書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-唐山科技職業(yè)技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Johnsaidthathedidn’tquite（）andaskedmetorepeatwhatIhadsaid.

問題1選項

A.snatchup

B.catchon

C.summonup

D.watchout

【答案】B

【解析】本題考查固定詞組的含義,四個選項中,snatchup奪取,搶奪;catchon理解,多用于口語中；summonup振作,鼓起;watchout保持警覺,小心。句意：約翰說他不是很理解,讓我再重復一遍說過的話。因此,本題選B。

2.單選題

Generallyspeaking,thegovernmentplaysaveryimportantrole（）solvingproblemssuchasinflation,unemployment,andpoverty.

問題1選項

A.in

B.at

C.for

D.of

【答案】A

【解析】考查語法。playaroleindoingsth在…中扮演角色。故A項正確。句意：一般而言，政府在解決諸如通貨膨脹、失業(yè)和貧窮等問題上扮演重要角色。

3.單選題

Thesurgicalinstrumentshavetobe（

）beforeusetopreventinfection.

問題1選項

A.heated

B.scalded

C.sterilized

D.burned

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。heat意為“加熱，變熱”；scald意為“燙傷”；sterilize意為“消毒，滅菌”；burn意為“燃燒”。由句中后面的目的狀語topreventinfection（為了預防感染）可知Thesurgicalinstruments（手術器械）應該消毒，因此選C。

句意：手術器械使用前必須消毒，以防感染。

4.單選題

（）forthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbesothrivingasitis.

問題1選項

A.Haditnotbeen

B.Wereitnot

C.Beitnot

D.Shoulditnotbe

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣的倒裝。句意：要不是公眾及時投資，我們公司就不會像現(xiàn)在這樣繁榮。由此可知，主句和從句發(fā)生的時間不一致，主句是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，所以用would+動詞原形；從句是對過去的虛擬，投資發(fā)生在公司繁榮之前，所以應使用過去完成時，即had+過去分詞。虛擬條件句中如果含有助動詞should、had和were，可以將if省略，將助動詞提前。這里還原應該是“Ifithadnotbeenforthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic…”，將助動詞提前之后就是Haditnotbeen，所以選項A正確。

5.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandputyouranswersonAnswerSheet.

皮影戲（ShadowPlay）是中國民間廣為流傳的傀儡戲之一，兩千年前的西漢時期誕生在中國陜西，清代在河北盛極一時。皮影戲的人物道具用獸皮或紙板剪成，演員在一塊隔亮布后操縱道具進行表演。中國的不少地方戲曲劇種都是從皮影戲中派生而來。如今，中國皮影被世界各國的博物館收藏，還是中國政府與其他國家領導人相互往來時的饋贈佳品。

【答案】AsoneoftheearliestoperaformsandasortofwidespreadpuppetplayinChina,ShadowpuppetrywasborninShaanxi,China,duringtheWesternHanDynasty2,000yearsago,andflourishedinHebeiduringtheQingDynasty.Itscharactersandpropsaremadeofanimalskinsorpaperboardsandthestorywasperformedbyilluminatingtheseimageswiththehelpoflamplight.Whileperforming,theperformersmanipulatethecharactersbehindthewhitecurtain.ManylocaloperasinChinaarederivedfromshadowplay.Nowadays,Chineseshadowpuppetsarecollectedinmuseumsaroundtheworld,andareoftenpresentedasgiftsbytheChinesegovernmenttoleadersofothercountrieswhentheyinteractwitheachother.

6.寫作題

Supposeyouwilltakepartinaclassdebatenextweek,andyouaregiventhedebatequestion"Whichistoppriority,toeliminateinequalityorpovertyinourcountry?"

Writeaspeechforthedebateandclarifyyourownviewpointtowardswhateveryourpositionwillbe(justoneposition).Butbesurethatyourargumentwillbesupportedwithampleexamplesorevidence.Doremembertoprovideatitleforyourspeech.

Thelengthofyourspeechisexpectedtobebetween250and300words.WriteyourspeechontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

7.翻譯題

Theatomicnumber(原子序數(shù))isequaltothenumberofelectronsperatomor,whatisequivalent,thenumberofprotons(質子)pernucleus.

【答案】原子序數(shù)等于每個原子的電子數(shù)或者相當于每個原子核的質子數(shù)。

8.單選題

Manyofthesametechniqueswerethesolutionofindustrial,scientificandmedicalproblems.

問題1選項

A.appliedfor

B.appliedto

C.applyingfor

D.applyingto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。applyfor申請；applyto適用于，應用于；技術應該是運用于某些解決方案中，故先排除AC兩項。技術與解決方案之間是被動關系，故用被動語態(tài)，B項正確。句意：許多相同的技巧被運用到工業(yè)，科技和醫(yī)療問題的解決方案里。

9.單選題

Smokingissoharmfultopersonalhealththatitkills________peopleeachyearthanautomobileaccident.

問題1選項

A.sevenmoretimes

B.seventimesmore

C.overseventimes

D.seventimes

【答案】B

【解析】考查倍數(shù)的用法。根據(jù)關鍵詞than，我們可以知道答案選“A+倍數(shù)+形容詞或副詞的比較級+than+B”的變形。more和over一般是放在倍數(shù)后面，所以A，C選項排除。D選項不符合語法。

10.單選題

Beforesittingfortheentranceexaminationforpostgraduatestudents,manycandidatestrytofamiliarizethemselveswiththeformulaoftheexambydoing（

）tests.

問題1選項

A.simulated

B.imitated

C.stimulated

D.illustrated

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項simulated“模擬的，模仿的，仿造的”，simulatedtest“模擬試題”；B選項imitated“模仿的，仿造的（強調對某物的仿造或對某人的模仿）”；stimulate“受刺激的”；D選項illustrated“有插畫的”。根據(jù)句意在參加研究所入學考試之前，很多應試者已經(jīng)通過做很多模擬試題來使自己更熟悉考試了。A選項表示‘模擬試題’正確。

11.單選題

Lateralthinking（迂回思維），firstdescribedbyEdwarddeBonein1967,isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.YoumightimaginethatCasparwasraisedtobeanadventurousthinker,butthedeBonewassofamous,Caspar’sparent’sworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschool,histeachermightsnap,“Wheredoyougetthatideafrom?”

“Wehadtobecarefulandnotoverdoit.”Edwardadmits.NowCasparisatOxford—whichoncelookedunlikelybecauseheisalsoslightlydyslexic（誦讀困難）.Infact,whenhewasapplyingtoOxford,noneofhisschoolteachersthoughhehadachance.“Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessions,”hisfathersays,“usingmytechniquesand，whenhewentupfortheexam,hedidexactlywell.”Soonafter,EdwarddeBonedecidedtowritehislatestbook,“TeachYourChildHowtoThink,”inwhichhetransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedforbrain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrentoshare.

Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogicalsequence,andknowsthatchildrenaren'tverylogical.Soisn’titanuphillbattle,tryingtoteachthemtothink?

“Youknow,”EdwarddeBonesays,“ifyouexaminepeople’sthinking,itisquiteunusualtofinditoflogic.Butthefaultsofperceptionarehuge!Oftenwethinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitview.”

31.“TeachYourChildHowtoThink”offerslessonsinperceptionimprovement,ofclearlyseetheimplicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthealternative.

1.Whatis“TRUEaboutCaspar?

2.CasparsucceededinapplyingtoOxfordbecause（）.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thatEdward（）.

4.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsexpressEdwarddeBone’sview?

5.LateralthinkingreferstothefollowingEXCEPT（）.

問題1選項

A.Hefirstdescribedlateralthinking.

B.Heisoftenscoldedbyhisteacher.

C.HeisEdward’sson.

D.Heisanadventurousthinker.

問題2選項

A.heusedintheexamthetechniquesprovidedbyhisfather

B.hereadthebook“teachYourChildHowtoThink”beforetheexam

C.hewascarefulandoftenoverworked

D.allofhisschoolteachersthoughthehadachance

問題3選項

A.waspromptedtostudylateralthinkingbecausehissonwasslightlydyslexic

B.oncetaughtbusinessmenhowtothinkbeforehewroteforparentsandchildren

C.waslikelytoimprovechildren’slogicwithhisbook

D.gaveadescriptionoflateralthinkingseveralyearsafterhissonwasborn

問題4選項

A.Weoftenthinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.

B.Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogicalsequence.

C.Everybodyknowsthatchildrenaren’tverylogical.

D.Itisanuphillbattletryingtoteachchildrentothink.

問題5選項

A.seeingtheimplicationsofwhatyouaresaying

B.exploringthealternativesforwhatyouaresaying

C.improvingone’slogicinthinking

D.improvingone’sperceptioninthinking

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段Lateralthinking(迂回思維)，firstdescribedbyEdwarddeBonein1967,isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.YoumightimaginethatCasparwasraisedtobeanadventurousthinker,butthedeBonewassofamous,Caspar’sparent’sworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschool,histeachermightsnap,“Wheredoyougetthatideafrom?”“迂回思維”首次被愛德華與1967年提出，隨后他的兒子出生了。你可能會想象Caspar會被撫養(yǎng)成一個冒險的思考者，但是愛德華是如此出名，以至于Caspar的父母擔心每次他提出一些奇特的想法時，他的老師可能會打斷他的話，并說“你從哪里學到這個想法的？”可知Caspar是Edward的兒子，故C項正確。A項“Capsar首次提出迂回思維錯誤，該觀點是他父親提出來的。B項和D項文中未提及。

2.推理判斷題。由第二段“sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessions,”hisfathersays,“usingmytechniquesand，whenhewentupfortheexam,hedidexactlywell.”他的父親說：“然后我們進行了幾次思考的研討會，當他考試時，用上我的技巧，他考得很好?！笨芍狢aspae成功被牛津大學錄取的原因是他在考試時用了他父親教的技巧。故A項正確。

3.推理判斷題。由第二段“Soonafter,EdwarddeBonedecidedtowritehislatestbook,“TeachYourChildHowtoThink,”inwhichhetransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedforbrain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrentoshare.不久之后，愛德華?德?伯恩(EdwarddeBone)決定寫他的新書《教你的孩子如何思考》(TeachYourChildHowtoThink)。在這本書中，他把自己為頭腦風暴的商人們開發(fā)的思考技巧轉化成了供父母和孩子們分享的非正式練習?！笨芍獝鄣氯A曾經(jīng)是教商業(yè)思維的。故B項正確。

4.推理判斷題。第三段“Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogicalsequence,andknowsthatchildrenaren'tverylogical.Soisn’titanuphillbattle,tryingtoteachthemtothink?傳統(tǒng)上認為思考是按照邏輯順序進行的，并且知道孩子們不是很有邏輯。試著教他們思考，這不是一場艱苦的戰(zhàn)斗嗎?”由反問句可知教孩子們學會思考是一件很難的事情。故D項正確。

5.推理判斷題。由最后一段“TeachYourChildHowtoThink”offerslessonsinperceptionimprovement,ofclearlyseetheimplicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthealternative.“教你的孩子如何思考”提供了改善感知能力的課程，讓你清楚地看到你所說的話的含義，并探索其他選擇?？芍狝項“弄清楚你所說的話的含義”；B項“探索你所說內容的替代方案”；D項“提升一個人的感知能力”正確。C項“提高思維的邏輯性”文中沒有提到。故答案C

12.單選題

Putondarkglassesorthesunwill（

）youandyouwon’tbeabletosee.

問題1選項

A.discern

B.distort

C.distract

D.dazzle

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近義異詞解析。discern“辨別，看清楚”;distort“扭曲，曲解”；distract“轉移，分心”；dazzle“使……目眩，使……眼花”。句子的意思為：戴上太陽眼鏡，否則陽光很刺眼，會讓你看不見任何東西。選項D符合題意

13.單選題

Wehopethestudentswould（

）theinformationcontainedinthelecture.

問題1選項

A.associate

B.understand

C.assimilate

D.assess

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。associate意為“聯(lián)系”；understand意為“理解”；assimilate意為“吸收，消化”；assess意為“評定”。

句意：我們希望學生們能掌握講座中保護的信息。

14.單選題

（）theadvancesofthescience,thediscomfortsofoldagewillnodoubtalwaysbewithus.

問題1選項

A.Asfor

B.Despite

C.Except

D.Besides

【答案】B

【解析】句意:盡管科學在不斷發(fā)展，老年時期的不安感仍然未被消除。

考查介詞辨析。句子前半部分表示:科學在不斷發(fā)展，后半部分表示:老年時期的不安感仍然未被消除。因此前后部分為讓步關系，答案為B項。

15.單選題

MykidstellmethatIam“so20thcentury”,whichtroublesme.Apersonlikestofeelthatheis“withit”,asweusedtosayinthe20thcentury.

SoIhavebeenthinkinghowImightchangemyselfintoatrue21st-centuryman.Clearly,inmyadvancedstateofageIwouldbefoolishtoattemptsomewildleapintothecontemporaryfashion.Andanyway,mydistinctivetasteattractsmuchfavorablecomment.

Butifmyclothingistoocharacteristictochange,perhapsIshoulddosomethingaboutmylifestyle.SolastweekItookmyselftotheNECfortheSmartHomeShowwhichis“theexhibitiondedicatedtoallthelatesttrendsinsmarthometechnology”.Itwasashock.HowcouldIhavelivedforhalfacenturywithoutafingerprint-operatedfrontdoor?(“Neverlockyourselfoutofyourhomeagain!”)Orvacuumcleanersthatsuckduststraightintoadustbin,viaasystemofpipesinyourhousewalls?(Allyouhavetodoisrebuildyourentirehome.)Orautomaticgardensprinklerswhicharesosmartthattheyturnthemselvesoffwhenitstartstorain?Ofcourse,youcouldjustlookoutofthewindow,observethatit’srainingandturnthemoffyourself,butthatwouldbeso20thcentury.

Besides,thosewerejustthesimplerthings.Forthetruesmarthomeowner,aplasma(等離子)TVfireplaceisamust.Atfirstglanceit’sjustanelectricfirewithamantelpiece,butpressyourremoteandagiantTVscreenrisesfromthemantelpiece.“Thieveswon’tevenknowit’sthere,”aspokesmanclaimed.Justaswell.At65,280,itwouldbeapitytohaveitbroken.Buttherealrevolutionhashappenedinthebathroom.Neveragainneedyoufeelcutofffromworldeventsasyougoaboutyourwashing.ForgetthemirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens.They’reoldhat.Thebuzzinbathroomsnowisallaboutheatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.

Enough!Iwasconvinced:Iwantasmarthome.There’sonlyoneproblem:Thecostyouarelookingat￡18.000to￡25,000foranaveragehome.Hmm.Iwon’tbeenteringthe21stcenturyjustyet,then.

1.Tobe“21stcentury”,theauthordecidedto（）.

2.Theauthor’scommentonthevacuumcleanerimpliesthat（）.

3.Whatisthemostrevolutionarysmarthometechnologyaccordingtotheauthor?

4.TheSmartHomeShow（）.

5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofbuyingthesmarthomeproducts?

問題1選項

A.movetoanewhouse

B.changethewayhelived

C.improvehisdressingstyle

D.talkinthemosttrendyfashion

問題2選項

A.hebelievedthatitwasuseless

B.hewantedtopurchaseonehimself

C.hehatedtocauseinconvenience

D.hethoughtthatitwasnotworththeeffort

問題3選項

A.TheplasmaTVfireplace.

B.Theautomaticgardensprinkler.

C.MirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens.

D.Heatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.

問題4選項

A.seemedtoogoodtobetrue

B.wasatrueeye-openerfortheauthor

C.leftanegativeimpressionontheauthor

D.appealedlesstothemiddle-andold-aged

問題5選項

A.Hewasinterested,butfoundthemtooexpensive.

B.Hewasfascinated,anddeterminedtobuythem.

C.Hewasn’tattracted,andwouldn’tbuythem.

D.Hewasn’tsure,sohewouldratherwaitandsee.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“要變得‘21世紀’，作者決定……”。文章第三段第一句提到Butifmyclothingistoocharacteristictochange,perhapsIshoulddosomethingaboutmylifestyle.（但如果我的服裝太有特色而無法改變，也許我應該改變一下我的生活方式），由此可知B項“改變生活方式”符合題意。A項“搬進一個新房子”，文章最后一段提到There’sonlyoneproblem:Thecostyouarelookingat￡18.000to￡25,000foranaveragehome.（只有一個問題：一套普通住宅的成本大概在1.8萬至2.5萬英鎊之間），由此可知作者搬進一個新房子的可能性不是很大；C項“改善著裝風格”，文章作者提到服裝太有特色而無法改變，所以C項錯誤；D項“以最時髦的方式交談”文章沒有提及。故該題選B正確。

第2題:細節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“作者對真空吸塵器的評論暗示著……”。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段第五句Orvacuumcleanersthatsuckduststraightintoadustbin,viaasystemofpipesinyourhousewalls?(Allyouhavetodoisrebuildyourentirehome.)（真空吸塵器是通過墻壁上的管道系統(tǒng)將灰塵直接吸進垃圾箱嗎？你所要做的就是重建你的整個家），由此可知，要安裝這個吸塵器還要把房子重新建造一遍，作者認為這個耗時又耗力，所以D項“覺得不值得這么做”符合題意。A項“相信真空吸塵器沒有用處”，文章作者沒有說這個吸塵器沒有用處；B項“想要自己買一個”，內容與原文相反；C項“討厭制造麻煩”為干擾項，根據(jù)原文中的內容，作者不是覺得吸塵器麻煩，而是覺得為了一個吸塵器來重建房子不值得。故該題選D正確。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“作者認為最具革命性的智能家居技術是什么？”。第四段最后兩句提到Buttherealrevolutionhashappenedinthebathroom.Neveragainneedyoufeelcutofffromworldeventsasyougoaboutyourwashing.ForgetthemirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens…Thebuzzinbathroomsnowisallaboutheatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.（但真正的革命發(fā)生在浴室；當你洗衣服的時候，你再也不需要感覺與世界事件隔絕了；忘掉那些變成電視屏幕的鏡子吧；現(xiàn)在浴室里的話題都是加熱毛巾架變成電視），由此可知D項“可以變成電視的加熱毛巾架”正確；C項“可以變成電視屏幕的鏡子”錯誤；A項“等離子電視壁爐”，根據(jù)At65,280,itwouldbeapitytohaveitbroken.（65,280英鎊，如果它壞了就太可惜了）可知，作者覺得等離子電視壁爐太貴，A項不選；B項“花園自動灑水器”，第三段最后一句提到Ofcourse,youcouldjustlookoutofthewindow,observethatit’srainingandturnthemoffyourself,butthatwouldbeso20thcentury.（當然，你可以看著窗外，看到正在下雨，然后自己把灑水器關掉，但那是20世紀的事了），由此可知，B項也不正確。故該題選D正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“智能家居展……”。第三段第二句提到SolastweekItookmyselftotheNECfortheSmartHomeShowwhichis“theexhibitiondedicatedtoallthelatesttrendsinsmarthometechnology”.Itwasashock.（所以上周我?guī)ё约喝EC參加智能家居展，這是一個“致力于智能家居技術最新趨勢的展覽”，太令人震驚了），接著第四段和第五段都是智能家居展覽中的一些智能家居的應用，根據(jù)作者對例子的表述和作者的語氣可知B項“讓作者大開眼界”符合題意。A項“看起來太好以至于不真實”，作者只是提到了很貴，所以A項錯誤；C項“給作者留下了負面的印象”和D項“對中老年人吸引力較小”內容與原文相反。故該題選B正確。

第5題:觀點態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者對購買智能家居產品有什么看法？”。根據(jù)文章最后一段Enough!Iwasconvinced:Iwantasmarthome.There’sonlyoneproblem:Thecostyouarelookingat￡18.000to￡25,000foranaveragehome.（夠了！我被說服了：我想要一個智能家居；但只有一個問題：一套普通住宅的成本大概在1.8萬至2.5萬英鎊之間）可知，作者對智能家居很感興趣，但是價格太昂貴了，所以A項“他很感興趣，但覺得太貴了”正確。B項“他被迷住了，決定買下它們”和C項“他沒有興趣，也不會買”內容與原文不符；D項“他不能肯定，所以他寧愿等著瞧”，文章中作者沒有提到要等著瞧，D項錯誤。故該題選A正確。

16.單選題

TheForeignMinistryholdsweeklypressconferencesto（）reporters（）thelatestdevelopmentindiplomacy.

問題1選項

A.confer...upon

B.burden...with

C.fill...inon

D.adjust...to

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配辨析。fillsB.inon為固定搭配,意為"詳細告訴某人"。句意：外交部每周舉行新聞發(fā)布會,詳細向記者介紹外交的最新發(fā)展。選項C符合句意。

17.單選題

Owingtotheunpredictableweather,thearrangementsaresubjecttochange.

問題1選項

A.supposed

B.about

C.liable

D.bound

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。Besubjectto表示“有……傾向，受支配”；A項besupposedto“被期望，應該”，B項beaboutto“即將，剛要”，C項beliableto“有……傾向，易于”，D項beboundto“必然，一定要”。句意：由于天氣變化莫測，安排可能會有所改變。因此C項正確。

18.單選題

Itisfoundbyscientiststhatthediseasethatcausescoldcanbe

byairandbyclosecontact.

問題1選項

A.transmitted

B.infected

C.transformed

D.transferred

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。Transmit“傳輸”；infect“感染，傳染”；transform“改變，變形”；transfer“轉讓”。句意：科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，引起感冒的疾病可以通過空氣和密切接觸傳染。選項B符合題意。

19.單選題

Shewaved,buthedidn’tseeher,beingtoo______instuffingtheflowersintoalargecarrierbag.

問題1選項

A.drifted

B.concentrated

C.engrossed

D.undaunted

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.drifted漂流；緩慢行走v.B.concentrated決心要做的；集中的

C.engrossed全神貫注的D.undaunted頑強的；百折不撓的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】按照句意“她揮了揮手，但他______把花塞進一個大手提袋里，沒看見她”可知，他正在全神貫注地做另外一件事情，engrossin是固定搭配，表示“全神貫注于”，故該題選擇C項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】

A、D項不符合句意；

B項concentrated要和on搭配使用，故排除。

【句意】她揮了揮手，但他正忙著把花塞進一個大手提袋里，沒看見她。

20.單選題

______isthecenterofourplanetarysystemwasadifficultconcepttograspintheMiddleAges.

問題1選項

A.Thatthesunandnottheearth

B.Beingthesunandnottheearth

C.Itisthesunandnottheearth

D.Thesunandnottheearth

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查主語從句。句意：在中世紀，行星系的中心是太陽而不是地球，這是一個很難理解的概念。句子開頭到planetarysystem是主語從句，意思是“行星系的中心是太陽而不是地球”，其中橫線部分充當主語從句的主語。that引導的主語從句在句首時，that不能省略，A選項Thatthesunandnottheearth符合題意，其余選項用法錯誤。因此A選項正確。

21.單選題

Humanrelationshavecommandedpeople’sattentionfromearlytimes.Thewaysofpeoplehavebeenrecordedininnumerablemyths,folktales,novels,poems,plays,andpopularorphilosophicalessays.Althoughthefullsignificanceofahumanrelationshipmaynotbedirectlyevident;thecomplexityoffeelingsandactionsthatcanbeunderstoodataglanceissurprisinglygreat.Forthisreasonpsychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences.“Intuitive”knowledgemayberemarkablypenetratingandcansignificantlyhelpusunderstandhumanbehavior:whereasinthephysicalsciencessuchcommonsenseknowledgeisrelativelyprimitive.Ifweerasedallknowledgeofscientificphysicsfromourmodemworld,notonlywouldwenothavecarsandtelevisionsets,wemightevenfindthattheordinarypersonwasunabletocopewiththefundamentalmechanicalproblemofpulleysandlevers.Ontheotherhand,ifweremovedallknowledgeofscientificpsychologyfromourworld,problemsininterpersonalrelationmighteasilybecopedwithandsolvedmuchasbefore.Wewouldstill“know”howtoavoiddoingsomethingaskedofusandhowtogetsomeonetoagreewithus;wewouldstill“know”whensomeonewasangryandwhensomeonewaspleased.Onecouldevenoffersensibleexplanationsforthe“whys”ofmuchoftheself’sbehaviorandfeelings.Inotherwords,theordinarypersonhasagreatandprofoundunderstandingoftheselfandofotherpeoplewhich,thoughunformulatedoronlyvaguelyconceived,enablesonetointeractwithothersinmoreorlessadaptiveways.Kohlerinreferringtothelackofgreatdiscoveriesinpsychologyascomparedwithphysics,accountsforthisbysayingthat“people”wereacquaintedwithpracticallyallterritoriesofmentallifealongtimebeforethefoundingofscientificpsychology.

Paradoxically,withallthisnatural,intuitive,commonsensecapacitytograsphumanrelation,thescienceofhumanrelationshasbeenoneofthelasttodevelop.

Differentexplanationsofthisparadoxhavebeensuggested.Oneisthatsciencewoulddestroythevainandpleasingillusionspeoplehaveaboutthemselves,butwemightaskwhypeoplehavealwayslovedtoreadpessimistic,debunkingwritings.FromEcclesiastestoFreud,ithasalsobeenproposedthatjustbecauseweknowsomuchaboutpeopleintuitively,therehasbeenlessincentiveforstudyingthemscientifically,whyshouldonedevelopatheorycarryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?Inanycase,thefieldofhumanrelations,withitsvastliterarydocumentationbutmeagerscientifictreatmentisingreatcontrasttothefieldofphysicsinwhichtherearerelativelyfewnonscientificbooks.

1.Accordingtothepassage,ithasbeensuggestedthatthescienceofhumanrelationswasslowtodevelopbecause（

）.

2.Theauthor’statementthat“psychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences”issupportedbywhichofthefollowingclaimsinthepassage?

3.Accordingtothepassage,anunderstandingoftheselfcanbe（

）.

4.Theauthorreferstopeoplewhoareattractedto“pessimisticdebunkingwritings”inordertosupportwhichofthefollowingideas?

5.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorassumesthatcommonsenseknowledgeofhumrelationsis（

）

問題1選項

A.intuitiveknowledgeofhumanrelationsisderivedfromphilosophy

B.earlyscientistweremoreinterestedinthephysicalworld

C.scientificstudiesofhumanrelationsappeartoinvestigatebeobvious

D.thescientificmethodisdifficulttoapplytothestudyofhumanrelations

問題2選項

A.Thefullmeaningofahumanrelationshipmaynotbeobvious

B.Commonsenseunderstandingofhumanrelationscanbeincisive

C.Intuitiveknowledgeinthephysicalsciencesisrelativelyadvanced.

D.Subjectivebiasisdifficulttocontrolinpsychologicalresearch.

問題3選項

A.highlybiasedduetounconsciousfactors

B.profoundevenwhenvaguelyconceived

C.improvedbyspecializedtraining

D.irrelevantforunderstandinghumanrelations

問題4選項

A.Interestingbooksabouthumanrelationsaretypicallypessimistic.

B.Peopletendtoignorescientificexplanationsofhumanrelations.

C.Peoplerarelyholdpleasingillusionsaboutthemselves.

D.Ascientificapproachtohumanrelationswouldunderminethepleasingillusionspeopleholdofthemselves.

問題5選項

A.equallywelldevelopedamongalladultswithinagivensociety

B.considerablymoreaccurateinsomesocietiesthaninothers

C.typicallyunrelatedtoanindividual’sinteractionswithotherpeople

D.usuallysufficientlyaccuratetofacilitateinteractionswithothers

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第三段：Oneisthatsciencewoulddestroythevainandpleasingillusionspeoplehaveaboutthemselves：其中之一認為，科學會摧毀人們有關自身的自負的、樂觀的幻想；Ithasalsobeenproposedthatjustbecauseweknowsomuchaboutpeopleintuitively,therehasbeenlessincentiveforstudyingthemscientifically.還有人提出，正是因為我們對人直覺地了解得那么多，所以就缺乏動力來科學地研究它們。確定C選項‘科學研究人際關系似乎是研究明顯的表象‘正確。

2.根據(jù)第一段：“Intuitive”knowledgemayberemarkablypenetratingandcansignificantlyhelpusunderstandhumanbehavior：“直覺的”知識可以是非常透徹的并且大大有助于我們去理解人的行為。確定B選項‘常識性知識了解人際關系能了解得很深刻透徹‘正確。A選項’人際關系的全部意義可能不明顯‘，這不是心理學占據(jù)獨特地位的根本原因。C選項’在自然科學中，直覺性知識是相當先進的‘，這與原文矛盾，原文說的是直覺性知識在自然科學領域中相當原始（低級）。D選項’主觀偏見難以控制心理學研究‘文章未提及。

3.根據(jù)第一段：Inotherwords,theordinarypersonhasagreatandprofoundunderstandingoftheselfandofotherpeoplewhich,thoughunformulatedoronlyvaguelyconceived：換句話說，普通人非常了解自身和其他人，盡管這種了解沒有得到系統(tǒng)闡述，或者只是模糊地體會到。確定B選項‘即使模糊地體會到，也能更深的了解‘正確。

4.根據(jù)最后一段：Oneisthatsciencewoulddestroythevainandpleasingillusionspeoplehaveaboutthemselves：其中之一認為，科學會摧毀人們有關自身的自負的、樂觀的幻想。確定C選項‘人們很少能堅持有關自身的樂觀幻想’符合題意。

5.根據(jù)第一段：Ontheotherhand,ifweremovedallknowledgeofscientificpsychologyfromourworld,problemsininterpersonalrelationmighteasilybecopedwithandsolvedmuchasbefore.Wewouldstill“know”howtoavoiddoingsomethingaskedofusandhowtogetsomeonetoagreewithus;wewouldstill“know”whensomeonewasangryandwhensomeonewaspleased.Onecouldevenoffersensibleexplanationsforthe“whys”ofmuchoftheself’sbehaviorandfeelings.但是，如果我們從世界上去掉全部科學心理學的知識，人際關系中的許多問題還是可以和以前一樣很容易地去處理和解決。我們仍然會“知道”如何躲避別人要我們做的事情和如何使某人同意我們的意見；我們仍然會“知道”，什么時候某人生氣了、什么時候某人高興了。人們甚至能夠提出許多合乎情理的解釋，來說明自身行為和感情的許多原因。確定D選項‘一般足以正確到使人與人之間交往很順當’正確。

22.單選題

Hewasabrilliantmusicianasaboy,buthenever（

）hisearlypromise.

問題1選項

A.completed

B.performed

C.concluded

D.fulfilled

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項complete“完成，結束，使完整”；B選項perform“表演，執(zhí)行”；C選項conclude“推斷出，得出結論，（使）結束”；D選項fulfill“履行（諾言等），執(zhí)行”。根據(jù)promise（承諾）可知選D。句意：他小時候是一位才華橫溢的音樂家，但他從來沒有實現(xiàn)過早期的諾言。

23.單選題

問題1選項

A.Itcanimprovepeople'smood

B.Itmaycauseweightloss

C.itcanincreasetheinsulinsensitivity

D.Itmaycauseabnormalbloodsugar

問題2選項

A.ltcanresetthebody'smetabolicclock

B.Itcannotresetthebody'smetabolicclack

C.ltmayreducetheriskofdiabetes

D.Itmayincreaseinsulinsensitivity

問題3選項

A.Emphasizetheimportanceofrecoverysleep

B.Emphasizetheimportanceofsufficientsleep

C.Therelationshipbetweensleepandhealth

D.Theeffectsofcycleofsufficientandinsufficientsleeptohealth

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

【解析】第1題:由文中可知，充足和不充足的睡眠周期會導致體重增加、胰島素敏感性下降，血糖異常，因此D選項正確。

第2題:它不能重置身體的新陳代謝。最后一句說到“Theso-calledrecoverysleepcannotresetthebody'smetabolicclock（所謂的恢復性睡眠不能重置身體的新陳代謝時鐘）”，因此恢復性睡眠并不能重置身體的新陳代謝。B選項正確。

第3題:本篇短文說到的睡眠不足和睡眠充足和健康之間的關系，因此C選項正確。

24.單選題

Theyadmittedthattheysharedthesame（）onthematter.

問題1選項

A.Potentiality

B.sentiment

C.postscript

D.subscription

【答案】D

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。potentiality潛能，潛力；sentiment情操，情感；postscript附言，后記；subscription訂金；捐獻。sharedthesame后接選項D,表示在這件事上出相同的訂金。

25.單選題

Sometravelersbelievecarriersintentionallygroundhalf-filledflightstocutcost,onlytofilluplaterplanes.Mysteriouscancellationsjustrubpeoplethewrongway.OnepassengercomplainedthatanAmericanAirlinesgateagenttoldhimhedidn'thavethefoggiestideawhyaflighthadbeencancelleD.Waryoflostbagsandlongwaitsatcheck-inandluggagecarousel,manypassengerstrytolugasmuchcarry-onbaggageastheycan,slowingboardingandincreasingthestressonotherpassengers.StephanieMehas,apassenger,said,"Alwayspacktwoproperlysizedcarryons,"shesays,"butmanypeoplecomebangingdowntheaislewithmultiplebags,expectingtojamthemallintheoverheadbin."Thiscanbedangerous.Fallingcarry-onbagsannuallyinjurethousandsofpassengers.

Astothepresentsituation,veteranairlineobserverRobertPoolecontendsthatlegislationandindustrypromises"arestopgaps".Greaterregulationwilldonothingtospurinnovation,and,henotes,between1998and2010,airtravelinAmericawillhaveexpended40percenttoonebillionannualpassengers,overwhelmingourreadystrainedinfrastructure.Unlessthesystemisexpended,hepredictscustomerservicewillcontinueitsover-alldownwardtrend.Theultimatesolution,saysPoole,istocompletethe"unfinishedrevolution"thatbeganin1978withgovernmentderegulationofairlineroutesandfares.Poolebelievesthattheantiquated,overlybureaucraticair-traffic-controlsystemcouldbeprivatized,followingthesuccessfulmodelofNavCanada,whichuseshigh-techequipmentandmodernadministrativeprocedure.Anotherinnovationthathasshowngreatpromiseabroadissmaller,privatelyownedairportsofferingpoint-to-pointserviceusingnewfuel-efficientjets.Moreoftheseairportswillrelievethepressureonthebigairports,butputpressureonthecarrierstoimprove.

1.Thesentence"..didn'thavethefoggiestidea"inLine3means（）.

2.ToomuchhandbaggagecancausesomeproblemsEXCEPT（）.

3