Design&RealizationofCADSoftwareSystemforRailwayRoadbed(鐵路路基CAD軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn))200412110020XieBaiyi18thApr.05

OutlineInstructiontechnicalcontentsSoftwareapplicationsFutureWork:thestudyofExpertsystemforRoadbedCADRoadbedisanimportantpartofrailwayinfrastructure.Ithasafunctiontobearthetrain’sloadandresistthedamagefromenvironmentandothersources.Roadbeddesignincludesthreemainparts,i.e.thedesignofslopereinforcementandprotection,thedesignofsoftclaygroundtreatment,andthedesignofdrainsystem.Theroadbeddesignhasacloserelationshipwiththeconditionsofterrainandgeology.Fortheconditionsofterrainandgeologicalarevariousandchangeable,thedesignforroadbedisvariousanddifficult.ThispaperintroducesamodeltosimulatethedesignofroadbedanddiscusseshowtorealizeitbyusingObjectOrientedProgrammingtechnologyandObjectARX.1.Instruction2.technicalcontents2.1 Roadbeddesignmodel2.2 Inputdatatreatment2.3 CADtreatment2.4 Quantitycalculation2.1 RoadbeddesignmodelTobuildanoverallroadbedCADmodel,therearetwokeyconsiderations.Thefirstistheproblemreductionprinciple,i.e.forroadbeddesignisverydifficultinawhole,soIseparateitintosomecomponents.Eachcomponentcanbecomputerizedandmustberelativelyfunctionalindependent.SowecanuseObjectOrientedProgrammingtechnologytoformalizethem.Andwebuildabigclassofroadbedwithaggregatingtheallcomponentclasses.Itcontainsallcomponentclassesasitscomponentbase.Thefunctionoftheaggregatingclassofroadbedistoformdifferentperformance,i.e.differentroadbeddesignscheme,bychoosingoneormoredifferentcomponentclassesfromcomponentbase.2.1 RoadbeddesignmodelThesecondismultiplelevelparameterizedcontrols.Therailroadisastripstructure.Andit’schangeableinroadbeddesignconditions.Theroadbeddesignhassomecommonfeatures,sowecanabstractsomeoverallparametersfromit.2.1 RoadbeddesignmodelSecondlythecomponentskeeprelativelystabilityinascope.Moreover,weintroducesomecontrolparametersincomponentsaccordingtounificationprinciple,sotheycanhavesameparameterizedcontrolbutperformdifferentlyaccordingtodifferentroadbeddesignconditions.Wemakeeverycomponenthaveapropertyofsubsectionsandeverysubsectionhassubsectionparameters.Soitformsthesecondlevelofparameterizedcontrol.2.1 RoadbeddesignmodelFinally,ineverysubsectionofacomponent,therestillexistsomespecialfeaturesthatcannotbecompletelyexpressedbysubsectionparameterizedcontrol,especiallyinasituationthatsomeusersareunwillingtohavethecomponenttodivideintomoresubsections.Sowetakethecross-sectionparameterizedcontrolintomodel.Thecross-sectionsarecontainedbythecomponentsubsection.Theycanhavesameordifferentparameterswithsubsectiontheybelongtoaccordingtorealdesigncondition.2.1 RoadbeddesignmodelThesoftwaresystemstructurecanbeexpressedasfollowingdiagram.OutputInputdatatreatmentCADtreatmentSoftclaygroundtreatmentDrainsystemQuantitycalculationSlopereinforcementandprotection2.2 InputdatatreatmentTheyaretheroadbeddesign’sinputpart.Thekeyconsiderationishowtheywillbeobtainedmoreefficientlyandwhatwaytheywillbestored.2.2 InputdatatreatmentAmongthese,howtogetthegeologicaldataefficientlyandpreciselyisakeyproblem.Sowebuildanengineeringgeologicalautomaticstratumconnectingmodel,whichcontainsasimpleintelligencereasoningtoformanautomaticstratumconnecting,togivefacilitiesforgettingtheroadbed’sgeologicaldataautomatically.2.3 CADtreatmentthedesignofslopereinforcementandprotectionItcontainscross-sectiondesign,andelevationdesign,i.e.theslopeplanedesigntoshowexactlytheslopedesign,whichshowsslopedesignindetailbutignoresotherpart.Therearemanyslopetreatments,sothesoftwaremustdealwithallthesetreatments.Thecross-sectiondesignistherootdesign.Afterhavingfinishedtreatmentofcross-sectiondesign,theelevationdesigndataareautomaticallyacquired,whichcanbeusedtodotheelevationdesign.Sotheelevationdesigncanbeautomaticallyfulfilledinthissystem.Forelevationdesignisamoredetaildesignforslope,sowerequirethatitsdesignresultcanbeusedtooptimizethecross-sectiondesign.Thesoftwarehasamethodtodealwithit,bymodifyingthecomponentparametersaccordingtoelevationresult.Itisnottough,forallcrosssectionandelevationdesignresultdataareallinthesamesubsection.2.3 CADtreatmentthedesignofsoftclaygroundtreatmentTherearemanykindsofgroundtreatmentmethods.Wehaveanalyzedthemanddrawoutsomecomponentsfromit.Insoftclaygrounddesign,itcontainsnotonlycross-sectiondesign,butalsosoftclaygroundtreatmenthorizontalplanedesignandengineeringgeologicalverticalsectiondesignofsoftclaygroundtreatment.(Wemergethesoftclaygroundhorizontalplaneparameterizedcontroldataintocross-sectiondesigndata,sowecanensuretheirconsistence).Inordertotreatengineeringgeologicalverticalsectiondesign,webuildanengineeringgeologicalautomaticstratumconnectingmodel,whichhasbeenmentionedinthedatatreatmentpart.2.3 CADtreatmentthedesignfordrainsystemRoadbeddrainsystemdesignisaveryimportantaspect,formostdamagesofroadbedarecausedbywater,directlyorindirectly.Thissoftwarebuildsaprocedurewhichhassomekindofintelligenttreatmentfordrainsystem,whichcanautomaticallylocatethehorizontalandverticalposition,makethewaterflowalongasmoothdraingradient.Afterbeingtreatedautomatically,ifuserswanttochangedesigntotheirowndesire,theycandoitfreely.2.4 QuantitycalculationThecalculationforquantityofthematerialsthatusedinroadbedisveryimport,forwemustuseittoevaluatetheeconomicalinvestandpreparethematerialswhenconstructingtherailroad.Thesoftwareautomaticallycalculatesthequantityincomponents’CADprocesswithsomeintelligence.2.4 QuantitycalculationBesideautomaticquantitycalculation,thenameofquantitycanbemodifiedflexibly,whichisnecessarywhenthematerialshavechanged.Thissoftwarehasadatabasetomanagethequantitynames,whichproducesaquantitycodeforeveryquantityitem.Inthesoftware,allquantityitemsareidentifiedasacode.Westillcanaddsomenewquantityitemstothedesignautomaticallybygivingthenewnameandaformulaofaddedquantityitem.2.4 QuantitycalculationThequantitiesmustbesummedupand,furthermore,itisrequiredthatthequantitiesandtheirsumstepsmustbeoutputinreportforms.Wecanwritecodetodealwithit.ButwehaveaneasierwaytodoitbymeansofputtingthemtoEXCELworksheets.WeknowthatEXCELsoftwarehasafunctiontoprovideaserviceforautomation.WecanusethisfeaturetofillallreportstoEXCEL.3 SoftwareapplicationsFrom1998,thesoftwarehasbeenappliedinalmostallrailwayline’sroadbeddesignwetookchargein,fromprimarydesignstagetodetail-drawingdesignstage.Ithadausageratefrom66%whenbeginningtoover95%latterly.ThefamousBeijing-ShanghaiHigh-speedrailwaylineandallotherrailwaylinesusedittofulfillthedesign.Correspondedwithpractice’sneeds,ithasmadethreetimesversionconversionandupgrade,andnowitstillintheprocessofimproving.InApr.7th2001,thesoftwaresystempassedtheprovincialauthenticationandweweregradtoknowanauthoritativeevaluationthatthissoftwaresystemhadreachedthecountry’shighestlevelinitsfield.4 DiscussionforexpertsystemThisrailwayroadbedCADsoftwaresystemimplementstherailwayroadbed’sautomaticdesignbyproducingamodeltosimulatetheprocessofrealworlddesign.ItusedtheObjectOrientedandCADProgrammingtechnology,andothertechnologies.Ithasbeenusedinthehighwayroadbeddesign.Bydoingsomeconversion,itcanbeappliedtootherrelevantfieldsofrockandsoilengineering.Ithasimprovedtheproductiveefficiencygreatlyandgainedagreatprofittoitsapplicationfield.4 Discussionforexpertsyste