書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京林業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoEnglish.

自新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)，南京發(fā)生的巨大而深刻的變化令人歡欣鼓舞。從1949年4月23日開(kāi)始，人民真正成為這座古老城市的主人。人民在自己的土地上辛勤勞作，把古城南京裝扮得面貌一新，特別是近十幾年，改革開(kāi)放又給這座美麗的名城注入了新的活力，嶄新的工作、通達(dá)的運(yùn)輸、如畫(huà)的城市建設(shè)、興盛的第三產(chǎn)業(yè)、多彩的文化生活，都使這個(gè)具有古都特色的現(xiàn)代化城市煥發(fā)出勃勃英姿。南京，這座古老而又年輕的歷史文化名城，是多么可愛(ài)！

“兒時(shí)”的可愛(ài)是“無(wú)知”。那時(shí)侯，件件都是“知”，你每天可以做大科學(xué)家和大哲學(xué)家，每天在發(fā)現(xiàn)什么新的現(xiàn)象，新的真理?，F(xiàn)在呢？什么都已經(jīng)知道了，熟悉了，每個(gè)人的臉都已經(jīng)看厭了。宇宙和社會(huì)是那么陳舊，無(wú)味，雖然它們其實(shí)比“兒時(shí)”新鮮得多了。我于是想念“兒時(shí)”，禱告“兒時(shí)'不能夠前進(jìn)的吋候，就愿意退后幾步,替自己恢復(fù)己經(jīng)走過(guò)的前途。請(qǐng)求“無(wú)知”回來(lái)，給我求知的快樂(lè)。

【答案】GreatandprofoundchangeshavetakenplaceinNanjingsincethefoundationofNewChina.ThecommonpeoplehavebecomethegenuinemastersofthisoldcitysinceApril23,1949.ThepeopleofNanjingwhohavebeenworkinghardontheirownlandhavegiventhisage-oldcityanewappearance.Especiallyforthepasttenyearsormore,China’sreformandopening-uppolicyhasbroughtmorefreshvigortothisbeautifulandfamouscity.Newjobs,efficienttransportationnetworksextendinginalldirections,picturesquecityconstruction,prosperoustertiaryindustriesandvariousandcolorfulculturallives,haveaddedcharmandvitalitytothismoderncitywhichretainssomehowthefeaturesofanancientcapital.HowlovelyNanjing—ahistoricandculturalcitywhichisoldandyoungis!

Thechildhood’slovelinessisignorant.Duringthatperiod,everythingwasnewtous,andeverydaywecouldbeagreatscientistorphilosopher;eachdaywediscoverednewphenomenaandnewtruths.Howaboutnow?Noweverythingisfamiliartous,butwe’retiredoflookingateverybody’sface.Theuniverseandsocietyaresooldandtasteless,althoughtheyaremuchfresherthanchildhood.ThenImissmychildhoodandprayforit.Whenwecannotadvanceanymore,weliketotakeafewstepsbacktorestorethefuturewehavepassed.Weaskforthereturnof“childishignorance”toletusre-experiencethejoyofknowledge-seeking.

2.單選題

TheBrownslivedina（

）andcomfortablyfurnishedhouseinthesuburbs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confess

B.sufficient

C.wide

D.wretched

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：布朗一家住在郊區(qū)寬敞而且設(shè)施齊全的房子里。Confess“懺悔”，動(dòng)詞；sufficient“足夠的”；wide“寬敞的”；wretched“可憐的”。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.填空題

Hediscoveredfromthetimetablethatthetrainwas(1)intwentyminutes.Edgarsettledhimselfintoacorner,worriedin(2)whenpeoplesawhimtheywouldallwonder(3)achildlikehimwasmakingatrainjourneyalone.Hesighedwith(4)whenatlastheheardthefirstsoundofthetrainandthensawitroarin—thetrain(5)wastotakehimoutintotheworld.

Asheclimbed(6)henoticedhisticketwassecond-class.He(7)alwaystravelledfirst-classbeforeandagainhefeltthateverythinghadchanged.Therewere,differenceshehadnever(8)before.His(9)companionswerenot(10)thoseheusuallymet.SomeItalianworkmenwithhardhandsandroughvoicessatopposite(11)spadesandshovels,andlooked,outwithdull,blankexpressions.Theyhadbeenworkingto(12)money.Edgar(13),buthecouldnotimagine,howmuchitcouldbe.Hebecame(14)forthefirsttimethathewasaccustomedasamatterof(15)toanairofcomfortableease,inhislife,andthere,wassomuch,heknewnothingabout.

Edgarbegantoseemanythingsfromthatnarrowcompartmentwithitswindowstothe(16)world.He(17)outofthewindowwithneweyes.Anditseemed,tohimthat,hesaweverythinginitsproperlightforthefirsttime.Housesfledbyas(18)blownawaybythewind,andthismadehimthinkaboutthepeoplewholivedinthem.Werethey(19)orpoor,happyormiserable?Didthey(20),ashedidtoknoweverything?

【答案】1.due

2.case

3.why

4.relief

5.that

6.aboard

7.had

8.noted

9.journey

10.like

11.holding

12.earn

13.thought

14.aware

15.course

16.outside

17.looked

18.though

19.rich

20.long

【解析】1.空格前面是系動(dòng)詞was，系動(dòng)詞后面可以接名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞、動(dòng)名詞等。此句表示：他從時(shí)刻表上得知火車將在20分鐘后到達(dá)。因此填入形容詞due一詞。

2.此處填入的詞應(yīng)與in構(gòu)成搭配，因此填入case，符合句意。

3.這里應(yīng)填一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，該引導(dǎo)詞后的從句做wonder的賓語(yǔ)，因此填why比較符合句意。句意：埃德加在一個(gè)角落里坐了下來(lái)，心里很擔(dān)心，生怕人們一看見(jiàn)他就會(huì)納悶，像他這樣的孩子為什么要獨(dú)自乘火車旅行。

4.sighwithrelief是固定搭配，表示“松了一口氣”。

5.該空所在的部分結(jié)構(gòu)為：名詞thetrain+空格+謂語(yǔ)，因此空格處應(yīng)為一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，thetrain后面是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)修飾限定thetrain，故填that。句意：當(dāng)他終于聽(tīng)到火車的第一聲?shū)Q笛時(shí)，他松了一口氣，然后看到火車呼嘯而來(lái)——那輛火車將帶他去外面的世界。

6.climbaboard是固定搭配，表示“上車”，符合句意。

7.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞before跟后面的動(dòng)詞felt可知這里應(yīng)為travel一詞的過(guò)去完成時(shí)形式。

8.空格前面是hadnever，所以空格處應(yīng)填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式，句意為：有些不一樣了，而他以前從未察覺(jué)。因此noted符合句意。

9.journey表示“長(zhǎng)途旅行”，符合句意。句意：他的旅伴不再像他通常遇到的那些一樣了。

10.belike表示“像……，和……一樣”符合句意。句意：他的旅伴不再像他通常遇到的那些一樣了。

11.該處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式做Italianworkmen的后置定語(yǔ)，其賓語(yǔ)為spadesandshovels（鐵鍬），因此填holding比較合適。

12.空格處所填詞賓語(yǔ)為money，故動(dòng)詞earn比較合適。

13.這里應(yīng)為Edgarthough做插入語(yǔ)。句意：他們一直在工作掙錢。埃德加想了想，但他無(wú)法想象，會(huì)有多少錢。

14.此處表示“他意識(shí)到”，并且空格前是系動(dòng)詞became，因此用形容詞aware。

15.asamatterofcourse為固定搭配，表示“自然地”。句意：他第一次意識(shí)到，在他的生活中，他習(xí)慣了一種自然的舒適的氣氛，而他所不知道的還有很多。

16.這里表示“通向外面世界”，因此填入outside。句意：埃德加開(kāi)始從那個(gè)開(kāi)著窗戶通向外面世界的狹小隔間里看到許多東西。

17.lookoutofthewindow是固定搭配，表示“看向窗外”，句意：他用新的眼光看著窗外。

18.asthough表示“好像；仿佛”，符合句意。句意：房子好像被風(fēng)吹走了似的，呼嘯而過(guò)。

19.根據(jù)后面的happyormiserable（快樂(lè)或者痛苦）可知此處所填詞應(yīng)跟poor是反義詞，因此rich比較合適。

20.longtodosth.表示“渴望做某事”，句意：難道他們也像他一樣渴望知道一切嗎?

4.單選題

Thestudentshavelauncheda(n)（）tofightagainstcheatingonexams.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.action

B.activity

C.campaign

D.behavior

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.action行動(dòng)；行為過(guò)程B.activity（事情發(fā)生或發(fā)展的）狀況；（忙碌或積極的）行為；行動(dòng)

C.campaign（為取得某目的而組織的）活動(dòng)，運(yùn)動(dòng)D.behavior行為，舉止

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后半句句意“反對(duì)考試作弊”可知，launcheda(n)______表示的是“發(fā)起了一場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)”，且launchacampaign為固定搭配，意為“發(fā)起運(yùn)動(dòng)”，所以該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】學(xué)生們發(fā)起了一場(chǎng)反對(duì)考試作弊的運(yùn)動(dòng)。

5.單選題

Igotseverallengthyphonecallsfrom（

）employerswhowereveryinterestedinme.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prospective

B.rewarding

C.generous

D.monotonous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。prospective意為“預(yù)期的”；rewarding意為“值得的”；generous意為“慷慨的，大方的”；monotonous意為“單調(diào)乏味的”。

句意：我接到幾個(gè)來(lái)自乏味雇主的冗長(zhǎng)的電話，他們對(duì)我很感興趣。

6.單選題

Whenthestormbroke,theflockofsheepwere______inalldirections.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.straying

B.dispersing

C.separating

D.distributing

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.straying迷路，偏離B.dispersing分散，散開(kāi)

C.separating分離D.distributing分發(fā)，分配

【考查點(diǎn)】固定用法。

【解題思路】由空格后面的inalldirections可知，disperseinalldirections為固定用法，表示“紛紛四散”。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)strayin（誤入，流浪到）、D選項(xiàng)distributein（分布在）不符合句子意思；

C選項(xiàng)不與in搭配。

【句意】暴風(fēng)雨來(lái)臨時(shí)，羊群紛紛四散了。

7.單選題

Terrorisunderstandablyoneveryone’smind,butthereisyetanothergrowingdangeroverthehorizon:anIranambitiousfornukes.

Aug.16issue—whocouldhaveimaginedthatalliancemanagementwouldbeahotelectionissueinAmerica?Butitis.JohnKerry’srepeatedpledgetorestorerelationswithAmerica’sallieshasstruckachord.Thetroubleis,ifheiselectedpresident,Kerryisgoingtofindthatpromisehardtokeep—atleastwithAmerica’salliesinEurope.MostofthemwouldbedelightedtoseeKerrywin,butthatdoesn'tmeantheywillbemorecooperativeonpolicyissues.Terrorisunderstandablyoneveryone’smind,butthereisyetanothergrowingdangeroverthehorizon.EarlyintoaKerryadministration,wecouldseeafamiliarsight—atransatlanticcrisis—exceptthistimeitwouldn’tbeoverIraqbutIran.

ThethreattoAmericafromIraqiweaponsofmassdestruction,iftheyeverexisted,isinthepast.Iran,ontheotherhand,istheproblemofthefuture.Overthelasttwoyears,thankstotipsfromIranianoppositiongroupsandinvestigationsbytheInternationalAtomicEnergyAgency,ithasbecomeclearthatIranisseekingtodevelopnuclearweapons.Inthewordsoftheagency,Iranhas“apracticallycompletefrontendofanuclearfuelcycle.”whichleadsmostexpertstobelieveitistwotothreeyearsawayfromhavinganuclearbomb.

EuropeancountrieswereasworriedbythisdevelopmentasWashingtonand,sincetheUnitedStateshasnorelationswithIran,EuropesteppedinlastfallandnegotiatedadealwithIran.ItwasanexcellentagreementinwhichIranpledgedtostopdevelopingfissilematerial(thecoreingredientofanuclearbombandtokeepitsnuclearprogramtransparent.Theonlyproblemis.Iranhasrecentlyannouncedthatitisn’tgoingtoabidebythedeal.AstheIAEA’sinvestigationgotmoreserious.Tehrangotmoresecretive.OnemonthagotheagencycondemnedIranforitsfailuretocooperate.Tehranrespondedbyannouncingthatitwouldresumeworkinprohibitedareas.

That’swherethingsstandnow,withtheclocktickingfast.IfIranweretogonuclear,itwouldhavedramaticeffects.Itwouldplacenuclearmaterialsinthehandsofaradicalregimethathastiestounsavorygroups.Itwouldsignaltoothercountriesthatit’spossibletobreakthenucleartaboo.AnditwouldrevolutionizetheMiddleEast.SaudiArabiaandEgyptwouldfeelthreatenedbyIran’sbombandwouldstarttheirownsearchfornucleartechnology.(SaudiArabiaprobablycouldnotmakeabombbutitcouldcertainlybuynecessarytechnologyfromacountrylikePakistan.Infact,wedon’treallyknowallofthebuyerswhopatronizedPakistaniscientistA.Q.Khan’snuclearsupermarket.It’squitepossibleSaudiArabiaalreadyhasafewelementsofsuchaprogram.)AndthenthereisIsrael,whichhaslongseenIranasitsgreatestthreat.ItisunlikelytositpassivelywhileIrandevelopsanuclearbomb.ThepowerfulIranianpoliticianAliRafsanjanihaspubliclyspeculatedaboutanuclearexchangewithIsrael.IfIran’sprogramwentforward,atsomepointIsraelwouldalmostcertainlytrytodestroyitusingairstrikes,asitdidIraq’sreactorinOsirik.Suchanactionwould,ofcourse,createamassivepoliticalcrisisintheregion.

Inthefaceofthesestarkdangers,Europeseemsremarkablypassive.Havingburstintoactionlastfall,itdoesnotseemtoknowwhattodonowthatIranhasrebuffeditsefforts.Itisurgingnegotiationsagain,whichisfine.ButwhatwillittellIraninthesenegotiations?Whatisthethreatthatitiswillingtowield?

LastmonththeBrookingsInstitutionconductedascenariowithmostlyformerAmericanandEuropeanofficials.Init,Iranactuallyacquiresfissilematerial.Evenfacingtheimminentproductionofanuclearbomb,Europeanswereunwillingtotakeanyrobustmeasuresliketheuseofforceortoughsanctions.JamesSteinberg,aseniorClintonofficialwhoorganizedthisworkshop,saidthathewas“deeplyfrustratedbyEuropeanattitudes.”MadeleineAlbright,whoregularlyconvenesadiscussiongroupofformerforeignministers,saidthatonthistopic.“EuropeanssaytheyunderstandthethreatbutthenactasiftherealproblemisnotIranbuttheUnitedStates.”

AmericanpolicytowardIranishardlyblameless.WashingtonrefuseseventoconsiderthepossibilityofdirecttalkswithIran,letaloneactualrelations.EuropeanscouldpresentWashingtonwithaplan.TheywouldgoalongwithabiggerstickifWashingtonwouldthrowinabiggercarrot:directengagementwithTehran.ThisissomethingTehranhaslongsought,anditcouldbeofferedinreturnforrenouncingitsnuclearambitions.

Butforanyofthistohappen,Europemustbewillingtoplayanactive,assertiverole.ItmuststopviewingitselfmerelyasacriticofAmericanpolicy,butratherseeitselfasapartner,jointlyactingtoreducethedangersofnuclearproliferation.AnditshoulddothisnotasafavortoJohnKerrybutasaresponsibilitytoitsowncitizensandthoseoftheworld.

26.WhatisthefuturethreattoAmericannationalsecurityaccordingtotheauthor?

27.WhichofthefollowinginNOTincludedinthedramaticeffectsifIranweretogonuclear?

28.WhywasJamesSteinberg“deeplyfrustratedbyEuropeanattitudes”?

29.Whatisauthor’sviewpointtowardWashington’sattitudeontheissueofIran’snuclearthreat?

30.Whatistheauthor’sstandontheissue?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Iraqiweaponsofmassdestruction.

B.InvestigationsbytheInternationalAtomicAgency.

C.Iranhasanuclearbomb.

D.Iranhas“apracticallycompletefrontendofanuclearfuelcycle”.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itwouldplacenuclearmaterialinthehandsofaradicalregimethathastiestounsavorygroups.

B.Itwouldsignaltoothercountriesthatit’spossibletobreakthenucleartaboo.

C.ItwouldaffecttherelationsbetweentheU.N.andtheU.S.

D.ItwouldrevolutionizetheMiddleEast.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Terrorisunderstandablyoneveryone’smind.

B.ThedeteriorationofthetransatlanticrelationsfrustratedKerry.

C.Europeanswereunwillingtotakeanyrobustmeasures.

D.AmericanpolicytowardIranisblameless.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.AmericangovernmentshouldhavetalkswithEuropeannations.

B.WashingtonshouldhavedirectengagementwithTehran.

C.GovernmentofU.S.shouldrenounceIran’snuclearambitions.

D.WashingtonshouldbeblamedfornotconsideringthepossibilityofdirecttalkswithIran.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.DisapproveAmericans’attitude.

B.ApproveneitherAmericans’attitudenorEuropeans’efforts.

C.UnsatisfiedwithEuropeans’efforts.

D.AmericansandEuropeansshouldmakejointeffortstoreducethedangers.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】26.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“作者認(rèn)為未來(lái)威脅美國(guó)國(guó)家安全的是什么”，可定位到原文第3段第1、2句ThethreattoAmericafromIraqiweaponsofmassdestruction,iftheyeverexisted,isinthepast.Iran,ontheotherhand,istheproblemofthefuture.（伊拉克大規(guī)模殺傷性武器——如果曾經(jīng)存在的話——是美國(guó)過(guò)去的威脅。另一方面，伊朗是未來(lái)的問(wèn)題。）由此可知，作者認(rèn)為未來(lái)美國(guó)國(guó)家安全的威脅來(lái)自伊朗，A選項(xiàng)“伊拉克的大規(guī)模殺傷性武器”是過(guò)去的問(wèn)題；B選項(xiàng)“國(guó)際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)的調(diào)查”未提及，均排除；C選項(xiàng)“伊朗擁有核彈”以及D選項(xiàng)“伊朗擁有‘一個(gè)幾乎完整的核燃料循環(huán)前端’”可定位到第3段最后一句Inthewordsoftheagency,Iranhas“apracticallycompletefrontendofanuclearfuelcycle.”whichleadsmostexpertstobelieveitistwotothreeyearsawayfromhavinganuclearbomb.（機(jī)構(gòu)的調(diào)查指出，伊朗擁有“一個(gè)幾乎完整的核燃料循環(huán)前端”，這使得大多數(shù)專家認(rèn)為，兩到三年內(nèi)伊朗就會(huì)擁有核彈。）由此判斷，D選項(xiàng)“伊朗擁有‘一個(gè)幾乎完整的核燃料循環(huán)前端’”已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了，而C選項(xiàng)“伊朗擁有核彈”是未來(lái)可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的，是未來(lái)美國(guó)國(guó)家安全的威脅。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

27.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干“伊朗走向核武器的巨大影響不包括以下哪項(xiàng)”可定位到第5段第2句IfIranweretogonuclear,itwouldhavedramaticeffects.（伊朗擁有核武器，將會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。）A選項(xiàng)“它將把核材料交到一個(gè)與臭名昭著的組織有聯(lián)系的激進(jìn)政權(quán)手中”，可定位到第5段第3句Itwouldplacenuclearmaterialsinthehandsofaradicalregimethathastiestounsavorygroups.（它將把核材料交到一個(gè)與臭名昭著的組織有聯(lián)系的激進(jìn)政權(quán)手中。）兩者表述完全一致，排除；B選項(xiàng)“這將向其他國(guó)家發(fā)出信號(hào)，即打破核禁忌是可能的”，可定位到第5段第4句Itwouldsignaltoothercountriesthatit’spossibletobreakthenucleartaboo.（這將向其他國(guó)家發(fā)出信號(hào)，即打破核禁忌是可能的。）兩者表述完全一致，排除；C選項(xiàng)“它將影響聯(lián)合國(guó)和歐盟的關(guān)系”，原文并未提及；D選項(xiàng)“它將給中東帶來(lái)革命”，可定位到第5段第5句AnditwouldrevolutionizetheMiddleEast.（并且它將給中東帶來(lái)革命。）兩者表述完全一致，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

28.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“為什么JamesSteinberg對(duì)歐洲的態(tài)度深感失望”可定位到第7段第3句JamesSteinberg…saidthathewas“deeplyfrustratedbyEuropeanattitudes.”（JamesSteinberg說(shuō)“他對(duì)歐洲的態(tài)度深感失望”），前一句Europeanswereunwillingtotakeanyrobustmeasuresliketheuseofforceortoughsanctions.（歐洲國(guó)家不愿采取任何強(qiáng)硬措施，比如使用武力或嚴(yán)厲制裁。）由此判斷，JamesSteinberg失望的原因是“歐洲國(guó)家不愿采取任何強(qiáng)硬措施”，C選項(xiàng)“歐洲國(guó)家不愿采取任何強(qiáng)硬措施”與原文表述一致。A選項(xiàng)“每個(gè)人心中都有恐懼是可以理解的?！薄選項(xiàng)“大西洋兩岸關(guān)系的惡化讓Kerry感到沮喪?！薄選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)對(duì)伊朗的政策是無(wú)可指責(zé)的。”都不是歐洲的態(tài)度，并沒(méi)有回答問(wèn)題。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

29.判斷推理題。題干“作者對(duì)華盛頓在伊朗核威脅問(wèn)題上的態(tài)度有何看法”，可定位到原文倒數(shù)第2段第1、2句AmericanpolicytowardIranishardlyblameless.WashingtonrefuseseventoconsiderthepossibilityofdirecttalkswithIran,letaloneactualrelations.（美國(guó)對(duì)伊朗的政策并非無(wú)可指責(zé)。華盛頓甚至拒絕考慮與伊朗直接對(duì)話的可能性，更不用說(shuō)實(shí)際關(guān)系了。）由此可知，華盛頓（即美國(guó)政府）對(duì)伊朗核問(wèn)題的態(tài)度是拒絕直接對(duì)話，而作者認(rèn)為美國(guó)的這種政策是hardlyblameless“并非無(wú)可指責(zé)”，D選項(xiàng)“華盛頓應(yīng)該受到指責(zé)，因?yàn)樗鼪](méi)有考慮與伊朗進(jìn)行直接對(duì)話的可能性”與原文表述一致。A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)政府應(yīng)該與歐洲國(guó)家談判”與問(wèn)題無(wú)關(guān)；干擾選項(xiàng)B“華盛頓應(yīng)該直接與德黑蘭接觸”，可定位到倒數(shù)第2段第3、4句EuropeanscouldpresentWashingtonwithaplan…ifWashingtonwouldthrowinabiggercarrot:DirectengagementwithTehran.（歐洲國(guó)家可以向華盛頓提出一個(gè)計(jì)劃……如果華盛頓能拋出更大的誘惑：直接與德黑蘭聯(lián)系），這是作者為解決伊朗核問(wèn)題向歐洲國(guó)家提出的建議里的內(nèi)容，并不是作者對(duì)華盛頓態(tài)度的看法，排除；C選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)政府應(yīng)該放棄伊朗的核野心”與問(wèn)題無(wú)關(guān)，且選項(xiàng)本身邏輯不能自洽，美國(guó)政府無(wú)法放棄伊朗的核野心，只有伊朗政府自己可以，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

30.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題目問(wèn)的是“作者在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上的觀點(diǎn)”，根據(jù)本文開(kāi)頭第1句thereisyetanothergrowingdangeroverthehorizon:anIranambitiousfornukes（還有另一個(gè)日益增長(zhǎng)的危險(xiǎn)正在逼近：伊朗的核武器野心），并通觀全文可知，thisissue“這個(gè)問(wèn)題”指的是“伊朗核問(wèn)題”，根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后兩段。倒數(shù)第二段EuropeanscouldpresentWashingtonwithaplan（歐洲國(guó)家可以向華盛頓提出一個(gè)計(jì)劃），接著講華盛頓應(yīng)該怎么做；最后一段首句Butforanyofthistohappen,Europemustbewillingtoplayanactive,assertiverole（但要實(shí)現(xiàn)這一切，歐洲必須愿意扮演積極、自信的角色），接著講歐洲具體該怎么做。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為美國(guó)和歐洲應(yīng)該聯(lián)合起來(lái)，D選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)和歐洲應(yīng)共同努力來(lái)減少危險(xiǎn)”最符合作者的觀點(diǎn)。A選項(xiàng)“不同意美國(guó)的態(tài)度”、B選項(xiàng)“既不贊同美國(guó)人的態(tài)度，也不贊同歐洲人的努力”、C選項(xiàng)“不滿意歐洲的努力”都不是作者對(duì)“伊朗核問(wèn)題”的看法，而是對(duì)其他國(guó)家關(guān)于“伊朗核問(wèn)題”的態(tài)度或做法的評(píng)價(jià)。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

8.單選題

Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms（

）backbeforethedeadline.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mustbesent

B.wouldbesent

C.besent

D.weresent

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。由itisvital(necessary,important等)+that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形或should+動(dòng)詞原形，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

9.單選題

AlthoughthefeedingactivitiesofwhalesandwalrusesgivetheseaflooroftheBeringShelfadevastatedappearance,theseactivitiesseemtobeactually（

）tothearea,enhancingitsproductivity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.destructive

B.rehabilitative

C.beneficial

D.detrimental

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。destructive“破壞的；有害的”；rehabilitative“復(fù)原的”；beneficial“有益的；有利的”；detrimental“不利的”。句意：盡管鯨和海象的覓食活動(dòng)給白令海大陸架的海底帶來(lái)表面上的毀壞，但是這些活動(dòng)似乎在實(shí)際上對(duì)這個(gè)區(qū)域是有益的，提高了它的生產(chǎn)力。由enhancingitsproductivity可知C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。

10.單選題

TheDuPontCompany,the13thlargestemployerintheU.S.，routinelygivespre-employmentbloodteststoallblackswhoapplyforjobstodeterminewhomightbeacarrierofthetraitforsickle-cellanemia,eventhoughthetraitisregardedaslargelyharmless.Althoughthereareothergeneticallytransmittedblooddiseasesandmetabolicdisordersthatpredominateinracialorethnicgroups,blacksaretheonlyonestobeidentifiedwithadiseaseandexaminedforitatDuPont.InathreemonthstudyofgeneticscreeningintheAmericanworkplace,theNewYorkTimesfoundnootherinstanceofanethnicorracialgroupsingledoutinanorganizationorcompany.DuPontofficialsemphasizethatthesickletraittestsdonotrepresentdiscriminationandareonlyanefforttohelpthemavoidpotentiallyharmfulexposuretocertainchemicals.Yettheofficialscanoffernofirmevidencethatthetrait―notthedisease,butonlyasingleabnormalgene—makesblacksmorevulnerable.DuPont,whichemployswellover100,000workers,isinthevanguardofAmericancompaniesdoinggeneticscreeningandthusisatthecenterofthedebateoverthisareaofscience,debatesointense,sobroad,thatevenmedicaldirectorsfromothercompanieswhobelievethepossibilitiesofgeneticscreeningwantnopartofit.Atleast,nowtheofficialsatDuPontCompany,aleaderinthechemicalindustrywithannualgrosssalesofmorethan$10billion,feeltheyhavethemoneyandthescientiststoturnthedistrustintoachievement.Ifsomechemicalsarehighlytoxicandtheworkplaceislessthanpure,companyofficialsreason,itisonlylogicaltotrytodeterminewhysomeworkersgetsickerfasterandwhyothersseemtohavemoretoleranceforindustrialpoisons.Andsothecompanyislookingbeyondtheskillsandloyaltyofitsworkerstogeneticstructure.

Thesickle-celltraitisnotthesameassickle-cellanemia.Theanemiaisrarebutdebilitatingdisorderfoundinfewerthan50,000Americanblacks,abouttwo-tenthsofapercentoftheblackpopulation.Perhapstwomillionotherblacksarecarriersofthetrait—theyareheterozygous.Virtuallyallthecarrierscanleadveryactivelivesandshownosymptomsofthedisease.

1.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutDuPont?

2.WhatdoDuPontofficialssay?

3.Whatistrueaboutgeneticscreening?

4.Theunderlinedword"toxic"inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans（

）.

5.Whatcanwelearnaboutthecarriersofsick-celltrait?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itexaminedthebloodofsomeblacks

B.Itexaminedsomeblacksfortheirknowledgeofblood.

C.Itdiscoveredthatsomeblackshavebloodillness.

D.Itdiscoveredthebloodofsomeblackscontainingindustrialchemicals.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyaretryingtoprotectblacksformhealththreats.

B.Theycanprovethatblacksarelikelytohavehealthproblems.

C.Theyregardtheskillsofworkersasthemostimportantmatter.

D.Theyhopethatothercompaniescanfollowtheirexample.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itoftenaimsatblackemployees.

B.Itsfocusisoftenonsickle-cellanemia.

C.Somecompaniesdonotwanttodoit.

D.TheUSgovernmentstronglysupportsit.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.powerful

B.complex

C.thick

D.poisonous

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theirnumberisabout50,000.

B.Theyusuallyseemtohavenormallives.

C.Theyincludeoverhalfoftheblackpopulation

D.Theydonotseemtobeaffectedbyindustrialchemicals.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.文章第一段提到DuPont公司對(duì)來(lái)應(yīng)聘的黑人進(jìn)行血液檢測(cè)（givespre-employmentbloodteststoallblackswhoapplyforjobs），選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.文章提到DuPont公司官方發(fā)言人強(qiáng)調(diào)這種做法不是歧視，而是在幫助他們避免潛在的疾病威脅（DuPontofficialsemphasizethatthesickletraittestsdonotrepresentdiscriminationandareonlyanefforttohelpthemavoidpotentiallyharmfulexposuretocertainchemicals），選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.文章提到DuPont公司是美國(guó)做基因篩查的先鋒（DuPont,whichemployswellover100,000workers,isinthevanguardofAmericancompaniesdoinggeneticscreening），所以可以推測(cè)出一些公司并不想做這個(gè)篩查。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.題干中的toxic是“有毒的”的意思。powerful有力的；complex復(fù)雜的，thick濃的；厚的；poisonous有毒的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.文章最后一句Virtuallyallthecarrierscanleadveryactivelivesandshownosymptomsofthedisease提到實(shí)際上很多攜帶者可以很積極地生活并且不會(huì)有任何癥狀。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.單選題

Sincetheearlynineties,thetrendinmostbusinesseshasbeentowardon-demandalways-availableproductsandservicesthatsuitthecustomer's（

）ratherthanthecompany's.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.benefit

B.availability

C.suitability

D.convenience

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。benefit“好處”；availability“可用性，有效性”；suitability“合適性”；convenience“方便，便利”。句意：自上世紀(jì)90年代初以來(lái)，大多數(shù)企業(yè)的趨勢(shì)一致是按需提供隨時(shí)可用的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)，以滿足客戶的方便，而不是公司的方便。產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)對(duì)于客戶來(lái)說(shuō)是提供了便利，故D項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

Inanageofperpetualdigitalconnectedness,whydopeopleseemsodisconnected?InaDukeUniversitystudy,researchersfoundthatfrom1985to2004,thepercentageofpeoplewhosaidtherewasnoonewithwhomtheydiscussedimportantmatterstripled,to25%;thesamestudyfoundthatoverall,Americanshadone-thirdfewerfriendsandconfidantsthantheydiddecadesago.

Anotherrecentstudy,byresearchersattheUniversityofMichigan,foundthatcollegestudentstodayhavesignificantlylessempathythanstudentsofgenerationspastdid.Thereason,psychologistsspeculate,mayhavesomethingtodowithourincreasingrelianceondigitalcommunicationandotherformsofnewmedia.

It’spossiblethatinsteadoffosteringrealfriendshipsoff-line,e-mailandsocialnetworkingmaytaketheplaceofthem—andthedistanceinherentinscreen-onlyinteractionsmaybreedfeelingsofisolationoratendencytocarelessaboutotherpeople.Afterall,ifyoudon’tfeellikedealingwithafriend’sproblemonline,allyouhavetodoistologoff.

Theproblemis,asempathywanes,sodoestrust.Andwithouttrust,youcan’thaveacohesivesociety.Considerthefindingsofanewstudyco-authoredbyKevinRockmannofGeorgeMasonUniversityandGregoryNorthcraftattheUniversityofIllinoiswhospecializesinworkplacecollaboration.Northcraftsayshigh-techcommunicationslikee-mailand(toalesserextent)videoconferencing—whicharesometimesknownas“l(fā)eancommunication”becausetheyhavefewercueslikeeyecontactandpostureforpeopletorelyon—stripawaythepersonalinteractionneededtobreedtrust.Inabusinesssetting—asinallothersocialrelationshipsoutsidetheworkplace—trustisanecessaryconditionforeffectivecooperationwithinagroup.“Technologyhasmadeusmuchmoreefficientbutmuchlesseffective,”saidNorthcraftinastatement.“Somethingisbeinggained,butsomethingisbeinglost.Thesomethinggainedistime,andthesomethinglostisthequalityofrelationships.Andqualityofrelationshipsmatters.”

InRockmannandNorthcraft’sstudy,200studentsweredividedintoteamsandaskedtomanagetwocomplicatedprojects:onehavingtodowithnucleardisarmament;theother,pricefixing.Somegroupscommunicatedviae-mail,someviavideo-conferenceandothersfacetoface.Intheend,thosewhometinpersonshowedthemosttrustandmosteffectivecooperation;thoseusinge-mailweretheleastabletoworktogetherandgetthejobdone.

Northcraftthinksthisisbecausereal-lifemeetings,duringwhichparticipantscanseehowengagedtheircolleaguesare,breedmoretrust.Overe-mail,meanwhile,confirmationofhardworkgetslost,whichtendstoencouragemutualslackingoff.

17.ThestudyofinterpersonalrelationshipsbyDukeUniversityrevealsthat（）.

18.Thereasonwhypeoplefeelisolatedandbecomelessempatheticisthat（）.

19.Accordingtothepassage,the“l(fā)eancommunication”（）.

20.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.peoplebecomeshyerandtimiderthanbefore

B.peopletendtobelesscompassionatethanbefore

C.peoplemayfeelmoreisolatedthanbefore

D.peopleprefercommunicatingwithothersonline

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.itisverychallengingtofosterafriendshipinreallife

B.theyhavemoreopportunitiestogettoknownewpeople

C.digitalcommunicationisreplacingreal-lifefriendships

D.itiseasytoescapefromhelpingtheirfriendsiftheylike

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.makesusworkmoreeffectively

B.lacksnon-verbalinteraction

C.helpspeopletodeveloptrust

D.facilitatesworkplacecooperation

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Digitalcommunicationishurtingpersonalrelationship.

B.Onlinenetworkingmaytaketheplaceofofflinerelationship.

C.Newmediacontributelesstofosteringrealfriendship.

D.Real-lifemeetingscanbreedtrustamongstudents.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】17.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第二句InaDukeUniversitystudy,researchersfoundthatfrom1985to2004,thepercentageofpeoplewhosaidtherewasnoonewithwhomtheydiscussedimportantmatterstripled,to25%;thesamestudyfoundthatoverall,Americanshadone-thirdfewerfriendsandconfidantsthantheydiddecadesago.（在杜克大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，從1985年到2004年，說(shuō)找不到可以一起討論重要事情的人的比例增加了兩倍，達(dá)到25%；同樣的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，總體而言，美國(guó)人的朋友和知己比幾十年前少了三分之一。），說(shuō)明杜克大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)和以前相比，人們的朋友更少，更孤立。因此C選項(xiàng)“人們可能會(huì)感到比以前更加孤立”正確。A選項(xiàng)“人們會(huì)變得比以前更害羞、更膽小”，B選項(xiàng)“人們的同情心往往不如以前了”，D選項(xiàng)“人們更喜歡在網(wǎng)上與人交流”均不屬于杜克大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)內(nèi)容，所以A，B，D錯(cuò)誤。

18.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段Anotherrecentstudy,byresearchersattheUniversityofMichigan,foundthatcollegestudentstodayhavesignificantlylessempathythanstudentsofgenerationspastdid.Thereason,psychologistsspeculate,mayhavesomethingtodowithourincreasingrelianceondigitalcommunicationandotherformsofnewmedia.（密歇根大學(xué)的研究人員最近進(jìn)行的另一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與上一代人相比，如今的大學(xué)生明顯缺乏同情心。心理學(xué)家推測(cè)，原因可能與我們?cè)絹?lái)越依賴數(shù)字交流和其他形式的新媒體有關(guān)。），說(shuō)明人們變得缺乏同情心的原因是越來(lái)越依賴線上交流。因此C選項(xiàng)“數(shù)字交流正在取代現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的朋友關(guān)系”正確。A選項(xiàng)“在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中培養(yǎng)友誼是非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情”，B選項(xiàng)“他們有更多的機(jī)會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)新朋友”，D選項(xiàng)“如果他們想的話，可以輕松逃避幫助朋友”均不符合題意，所以A，B，D錯(cuò)誤。

19.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)eancommunication”可以定位到文章第四段第四句Northcraftsayshigh-techcommunicationslikee-mailand(toalesserextent)videoconferencing—whicharesometimesknownas“l(fā)eancommunication”becausetheyhavefewercueslikeeyecontactandpostureforpeopletorelyon—stripawaythepersonalinteractionneededtobreedtrust.（諾斯克拉夫特說(shuō)，像電子郵件和視頻會(huì)議這樣的高科技溝通方式，有時(shí)被認(rèn)為是“低效溝通”，因?yàn)樗鼈兒苌儆醒凵窠涣骱腿藗兛梢砸蕾嚨淖藙?shì)等線索，它們剝奪了培養(yǎng)信任所需的人際互動(dòng)。），說(shuō)明“