書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-喀什職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Inplanningforthehealthneedsoftheseimmigrantfamilies,FrancescaWeissman,ahealthcarepractitioner,askedtwoquestions:(1)“Whatarethemosturgentneedsofthispopulation?”and(2)“Howcanthispopulationbeinducedtousethehealthservicesthatareavailable?”Insomerespects,thesecondquestionismoreimportantbecausepersuadingimmigrantfamiliestoutilizeservicesisabasicproblem.

Buildingtrustisaprimarygoal.Employingcaregiverswhocanspeaktheclients’languagewilldomuchtolowerethnicbarriersandreducesuspiciononthepartofthepotentialclients.Manytraditionalfamiliesareslowtodeveloppersonalrelationships,andthisholdstrueintheinteractionswithcaregivers.Unlessthefamiliescancommunicatewithcaregivers,theycannotbegintotrustthem.Withouttrust,theyarenotlikelytoseekorevenacceptassistance.

Communicationisatwo-waychannel.Caregivers,Francescarealized,haveanobligationtobecomeacquaintedwiththecultureofthegrowingethnicpopulations,andoftheirdiversesubgroups.Bybecominginformedandbyconveyingrespect,caregiverscanmakeinteractionswithimmigrantfamilieslessfrighteningandmoreproductive.Awarenessoftheeconomicclimateandotherconditionsintheplaceoforiginhelpscaregiversrecognizethatthesuspiciousnessofimmigrantfamiliestowardsofficials.

Afamilyapproachtohealthcareisrecommendedforimmigrantgroups.Ifthewholefamilycanbeinvolvedinthehealthcareprogram,theindividualmembersarelikelytobelessfearful.Family-orientedprogramsmaybeginwithpracticaladviceabouttheneighborhood:locationsofgrocerystores,wheretoapplyforfoodstamps,andhowtolookforwork.Anyprogramsdevelopedforimmigrantfamiliesmustbeofferedatconvenienttimesandplacesbecausetheymaynothavetheknowledgeorresourcestotravelfreelyintheirnewcommunity.

1.Thepassagebeginsbyimplyingthatimmigrantfamiliesmaynot（

）.

2.Itisdifficulttobuildtrustbetweenimmigrantclientsandcaregiversbecause（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?

4.Whichofthefollowingisimportantwhenthefamilyapproachisadopted?

5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlyfocusonintermsofservicestoimmigrantfamilies?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beawareoftheirownhealthneeds

B.bewillingtousetheavailableservices

C.beentitledtothebasichealthcareservices

D.beabletoaffordservicesotherthanthemostbasic

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.caregivershavelittleoverseasworkingexperience

B.caregiversmaynotspeaktheclients’nativelanguage

C.caregivershaveastrongsenseofculturalsuperiority

D.caregiversareaversetotheclients’ethnicbackground

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Understandingdifferentculturesisnecessaryinofferinggoodservices.

B.Lackofinformationandrespectisacommonproblemamongcaregivers.

C.Ethnicpopulationsaregainingsignificantinfluenceinthehealthcaresystem.

D.Itisunreasonabletoemphasizespecificconditionsinimmigrants’nativehomes.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Sufficientresourcesshouldbeguaranteedtoensurethesuccess.

B.Thedailylifeofthefamilyshouldbecaredforfirstandforemost.

C.Fearamongfamilymembersshouldberelievedatthebeginningstage.

D.Whatisincludedintheprogramsshouldbebothpracticalandpracticable.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Howtoestablishanimmigrant-friendlyneighborhood.

B.Howtohelpimmigrantsenjoyavailablehealthcareservices.

C.Howtomakeanassessmentoftheexistinghealthcareservices.

D.Howtoassistcaregiversinunderstandingimmigrants’familyinfluence.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thepassagebeginsbyimplyingthatimmigrantfamiliesmaynot（）.文章一開始就暗示移民家庭可能不會____。

A.beawareoftheirownhealthneedsA.了解他們自己的健康需求

B.bewillingtousetheavailableservicesB.愿意使用現(xiàn)有的服務(wù)

C.beentitledtothebasichealthcareservicesC.享有基本保健服務(wù)

D.beabletoaffordservicesotherthanthemostbasicD.能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起除最基本的服務(wù)外的其他服務(wù)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位至原文第一段“弗朗西斯卡?韋斯曼提到兩個(gè)有關(guān)移民家庭健康規(guī)劃的問題：‘他們最迫切的醫(yī)療需求是什么？和怎樣引導(dǎo)移民使用現(xiàn)有的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)？’在某些方面，第二個(gè)問題更重要，因?yàn)檎f服移民家庭使用服務(wù)是一個(gè)基本問題”。由這一段可知移民家庭不太愿意使用現(xiàn)有的醫(yī)療服務(wù)。所以B選項(xiàng)“愿意使用現(xiàn)有服務(wù)”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“了解他們自己的健康需求”，根據(jù)解題思路可知是兩個(gè)有關(guān)移民家庭健康規(guī)劃中的第一個(gè)問題，文中說的是第二個(gè)問題更加重要，該選項(xiàng)本末倒置；

C選項(xiàng)“享有基本保健服務(wù)”，文中沒有提及屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起除最基本的服務(wù)外的其他服務(wù)”，文中沒有提及屬于無中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Itisdifficulttobuildtrustbetweenimmigrantclientsandcaregiversbecause（）.移民客戶和照顧者之間很難建立信任，因?yàn)開___。

A.caregivershavelittleoverseasworkingexperienceA.護(hù)理人員海外工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)少

B.caregiversmaynotspeaktheclients’nativelanguageB.護(hù)理人員可能不會說客戶的母語

C.caregivershaveastrongsenseofculturalsuperiorityC.看護(hù)者具有強(qiáng)烈的文化優(yōu)越感

D.caregiversareaversetotheclients’ethnicbackgroundD.護(hù)理人員不喜歡客戶的種族背景

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位至原文第二段第二句“雇用會講客戶語言的護(hù)理人員將大大降低種族障礙”以及倒數(shù)第二句“除非家屬能與護(hù)理人員溝通，否則他們無法信任護(hù)理人員”，由這兩句可知B選項(xiàng)“護(hù)理人員可能不會說客戶的母語”是使移民和護(hù)理人員很難建立信任的原因，符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“護(hù)理人員海外工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)少”，文中沒有提及屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“看護(hù)者具有強(qiáng)烈的文化優(yōu)越感”，文中沒有提及屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“護(hù)理人員不喜歡客戶的種族背景”，文中沒有提及屬于無中生有。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?下面哪一項(xiàng)可以從第三段推斷出來？

A.Understandingdifferentculturesisnecessaryinofferinggoodservices.A.了解不同的文化是提供優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)的必要條件。

B.Lackofinformationandrespectisacommonproblemamongcaregivers.B.缺乏信息和尊重是照顧者中普遍存在的問題。

C.Ethnicpopulationsaregainingsignificantinfluenceinthehealthcaresystem.C.少數(shù)民族人口在醫(yī)療體系中的影響力越來越大。

D.Itisunreasonabletoemphasizespecificconditionsinimmigrants’nativehomes.D.強(qiáng)調(diào)移民家鄉(xiāng)的具體情況是不合理的。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞Paragraph3與題干信息可定位至原文第三段，該處講到開展移民醫(yī)療服務(wù)工作第二個(gè)方法，由第二句提到“弗朗西斯卡認(rèn)識到，護(hù)理人員有義務(wù)熟悉不斷增長的種族人口及其多樣化的子群體的文化?！保纱司淇芍狝選項(xiàng)“理解不同的文化對于提供好的業(yè)務(wù)是必要的”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“缺乏信息和尊重是照顧者中普遍存在的問題。”，文中沒有提及屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“少數(shù)民族人口在醫(yī)療體系中的影響力越來越大?！?，屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)移民家鄉(xiāng)的具體情況是不合理的?！?，屬于無中生有。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whichofthefollowingisimportantwhenthefamilyapproachisadopted?當(dāng)采用家庭方法時(shí)，下列哪項(xiàng)是重要的？

A.Sufficientresourcesshouldbeguaranteedtoensurethesuccess.A.應(yīng)該保證有足夠的資源來確保成功。

B.Thedailylifeofthefamilyshouldbecaredforfirstandforemost.B.家庭的日常生活應(yīng)該首先被關(guān)心。

C.Fearamongfamilymembersshouldberelievedatthebeginningstage.C.家庭成員的恐懼應(yīng)該在開始階段得到緩解。

D.Whatisincludedintheprogramsshouldbebothpracticalandpracticable.D.計(jì)劃所包括的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是切實(shí)可行的。

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位至原文最后一段“移民家庭保健方案”，由第四段第三句“以家庭為導(dǎo)向的項(xiàng)目可能會從有關(guān)社區(qū)生活的實(shí)用建議開始……”以及第四句“任何為移民家庭開發(fā)的項(xiàng)目必須在方便的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)提供”，由這兩句可知采取家庭保健項(xiàng)目要根據(jù)實(shí)際家庭的周邊情況執(zhí)行，所以執(zhí)行措施要因時(shí)因地制宜，要求有一定的可行性。因此D選項(xiàng)“計(jì)劃所包括的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是切實(shí)可行的?！闭_。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該保證有足夠的資源來確保成功。”，屬于無中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“家庭的日常生活應(yīng)該首先被關(guān)心?！保瑢儆跓o中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“家庭成員的恐懼應(yīng)該在開始階段得到緩解。”，文中并未提及屬于無中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatdoesthepassagemainlyfocusonintermsofservicestoimmigrantfamilies?在為移民家庭提供的服務(wù)方面，文章主要側(cè)重于什么？

A.Howtoestablishanimmigrant-friendlyneighborhood.A.如何建立一個(gè)移民友好的社區(qū)。

B.Howtohelpimmigrantsenjoyavailablehealthcareservices.B.如何幫助移民享受現(xiàn)有的醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)。

C.Howtomakeanassessmentoftheexistinghealthcareservices.C.如何評估現(xiàn)有的衛(wèi)生保健服務(wù)。

D.Howtoassistcaregiversinunderstandingimmigrants’familyinfluence.D.如何協(xié)助護(hù)理者了解移民的家庭影響。

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】綜合全文，文章第一段提出了如何引導(dǎo)移民家庭成員參與社區(qū)醫(yī)療服務(wù)計(jì)劃的問題。接下來的三段分別從三個(gè)方面回答了解決這一問題的方法，所以主要是側(cè)重文章開頭提出的第二個(gè)問題“怎樣引導(dǎo)移民使用現(xiàn)有的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)”。所以B選項(xiàng)“如何幫助移民享受現(xiàn)有的醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)?！闭_。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“如何建立一個(gè)移民友好的社區(qū)?！?，文中并未提及屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“如何評估現(xiàn)有的衛(wèi)生保健服務(wù)?！?，文中并未提及屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“如何協(xié)助護(hù)理者了解移民的家庭影響?！?，只是片面地闡述了解決的方法，屬于以偏概全。

2.單選題

IntheITindustry,somethinkofBillGatesasamonsterwhileothers______himasalivinggod.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extricate

B.disparage

C.emulate

D.revere

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)extricate“使解脫，解救”，B項(xiàng)disparage“貶低，抨擊，詆毀”，C項(xiàng)emulate“仿真，模仿，盡力趕上”，D項(xiàng)revere“敬畏，尊敬，崇敬”。由while“然而”和asamonster“一個(gè)怪物”以及asalivinggod“活著的神”可知，前后語義是相反的，那么空格處填入“尊敬”符合句意。句意：在IT行業(yè)，一些人認(rèn)為比爾?蓋茨是一個(gè)怪物，而另一些人則把他尊為活著的神。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

3.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

WouldyoustopbuyingApple’sproductsifitdecidedtohelptheFBIopenaterroristsiPhone?Ithoughtnot.

WhichistosaythatAppleCEOTimCook,inhisrefusaltohelptheFBIbreakintoiphones,isaheadofmostofthepopulation.Butmaybenotallthatfarahead.Hisverypublicstancemighteventurnouttobethesmartestthinghe’sdoneforApplesincebecomingCEO.

Weallgiveourprivacyawayeveryday,constantly,toapanoplyofentities.IactuallysnortedalaughwhenFacebookandGoogleproclaimedtheirsupportforCook’sposition.FacebookandGooglehordemoredataaboutusthananyothercommercialentitiesandmakebillionsofdollarsonit.Remember,theirproductsarefree;theircorebusinessissellingthedetailsofourlivestoadvertisers.

Atthemoment,whenmostconsumerssaythey’reconcernedaboutprivacy,they’rekiddingthemselves.ArecentsurveybyTRUSTeandtheNationalCyberSecurityAlliancefoundthat92percentofrespondentswhousetheInternetsaidtheyworryaboutonlineprivacy,yet89percentdonotavoidbusinessestheyfeelarenotrespectingtheirprivacy.

Inotherwords,ouranxietiesaboutthisstuffarecompletelydisconnectedfromouractions.

Andencroachmentsonourprivacyareonlygoingtogetworse.WearableslikeFitbits,smarthomedeviceslikeNest,connectedcarsandInternetofThingssensorsareallcreatingevermoredataaboutevermoredetailedandintimateaspectsofourlives.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecanstitchtogetherdifferentkindsofdatatopaintaridiculouslyaccuratepictureofanindividual.

Inmanyways,wewelcomethis—thebettertechnologyknowsus,thebetteritcanserveus.Butatwhatpointdoestheexploitationofourdetailsturnfromconvenienceintoinvasion?Anddon’twewantcontrolofthatknobtounderstandanddecidewhatwe’reagreeingtoshare?

Cookismakingusthinkaboutallthatnow.Domostpeoplecaremuchaboutthisonecase,thisonephone?Notlikely.Butthisfightismakingusrealizethatweneedtomakesomedecisions,individuallyandasasociety,aboutdigitalprivacybeforeitgetsawayfromus.AcynicmightsayApplecanaffordtotakethisstandbecauseitdoesn’trelyonsellingadvertisingasabusinessmodel.Buteverycompanyshouldtakethepublic’sinterestinApple’sdecisiontoheart.Privacyisrisingtoanewlevelofawareness.

Apple,sooftenontheforefront,seemstoknowthis.TheFBIsaidCook’sstandisamarketingploy.InCook’slettertocustomers,hesnorted,“Absolutelynot.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.”Headded,“Thisisandalwayshasbeenaboutourcustomers.Wefeelstronglythatifweweretodowhatthegovernmenthasaskedofus-tocreateabackdoortoourproducts—notonlyisitunlawfulbutitputsthevastmajorityofgoodandlaw—abidingcitizens,whorelyoniphonetoprotecttheirmostpersonalandimportantdata,atrisk.”

So,really,Cooks’positionmaynotbeaploy.Itcouldturnouttobebrilliantmarketing.

1.WhydidtheauthorsnortalaughwhenFacebookandGoogleproclaimedtheirsupportforCook’sposition?

2.Whatdoestheword“encroachment”inparagraph6mean?

3.ThefollowingdevicesarecreatingmoredataaboutourlivesinamoredetailedandintimatewayEXCEPT（）.

4.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?

5.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Becausetheydidn’tagreewithCookfromthebottomoftheirhearts.

B.Becausetheypossessedmoreinformationaboutusthananyothercommercialentities.

C.BecausetheymadebillionsofdollarsbysupportingApple.

D.Becausetheydidn’tcareabouttheirclientsprivacyatall.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.protection

B.violation

C.promotion

D.exploitation

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Truste

B.InternetofThingssensors

C.WearableslikeFitbits

D.SmarthomedeviceslikeNest

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Cook’srefusalisregardedasameretacticbythegeneralpublic.

B.Allcompaniesthatprovidefreeproductsaresellingdetailsofourlivestoadvertisers.

C.Mostpeoplesaytheyareconcernedabouttheirprivacybutactuallytheyfailtopaymuchattentiontoit.

D.EverycompanyshouldlearnfromApples’businessmodels.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Awarenessofprivacyprotectionshouldbepromoted

B.WhetherCook’srefusalisjustaploy

C.ThebattlebetweenFBIandApple

D.HowTimCookaimstoprofitfromprotectingprivacy

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。由上文可知，庫克拒絕泄露用戶隱私，那么為什么當(dāng)Facebook和谷歌宣布支持庫克的立場時(shí)，作者嗤之以鼻呢？答案在第三段第三句FacebookandGooglehordemoredataaboutusthananyothercommercialentitiesandmakebillionsofdollarsonit（Facebook和谷歌比任何其他商業(yè)實(shí)體擁有更多關(guān)于我們的數(shù)據(jù)，并從中賺取了數(shù)十億美元），由此句可知，F(xiàn)acebook和谷歌通過用戶隱私盈利，可見他們并沒有那么尊重用戶隱私，因此D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄兏静魂P(guān)心客戶的隱私”正確。

第2題:語義推測題。根據(jù)下文可知，可穿戴設(shè)備、智能家居物聯(lián)網(wǎng)傳感器正在創(chuàng)造更多關(guān)于我們生活的更詳細(xì)、更親密的方面的數(shù)據(jù)。人工智能軟件可以將不同種類的數(shù)據(jù)拼接在一起，繪制出一個(gè)極為精確的個(gè)體形象，由此可以推測出，我們的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)一步被泄露了，因此B選項(xiàng)“侵害”正確。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為“以下設(shè)備除了之外，正在以更詳細(xì)、更親密的方式創(chuàng)造更多關(guān)于我們生活的數(shù)據(jù)”，本題可采用排除法。根據(jù)第六段第二句中的WearableslikeFitbits,smarthomedeviceslikeNest,connectedcarsandInternetofThingssensorsareallcreatingevermoredataaboutevermoredetailedandintimateaspectsofourlives（Fitbit等可穿戴設(shè)備、Nest等智能家居設(shè)備、聯(lián)網(wǎng)汽車和物聯(lián)網(wǎng)傳感器都在創(chuàng)造越來越多的數(shù)據(jù)，這些數(shù)據(jù)涉及我們生活中更詳細(xì)、更親密的方面）可排除B、C、D選項(xiàng)，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)第四段第二句中的92percentofrespondentswhousetheInternetsaidtheyworryaboutonlineprivacy,yet89percentdonotavoidbusinessestheyfeelarenotrespectingtheirprivacy（92%的上網(wǎng)受訪者說他們擔(dān)心網(wǎng)上隱私，但89%的人不會回避他們認(rèn)為不尊重自己隱私的業(yè)務(wù)）和第五段ouranxietiesaboutthisstuffarecompletelydisconnectedfromouractions（我們對這些事情的焦慮與我們的行為完全無關(guān)）可推斷出，雖然人們嘴上說著很注重隱私，但是他們的實(shí)際行動卻不是這樣的，因此C選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)人說他們關(guān)心隱私，但實(shí)際上他們并沒有足夠重視這一點(diǎn)”符合題意。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章由庫克拒絕向FBI泄露隱私為開頭，講述了不同公司和個(gè)人對數(shù)據(jù)隱私保護(hù)的態(tài)度和具體做法，因此A選項(xiàng)“提高隱私保護(hù)意識”符合題意。B、C選項(xiàng)過于片面，D選項(xiàng)不符合文意，均可排除。

4.單選題

Itwouldbe（）toarriveataconclusionnow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.premier

B.premature

C.preliminary

D.prior

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)premier“首要的；第一的”；B選項(xiàng)premature“早產(chǎn)的；不成熟的”；C選項(xiàng)preliminary“初步的；預(yù)備的”；D選項(xiàng)prior“先前的；優(yōu)先的”。句意：現(xiàn)在就下結(jié)論會……。在任何時(shí)候都可以做出一個(gè)決定，如果這項(xiàng)決定沒有深思熟慮過，那么實(shí)施起來就會遇到問題，所以不能夠過早的下定結(jié)論。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

I’mpleasedtohearofyourjoboffer——allthathardworkatschoolhasobviously（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.paidoff

B.takenitstoll

C.madeadifference

D.shownup

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨析題。payoff付清，取得成功；takeitstoll造成損失，造成傷亡；makeadifference有影響，有關(guān)系；showup出現(xiàn)，揭露。

句意：我很高興的聽說你找到了工作，在學(xué)校里一切的努力顯然都得到了回報(bào)。只有選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

6.翻譯題

Strangeisoursituationhereuponearth.Eachofuscomesforashortvisit,notknowingwhyyetsometimesseemingtodivineapurpose.

Fromthestandpointofdailylife,however,thereisonethingwedoknow:thatmanishereforthesakeofothermen—aboveallforthoseuponwhosesmileandwell-beingourownhappinessdepends,andalsoforthecountlessunknownsoulswithwhosefateweareconnectedbyabondofsympathy.ManytimesadayIrealizehowmuchmyownouterandinnerlifeisbuiltuponthelaborsofmyfellowmen,bothlivinganddead,andhowearnestlyImustexertmyselfinordertogiveinreturnasmuchasIhavereceived.MypeaceofmindisoftentroubledbythedepressingsensethatIhaveborrowedtooheavilyfromtheworkofothermen.

Toponderinterminablyoverthereasonforone’sownexistenceorthemeaningoflifeingeneralseemstome,fromanobjectivepointofview,tobesheerfolly.Andyeteveryoneholdscertainidealsbywhichheguideshisaspirationandhisjudgment.Theidealswhichhavealwaysshonebeforemeandfilledmewiththejoyoflivingaregoodness,beauty,andtruth.Tomakeagoalofcomfortandhappinesshasneverappealedtome;asystemofethicsbuiltonthisbasiswouldbesufficientonlyforaherdofcattle.

【答案】我們在這個(gè)世界上的處境很奇怪。每個(gè)人短暫來訪，不知原因。不過有時(shí)候似乎也會察覺到某種目的。

然而，從日常生活的角度來看，有一樣是確定的：人總是為了他人而活著。為了那些重要的人，他們的笑容和幸福是我們快樂的來源。也是為了數(shù)不清的陌生人，憐憫之心將我們與他們連系在一起。每天我都會多次意識到，我自己的物質(zhì)生活和精神生活，在多大程度上是建立在同胞的勞動之上的，他們或活著，或者已經(jīng)逝去。意識到我必須多么努力地去付出，以回報(bào)我所得到的一切?？偢杏X我從他人的勞動成果中獲取太多，為此我經(jīng)常惴惴不安。

總體上，在我看來，沒完沒了地思考自己存在的理由和生命的意義是非常愚蠢的行為。然而，每個(gè)人都有自己的理想來指引自己的抱負(fù)和是非判斷。始終在我面前閃耀著，讓我深感活著的喜悅的理想是善、美和真理。以舒適和幸福為目的的理想從來不能吸引我。建立在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)之上的倫理體系只能適用于一群牲畜。

7.單選題

Undercertaincircumstances,thehumanbodymustcopewithgasesatgreater-than-nonnalatmosphericpressure.Forexample,gaspressuresincreaserapidlyduringadivemadewithscubagearbecausethebreathingequipmentallowsdiverstostayunderwaterlongeranddivedeeper.Thepressureexertedonthehumanbodyincreasesby1atmosphereforevery10metersofdepthinseawater,sothatat30metersinseawateradiverisexposedtoapressureofabout4atmospheres.Thepressureofthegasesbeingbreathedmustequaltheexternalpressureappliedtothebody;otherwisebreathingisverydifficult.Thereforeallofthegasesintheairbreathedbyascubadiverat40metersarepresentatfivetimestheirusualpressure.Nitrogen,whichcomposes80percentoftheairwebreathe,usuallycausesabalmyfeelingofwell-beingatthispressure.Atadepthof5atmospheres,nitrogencausessymptomsresemblingalcoholintoxication,knownasnitrogennarcosis.Nitrogennarcosisapparentlyresultsfromadirecteffectonthebrainofthelargeamountsofnitrogendissolvedintheblood.Deepdivesarelessdangerousifheliumissubstitutedfornitrogen,becauseunderthesepressuresheliumdoesnotexertasimilarnarcoticeffect.

Asascubadiverdescends,thepressureofnitrogeninthelungsincreases.Nitrogenthendiffusesfromthelungstotheblood,andfromthebloodtobodytissues.Thereverseoccurswhenthediversurfaces;thenitrogenpressureinthelungsfallsandthenitrogendiffusesfromthetissuesintotheblood,andfromthebloodintothelungs.Ifthereturntothesurfaceistoorapid,nitrogeninthetissuesandbloodcannotdiffuseoutrapidlyenoughandnitrogenbubblesareformed.Theycancauseseverepains,particularlyaroundthejoints.

Anothercomplicationmayresultifthebreathisheldduringascent.Duringascentfromadepthof10meters,thevolumeofairinthelungswilldoublebecausetheairpressureatthesurfaceisonlyhalfofwhatitwasat10meters.Thischangeinvolumemaycausethelungstodistendandevenrupture.Thisconditioniscalledairembolism.Toavoidthisevent,adivermustascendslowly,neveratarateexceedingtheriseoftheexhaledairbubbles,andmustexhaleduringascent.

1.Thewords“exposedto”inline5areclosestinmeaningto（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwhichofthefollowingpresentsthegreatestdangertoadiver?

3.Whatshouldadiverdowhenascending?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.leavingbehind

B.propelledby

C.preparedfor

D.subjectedto

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Pressurizedhelium.

B.Nitrogenbubbles.

C.Nitrogendiffusion.

D.Anairembolism.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Riseslowly.

B.Relaxcompletely.

C.Breathefaster.

D.Breathehelium

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

【解析】1.詞義題A項(xiàng)“留下”；B項(xiàng)被······推動；C項(xiàng)“為······做準(zhǔn)備”；D項(xiàng)“遭受，承受”。定位到第一段中的“Thepressureexertedonthehumanbodyincreasesby1atmosphereforevery10metersofdepthinseawater,sothatat30metersinseawateradiverisexposedtoapressureofabout4atmospheres.人體在海水中所受的壓力每增加10米，就增加1個(gè)大氣壓，因此潛水員在30米的海水中所受的壓力約為4個(gè)大氣壓。由exertedon施加可推斷exposedto為“遭受、暴露于······的環(huán)境中”的意思。

2.判斷推理題。A項(xiàng)“加壓氦氣”；B項(xiàng)“氮擴(kuò)散”；C項(xiàng)“氮?dú)馀荨保籇項(xiàng)“空氣栓塞”。定位最后一段中“Thischangeinvolumemaycausethelungstodistendandevenrupture.Thisconditioniscalledairembolism.這個(gè)體積的變化可能導(dǎo)致肺部擴(kuò)張，甚至破裂。這種情況稱為空氣栓塞。”可知D項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段中“Toavoidthisevent,adivermustascendslowly,neveratarateexceedingtheriseoftheexhaledairbubbles,andmustexhaleduringascent.為了避免這種情況，潛水者必須緩慢上升，速度不能超過呼出的氣泡的上升速度，并且在上升過程中必須呼氣?！笨芍狝項(xiàng)正確。

8.翻譯題

僅僅傳授專業(yè)知識是不夠的。通過專業(yè)教育可以使人成為一種有用的機(jī)器，卻不能成為一個(gè)全面發(fā)展的人。讓學(xué)生對價(jià)值理念有所理解并產(chǎn)生熱情，是不可或缺的。否則，他——連同他的專業(yè)知識——就更像一條受過良好訓(xùn)練的狗，而非一個(gè)和諧發(fā)展的人。他必須通過學(xué)習(xí)了解人們的動機(jī)、幻想和苦難，以便正確處理同他人和社會的關(guān)系。

【答案】【參考譯文】Onlytoimpartprofessionalknowledgeisnotenough.Professionaleducationcanmakehumanbeingbecomeakindofusefulmachine,butcan’tmakehimapersonofcomprehensivedevelopment.Itisabsolutelynecessaryforlettingstudentshavesomeunderstandingoftheconceptofvalueandgenerateenthusiasm.Otherwise,he,togetherwithhisspecializedknowledge,willmoreresembleawell-traineddogratherthanapersonofharmoniousdevelopment.Hemustlearntounderstandpeople’smotivation,fantasyandmiserysoastocorrectlyhandlingtherelationshipwithotherpeopleandthesociety.

9.單選題

Thepolicehaddifficultyin_____thefansfromrushingontothestagetotakephotoswiththesinger.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.limiting

B.restraining

C.confining

D.restricting

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。limit限制，限定；restrain抑制，控制，制止；confine限制，禁閉；restrict限制，約束，限定。Restrict一般指限制某物的大小、數(shù)量等；limit一般指空間、時(shí)間或數(shù)量的極限；confine側(cè)重于不可逾越的限制，比如束縛、囚禁。restrain指阻止,抑制,通常與from搭配,指阻止某人做某事。句意：警察很難阻止歌迷們沖上臺與歌手合影。所以選項(xiàng)B更符合本句語境。

10.單選題

Onenteringtheroom,he（

）hiseyesrounditbutsawnothingstrange.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.jerked

B.flung

C.tossed

D.cast

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)jerk“猛拉”；B選項(xiàng)fling“擲，拋”；C選項(xiàng)toss“拋，投”；D選項(xiàng)cast“投擲”。選項(xiàng)B，C，D都要投擲的意思，但只有選項(xiàng)D能與后面的round搭配使用，castround意為“尋找”，句意：一進(jìn)房間，他就環(huán)視四周（尋找），但沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)什么奇怪的東西。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

11.單選題

ThisobservationflummoxedTerkel,aself-styledJewishfree-thinkerwhosaysheknowsnothingaboutGodbuteverythingabouthumannature.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspired

B.surprised

C.bewildered

D.provoked

【答案】C

【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inspired“品質(zhì)優(yōu)秀的，能力卓越的，借助于靈感創(chuàng)作的”；B選項(xiàng)surprised“感到驚訝的，出人意料的”；C選項(xiàng)bewildered“困惑的”；D選項(xiàng)provoked“被激怒的，受到挑釁的”。句意：這一發(fā)現(xiàn)讓特克爾感到困惑，他自稱是猶太自由思想家，聲稱自己對上帝一無所知，只知道有關(guān)人類本性的一切。Flummoxed“困惑的”，C選項(xiàng)與該詞詞義最相近，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.問答題

ThiscompetitionisgoodfortheoveralldevelopmentofChina’slong-monopolizingbanking

A

industryandisexpectedtointensifybytheendoftheyearorearlynextyearasmoreprivate

B

C

D

banksareestablished.

【答案】試題答案：A;monopolized

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。bankingindustry與monopolize的關(guān)系是被動的，故用其過去分詞做定語修飾。

13.單選題

Investigatorsofmonkeys'socialbehaviorhavealwaysbeenstruckbymonkeys'aggressivepotentialandtheconsequentneedforsocialcontroloftheiraggressivebehavior.Studiesdirectedatdescribingaggressivebehaviorandthesituationsthatelicitit,aswellasthesocialmechanismsthatcontrolit,werethereforeamongthefirstinvestigationsofmonkeys’socialbehavior.

Investigatorsinitiallybelievedthatmonkeyswouldcompeteforanyresourceintheenvironment:hungrymonkeyswouldfightoverfood,thirstymonkeyswouldfightoverwater,andingeneral,anytimemorethanonemonkeyinagroupsoughtthesameincentivesimultaneously,adisputewouldresultandwouldberesolvedthroughsomeformofaggression.However,themotivatingforceofcompetitionforincentivesbegantobedoubtedwhenexperimentslikeSouthwick’sonthereductionofspaceorthewithholdingoffoodfailedtoproducemorethantemporaryincreasesinintra-groupaggression.Indeed,fooddeprivationnotonlyfailedtoincreaseaggressionbutinsomecasesactuallyresultedindecreasedfrequenciesofaggression.

Studiesofanimalsinthewildunderconditionsofextremefooddeprivationlikewiserevealedthatstarvingmonkeysdevotedalmostallavailableenergytoforaging,withlittleenergyremainingforaggressiveinteraction.

Furthermore,accumulatingevidencefromlaterstudiesofavarietyofprimategroups,forexample,thestudyconductedbyBernstein,indicatesthatoneofthemostpotentstimuliforelicitingaggressionistheintroductionofanintruderintoanorganizedgroup.Suchintroductionsresultinfarmoreseriousaggressionthanthatproducedinanyothertypesofexperimentscontrivedtoproducecompetition.

Thesestudiesofintruderssuggestthatadultmembersofthesamespeciesintroducedtooneanotherforthefirsttimeshowconsiderablehostilitybecause,intheabsenceofasocialorder,onemustbeestablishedtocontrolinter-animalrelationships.Whenasinglenewanimalisintroducedintoanexistingsocialorganization,thenewcomermeetsevenmoreseriousaggression,whereasinthefirstcaseaggressionestablishesasocialorderinthesecondcaseresidentanimalsmobtheintruder,therebyinitiallyexcludingthenewanimalfromtheexistingsocialunit.Thesimultaneousintroductionofseveralanimalslessenstheeffect,ifonlybecausethegroupdividesitsattentionamongthemultipletargets.If,however,theseveralanimalsintroducedtoagroupconstitutetheirownsocialunit,eachgroupmayfighttheopposinggroupasaunit;but,again,noindividualissubjectedtomassattack,andtheverycohesionofthegroupsprecludesprolongedindividualcombat.Thesubmissionofthedefeatedgroup,ratherthanunleashinguncheckedaggressiononthepartofthevictoriousgroup,reducesboththeintensityandfrequencyoffurtherattack.Monkeygroupsthereforeseemtobeorganizedprimarilytomaintaintheirestablishedsocialorderratherthantoengageinhostilitiesperse.

1.Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthefindingsreportedinthepassageabouttheeffectsoffooddeprivationonmonkeys’behavior?

3.Accordingtotheauthor,studiessuchasSouthwick’shadwhichofthefollowingeffectsoninvestigatorstheoriesaboutmonkeys'socialbehavior?

4.Thepassagesuggeststhatinvestigatorsofmonkeys'socialbehaviorhavebeenespeciallyinterestedinaggressivebehavioramongmonkeysbecause（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheestablishmentandpreservationofsocialorderamongagroupofmonkeysisessentialinorderto（

）.

6.Thepassagesuppliesinformationtoanswerwhichofthefollowingquestions?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.advancinganewmethodologyforchangingamonkey’ssocialbehavior

B.comparingthemethodsofseveralresearchstudiesonaggressionamongmonkeys

C.explainingthereasonsforresearchers'interestinmonkeys'socialbehavior

D.discussingthedevelopmentofinvestigators’theoriesaboutaggressionamongmonkeys

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Fooddeprivationhasnoeffectonaggressionamongmonkeys.

B.Fooddeprivationincreasesaggressionamongmonkeysbecauseoneofthemostpotentstimuliforelicitingaggressionisthecompetitionforincentives.

C.Fooddeprivationmayincreaselong-timeaggressionamongmonkeysinalaboratorysetting,butitproducesonlytemporaryincreasesamongmonkeysinthewild.

D.Fooddeprivationmaytemporarilyincreaseaggressionamongmonkeys,butitalsoleadstoadecreaseinconflict.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theycastdoubtoninvestigators'theoriesthatcouldaccountforobservedpatternsofaggressionamongmonkeys.

B.Theysuggestedthatexistingtheoriesabouttheroleofaggressionamongmonkeysdidnotfullyaccountforthemonkeys'abilitytomaintainanestablishedsocialorder.

C.Theyconfirmedinvestigators*theoriesaboutmonkeys’aggressiveresponsetocompetitionforfoodandwater

D.Theyconfirmedinvest