閱讀閱讀理解（應(yīng)用文）大題優(yōu)練1優(yōu)選例題優(yōu)選例題【例題】（2020·全國II卷）TheLakeDistrictAttractionsGuideDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensHistory,Culture&Landscape(景觀).Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedandaward-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.OwnedbytheHasellfamilysince1679,hometotheInternationalMarmaladeFestival.Giftsandantiques,plantsales,museums&MediaevalHallTearoom.Open:29Mar-29Oct,SuntoThurs.Tearoom,Gardens&GiftShop:10:30-17:00(16:00inOct).House:11:15-16:00(15:00inOct).Town:PooleyBridge&PenrithAbbotHallArtGallery&MuseumThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHall’stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareinacitygallery.TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.Open:MontoSatandSummerSundays.10:30-17:00Summer.10:30-16:00Winter.Town:KendalTullieHouseMuseum&ArtGalleryDiscover,exploreandenjoyaward-winningTullieHouse,wherehistoriccollections,contemporaryartandfamilyfunarebroughttogetherinoneimpressivemuseumandartgallery.Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisitfromfinearttointeractivefun,sothere’ssomethingforeveryone!Open:HighSeason1Apr-31Oct:MontoSat10:00-1700,Sun11:00-17:00.LowSeason1Nov-31Mar:MontoSat10:00-16:30,Sun12:00-16:30.Town:CarlisleDoveCottage&TheWordsworthMuseumDiscoverWilliamWordsworth’sinspirationalhome.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhishillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.Visittheshopandrelaxinthecafé.Exhibitions,eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.Open:Daily,09:30-17:30(lastadmission17:00).Town:Grasmere1.WhenistheHouseatDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensopenonSundaysinJuly?A.09:30-17:30. B.10:30-16:00. C.11:15-16:00. D.12:00-16:30.2.WhatcanVisitorsdoatAbbotHallArtGallery&Museum?A.EnjoyRomney’sworks. B.Havesomeinteractivefun.C.Attendafamousfestival. D.Learnthehistoryofafamily.3.WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploreWordsworth’slife?A.Penrith. B.Kendal. C.Carlisle. D.Grasmere.【答案】1.C 2.A 3.D【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第一部分“House:11:15-16:00(15:00inOct).”，故選C。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第二部分，令人印象深刻的永久收藏包括特納和羅姆尼的作品，游客可以欣賞羅姆尼的作品，故選A。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干信息，定位到最后一部分，Wordsworth博物館所在的小鎮(zhèn)是Grasmere。故選D。模擬優(yōu)練模擬優(yōu)練（一）TheOlympicMuseumfirstopenedtothepubliconJune23rd,1993.ItisagreatmuseumsetinextremelyattractivegroundsonthebanksofLakeGeneva.Intotal,morethan3.5millionvisitorsofallagesandallwalksoflifehavecometothismuseumtoexperiencethemagicoftheOlympicGames.TheOlympicMuseum'srichcollectionsincludeitemsfromallovertheworld.Thecollectionsbegantotakeshapein1915,andhavecontinuedtogrowanddevelopovertheyears.Followingalmosttwoyearsofrenovationwork,TheOlympicMuseumnowhasanadditional1,000squaremetersofexhibitionspace.TherestauranthasbeenmovedtothesouthsideofthemuseumtoofferabeautifulviewoverthelakeandtheAlps,OpeningTimes:9amto6pm:fromMay1sttoOctober14th(MondaytoSunday)10amto6pm:fromOctober15thtoApril30th(TuesdaytoSunday)(butopenEasterMondayorforspecialevents).ClosedonDecember25thandJanuary1stMuseumRates:TicketscanbeboughtdirectlyatTheOlympicMuseum.Noreservationarerequired.Therearethreeticketmachines,twoonthegroundfloorandoneonthe2ndfloor.Adult:CHF18Childrenaged6-16(under6free):CHF10Disabledpersons:CHF124．WhatisthepurposeofvisitingTheOlympicMuseumformostpeople?A．Tofindmanynewinventions.B．ToenjoythebeautyofLakeGeneva.C．Tomeetpeopleofallagesandwalksoflife.D．ToenjoythecollectionsaboutTheOlympicMuseum.5．WhenthemuseumopenonthedayafterEasterSunday?A．At11am. B．At10am. C．At9am. D．At8am. 6．Wherecanwebuytheticketsofthemuseum?A．Onthewebsite.B．Intheticketmachineonthe2ndfloor.C．Inthethreeticketmachinesonthe1stfloor.D．Onthegroundfloorofthesouthsideofthemuseum.【答案】4．D 5．B 6．B【解析】4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三，四句可知，總共有350多萬來自各個年齡段和各行各業(yè)的游客來到這座博物館，體驗奧運會的魅力。奧林匹克博物館豐富的收藏品包括來自世界各地的物品。推知，對于大多數(shù)人來說，參觀奧林匹克博物館的目的是欣賞有關(guān)奧林匹克博物館的收藏品。故選D。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OpeningTimes中“10amto6pm:fromOctober15thtoApril30th(TuesdaytoSunday)(butopenEasterMondayorforspecialevents).(上午10時至下午6時:10月15日至4月30日(星期二至星期日)(復(fù)活節(jié)星期一開放或有特別活動)。)”可知，復(fù)活節(jié)后的白天營業(yè)時間是從上午10點開始。故選B。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TicketscanbeboughtdirectlyatTheOlympicMuseum.Noreservationarerequired.Therearethreeticketmachines,twoonthegroundfloorandoneonthe2ndfloor.”門票可以直接在奧林匹克博物館購買。不需要預(yù)訂。有三個售票機，兩個在一樓，一個在二樓。由此可知，我們可以在一樓的兩個售票機和二樓的一個售票機買票入場參觀。故選B。（二）Enterthe17thAnnualKids’FishArtContestEachfall,OntariostudentsareinvitedtoentertheKids’FishArtContest．ThisfreeannualcontestletsyoushowoffyourartistictalentsandlearnaboutOntario’snativefishandtheirhabitats．Thecontestisopentoallstudents：●whoareresidentsofOntario●currentlyattendingelementaryorsecondaryschool(orhomeschooled)●betweenthegradesof4-12ChildrenofMinistryofNaturalResourcesandForestry’sFishandWildlifeServicesBranchemployeesarenotpermitted．PrizesThereis1winnerforeachofthe3categories：●gradesof4-6●gradesof7-9 ●gradesof10-12Thisyear’sprizesinclude：●afishingtripatBrennanHarbourResort●adayoffishingwithCanadianSportfishingTelevisionShowHost,ItaloLabignan●thewinningdesignsadvancetoaninternationalcompetitionKeydatesOpens:September30,2020Closes:December6,2020Announcementofwinners:March2021Howtoenter1.Prepareyourentry：●originalartwork●ashortessay2.Downloadandcompletetheentryform3.Mailyourentry,postmarkednolaterthanDecember6,2020To:OntarioMinistryofNaturalResourcesandForestryKids’FishArtContestPeterboroughONK9J3C7Do：●provideyourartisticinterpretationofthefishinitshabitat●submityouroriginal,hand-donecreationDonot：●usephotographs,tracings,computer-generatedartwork●submitfreehandcopiesofotherpeople’swork●putanylettering,signaturesorinitialsonthefrontofthedesignEssayWritea1essayabout：●yourfish●itshabitat●howtoprotectitforfuturegenerationsIncludeyournameandaddressonyouressay．7．Whoispermittedtosignupforthecontest?A．Cindy,a3graderfromOntario. B．Smith,a9-gradehomeschooler.C．Cristal,wholivesoutsideofOntario. D．Ann,whosemotherworkswiththecontest.8．Whenwillthewinningentriescomeout?C．March2021. B．December6,2020．A．September30,2020. D．December31,2020．9．Whatshouldparticipantsdoiftheywanttoenterthecontest?A．Createtheirartworksbyhand.B．Puttheirnamesontheirartworks.C．Mailtheentryformtothecontestholder.D．EnsuretheirentriesarereceivedbyDecember6,2020.【答案】7．B 8．A 9．A【解析】7．推理判斷題。由第二段內(nèi)容可知，比賽對符合以下條件的學(xué)生開放：①residentsofOntario②currentlyattendingelementaryorsecondaryschool（orhomeschooled）③betweenthegradesof4-12④ChildrenofMinistryofNaturalResourcesandForestry'sFishandWildlifeServicesBranchemployeesarenotpermitted，這四個條件，四個選項中只有B選項滿足。故選B項。8．細節(jié)理解題。由文章Keydates這部分的“Announcementofwinners：March2021”，可知，宣布獲勝者日期為March2021。故選C項。9．細節(jié)理解題。由文章Howtoenter部分的“Do：submityouroriginal,hand-donecreation”，可知，參賽作品必須是親手創(chuàng)作的。故選A項。（三）TheVisitorOystercardAVisitorOystercardisthecheapestwaytopayforasingleadultjourneyinLondon.It’saplasticsmartcard.Youcanuseitonthebus,tube,tram,DLR,LondonOvergroundandmostNationalRailservices.It’smuchcheaperthanbuyingindividualtickets,insomecasescosting50%lessthanthepriceofaregularpaperticket.HowtogetaVisitorOystercardYoucanbuyaVisitorOystercardonline.Yourcardwillbedeliveredbypost.Thecardcosts￡5andyouchoosehowmuchmoneyyouwanttoaddtothecard.ThismeansyoucanstartusingthecardthemomentyouarriveinCentralLondon.HowdoestheVisitorOystercardwork?TheOystercardworksonapay-as-you-gosystem.Youstartbyaddingmoneytothecard.Thenyoutravel,thecostofthefarewillautomaticallybedeductedfromyourVisitorOystercard.Forexample,ifyouadd￡20tothecardandmakeatubejourneyof￡2.30,youwillhave￡17.70leftonthecard.Afewmorepoints:·Achildundertheageof11travelsfreewhenaccompaniedbyanadult.·You’llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubeseveraltimes.TheVisitorOystercardis“capped(給……定上限)”at￡6.80perday.·You’llpaymoreduringpeaktimes.PeakfaresapplyfromMondaytoFriday(6:30am—9:30am;4:00pm—7:00pm),exceptforpublicholidays.·ReusetheOystercardbyaddingcreditatatubestation,OysterticketshoporVisitorCentre.·ReceiveadiscountontheThamesClippersRiverBusservices.10．WhatcanwelearnabouttheVisitorOystercard?A．Youcan’tuseitduringpublicholidays.B．Youcanhaveitmaileddirectlytoyourhome.C．YoucangetafreeOystercardifyouorderonline.D．Youcanreceivea50%discountatanyshopinLondon.11．HowmuchmoneywillbedeductedifyoutakethetubeseveraltimeswithaVisitorOystercard?A．￡3.40. B．￡6.80.C．￡9.20. D.￡17.712．WherecanyouaddcredittoyourVisitorOystercard?A．OntheInternet. B．Atabusstation.C．Atatubestation. D．Inconveniencestores.【答案】10．B 11．B 12．C【解析】10．細節(jié)理解題。第二段第二句Yourcardwillbedeliveredbypost.可知,VisitorOystercard可以直接寄到你家。故選B。11．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Afewmorepoints部分You’llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubeseveraltimes.TheVisitorOystercardis“capped(給……定上限)”at￡6.80perday.可知如果你乘幾次地鐵，你會節(jié)省更多的錢。VisitorOyster卡的“上限”是每天6.8英鎊。故選B。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Afewmorepoints部分倒數(shù)第二段ReusetheOystercardbyaddingcreditatatubestation,OysterticketshoporVisitorCentre.可知,可以在地鐵站添加，故選C。（四）FourGreatclassicalpiecesinspiredbyanimalsCatalogueoftheBirdsbyOliverMessiaenMessiaentranscribed13birdsongstopianopieces.EachpieceiswrittenforaFrenchprovincewithatitleofbirdchosenforeachregion.Messiaenusesthe“colouroftones”atitsmostpowerful,wheredifferentsoundsinterconnectandlaythebirdsongamongthenaturemostbeautifully.TheCatandtheMousebyAaronCoplandWecanhearsovividlydifferentplotsandthetuneiseasilyaccessibletoalllisteners.Coplandusesthepaceandrhythmsuccessfully,whichcreatestheanimationinthemusic.Lotsofloudanddissonant(刺耳的)chordisfullyappliedintheentirepiece,givingthe“storytelling”naturetothemusic.TheMaidandtheNightingalebyEnriqueGranadosInthemusic,themaidsingsamournfulsongtothenightingaleasherloverhasgonetofightanotherguyoutofjealousy,andeventuallydies.Afterhermournful“song”ends,thelastpartofthepieceispurebirdsound.Granadosmainlyusesquickandlightsinglenotestopaintthemelodiesofbirdsongs.CarnivaloftheAnimalsbyCamilleSaint-SansTheCarnivaloftheAnimalsisthemostfamousworkfromSaint-Sans.Interestingly,heforbadetheworktobepublishedduringhislifetimeashefeltitdidnotrepresenthimproperly.Thedifferentmusicaltechniquesandthefastandlightrhythmofthefullsuitetrulymakethissetofworksthemosttypicalmusicforanimals.13．WhatcharacteristicdoTheCatandtheMouseandCarnivaloftheAnimalsshare?A．Mournful B．DynamicC．Discouraging D．Peaceful14．Whichworkgainsitspopularityoutofthecomposer'sexpectation?A．CatalogueoftheBirds B．TheCalandtheMouseC．TheMaidandtheNightingale D．CarnivaloftheAnimals15．Whatcanwelearnfromthefourclassicalpieces?A．EachpieceofCatalogueoftheBirdsisnamedafteraFrenchprovince.B．ThetuneofTheCatandtheMouseisacceptedbyalllisteners.C．TheCarnivaloftheAnimalsisthefirsthitofSaint-Sans.D．ThecreationofthebirdsoundinTheMaidenandtheNightingaleisdifferentfromCatalogueoftheBirds.【答案】13．B 14．D 15．D【解析】13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段可知，科普蘭成功地運用了節(jié)奏和節(jié)奏，在音樂中創(chuàng)造了動畫。說明這部作品展示了動態(tài)的這個特征。故選B。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知，他生前禁止這本書出版，因為他覺得這本書不能很好地代表他。不同的音樂技巧和整組曲快、輕的節(jié)奏使這組作品成為最典型的動物音樂。所以，CarnivaloftheAnimals這本書的流行出乎作曲家的意料。故選D。15．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，彌賽安將“色彩的音調(diào)”運用到最有力的地方，不同的聲音相互連接，把鳥鳴置于大自然中最美麗的地方。和文章第三段，格拉納多斯主要用輕快的單音來描繪鳥鳴的旋律?？芍?，《少女與夜鶯》中鳥兒發(fā)出的聲音與《鳥類目錄》中不同。故選D。（五）Tiredofyoursummerbreak?HerecomesalistofbestsellersonABornaCrimeByNoahTrevorBornaCrimeisthestoryofanaughtyyoungboyinSouthAfrica,whogrowsintoarestlessyoungman,theauthorofthebook,ashestrugglestofindhimselfinaworldwherehewasneversupposedtoexist.Itisalsothestoryofthatyoungman’srelationshipwithhisfearlessandreligiousmother.“Don'tcry,Trevor.Trevor,listen.Listentome.Listen.”“Mychild,youmustlookonthebrightside.”ItwasMother'sfaithandpositiveattitudethatshapedtheyoungman.HowItFeelstoFloatByHelaiaFoxIfyou'relookingforamovingstorythatexploresthemesofmentalillness,grief(悲痛),andlove,pickupacopyofHowItFeelstoFloatandfollowBizasshecomesofage.Thismovingnovelwillstaywithyoulongafteryoufinishreadingit.TwoCanKeepaSecretByKarenM.MeManusPutonyourcrime-solvingcapandgetsweptawayinthisthrilleraboutagirl,aboy,andastringofunsolvedmurders.Asthreatsandcluespileup,you’llbeburningthemidnightoiltryingtofinishthebookbeforedawn.DuneByFrankHerbertIftheStarWarsmovieshavemadeyoufallinlovewiththespaceopera,eventuallyyou'regoingtoreadFrankHerbert'smostfamouscreation.Thestoryofcenturies-oldpoliticalplotting—aboutwarringfactions(派系)battlingovercontroloftheextremelyvaluableplanetArrakis—isaclassicandremainsawonderfulintroductiontothelarger,morecomplexworldofsciencefictionjustbeyondtheStarWarstrilogies.16.Whichbooksareaboutgrowth?A.HowItFeelstoFloatandTwoCanKeepaSecret.B.BornaCrimeandHowItFeelstoFloat.C.TwoCanKeepaSecretandDune.D.HowItFeelstoFloatandDune.17.WhatisTwoCanKeepaSecretm