書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thetrainfromthecapitalwasderailedlastnightinthemountainarea,butfortunatelytherewereno（）,policesaid.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.catastrophes

B.cataracts

C.casualties

D.caprices

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。catastrophe“大災(zāi)難”；cataract“大瀑布，洪水”；casualty“傷亡人員”；caprice“任性，反復(fù)無常；隨想曲”。句意：昨晚，從首都出發(fā)的火車在山區(qū)脫離軌道，慶幸的是沒有人員傷亡。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.單選題

Putondarkglassesorthesunwill（

）youandyouwon'tbeabletosee.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discern

B.distort

C.dazzle

D.distract

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。discern意為“識(shí)別，覺察出，看出”；distort意為“歪曲，扭曲”；dazzle意為“使目眩”；distract意為“使分心”。

句意：戴上墨鏡，否則太陽會(huì)讓你眼花，你會(huì)看不見。

3.單選題

Aninternationaltreatysignedseveralyearsagobanstradeinplantsandanimalsofenlargedspecies.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.promotes

B.protects

C.forbids

D.eliminates

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.promotes促進(jìn)B.protects保護(hù)

C.forbids禁止D.eliminates消除

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析

【解題思路】ban的主語是國際條約，賓語是更多物種的動(dòng)植物貿(mào)易，原詞ban“禁止，取締”，C選項(xiàng)forbids“禁止”與原詞最接近。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)與原詞詞義不相近。

【句意】幾年前簽署的一項(xiàng)國際條約禁止更多物種的動(dòng)植物貿(mào)易。

4.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

研究表明，與20年前相比，盡管社交媒體越來越受人們歡迎，但是青少年的朋友卻日益減少。一份歷時(shí)12年、涵蓋20萬高中生的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然年輕人的朋友越來越少，但是他們更多交友的意向并無增多。該研究認(rèn)為，經(jīng)濟(jì)變化在促使個(gè)人主義增長的同時(shí)，可能導(dǎo)致人們交友興趣減弱，使人們更多轉(zhuǎn)向自立、增強(qiáng)自尊、減少孤獨(dú)感。

【答案】Despitethegrowingpopularityofsocialmedia,teenagershavefewerfriendsthantheydid20yearsago.Asurvey,carriedoutfor12years,ofmorethan200,000UShighschoolstudentsfoundthatyoungpeoplehadfewerfriends,butlessdesireformakingmorefriends.Thestudyhasshownthateconomicchangesleadtoincreasedindividuality,whichcouldleadtodecreasinginterestinfriends,increasingself-reliance,increasingself-esteemanddecreasingloneliness.

5.單選題

Generouspublicfundingofbasicsciencewould（

）considerablebenefitsforthecountry’shealth,wealthandsecurity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.resultfrom

B.settledown

C.liein

D.leadto

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)resultfrom“產(chǎn)生于……，由……引起”；B選項(xiàng)settledown“定居”；C選項(xiàng)liein“在于，位于”；D選項(xiàng)leadto“導(dǎo)致，把……帶到”。根據(jù)句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系可知選D，表示慷慨的公共資助會(huì)給國家?guī)砗锰?。句意：?duì)基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)慷慨的公共資助將為國家的健康、財(cái)富和安全帶來可觀的好處。

6.單選題

Lightfromthesunanddistantstarstraversesavacuuminspace.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fills

B.creates

C.surrounds

D.crosses

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)fill“裝滿，使充滿，滿足”，B項(xiàng)create“創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作”，C項(xiàng)surround“圍繞，包圍”，D項(xiàng)cross“穿越，越過”。句意：來自太陽和遙遠(yuǎn)恒星的光穿過空間的真空。traverse在句中表示“穿過”。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

7.單選題

Thefactthatthegoldeneagleusuallybuildsitsnestonsomehighcliffs（

）italmostimpossibletoobtaintheeggsortheyoungbirds.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.renders

B.reckons

C.regards

D.relates

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)render“致使”；B選項(xiàng)reckon“計(jì)算；認(rèn)為，把……看作”；C選項(xiàng)regard“看待，認(rèn)為”；D選項(xiàng)relate“有聯(lián)系，連接”。句意：金雕通常將巢筑在高高的懸崖上，這一事實(shí)使得獲取鳥蛋或小鳥幾乎不可能。結(jié)合句意，可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

ForalargenumberofyoungadultsinBritainhomeownershiphasbecomeincreasinglydifficulttoachieve,viewedasadistantgoalattainableonlylaterinlife,ifatall.

ThatisasignificantshiftinBritain.ForyearsownersoccupyahigherpercentageofhomesinBritainthanintheUnitedStates,France,orGermany.OnereasonhomeownershipissoattractiveinBritainisbecausepropertyvaluesdroppedlessdrasticallythanintheUnitedStates,inpartbecauseofashortageinhousing.Pricesinsomelargecities,includingLondon,haveevenincreasedrecently.Peoplestillperceiveahometobeabetterandsaferinvestmentthanapensionfund,saidAndrewHull,researchfellowattheInstituteforPublicPolicyResearch.“Homeownershipisalsoculturallyentrenched,”hesaid.“Owningahomeisthemainwayofshowingyoumadeit.”

Thebigshifttowardhomeownershipcameinthe1980swhenMrs.Thatcherissuedright-to-buypolicy,whichallowedmanyinrentedgovernmenthousingtobuytheirhomes.Abouttwomillionhomesweresold,earningthegovernmenttensofbillionsofpounds.Atthesametime,therentalmarketbecameincreasinglyunattractive.UnlikeGermanyandotherContinentalEuropeancountries,Britain’sprivaterentalmarketishighlyfragmented,withmanylandlordsandlawsthatgenerallyfavorthepropertyowner.Mostleasesareforsixmonthsonly,withlandlordsrarelyagreeingtocommittolongerterms;thismakesrentinghighlyinsecure.

Butasthepainofgovernment-imposedausteritysinksindisposableincomehasshrunkandloanrequirementhavetoughened,forcingmoreandmoreBritonsintorentingratherthanbuying.Overthelast10yearsthenumberofpeoplewhoownedhomesheredroppedto67percentfrom70percent.Meanwhile,thenumberofpeopleinprivaterentedhouseroseto16percentfrom10percentoverthesameperiod,accordingtotheOfficeforNationalStatistics.Risingdemandhaspusheduprentsbyanaverageof4.4percentoverthelastyear,accordingtoLSLPropertyService.InLondonrentsincreased7.8percent.

“Agrowingnumberofyoungwould—bebuyersarepreparingforlifelong-renting—bynecessityratherthanchoice,”saidJonathanMoore,directorofeasyroommate.co.uk,apropertyWebsite.CharlotteAshton,30,haslivedinrentedaccommodationseversincesheleftherparent’shometoattenduniversity.Shesaidshewassavingforadownpaymenttobuyherownhome.“Idobelieveinthefundamentalsofowningbricksandmortarassecurityforthefuture,morethanleavingmymoneyinthebanksasalowinterestrate”,saidMs.Ashton,whoworksinpublicrelations.“Butnowitseemsunlessyouhaveaverywellpaidjobandarewillingtosaveeverypenny,it’sunfeasibletobuywithoutthehelpofthebankofMumandDad.”

Someeconomistsareconcernedthatasmorepeopleareforcedtowaittobuyahome,itcouldopenupawideningofthewealthgapthatalreadyexistsbetweenhomeownersandnonhomeowners,endangeringtheretirementprospectsforaswellinggroupofyoungadultstheycall“generationrent.”Itcouldalsohaveimplicationsforthecohesionofneighborhoods,AlisonBlackwell,aresearchdirectorattheNationalCenterforSocialResearchandauthoroftheHalifaxreportsaid.Renterstendtobelessinvolvedinlocalcommunitiesbecausetheyareforcedtomovemoreoften.Andtheeconomyasawholemaysufferbecauserenterstendtocurbspendingtosaveforadeposit.

36.ForBritishpeople,buyinghouseis________.

37.Mrs.Thatcher’sright-to-buypolicyhasledto________.

38.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutGenerationRentistrue?

39.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.

40.Morepeople’sinclinationtorentratherthanbuyahousewillnot________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adistantgoal

B.asymbolofsuccess

C.acompulsorychoice

D.nothingbutaninvestment

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thehomeownershipbust

B.theeconomicrecovery

C.thehomeownershipboom

D.theeconomicrecession

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyconsiderrentingasalifelongplanratherthanatemporarychoice.

B.Theyareinfaceofeconomicdownturnandariskofearlyretirement.

C.Theydespisetheideaofaskingparentsformoneytobuyhouse.

D.Theystillbelieveintheblessingofhousejustliketheirpreviousgeneration.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.therentalmarketandthebuyingmarketalwaysdevelopinreversedirection

B.itisimpossibleforthefirst-timebuyerstogetamortgageundercurrenteconomicsituation

C.buyinghouseisamoreprofitableinvestmentthanbuyingfundundercurrenteconomicsituation

D.Britain’srealestatemarketislessvolatilethanthatofotherEuropeancountries

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.enlargethewealthdisparitybetweenthehavesandhavenots

B.reducetherenter’scommitmenttothecommunity

C.slowtherecoveryofeconomy

D.curbsocialmobility

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】36.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Owningahomeisthemainwayofshowingyoumadeit.（擁有房子是證明成功的主要方式。），可知B選項(xiàng)“成功的象征”正確。A選項(xiàng)“遙遠(yuǎn)的目標(biāo)”：根據(jù)第一段第一句ForalargenumberofyoungadultsinBritainhomeownershiphasbecomeincreasinglydifficulttoachieve,viewedasadistantgoalattainableonlylaterinlife,ifatall.（對(duì)于英國的很多年輕人來說，擁有住房變得越來越難，這被視為一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的目標(biāo)，如果能實(shí)現(xiàn)，也是在晚年。），可知這是對(duì)于英國年輕人來說而不是普遍的英國人，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“必須的選擇”：文章沒有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“除了投資，什么用處都沒有”：Peoplestillperceiveahometobeabetterandsaferinvestmentthanapensionfund（人們?nèi)哉J(rèn)為住房是比養(yǎng)老基金更好、更安全的投資選擇），這里沒有說買房只有投資這一個(gè)用處，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

37.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句Mrs.Thatcherissuedright-to-buypolicy…Abouttwomillionhomesweresold,earningthegovernmenttensofbillionsofpounds.（撒切爾夫人頒布了購房權(quán)政策……大約售出了200萬套房子，收入達(dá)數(shù)百億英鎊。），可知撒切爾夫人的政策促進(jìn)許多人買房，所以C選項(xiàng)“很多人買房”正確，A選項(xiàng)“不能買房”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇”和D選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退”：文章沒有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

38.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段第一句Someeconomistsareconcernedthatasmorepeopleareforcedtowaittobuyahome,itcouldopenupawideningofthewealthgapthatalreadyexistsbetweenhomeownersandnonhomeowners,endangeringtheretirementprospectsforaswellinggroupofyoungadultstheycall“generationrent.”（一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家擔(dān)心，隨著越來越多的人被迫等待買房，可能會(huì)擴(kuò)大房主和非房主之間已經(jīng)存在的貧富差距，危及日益壯大的被他們稱為“租房一代”的年輕人的退休前景），可知租房一代手里可能會(huì)更沒有錢，退休也會(huì)受到影響，所以B選項(xiàng)“他們面臨著經(jīng)濟(jì)水平下降和提前退休的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”正確；他們被迫等待著買房，說明還是想要快一點(diǎn)買到房，故A選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為租房是一生的計(jì)劃，而不是暫時(shí)的選擇”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“他們鄙視向父母借錢買房的想法”和D選項(xiàng)“他們像上一輩一樣仍然相信房子帶來的榮譽(yù)”：文章沒有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

39.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二、三句Abouttwomillionhomesweresold,earningthegovernmenttensofbillionsofpounds.Atthesametime,therentalmarketbecameincreasinglyunattractive.（大約200萬套房子被售出，收入達(dá)數(shù)百億英鎊。與此同時(shí)，租賃市場變得越來越缺乏吸引力。）和第四段第二、三句thenumberofpeoplewhoownedhomesheredroppedto67percentfrom70percent.Meanwhile,thenumberofpeopleinprivaterentedhouseroseto16percentfrom10percentoverthesameperiod（擁有住房的人數(shù)從70%下降到了67%。同時(shí)，私人租房的人數(shù)從10%上升到了16%。），可知買房和租房的此消彼長，所以A選項(xiàng)“租賃市場和購買市場總是朝著相反的方向發(fā)展”正確。B選項(xiàng)“在目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢下，首次購房者不可能獲得抵押貸款”，C選項(xiàng)“在目前的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢下，買房是比買基金更有利可圖的投資”和D選項(xiàng)“英國的房地產(chǎn)市場比其他歐洲國家的不穩(wěn)定”：文章沒有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

40.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段倒數(shù)第二句Renterstendtobelessinvolvedinlocalcommunitiesbecausetheyareforcedtomovemoreoften.（租房者往往較少參與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)，因?yàn)樗麄儽黄劝峒腋l繁。），頻繁搬家不會(huì)抑制社會(huì)流動(dòng)性，所以D選項(xiàng)“抑制社會(huì)流動(dòng)性”正確。A選項(xiàng)“擴(kuò)大富人和窮人之間的財(cái)富差距”：根據(jù)第六段第一句asmorepeopleareforcedtowaittobuyahome,itcouldopenupawideningofthewealthgapthatalreadyexistsbetweenhomeownersandnonhomeowners（隨著越來越多的人被迫等待買房，可能會(huì)擴(kuò)大房主和非房主之間已經(jīng)存在的貧富差距）可知更多人租房會(huì)這會(huì)拉大貧富差距，符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“削弱租賃者對(duì)社區(qū)的承諾”：根據(jù)第六段第二句Itcouldalsohaveimplicationsforthecohesionofneighborhoods（這還可能對(duì)社區(qū)的凝聚力產(chǎn)生影響），可知更多人租房會(huì)降低社區(qū)凝聚力，符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“減緩經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇”：根據(jù)第六段最后一句Andtheeconomyasawholemaysufferbecauserenterstendtocurbspendingtosaveforadeposit.（而且，由于租房者傾向于節(jié)省開支以支付押金，所以整體經(jīng)濟(jì)可能會(huì)受到影響。），可知更多人租房會(huì)減緩經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Thelegalownershipofthegoods______theselleruntilthefinalpaymenthasbeenmade.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.relieson

B.consists

C.remainswith

D.fallsinto

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)relyon“依靠；依賴；憑借；信賴”；B選項(xiàng)consists“包括；組成；由；在于”；C選項(xiàng)remainwith“屬于；在；翻譯；取決于”；D選項(xiàng)fallinto“落入；陷入；陷于；河流注入”。句意：在付清全部貨款之前，貨物的所有權(quán)屬于賣方。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Ifyoukeeponoverworkingyourself,yourhealthwill（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.degenerate

B.deteriorate

C.degrade

D.deform

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。degenerate“使退化，惡化，墮落”；deteriorate“惡化”；degrade“貶低，使丟臉”；deform“使變形，使成畸形”。句意：如果你繼續(xù)過度工作，你的健康狀況會(huì)變壞。B項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Theopeningceremonywascolorful,butthe（

）proceedingswereboring.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.subsequent

B.consequent

C.successive

D.later

【答案】A

【解析】句意:盡管開幕式多姿多彩，但是隨后的活動(dòng)卻是無聊的。

考查形容詞辨析。Subsequent隨后的,后來的;consequent隨之發(fā)生的,作為結(jié)果的;successive連續(xù)的,依次的;later后來的,以后的。故A符合句意。

12.單選題

“WelcometotheUSA!Majorcreditcardsareaccepted!”Bythemillionstheyarecomingnolongerthetired,thepoor,thewretchedmasseslongingforabetterliving.Thesearethewealthy.“Wedon’thaveabudget,”saysabiologistfromBrazil,asshewalkswithtwocompanionsthroughNewYorkCity’sSouthStreet.“Wejustuseourcreditcards.”

TheUShaslongbeenoneoftheworld’smostpopulartouristdestinations,butthisyearhasbeenexceptional.First,therewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycomeroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheUSdollaragainstmajorcurrencies.NowtheUS,stilltheworld’ssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworld’sbargainbasement(廉價(jià)商品部).NobodyundersellsAmericathesedaysonjustabouteverything,fromconsumerelectronicstofashionclothestotennisrackets.Bottomretailpricesanywherefrom30%to70%lowerthanthoseinEuropeandAsiahaveattractedsome47millionvisitors,whoareexpectedtoleavebehind$79billionin1994.That’supfrom$74billiontheyearbefore.

True,noteveryonecomesjustforbargains.ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandUStelevisionseries.ButshoppingintheUSAisprovingirresistible.Everyweekthousandsarrivewithemptysuitcasesreadytobefilled;someevenrentanadditionalhotelroomtoholdtheirpurchases.Thebuyingbinge(無節(jié)制)hasbecomeasimportantaswatchingOldFaithfulFountainseruptinYellowstoneParkorsunbathingonabeachinFlorida.

TheUShascomeatlasttoappreciatewhatothercountrieslearnedlongago:thepouringinofforeigntouristsmaynotalwaysbeconvenient,butitdoesputmoneyinthebank.Andwithatradedeficitatabout$130billionandgrowingforthepast12months,theUSneedsallthedepositsitcanget.ComparedwithAmericantouristsabroad,visitorstotheUSstaylongerandspendmoremoneyateachstop;anaverageof12.2nightand$1624atravelerversustheAmericans’fournightsand$298.

41.FromwhattheBrazilianbiologistsays,weknowthattouristslikeher（）.

42.Thereasonwhy1994wasexceptionalisthat（）.

43.Bysaying“nobodyundersellsAmerica”,theauthormeansthat（）.

44.WhydoestheauthorassertthatallthingsAmericanarefascinatingtoforeigners?

45.FromthepassagewecanconcludethattheUShascometorealize（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.arereluctanttocarrycashwiththem

B.simplydon’tcarehowmuchtheyspend

C.arenotgoodatplanningtheirexpenditure

D.oftenspendmoremoneythantheycanafford

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.itsawanunusuallylargenumberoftouristsintheUS

B.itwitnessedadropinthenumberoftouristsintheUS

C.tourismwashardlyaffectedbytheweakeningoftheUSdollarthatyear

D.touristscametotheUSforsightseeingratherthanforbargainsthatyear

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.nocountryunderestimatesthecompetitivenessofAmericanproducts

B.nobodyexpectstheAmericanstocutthepricesoftheircommodities

C.nobodyrestrainsthesellingofAmericangoods

D.nocountrysellsatalowerpricethanAmerica

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.BecausetheyhavegainedmuchpublicitythroughtheAmericanmedia.

B.Becausetheyrepresenttheworld'slatestfashions.

C.Becausetheyembodythemostsophisticatedtechnology.

D.Becausetheyareavailableatalltouristdestinations.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theweakeningoftheUSdollarcanresultintradedeficits

B.thelowertheretailprices,thegreatertheprofits

C.tourismcanmakegreatcontributionstoitseconomy

D.visitorstotheUSarethewealthiestintheworld

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】41.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到原文第一段，Wedon’thaveabudget...wejustuseourcreditcards.（我們沒有預(yù)算，我們只用信用卡。）是指花錢不用做預(yù)算，想買就用信用卡，其暗含的意思就是B選項(xiàng)“根本不在乎他們花了多少錢”正確。A選項(xiàng)“不愿意帶現(xiàn)金”，雖然文章說他們用信用卡，但是并沒有說他們就不愛用現(xiàn)金，錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)“不擅長規(guī)劃自己的支出”，原文沒有提到；D選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)?；ǖ腻X超出他們的負(fù)擔(dān)能力”，過度推斷。

42.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段First,therewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycomeroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheUSdollaragainstmajorcurrencies.（首先是世界杯，吸引了來自世界各地的成千上萬的人；其次是美元對(duì)其他主要貨幣的匯率下跌。）這兩點(diǎn)吸引了大量的游客，因此這一年才非同尋常，因此A選項(xiàng)“美國的游客數(shù)量異乎尋常地多”，正確。B選項(xiàng)“到美國旅游的人數(shù)出現(xiàn)了下降”，與事實(shí)相反；C選項(xiàng)“那一年，旅游業(yè)幾乎沒有受到美元貶值的影響”，與原文不符，原文說了美元貶值也是它的原因之一；D選項(xiàng)“那一年，游客來美國觀光而不是買便宜貨”，無法通過原文推斷出來。

43.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段第三句話NowtheUS,stilltheworld’ssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworld’sbargainbasement.（美國現(xiàn)在仍是世界上的超級(jí)大國，也可以聲稱是世界上的廉價(jià)商品部。）所以，nobodyundersellsAmerica這句話所暗含的意思是：沒有哪個(gè)國家的物價(jià)水平比美國更低。在后文中，作者又提到了美國的零售底價(jià)比歐洲低30%，比亞洲低70%。這一事實(shí)更證明了這一觀點(diǎn)的正確性。因此D選項(xiàng)“沒有一個(gè)國家的售價(jià)比美國更低”正確。A選項(xiàng)“沒有一個(gè)國家會(huì)低估美國產(chǎn)品的競爭力”，原文沒有提及；B選項(xiàng)“沒有人指望美國人降低他們的商品價(jià)格”，無關(guān)選項(xiàng)；C選項(xiàng)“沒有人限制美國商品的銷售”，無關(guān)項(xiàng)。

44.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandUStelevisionseries.ButshoppingtheUSAisprovingirresistible.（在世界其他地方，人們對(duì)美國的一切事物都有著不可否認(rèn)的迷戀，這得益于好萊塢電影和美國電視劇。）這句話說明了是媒體使人們對(duì)美國貨產(chǎn)生迷戀，因此A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄兺ㄟ^美國媒體獲得了大量的宣傳”正確。B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗鼈兇砹耸澜缟献钚碌臅r(shí)尚”，這一點(diǎn)文章沒有表述；C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗鼈凅w現(xiàn)了最復(fù)雜的技術(shù)”錯(cuò)誤；D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)谒新糜文康牡囟寄苜I到”，無關(guān)項(xiàng)。

45.歸納概括題。最后一段的第一句TheUShascomeatlasttoappreciatewhatothercountrieslearnedlongago:thepouringinofforeigntouristsmaynotalwaysbeconvenient,butitdoesputmoneyinthebank.（美國終于意識(shí)到其它國家很久以前就學(xué)到的東西:外國游客的涌入可能并不總是方便的，但它確實(shí)把錢存進(jìn)了銀行。）言外之意就是美國已經(jīng)意識(shí)到旅游業(yè)為美國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展做出非常重大的貢獻(xiàn)，大批外國游客涌入美國，并給美國政府帶來了大筆收入。因此C選項(xiàng)“旅游業(yè)可以對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“美元的疲軟會(huì)導(dǎo)致貿(mào)易赤字”，是片面信息；B選項(xiàng)“零售價(jià)格越低，利潤就越大”，不是重點(diǎn)；D選項(xiàng)“美國的游客是世界上最富有的”，原文根本沒有提到，無中生有。

13.單選題

Somemodemanthropologistsholdthatbiologicalevolution（）notonlyhumanmorphologybutalsohumanbehavior.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasrelated

B.isrelated

C.isshaped

D.hasshaped

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。relate“有聯(lián)系”；shape“形成，塑造”，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，evolution和動(dòng)詞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，選項(xiàng)B和C可排除。句意：一些現(xiàn)代人類學(xué)家認(rèn)為，生物進(jìn)化不僅塑造了人類的形態(tài)，而且還塑造了人類的行為。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

14.單選題

Firstthegoodnews:9in10peoplesaidtheyweresatisfiedwiththeirjobsorworkthattheydo-andthatremainedsteadythroughout2008,despitetheeconomy.Andnowthebad,evenifitsnotsosurprising:Thenumberofpeoplewhosaidtheiremployerreducedthesizeoftheworkforcerosedramaticallyduringtheyear,from15%inthefirstquarterto23%inthefourthquarter.

That’saccordingtoasurveyfromGallupandhealthmanagementcompanyHealthways.Nearlyeachdayin2008,about1,000adultswereaskedabouttheirphysical,emotional,economicandworkplacewell-being.Whenitcametotheirworkenvironment,manyofthe355,334peoplesurveyedbyphonewerepositive.Butthereweresomelaborpains.

Just47%ofrespondentsfromHawaiisaidtheyweresatisfiedwiththeirjobs,usedtheirstrengthsatwork,weretreatedbyasupervisorasapartnerandworkedinan“open,trustingenvironment”.Thatwasthelowestscoreofanystateonaworkenvironmentindexthatwascompiledbycalculatingpositiveresponsesinthosefourareas.Utahnabbedtophonors,with59%ofitsrespondentssayingthosefourelementswereprevalentinworklives.AmongthebiggestdifferencesbetweenUtahandHawaii:73%ofUtahrespondentssaidtheirsupervisorcreatedatrustingenvironment,whileonly58%offolksinHawaiifeltthatway.Thenationalaveragewas65%.TheGallup—HealthwaysAHIPCongressionalReportdidn’tofferanyinsightsintowhyUtahruledandHawaiirankedsopoorlyontheworkplacefront.

Hawaii’sresidentstooktheNo.1slotinanothertwosurveyareas,emotionalhealthandlivingconditions.“Maybehavingajobwhileyou’reinparadisemaynotbeallthatgreat,”saysJimHarter,achiefscientistofworkplaceandwell-beingatGallup.

Utahhasdonewellinseparateworkplacestudies,aswell.Afterconsideringfactorssuchasunemploymentrate,jobgrowth,incomegrowth,medianhouseholdincomeandthecostofliving,Moody’sEnameditscapital,SaltLakeCity,thebestU.S.citytoworkinfor2007and2008.Butthoseglorydayshavefaded,saysGusFaucher,Moody’sEdirectorofmacroeconomics.Utah’shousingboomturnedintoabustlaterthanmoststates.ThenationalrecessionbeganinDecember2007,accordingtotheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch.SaltLakeCity’srecessionbeganinNovember2008,accordingtoMoody’sE.

Fromanon-economicangle,FauchersayshecanseewhyUtahwouldearnstrongmarksontheworkfront.“ThestateisreallyMormon,sothereisasenseofsolidarity”amongmanyemployees,hesays.“Peoplefeelveryconnectedtoeachother.”Also,withitshighbirthrate,Utahhasarobustpopulationofyoungeremployeeswhooftenaddenthusiasmtotheworkplace,Fauchersays.That’sthecaseattheWasatchMusicCoachingAcademyinSaltLakeCity,schoolownerDavidMurphysays.Mostinstructorsarebetween22and35yearsoldandareextremelypassionateandexcitedaboutteachingstudents,hesays.Murphy,52,whosayshehasa“dream”job,takesacollaborativeapproachinmanagingallstaffers,“Iseemyselfworkingsidebysidewithmystaff,notovermystaff.”

1.Whatcanweinferfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

2.FromParagraph4,wecaninferallofthefollowingEXCEPTthat______.

3.TheauthormentionsseveralfactorsthatwillaffectthehappinessofpeopleEXCEPT:______.

4.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?

5.WhycouldUtahearnstrongmarksontheworkfront?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theeconomyof2008wasstillsteady.

B.Morepeoplehadtochangetheirjobs.

C.FromJan.toApr.,about54,000peoplelosttheirjobs.

D.Mostofthepeoplesurveyedfelthopeless.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Hawaii’sresidentsmayfeelmorerelaxed

B.theword“paradise”mayrefertoHawaii

C.peoplemaypreferlivinginHawaiitoworkingthere

D.JimHartermaybeascientistinHawaii

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Physicalhealth

B.Psychologicalcondition

C.Placestheycomefrom

D.Workingenvironment

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.SaltLakeCityisthebestplacetoworkinforever.

B.Utah’seconomyneverencounteredrecession.

C.Hawaiiisabestplaceforentertainmentandwork.

D.ManycitiesintheUnitedStateshaveencounteredeconomicdepression.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thesenseofsolidarityandpassionsofyoungemployees.

B.Goodregulationssetbythegovernment.

C.Favoriteclimate.

D.Goodgeographicallocation.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“2008年的經(jīng)濟(jì)保持穩(wěn)定”，可以定位到文章第一段第一句9in10peoplesaidtheyweresatisfiedwiththeirjobsorworkthattheydo-andthatremainedsteadythroughout2008.（90%的人說他們對(duì)自己的工作或目前的工作感到滿意，而且在整個(gè)2008年這一比例都保持穩(wěn)定），2008年，90%對(duì)工作滿意度呈平穩(wěn)趨勢，可排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)“更多的人不得不換工作”，可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Thenumberofpeoplewhosaidtheiremployerreducedthesizeoftheworkforcerosedramaticallyduringtheyear,from15%inthefirstquarterto23%inthefourthquarter.（今年，聲稱雇主裁員的人數(shù)大幅上升，從第一季度的15%上升到第四季度的23%），雇主削減了勞動(dòng)力規(guī)模的人數(shù)在今年大幅上升，可以推測更多的人不得不更換工作，B選項(xiàng)正確。C選項(xiàng)“從1月到4月，大約有54000人失業(yè)”，文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)接受調(diào)查的人感到絕望”，文章提到許多人對(duì)工作環(huán)境持肯定態(tài)度，因此大多數(shù)人不會(huì)感到絕望，可排除D選項(xiàng)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干我們可以定位到文章第四段。D選項(xiàng)“吉姆?哈特可能是夏威夷的科學(xué)家”，文章第四段沒有提到此內(nèi)容，D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“夏威夷的居民可能會(huì)感到更放松”，可以定位到第四段第一句Hawaii’sresidentstooktheNo.1slotinanothertwosurveyareas,emotionalhealthandlivingconditions.（夏威夷居民在情緒健康和生活條件這兩個(gè)調(diào)查領(lǐng)域也名列榜首），文章所說夏威夷居民在情緒健康和生活條件這兩個(gè)調(diào)查領(lǐng)域也名列榜首，也就是夏威夷的居民會(huì)感到放松，A選項(xiàng)排除。B選項(xiàng)“天堂這個(gè)詞可能指的是夏威夷”，可以定位到文章第四段第二句Maybehavingajobwhileyou’reinparadisemaynotbeallthatgreat.（在天堂擁有一份工作可能不是那么地好），可以推測天堂也就是代指前面的夏威夷，B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“人們可能更喜歡住在夏威夷而不是在那里工作”，可以定位到文章第四段第二句Maybehavingajobwhileyou’reinparadisemaynotbeallthatgreat.（在天堂擁有一份工作可能不是那么地好），也就是夏威夷不太適合工作，C選項(xiàng)可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。C選項(xiàng)“他們來自哪里”，文章沒有提到，他們來自哪里會(huì)影響他們的幸福感，C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“身體健康”，可以定位到第四段第一句Hawaii’sresidentstooktheNo.1slotinanothertwosurveyareas,emotionalhealthandlivingconditions.（夏威夷居民在情緒健康和生活條件這兩個(gè)調(diào)查領(lǐng)域也名列榜首），情緒健康和生活條件這兩個(gè)調(diào)查領(lǐng)域也名列榜首，也就是身體健康會(huì)影響人們的幸福感，A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“心理狀態(tài)”，心理狀態(tài)會(huì)影響人們的幸福感，B選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“工作環(huán)境”，可以定位到文章第三段第一句Just47%ofrespondentsfromHawaiisaidtheyweresatisfiedwiththeirjobs,usedtheirstrengthsatwork,weretreatedbyasupervisorasapartnerandworkedinan“open,trustingenvironment”（在夏威夷的受訪者中，只有47%的人對(duì)自己的工作感到滿意，在工作中發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢，被上司視為合作伙伴，在一個(gè)“開放、信任的環(huán)境”中工作），文章提到在“開放、信任的環(huán)境”中工作，會(huì)對(duì)工作感到滿意，人們的幸福感也就會(huì)提升，D選項(xiàng)可排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。D選項(xiàng)“美國許多城市都遭遇了經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條”，文章倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句ThenationalrecessionbeganinDecember2007,accordingtotheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch.（根據(jù)美國國家經(jīng)濟(jì)研究局的數(shù)據(jù)，這場全國性的衰退始于2007年12月），也就是美國經(jīng)濟(jì)經(jīng)歷了全國大蕭條，D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“鹽湖城永遠(yuǎn)是最好的工作場所”，文章倒數(shù)第二段第五句SaltLakeCity,thebestU.S.citytoworkinfor2007（鹽湖城評(píng)為2007年美國最適宜工作的城市），沒有提到是永遠(yuǎn)適宜工作的地點(diǎn)，A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“猶他州的經(jīng)濟(jì)從未遭遇過衰退”，可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句Utah’shousingboomturnedintoabustlaterthanmoststates.（猶他州的房地產(chǎn)泡沫破滅的時(shí)間比大多數(shù)州都晚），但并不是從沒有經(jīng)歷衰退，B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“夏威夷是娛樂和工作的最佳場所”，可以定位到文章第四段第二句Maybehavingajobwhileyou’reinparadisemaynotbeallthatgreat.（在天堂擁有一份工作可能不是那么地好），可推測夏威夷可能不太適合工作，C選項(xiàng)可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。通過題干我們可以定位到文章最后一段第四句Also,withitshighbirthrate,Utahhasarobustpopulationofyoungeremployeeswhooftenaddenthusiasmtotheworkplace（此外，由于猶他州的高出生率，年輕員工的數(shù)量也非常多，他們經(jīng)常為工作增添熱情），這也就是猶他州能夠獲得高分的原因。A選項(xiàng)“年輕員工的團(tuán)結(jié)感和激情”符合文章內(nèi)容，A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“政府制定的良好規(guī)章制度”，文中沒有提到此內(nèi)容，B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“最喜歡的氣候”，氣候并不是造成猶他州取得高分的原因，C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“地理位置優(yōu)越”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Myfatherwas,Iamsure,intendedbynaturetobeacheerful,kindlyman.Untilhewasthirty-fouryearsoldheworkedasafarmhandforamannamedThomasButterworthwhoseplacelaynearthetownofBidwell,Ohio.HehadthenahorseofhisownandonSaturdayeveningsdroveintotowntospendafewhoursinsocialintercoursewithotherfarmhands…Atteno’clockFatherdrovehomealongalonelycountryroad,madehishorsecomfortableforthenightandhimselfwenttobed,quitehappyinhispositioninlife.Hehadatthattimenonotionoftryingtoriseintheworld.

Itwasinthespringofhisthirty-fifthyearthatFathermarriedmymother,thenacountryschoolteacher,andinthefollowingspringIcamewrigglingandcryingintotheworld.Somethinghappenedtothetwopeople.Theybecameambitious.TheAmericanpassionforgettingupintheworldtookpossessionofthem.

ItmayhavebeenthatMotherwasresponsible.Beingaschoolteachershehadnodoubtreadbooksandmagazines.Shehad,Ipresume,readofhowGarfield,LincolnandotherAmericansrosefrompovertytofameandgreatnessandasIlaybesideher—inthedaysofherlying-in—shemayhavedreamedthatIwouldsomedayrulemenandcities.Atanyrate,sheinducedFathertogiveuphisplaceasafarmhand,sellhishorseandembarkonanindependententerpriseofhisown…

Thefirstventureintowhichthetwopeoplewentturnedoutbadly.TheyrentedtenacresofpoorstonylandonGrigg’sRoad,eightmilesfromBidwell,andlaunchedintochickenraising.Igrewintoboyhoodontheplaceandgotmyfirstimpressionsoflifethere.Fromthebeginningtheywereimpressionsofdisasterandif,inmyturn,Iamagloomymaninclinedtoseethedarkersideoflife,Iattributedittothefactthatwhatshouldhavebeenformethehappyjoyousdaysofchildhoodwerespentonachickenfarm.

Oneunversedinsuchmaterscanhavenonotionofthemanyandtragicthingsthatcanhappentoachicken.ItisbornoutofanegglivesforafewweeksasatinyfluffythingsuchasyouwillseepicturedonEastercards,thenbecomeshideouslynaked,eatsquantitiesofcornandmealboughtbythesweatofyourfather’sbrow,getsdiseasescalledpip,choleraandothernames,standslookingwithstupideyesatthesun,becomessickanddies.Afewhensandnowandthenarooster,intendedtoserveGod’smysteriousends,strugglethroughtomaturity.Thehenslayeggsoutofwhichcomeotherchickensandthedreadfulcycleisthusmadecomplete.Itisallunbelievablycomplex.Mostphilosophersmusthavebeenraisedonchicke