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.harmful

B.unpleasant

C.lingering

D.obvious

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.ofdisruptionbytheCivilWar

B.uniformquarantinelawscouldnotbeagreeduponatthefirstnationalconvention

C.ittookatotaloffivenationalconventionstoagreeonuniformquarantinelaws

D.free-flowingwaterwasthoughttobepure

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.serious

B.inherited

C.contained

D.catching

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.wasregardedasaEuropeproblem

B.wasslowertodevelopinAmericanthaninEurope

C.treatmentswerenotdevelopedwithanunderstandingofthethreats

D.actionswereusuallyuniformedandineffective

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:A

第7題:D

第8題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段WhileisolatedgeographicallyfromthescourgesofEurope,Americawasoccasionallyhitwithepidemicsofitsown,especiallyinthegrowingeastcoastcities.由于美國(guó)的地理位置遠(yuǎn)離歐洲，所以是偶爾受到影響，避免了周期性的傳染。所以D選項(xiàng)‘地理位置’符合題意。

2.詞義推測(cè)題。上文提到美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)美國(guó)居民的生活環(huán)境十分惡劣，急需提高……A“薪水”、C“保護(hù)”和D“行為”都與改善城市的居民生活環(huán)境沒(méi)有關(guān)系，排除。文章第二段末尾處提到衛(wèi)生委員會(huì)在各個(gè)城市及鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)中開(kāi)始成立，出現(xiàn)了Sanitaiy，所以B選項(xiàng)‘環(huán)境衛(wèi)生’符合題意。

3.語(yǔ)義理解題。第二段開(kāi)頭提到美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)通過(guò)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)美國(guó)城市的生活環(huán)境和歐洲最差的貧民窟相差無(wú)幾。如果不提高衛(wèi)生和生活條件，歐洲的流行病會(huì)襲擊美國(guó)。因?yàn)槊绹?guó)醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)擔(dān)心美國(guó)惡劣的生活環(huán)境會(huì)引發(fā)類(lèi)似歐洲的流行病，所以C選項(xiàng)‘美國(guó)的貧民窟可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致歐洲式的流行病‘符合題意。A“生活條件沒(méi)有改善”、B“美國(guó)貧民窟生活條件會(huì)和歐洲的一樣差”以及D“如果生活條件不改善，美國(guó)城市就會(huì)和歐洲城市一樣”是美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)得出的結(jié)論，不是他們害怕的事情。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。第二段第三句的主語(yǔ)為“It”，指AmericanMedicalAssociation“advocated”v.主張，提倡，和題干中“recommendationn.提倡”意思基本一致。所以可以推斷答案為A。B“檢疫機(jī)構(gòu)”在疫情爆發(fā)期間由城市建立。C“消除有害氣體”是MassachusettsSanitary的任務(wù)。D“遠(yuǎn)離病源”是客觀存在事實(shí)。因此排除B、C、D。

5.詞義推測(cè)題。...anynoxiousodorsandfumesthatmightcausedisease”中that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句解釋前面的“noxiousodorsandfumes”。只有A“Harmful”與“mightcausedisease”意思相同，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.語(yǔ)義理解題。因?yàn)锽、C選項(xiàng)文章中都沒(méi)有提及。文章第二段最后提到“不幸的是，純凈的自來(lái)水廠(chǎng)到1871年才建成?！保珼“自來(lái)水應(yīng)該是純凈的”不符合文意。第二段最后一句提到“公共衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域運(yùn)動(dòng)由于內(nèi)戰(zhàn)而中斷?！彼訟選項(xiàng)正確。

7.詞義推測(cè)題。全文都在談?wù)撁绹?guó)意識(shí)到病源是從歐洲傳染來(lái)的，為了降低疾病發(fā)生率，因此采取了一系列措施提高居民的生活環(huán)境，所以D選項(xiàng)“傳染的”符合題意。

8.根據(jù)文中第一段Treatmentsforwidespreaddisease,however,didnotimprove文中倒數(shù)第二段Unfortunatelyitwasassumedthatfree-flowingwaterwaspure,sothefirstfiltrationplantwasnotbuiltuntil1871.都表明作者認(rèn)為出現(xiàn)衛(wèi)生問(wèn)題時(shí)，人們顯得無(wú)知以及所做的行為無(wú)效。所以D選項(xiàng)‘（衛(wèi)生問(wèn)題）的行動(dòng)總是顯得無(wú)知和無(wú)效’正確。文中只說(shuō)European-typeepidemicswouldsoonhitAmericancities.并不能得到A選項(xiàng)‘公共衛(wèi)生問(wèn)題被看作如同歐洲難題’的結(jié)論。ThefollowingyearthenumberofboardsofhealthintheU.S.Increasedfrom4to123.可以證明treatment是隨著對(duì)anunderstandingofthethreats的發(fā)展而發(fā)展，所以C選項(xiàng)‘臨床治療沒(méi)有隨著對(duì)疾病傳染的認(rèn)識(shí)而發(fā)展‘也是錯(cuò)誤的。B選項(xiàng)‘（衛(wèi)生問(wèn)題）美國(guó)比歐洲發(fā)展的慢’文中沒(méi)有提到，排除。

17.翻譯題

Asafashionableleisureactivity,travelingisfavoredbyagrowingnumberofpeople.Duetotherapiddevelopmentofeconomy,theimprovementoflivingstandardandthegovernment’ssupportoftourism,travelingisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinChina.Travelinghasgraduallybecomeanessentialpartofpeople’sdailylife.Onholidays,numerousChinesetouristswouldswarmintoscenicspotsacrosstheworld.Whentraveling,peoplecanbroadentheirhorizons,enrichtheirknowledgeandappreciatebeautifulnaturallandscapes,whichwouldeventuallyhelptorelaxthemselvesphysicallyandmentally.

【答案】旅游作為一種時(shí)尚的休閑活動(dòng)，為越來(lái)越多的人所喜愛(ài)。經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛發(fā)展、生活水平的提高，以及政府對(duì)旅游業(yè)的支持使得旅游在中國(guó)越來(lái)越流行。旅游已逐步成為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畋夭豢缮俚牟糠帧Ｃ糠昙倨?，大批的中?guó)游客就會(huì)涌入世界各地的景點(diǎn)。旅游時(shí)人們可以開(kāi)闊視野，增長(zhǎng)知識(shí)，欣賞大自然的美麗風(fēng)光，最終得以放松身心。

18.單選題

Hedevelopeda（）attitudeafteryearsoffrustrationinhiscareer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.encouraged

B.disgusted

C.drastic

D.cynical

【答案】D

【解析】encouraged鼓舞人心的；disgusted厭煩的；drastic激烈的；cynical憤世嫉俗的。句意：在經(jīng)歷了多年的事業(yè)挫折之后，他變得憤世嫉俗。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

19.單選題

Thereisnotthewomanbornwhodesirestoeatthebreadofdependence,nomatter(

)fromthehandoffather,husband,orbrother;foranyonewhodoessoeatherbreadplacesherselfinthepoweroftheperson（）shetakesit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whethertheybefromwhich

B.whetheritbe...fromwhom

C.wouldtheybefromwhom

D.woulditbe…fromwhich

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：世上沒(méi)有生來(lái)就想靠別人吃飯的女人，無(wú)論是靠父親、丈夫還是兄弟；因?yàn)槿魏我粋€(gè)人這樣做的話(huà)，就是將自己置于施舍之人的權(quán)利之下。根據(jù)句意可知，第一空主要是需要明確from的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是“thebread”，所以應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式的it來(lái)指代，由此可排除選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C；其次第二空的先行詞是theperson，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用whom，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

20.單選題

Theheatinsummerisnoless（

）hereinthismountainregion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concentrated

B.extensive

C.intense

D.intensive

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:夏天這個(gè)山區(qū)一樣炎熱。

Concentrated集中的;extensive廣闊的,廣泛的;intense強(qiáng)烈的,多用于形容表達(dá)感情或感受的強(qiáng)度;intensive加強(qiáng)的,常用于短時(shí)間內(nèi)為達(dá)到某個(gè)目的而高強(qiáng)度地做某事。故選C。

21.案例題

Completethesesentencesbelow.

USENOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.

1.SolvingtheMorriswormwasdifficultbecausetherepairmethod