書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東英才學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Trynottosayanythinghurtfultoher.Sheisavery（

）person.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensible

B.sensitive

C.tough

D.reasonable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)sensible“明智的，合乎情理的”；B選項(xiàng)sensitive“敏感的，易受影響的”；C選項(xiàng)tough“堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的，強(qiáng)壯的”；D選項(xiàng)reasonable“合理的”。句意：不要說(shuō)任何傷害她的話。她是非常（）的人。根據(jù)前面一句，不要說(shuō)任何傷害她的話，所以可以推測(cè)“她”可能會(huì)比較敏感，所以答案選B。

2.單選題

26-30

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Vegetativepatientsaremoreaware.

B.Vegetativepatientsretainsomecontroloftheireyemovement.

C.EEGscansmayhelpuscommunicatewiththevegetativepatients.

D.Weusuallycommunicatewiththebrain-deadpeoplebybrain-wave.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theleft-handsideofthebrain.

B.Theright-handsideofthebrain.

C.Thecentralpartofthebrain.

D.Thefrontpartofthebrain.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.31

B.6

C.4

D.1

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thepatientwasbrain-dead.

B.Thepatientwasn’tbrain-dead.

C.Thepatienthadsomecontroloverhiseyemovements.

D.Thepatientknewthemovementheorshewasmaking.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thepatientisnotechnicallyvegetative.

B.Thepatientcancommunicateinsomeway.

C.Wecantrainthepatientofspeak.

D.Thefamilymembersanddoctorscanprovidebettercare.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】(26)Brainwavescannersmightmakeitpossibletocommunicatewithpeoplewhoareconsideredbrain-dead,accordingtoanewstudyreportedintheEconomist.

Acoupleofrecentstudieshaveshownthatasmallminorityofvegetativepatientsmightbemoreawarethantheyseem.Now,DamienCruse,withtheMedicalResearchCouncilsCognitionandBrainSciencesUnitinCambridge,UK,thinksEEGmachineswillbeabletohelpthesepatientscommunicate.

Theteamasked6healthyvolunteerstowearEEGdevices,whichconnectelectrodestoaperson’shead.Theywereaskedtorespondtoanaudibletonebyimaginingthattheyweresqueezingtheirrighthandsorwigglingthetoesofbothfeet.(27)Theresearchersfoundthatthevolunteers’brainresponseswereclearlydifferent-thehand-squeezingactivatedtheleft-handsideofthebrain,andthetoewigglingproducedaresponseinthecenterofthebrain.

Thentheytestedtheprocedureonapatientwithlocked-insyndrome,whowasalmostcompletelyparalyzedbutretainssomecontrolofhiseyemovements.Hisbrainresponseswerethesame.Finally,(29)theytestedtheprocedureonapatientwhohadbeendeclaredvegetative2yearsearlier.TheywatchedtheEEGsignalsandwereabletodeducewhichmovementthepatientwasimagining.

(28)Thesameteamhadstudied23vegetativepatientsover4yearsandfound4patientswereabletoconsistentlyrespondtoyes-or-noquestionsbychangingtheirbrainactivity.Theywereaskedtoimagineplayingtenniswhentheywantedtogiveoneresponse,orwalkingaroundthehousewhentheywantedtogivetheother.

(30)Sincethepatientswereresponsive,they’renottechnicallyvegetative,theresearcherssay.Proofthattheycancommunicatethatthey’renotbrain-deadwouldhavemajorimplicationsforfamilymembers’anddoctors’decisionsabouttheircare.

26.Whatdoesthistalkmainlytellus?

【解析】文章提到：腦波掃描可能使得人們與腦死亡病人交流成為可能。故選C。

27.Forthe6healthyvolunteers,whichpartofthebraindidthehand-squeezingimaginationactivate?

【解析】根據(jù)文章可知實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果大為不同：攥拳頭激發(fā)了大腦的左半部，而動(dòng)腳趾激發(fā)了大腦的中部。故選A。

28.Ofthe23vegetativepatients,howmanywerefoundtobeabletoconsistentlyrespondtoyesor-noquestions?

【解析】原文信息是…studied23vegetativepatients...found4patientswereabletoconsistentlyrespondtoyes-or-noquestionsbychangingtheirbrainactivity，即參加實(shí)驗(yàn)的23個(gè)植物人病人中有4個(gè)被發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)問(wèn)題有持續(xù)反應(yīng)。故選C。

29.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudyonthepatientdeclaredvegetative2yearsearlier?

【解析】根據(jù)文章描述，研究者通過(guò)EEG信號(hào)觀察，那些兩年前被診斷為植物人的病人，即可以知道病人在想些什么，證明那些是有大腦活動(dòng)的，并不是真正的腦死亡。故選B。

30.WhenEEGsignalsindicatethatavegetativepatientisresponsive,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

【解析】通過(guò)對(duì)第26題與第29題的解答，可知A和B選項(xiàng)的表述正確。文章最后提到這一研究結(jié)果對(duì)于家屬和醫(yī)生護(hù)理有很好的的借鑒意義，所以D項(xiàng)正確。文章沒(méi)有提到C項(xiàng)。

3.單選題

Oneofindustrialagriculture’sbiggestGMOcropsmayhavejustbackfired(產(chǎn)生事與愿違的后果).Scientistshaveconfirmedthatcorn-destroyingrootwormshaveevolvedtoberesistanttotheBtcornengineeredtokillthem.

BtstandsforBacillusthuringiensis(蘇云金芽孢桿菌),thenameofthegeneticallymodifiedcorn’s“donor”organism.Bacillusthuringiensisisanaturallyoccurringsoilbacteriumthatproducesproteincrystalsthatbindtocertainreceptorsintherootworm’sintestine(腸),killingit.Foryears,farmershaveplantedBtcornasanalternativetosprayinginsecticides.Btcornaccountedforthree-quartersofallcornplantingin2013.Thatmayhavetochange.

AfterfindingacornfieldinIowain2011thatwasdecimated(大幅度下降)byrootwormdespitebeingplantedwiththeBtcorn,IowaStateUniversityentomologistAaronGassmannandhisteambegantostudythepests’interactionswiththegeneticallymodifiedorganism(orGMO)corninalab.Theirstudy,publishedMondayintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,describesthewesterncornrootworm’srapidevolutionafterfeedingontheengineeredcrop.

ButBtcornisstillcapableofwardingoffotherpests,sofarmerswilllikelykeepplantingit.Exceptnowthey’llneedtousepesticidestoprotecttheircropfromrootworms.AsentomologistswarnedtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyin2012,rootwormresistancemeansthattheenvironmentaladvantageofBtcorn—thatitcouldberaisedpesticide-free—maydisappear.

“Unlessmanagementpracticeschange,it’sonlygoingtogetworse,”GassmanntoldWired.“Thereneedstobeafundamentalchangeinhowthetechnologyisused.”

Scientistshavepredictedforyearsthatthiscouldhappen,butwarningswererepeatedlyignoredbyregulatorsandfarmers.IttakesmillionsofdollarstodevelopseedslikeBt,soengineeringanalternativeisnotanattractiveoption.Instead,theauthorsofanotherstudyonrootwormBtresistance,whichfocusesonNebraska,takeabiodiversityapproach.

“Croprotationisthebesttool,”UniversityofNebraska-LincolnentomologistLanceMeinketoldFarm&RanchGuide.“Generally,oneyearofsoybeansinafieldwithresistantwesterncornrootwormswipesoutthatpopulation.Thebeetleswilllayeggsthathatch,butwhenlarvae(幼蟲(chóng))trytofeedonsoybeanplants,theydon’tfindthenutrientstheyneedandtheydie.”

Croprotationcansuppressrootwormpopulationsovertime,reducingthethreatposedbytheirnewBtresistance.

ButasentomologistElsonShieldsofCornellUniversitytoldWired,rootwormisjustonesymptomofanengineeredseedtrait“willfallunderthesamepressure,”saidShields,“andtheinsectwillwin.”

1.WhatcanweknowaboutBacillusthuringiensis?

2.WhatinspiredAaronGassmanntostarthisstudy?

3.Whichofthefollowingistrue,accordingtothepassage?

4.LanceMeinkethinksthebestapproachtotheproblemofrootwormBtresistanceis_____.

5.WhatistheproblemwiththeGMOseedindustry,accordingtoElsonShields?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisageneticallymodifiedorganism.

B.Itisanalternativetosprayinginsecticides.

C.Itisanaturalbacteriumthatkillsrootworm.

D.Itprotectsrootwormfrombeingkilledbybacterium.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.ThegreatreductionofoutputofacornfieldinIowa.

B.Theaimofboostingcornyieldby75%by2011.

C.Thesignificanceofcornrootworm’srapidevolution.

D.AaronGassmann’sfindingofalargenumberofrootworm.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.PeoplehavenotexpectedrootwormBtresistancebefore.

B.Btresistancehasafundamentalchangeinmoderntechnology.

C.ItiseconomicallyimpracticaltoentirelyabandonBtcorn.

D.FarmersprefertousepesticidesratherthanplantBtcorn.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.plantingsoybeans

B.raisingbeetles

C.addingfertilizer

D.rotatingcrop

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Mostoftheentomologistsfailedtopredictitsfuturedestiny.

B.TheGMOseedindustrylackslong-termconsiderations.

C.Peoplemistakenlyconsiderrootwormasthebiggesttrouble.

D.ItisverydifficultfortheGMOseedindustrytowininsects.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第二段第三句Foryears,farmershaveplantedBtcornasanalternativetosprayinginsecticides（多年來(lái)，農(nóng)民們一直種植Bt玉米作為噴灑殺蟲(chóng)劑的替代品），第二步，綜合理解，這里是B選項(xiàng)的同意替換，B選項(xiàng)“是一種替代噴灑殺蟲(chóng)劑的方法”正確。

A選項(xiàng)“是一種轉(zhuǎn)基因生物”，定位到第二段第二句Bacillusthuringiensisisanaturallyoccurringsoilbacteriumthatproducesproteincrystalsthatbindtocertainreceptorsintherootworm’sintestine,killingit（蘇云金桿菌是一種天然存在的土壤細(xì)菌，它能產(chǎn)生蛋白質(zhì)晶體，與根蟲(chóng)腸道中的某些受體結(jié)合，殺死根蟲(chóng)），由此可知蘇云金桿菌不是轉(zhuǎn)基因物體而是一種能夠和害蟲(chóng)腸道里面的受體結(jié)合產(chǎn)生蛋白質(zhì)結(jié)晶從而達(dá)到殺死害蟲(chóng)的天然細(xì)菌，是細(xì)菌的一種，這里屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“是一種殺死根蟲(chóng)的天然細(xì)菌”，見(jiàn)A選項(xiàng)解析，是蘇云金桿菌與害蟲(chóng)腸道的受體產(chǎn)生的蛋白質(zhì)使蟲(chóng)子死亡，不是蘇云金桿菌直接殺死蟲(chóng)子，這里屬于曲意理解；

D選項(xiàng)“它保護(hù)根蟲(chóng)不被細(xì)菌殺死”，見(jiàn)A選項(xiàng)，是侵害不是保護(hù)，這里屬于反向干擾。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第三段第一句AfterfindingacornfieldinIowain2011thatwasdecimatedbyrootwormdespitebeingplantedwiththeBtcorn…（2011年在愛(ài)荷華州發(fā)現(xiàn)一片玉米田，盡管種植了Bt玉米，但卻被根蟲(chóng)摧毀……）。第二步，綜合理解，從這句可以知道是亞倫因?yàn)榘l(fā)現(xiàn)愛(ài)荷華州的玉米產(chǎn)量即使在種了轉(zhuǎn)基因玉米的情況下也出現(xiàn)了大幅度減產(chǎn)的情況才想要去調(diào)查的，由此可知A選項(xiàng)“愛(ài)荷華州玉米田產(chǎn)量的大幅減少”正確。

B選項(xiàng)“到2011年提高玉米產(chǎn)量75%的目標(biāo)”，見(jiàn)正確選項(xiàng)分析，2011年的情況是減產(chǎn)了所以才會(huì)開(kāi)展這項(xiàng)調(diào)查，這里屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“玉米根蟲(chóng)快速進(jìn)化的意義”，定位到第三段最后一句話Theirstudy…describesthewesterncornrootworm’srapidevolutionafterfeedingontheengineeredcrop.（他們的研究……描述了西方玉米根蟲(chóng)在食用轉(zhuǎn)基因作物后的快速進(jìn)化。），由此可知C選項(xiàng)是調(diào)查結(jié)果不是調(diào)查原因，這里屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“AaronGassmann發(fā)現(xiàn)大量根蟲(chóng)”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第六段第一二句…butwarningswererepeatedlyignoredbyregulatorsandfarmers.IttakesmillionsofdollarstodevelopseedslikeBt,soengineeringanalternativeisnotanattractiveoption（……但監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)和農(nóng)民一再忽視警告。開(kāi)發(fā)像Bt這樣的種子需要數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元，所以通過(guò)工程來(lái)替代并不是一個(gè)有吸引力的選擇），從這里可知，因?yàn)檗D(zhuǎn)基因種子花了很多財(cái)力研發(fā)，種子公司不會(huì)那么輕易放棄，所以在經(jīng)濟(jì)方面轉(zhuǎn)基因玉米不會(huì)那么輕易放棄，所以C選項(xiàng)“完全放棄Bt玉米在經(jīng)濟(jì)上是不切實(shí)際的”正確。

A選項(xiàng)“人們以前沒(méi)有預(yù)料到根蟲(chóng)抗Bt”，定位到第二段第三句Foryears,farmershaveplantedBtcornasanalternativetosprayinginsecticides（多年來(lái)，農(nóng)民們一直種植Bt玉米作為噴灑殺蟲(chóng)劑的替代品），從這里可知人們一開(kāi)始就是為了治蟲(chóng)才種轉(zhuǎn)基因玉米的，所以A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“Bt抗性在現(xiàn)代技術(shù)中有根本性的變化”，定位到第五段第二句Thereneedstobeafundamentalchangeinhowthetechnologyisused（在如何使用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)方面需要有根本性的改變），這里是根據(jù)句子的時(shí)態(tài)可知是將來(lái)時(shí)，這表明說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望而B(niǎo)選項(xiàng)用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表現(xiàn)在的一種動(dòng)作，所以不能選，這里屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“農(nóng)民更喜歡使用殺蟲(chóng)劑而不是種植Bt玉米”定位到第三段第三句ButBtcornisstillcapableofwardingoffotherpests,sofarmerswilllikelykeepplantingit（但Bt玉米仍有抵擋其他害蟲(chóng)的能力，所以農(nóng)民可能會(huì)繼續(xù)種植它），從這里可知農(nóng)民還是更愿意種轉(zhuǎn)基因玉米，所以D選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到倒數(shù)第三段第一句Croprotationisthebesttool（輪作是最好的工具），從這里可知答案選D“輪耕”；

A選項(xiàng)“種黃豆”，定位到倒數(shù)第三段第二句Generally,oneyearofsoybeansinafieldwithresistantwesterncornrootwormswipesoutthatpopulation（一般來(lái)說(shuō)，在具有抗性的西部玉米根蟲(chóng)的土地上種植一年的大豆就可以消滅這一種群），種植黃豆只是輪耕的具體方法之一，這里只是舉個(gè)例子，不能概括整體，這里屬于以偏概全；

B選項(xiàng)“養(yǎng)甲蟲(chóng)”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有，所以不選；

C選項(xiàng)“加肥料”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有，所以不選。

5.判斷推理題，第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到最后一段第一句話，ButasentomologistElsonShieldsofCornellUniversitytoldWired,rootwormisjustonesymptomofanengineeredseedtrait“willfallunderthesamepressure,”saidShields,“andtheinsectwillwin”.（但正如康奈爾大學(xué)的昆蟲(chóng)學(xué)家ElsonShields告訴《連線》雜志的，根蟲(chóng)只是一種轉(zhuǎn)基因種子性狀之一，“在同樣的壓力下，”Shields說(shuō)，“昆蟲(chóng)將獲勝。），從這里可知ElsonShields對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因產(chǎn)業(yè)是持否定態(tài)度，覺(jué)得昆蟲(chóng)最終會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝轉(zhuǎn)基因植物，從這里的only可以看出來(lái)Shields認(rèn)為根蟲(chóng)只是其中一個(gè)癥狀，其實(shí)問(wèn)題還不僅僅只在根蟲(chóng)，所以可以推斷答案選C選項(xiàng)“人們錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為根蟲(chóng)是最大的麻煩”。

A選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)昆蟲(chóng)學(xué)家都沒(méi)有預(yù)測(cè)到它（轉(zhuǎn)基因種子產(chǎn)業(yè)）的未來(lái)命運(yùn)”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“轉(zhuǎn)基因種子行業(yè)缺乏長(zhǎng)期考慮”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有，所以不選；

D選項(xiàng)“轉(zhuǎn)基因種子產(chǎn)業(yè)很難贏得昆蟲(chóng)”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有，所以不選。

4.寫(xiě)作題

Writeanessayinnolessthan200wordswiththetitle“MyUnderstandingofGlobalization”.

【答案】MyUnderstandingofGlobalization5.單選題

Whentheymarry,husbandsandwiveshavewell-developedhealthhistoriesandwell-establishedcongenitalanddevelopmentalpropensitiestowardgoodandillhealth.Substantialresearchsuggeststhat,giventheexistinghealthpropensityandhealthconditionofanindividualataparticulartime,hisorherprobabilityofbetterorworsefuturehealthisaffectedbyavarietyofsociallymediatedfactorsthataresubjecttoinfluenceormanipulationbyhisorherspouse.

Spousescanpromoteeachother’shealthbyamelioratingpsychologicalstress.Asubstantialliteraturedevelopsstrongevidencethatpsychologicalstresscausesillness,increasemortalityrisk,andservesasanimportantmechanismthatlinkssocioeconomiccharacteristicstohealthandmortality.Stress-reducingmechanismsincluderemovalofsourcesofstress,andmanagementofstressbytalkingaboutittoatrustedotherperson,psychologicaltreatment,physicalexercise,recreationandothermeans.Aspousecanprovideorencourageallofthesestress-reducingbehaviors.

Spousesalsocanpromoteeachother’shealthbyprovidingeachotherwithsupportivesocialcontact,andtheycanfacilitateorinhibiteachother’ssocialcontactwithsupportiveothers.Evidencesuggeststhathealthisgreatlyadvancedbysupportivesocialcontacts,includingpositiveinteractionwithrelatives,friends,coworkersandacquaintances.Recentexperimentaldatashowsthatpersonswithmorediversesocialnetworksaremoreresistanttoexperimentallyintroducedupperrespiratoryvirusesthanpersonswithlessdiversesocialnetworks.

Spousescanalsopromoteeachother’shealthbyprovidingeachotherwithmoneyincome,andtheycanhelpeachothermanagemoneyincomeeffectively.Moneydoesnotbuyhealthdirectly,butitcanbeusedtopurchasegoodsandservicesthatmakegoodhealthmorelikely.Thesegoodsandservicesincludenutritiousfood,ahygienicandsafeenvironment,medicalcare,andamenitiesthatreducepsychologicalstress.Unlessestrangedorunusuallywealthy,husbandsandwivesalmostalwayssharetheirfinancialresourcesandpurchaseandconsumemanyofthesehealth-promotinggoodsandservicesjointly.Inshort,therearemanywaysinwhichspousescaninfluenceeachother’sprobabilityofgoodhealth.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthemosteffectivewayforthehusbandtoreducepsychologicalstress?

3.Whichoneisthesuitablesummaryofparagraph1?

4.Howcanmoneymakegoodhealth?

5.Whichofthefollowingislikelytothrowspousesintoillhealth?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Howspousescanpromoteeachother’sphysicalcondition.

B.Thespouse’sprobabilityoffuturewell-being.

C.Effectsofspouse’shoursofworkoneachother’shealth.

D.Spousesinfluenceeachotherinvariousways.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Totalktootherperson.

B.Togotoseepsychiatrist.

C.Totakepleasure.

D.Totalkwithhiswife.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Spouse’sinfluenceisofvitalimportancetoeachother’shealth.

B.Spouse’sinfluencehasnothingtodowithhealth.

C.Healthyspouseswillremainhealthaftertheirmarriage.

D.Thereareavarietyofsociallymediatedfactors.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Moneysometimesmaybepowerfulenoughtobuyhealthdirectly.

B.Spousescanmanagemoneyincomeeffectivelyforeachother’shealth

C.Moneycanprovidespouseswithgoodsandservices,whichislikelytomakegoodhealth.

D.Forthesakeofeachother’sheath,husbandsandwivesshouldshareeverything.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Positiveinteractionwithrelatives.

B.Appropriatephysicalexercise.

C.Fewsocialnetworks.

D.Nutritiousfood.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者在第一段指出丈夫或妻子的健康狀況不僅受到社會(huì)因素的影響，還會(huì)受到其配偶的影響。接著后面的三個(gè)段落分別從三個(gè)不同的角度講述了配偶之間應(yīng)該如何相互幫助來(lái)促進(jìn)彼此的健康，所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容，減壓機(jī)制包括消除壓力來(lái)源，通過(guò)與信任的人談話來(lái)管理壓力，還有心理治療，體育鍛煉，娛樂(lè)休閑等其他方法。配偶可以提供或鼓勵(lì)所有這些減輕壓力的行為。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為丈夫減輕心理壓力最有效的辦法應(yīng)該是與信任的人也就是妻子進(jìn)行談話溝通，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第11題的分析可知，第一段主要是講丈夫或妻子的健康狀況不僅受到社會(huì)因素的影響，還會(huì)受到其配偶的影響。也就是說(shuō)配偶的影響對(duì)彼此的健康至關(guān)重要。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Moneydoesnotbuyhealthdirectly,butitcanbeusedtopurchasegoodsandservicesthatmakegoodhealthmorelikely.金錢(qián)不能直接買(mǎi)到健康，但它可以用來(lái)購(gòu)買(mǎi)使人更有可能獲得健康的商品和服務(wù)?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A選項(xiàng)“與親人之間的積極互動(dòng)”；B選項(xiàng)“適當(dāng)?shù)捏w育鍛煉”；D選項(xiàng)“有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物”都能夠促進(jìn)配偶的健康狀況，只有C選項(xiàng)“很小的社交圈子”可能會(huì)讓配偶健康狀況不佳。所以本題選C。

6.翻譯題

Directions:PleasetranslatethefollowingpassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

中國(guó)家庭十分重視孩子的教育。許多父母認(rèn)為應(yīng)該努力工作，確保孩子受到良好的教育。他們不僅非常情愿為孩子的教育投資，而且花很多時(shí)間督促他們學(xué)習(xí)。多數(shù)家長(zhǎng)希望孩子能上名牌大學(xué)。由于改革開(kāi)放，越來(lái)越多的家長(zhǎng)能送孩子到國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)或參加國(guó)際交流項(xiàng)目，讓其拓寬視野。通過(guò)這些努力，他們期望孩子健康成長(zhǎng)，為國(guó)家的發(fā)展和繁榮做出貢獻(xiàn)。

【答案】Chinesefamiliesattachgreatimportancetochildren’seducation.Inordertoensuretheirchildrencanbewelleducated,manyparentsbelievethattheyshouldworkhard.Theyarenotonlywillingtoinvestintheirchildren’seducation,butalsospendalotoftimeurgingthemtolearn.Mostparentshopetheirchildrencangotoafamousuniversity.Thankstothereformingandopeningup,moreandmoreparentsareabletosendtheirchildrentostudyabroadorparticipateininternationalexchangeprogramstobroadentheirhorizons.Throughtheseefforts,theyexpecttheirchildrentogrowuphealthilyandmakecontributionstothedevelopmentandprosperityofthecountry.

7.單選題

Vickyhasbeensadrecently,forherplantogotocollege______atthelastmoment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fellthrough

B.felloff

C.fellout

D.fellbehind

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)fellthrough“落空；失敗”；B選項(xiàng)felloff“跌落；下降；脫落；減少”；C選項(xiàng)fellout“掉落；爭(zhēng)吵”；D選項(xiàng)fellbehind“落后于，落伍”。句意：維姬最近很傷心，因?yàn)樗洗髮W(xué)的計(jì)劃在最后一刻______。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里上大學(xué)的計(jì)劃不能實(shí)施，A選項(xiàng)fellthrough“落空；失敗”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Thegovernmentisexpectedtomakenewlegislationsto（）foreigninvestmentinrealestate.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.manipulate

B.regulate

C.dominate

D.prevail

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)manipulate“操縱，操作”，B項(xiàng)regulate“調(diào)節(jié)，控制”，C項(xiàng)dominate“占優(yōu)勢(shì)，支配”，D項(xiàng)prevail表示“盛行，流行”。句意：預(yù)計(jì)政府將制定新的立法來(lái)規(guī)范外國(guó)在房地產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域的投資。因此B項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Agreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayforthe（

）ofbecomingwhitecollarworkers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.privilege

B.advantage

C.profit

D.preference

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。privilege“特權(quán)”；advantage“優(yōu)勢(shì)”；profit“利潤(rùn)，利益”；preference“偏愛(ài)，傾向”。句意：很多人愿意為白領(lǐng)階層的優(yōu)越性而放棄更高的工資。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

10.單選題

（

）youcomeyesterday,youwouldhaveseenhim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Had

B.if

C.when

D.should

【答案】A

【解析】句意:如果你昨天來(lái)了，就可以見(jiàn)到他了。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾樘摂M語(yǔ)氣。此句是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬,從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。Hadyoucomeyesterday=ifyouhadcomeyesterday。

11.單選題

______allourkindnesstohelpher;Sararefusedtolisten.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.At

B.In

C.For

D.On

【答案】D

【解析】考查介詞詞義辨析。at“在（表示存在或出現(xiàn)的地點(diǎn)、場(chǎng)所、位置等）”；in“在……內(nèi)”；for“對(duì)；為了”；on“在……之上；對(duì)于，關(guān)于”。句意：對(duì)于我們的友好幫助，薩拉拒絕了。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.填空題

Directions:Thispartconsistsoftensentences.EachsentencehasfourpartsunderlinedandlabeledA,B,CandD.IdentifytheonechoicethatisnotacceptedinstandardEnglishandmarkyourchoicebyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

21.Afew[A]naturallyelementsexistinsuchsmall[B]amountsthattheyareknown[C]mainlyfromlaboratory-made[D]samples.

22.[A]Tostaywarmincoldweather,cold-bloodedanimalsmustexpose[B]itselfto[C]asourceofwarmthsuchas[D]directsunlight.

23.Asevereillness[A]whereshewas[B]justnineteenmonthsold[C]deprivedHelenKeller[D]ofbothhersightandhearing.

24.In[A]thewild,teaplantsbecome[B]treesof[C]approximatelythirtyfeetin[D]high.

25.Formanycenturies,sailors[A]reliedonechoes[B]towarnthemof[C]anotherships,icebergs,orcliffsin[D]foggyweather.

26.[A]Itisthe[B]interactionbetweenpeople,ratherthantheeventsthatoccurintheirlives,[C]thatarethemainfocusof[D]socialpsychology.

27.Itistruethat[A]therotationoftheEarth[B]onitsaxisisresponsible[C]withthealternationofperiods[D]oflightanddarkness.

28.Oneofthemostdifficult[A]questions[B]indefiningsleep[C]is“What[D]isthefunctionsofsleep?”

29.Seven[A]ofplanetsrotateinthesamedirection[B]astheirorbitalmotions,[C]whileVenusandUranusrotateinthe[D]oppositedirection.

30.Thetongueis[A]capableofmany[B]motionsandconfigurationsandplays[C]avitalroleinchewing,[D]swallowed,andspeaking.

【答案】21.A

22.B

23.A

24.D

25.C

26.C

27.C

28.D

29.A

30.D

【解析】21.考查形容詞和副詞的運(yùn)用。將naturally改為natural；后面的elements“要素”為名詞。記憶點(diǎn)：形容詞修飾名詞，副詞大多用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞。

22.考查代詞的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。將itself改成themselves；句中指代的對(duì)象是animals，是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，代詞也同樣需要使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

23.考查從句引導(dǎo)詞的使用。將where改成when；后面的shewasjustnineteenmonthsold，用來(lái)特定表示那個(gè)時(shí)間段，而時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用when進(jìn)行連接引導(dǎo)。where主要表地點(diǎn)。

24.考查固定詞組搭配。將high改成height；“inheight”表示“在高度上”，是固定搭配。

25.考查代詞的搭配。將another改成other；因?yàn)楹竺娴膕hips是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，而another后面接單數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)改為other。

26.考查主謂一致。將are改成is；整句的大體結(jié)構(gòu)為（It’s…that…）ratherthan作為插入語(yǔ)，不充當(dāng)居中主要成分，theinteractionbetweenpeople才是本句的主語(yǔ)，為單數(shù)，故從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)使用單數(shù)。

27.考查詞組的固定搭配。將with改成for；beresponsiblefor“對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)”，為固定搭配。

28.考查主謂一致。將is改成are，主謂一致；oneof接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。后面的主語(yǔ)為questions，故此句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用復(fù)數(shù)形式are。

29.考查定冠詞的用法。在planets前添加the；在本句中的planets是特指太陽(yáng)系中的九大行星，因此，需要加入定冠詞the。

30.考查連詞的一致性。將swallowed改成swallowing；句中playavitalrolein+動(dòng)名詞，and連接所有動(dòng)詞的使用形式需要一致。

13.單選題

Agreatamountofworkhasgoneinto（

）theCathedraltoitsprevioussplendor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refreshing

B.restoring

C.renovating

D.renewing

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:大量的修復(fù)工作已經(jīng)使大教堂回復(fù)到了它先前的壯觀景象。

Refresh更新;restore使...恢復(fù)到之前或原始的狀態(tài);renovate修復(fù)到之前或更佳的狀態(tài);renew（遭到損害后）重生。句中并未提及教堂被損壞，并且提及大量的修復(fù)工作,因此renovate最合適。

14.翻譯題

Vacationsaremorenecessarynowthanbeforebecausetodaytheaveragelifeislesswell-roundedandhasbecomeincreasinglycompartmentalized.Isupposetheideaofvacations,asweconceiveit,mustbeincomprehensibletoprimitivepeoples.Restofsomekindhasofcoursealwaysbeenapartoftherhythmofhumanlife,butearlieragesdidnotfinditnecessarytoorganizeitinthewaythatmodernmanhasdone,holidaysandfeastdaysweresufficient.

Withmodernman’sincreasingtensions,withthestultifying(極其單調(diào)乏味的)qualityofsomuchofhiswork,thisbreakintheyear’sroutinebecamesteadilymorenecessary.Vacationsbecamemandatoryforthepurposeofrenewalandrepair.AndsoitcameaboutthatintheUnitedStates,themostself-indulgentofnations,themosttenseandcompartmentalized,vacationshavecometotakeapredominantplaceindomesticconversation.

【答案】【參考譯文】休假比以前任何時(shí)候都更有必要，因?yàn)槿缃褚话闳说纳畈辉傧褚郧澳菢迂S富多彩，相反卻變得越來(lái)越單調(diào)乏味。我想原始人肯定不理解我們現(xiàn)在的休假概念。當(dāng)然，某種方式的休息，歷來(lái)是人生節(jié)奏的一部分，但人類社會(huì)早期認(rèn)為沒(méi)有必要像現(xiàn)代人那樣安排休假。那時(shí)的節(jié)日足已滿足人們的需要。

由于現(xiàn)代人生活越來(lái)越緊張，工作要求高，工作量大，因此在一年的日常工作中，休假變得越來(lái)越必要。休假已成為調(diào)節(jié)修整身心的必要手段。因此，在最任性放縱而生活節(jié)奏最緊張單調(diào)的美國(guó)，休假就成了家庭閑談的主要話題。

15.單選題

Silver______easilyandturnsblackifnotpolishedregularly.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.snookers

B.stews

C.tarnishes

D.douse

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.snookers阻撓B.stews燉；焦慮

C.tarnishes失去光澤，變暗淡D.douse澆滅，熄；沉浸

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】由后半句的句意“銀器如果不定期擦拭就會(huì)變黑”可知，銀器很容易失去光澤，C項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)都不符合句意。

【句意】銀器很容易失去光澤，如果不定期擦拭就會(huì)變黑。

16.單選題

Someanthropologistsclaimthatafewapeshavebeentaughtarudimentarysignlanguages,butskepticsarguethattheapesareonly______theirtrainers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.imitating

B.condoning

C.instructing

D.acknowledging

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。imitate“模仿，效仿”；condone“寬恕”；instruct“指導(dǎo)，命令”；acknowledge“承認(rèn)，答謝”。句意：一些人類學(xué)家聲稱，一些類人猿已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了基本的手語(yǔ)，但是疑論者認(rèn)為這些類人猿只是模仿他們的訓(xùn)練員。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

17.單選題

Wearewritingtothemanager______therepairsrecentlycarriedoutattheaboveaddress.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.withtheexceptionof

B.withthepurposeof

C.withreferenceto

D.withaviewto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)withtheexceptionof“除了……以外”，B項(xiàng)withthepurposeof“目的是……”，C項(xiàng)withreferenceto“關(guān)于，根據(jù)”，D項(xiàng)withaviewto“著眼于”。根據(jù)句子可知，therepairs是由過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)carriedoutattheaboveaddress修飾的名詞，說(shuō)明信件的內(nèi)容，所以推斷選項(xiàng)C符合上下文語(yǔ)境。句意：關(guān)于最近在上述地址進(jìn)行的維修，我們致函經(jīng)理。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Toforgivemaybedivine,butnooneeversaiditwaseasy.Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourgrudge.Butforgivenessispossible-—anditcansurprisinglybeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.

“Peoplewhoforgiveshowlessdepression,angerandstressandmorehopefulness,”saysFrederic,Ph.D.,authorofForgiveforGood.“Soitcanhelpsaveonthewearandtearonourorgans,reducethewearingoutoftheimmunesystemandallowpeopletofeelmorevital.”

Sohowdoyoustartthehealing?Tryfollowingthesesteps:

Calmyourself.Todefuseyouranger,tryasimplestress-managementtechnique.“Takeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,someoneyoulove,”Fredericsays.

Don’twaitforanapology.“Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyouhasnointentionofapologizing,”Fredericsays.“Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon’tseethingsthesameway.Soifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.”Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanreconciliationwiththepersonwhoupsetyouorcondoningofhisorheraction.

Takethecontrolawayfromyouroffender.Mentallyreplayingyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausedyoupain.“Insteadoffocusingonyourwoundedfeelings,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou,”Fredericsays.

Trytoseethingsfromtheotherperson’sperspective.Ifyouempathizewiththatperson,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofignorance,fear,evenlove.Togainperspective,youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender’spointofview.

Recognizethebenefitsofforgiveness.Researchhasshownthatpeoplewhoforgivereportmoreenergy,betterappetiteandbettersleeppatterns.

Don’tforgettoforgiveyourself.“Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge,”Fredericsays.“Butitcanrobyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudon’tdoit.”

1.Forgivenessis（）

2.Whatdoes“wearandtear”mean?

3.WhichisNotthetechniqueofhealing?

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.easytodo

B.noble

C.onlybeneficialtophysicalhealth

D.impossibletogetyourgrudgego

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Damageresultingfromordinaryuse.

B.Energy.

C.Friction.

D.Moisture.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Inhaledeeply.

B.Mentallyreplayyourhurtoften.

C.Distractyourattention.

D.Thinkinanotherpointofview.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thepersonwhohurtyouissuretomakeanapologytoyoulateron.

B.Youmaycondoneothers’wrongdoings.

C.Forgivenessdoesn’tequalobeyance.

D.Youshouldnegotiatewiththepersonwhoupsetyou.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Waystogetwellfromyourhurt.

B.Toforgivemaybedivine,butnooneeversaiditwaseasy.

C.Forgivenessbenefitstoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.

D.AnintroductiontothebookForgiveforGood.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的第一句可知選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；而divine與noble同義,所以選項(xiàng)B正確；根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“forgivenesscansurprisinglybeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth”可知選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第一段的第二句“itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourgrudge.”可知選項(xiàng)D也錯(cuò)誤。所以本題選B。

2.語(yǔ)義題。damageresultingfromordinaryuse日常中的損傷；friction摩擦力；moisture水分,濕度。根據(jù)原文可知,這里指可以幫助我們減少器官的磨損。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第六段的第二句“Mentallyreplayingyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausedyoupain.”在心里重演你的傷痛,只會(huì)給予傷害你的人力量。所以選項(xiàng)B并不是治療的好方法。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第五段的最后一句“forgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanreconciliationwiththepersonwhoupsetyouorcondoningofhisorheraction.”寬恕并不一定意味著與讓你心煩的人和解,也不意味著寬恕他或她的行為。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。forgiveness為本文的關(guān)鍵詞,再結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要是講如何寬恕以及寬恕的益處。選項(xiàng)C更符合原文。其他選項(xiàng)都太片面。

19.單選題

Nick’snewnovelprovesheisn’tjustaflashinthe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sky

B.pan

C.house

D.dark

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。aflashinthepan“曇花一現(xiàn)，轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，多用來(lái)形容某事持續(xù)時(shí)間短”。句意：尼克的新小說(shuō)證明他并不是曇花一現(xiàn)。