精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔傾情為你奉上專心專注專業(yè)專心專注專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔傾情為你奉上專心專注專業(yè)1.astronomy天文學(xué)astronomical天文的astronomicalobservatory天文臺(tái)astronomicalinstruments天文儀器astronomicaltelescope天文望遠(yuǎn)鏡astronomicalobservation天文觀測(cè)astronomicalunit天文單位planetarium天文館astronomer天文學(xué)家astrophysics天文物理學(xué)astrophysicist天文物理學(xué)家astrophotograph天體攝影影圖astrology占星學(xué)pseudoscience偽科學(xué)hidebound包緊的；思想狹隘的pinnacle(peak;summit;apex)巔；頂峰deviate偏離cosmos(universe)宇宙cosmology宇宙學(xué)infinite無限的cosmic宇宙的cosmicforce宇宙力cosmicdust宇宙塵cosmicnoise宇宙噪聲cosmicradiation宇宙輻射cosmicrays宇宙射線cosmicspeed宇宙速度celestial天的celestialbody(heavenlybody)天體celestialmap(skyatlas)天體團(tuán)celestialsphere天球celestialglobe天球儀terrestrial…地球儀celestialmechanics天體力學(xué)stellar星的nebula(復(fù)數(shù)nebulae或nebulas)星云nebular(nebulous)星云的；星云狀的dwarf(dwarfstar)矮星quasar類星體；類星射電源constellation星座planisphere平面天球圖,星座圖

galaxy(MilkyWay)銀河系observable可觀察到的cluster星團(tuán)solar太陽的solarsystem太陽系solarcorona日冕solarflare日輝；太陽耀斑solarprominence日珥solareclipse日食solarradiation太陽輻射planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星revolve旋轉(zhuǎn)；繞轉(zhuǎn)twinkle閃爍nakedeye肉眼Mercury水星Venus金星Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木星Saturn土星Uranus天王星Neptune海王星Pluto冥王星orbit軌道spin旋轉(zhuǎn)satellite衛(wèi)星lunar月球的lunareclipse月蝕lunarprobe月球探測(cè)器lunarastronaut(lunarnaut)登月宇航員lunarexcursionmodule登月艙lunarrover(lunarrovingvehicle;moonrover)月面車lunarscape(moonscape)月面景色phase月相；階段meteor流星meteorshower流星雨meteoroid流星體meteorite隕石comet彗星spacecraft(spaceship)宇宙飛船spacecapsule宇宙飛船座艙；航天艙spacelab太空實(shí)驗(yàn)室spaceman(astronaut;cosmonaut)宇航員；航天員spacesuit宇航服；航天服spaceshuttle航天飛機(jī)spacetelescope空間望遠(yuǎn)鏡2.geography地理geographer地理學(xué)家hemisphere半球northernandsouthernhemispheres北半球和南半球easternandwesternhemispheres東半球和西半球meridian子午線；經(jīng)線parallel平行圈；緯線latitude緯度highlatitudes高緯度地區(qū)lowlatitudes低緯度地區(qū)temperatelatitudes溫帶地區(qū)longitude經(jīng)度horizon地平線equator赤道Tropics熱帶地區(qū)Arctic北極Antarctic(Antarctica)南極expedition探險(xiǎn)zone氣候帶timezone時(shí)區(qū)topography地形plain平原plateau(highland)高地lowland低地basin盆地cavern(cave)洞穴terrain地域subterranean(underground)地底下coastland沿海地區(qū)island島嶼continentalisland地陸島volcanovolcanicisland火山島…eruptioncoralisland珊瑚島islet小島peninsular半島continent大陸continentalshelf大陸架ranges山脈valley峽谷canyon(谷底有溪澗流過的)峽谷channel(strait)海峽survey測(cè)繪elevation海拔altitude高度remote-sensing遙感的terrestrial地球的；陸地的globeterrestrialheat(geothermal;heatoftheearth’sinterior)地?zé)醫(yī)errestrialmagnetism地磁(geomagnetism)地磁3.Geology地質(zhì)學(xué)geologist(geologician)地質(zhì)學(xué)家geological(geologic)地質(zhì)學(xué)的geologicage(geologicaltime)地質(zhì)時(shí)代geologicmap地質(zhì)圖geologicalsurvey地質(zhì)調(diào)查geochronology地質(zhì)年代學(xué)geoscience(earthscience)地球科學(xué)crust地殼continentalcrust大陸地殼oceaniccrust海洋地殼layer(stratum;復(fù)數(shù)strata)地層mantle地幔core地核plate板塊platetectonics板塊構(gòu)造論fault斷層faultplane斷層面faultzone斷層帶rift(crack;split)斷裂disintegration(decomposition)分解erosion侵蝕fossil化石rock巖石igneousrock火成巖sedimentaryrock沉積巖metamorphicrock變質(zhì)巖quartz石英limestone石灰?guī)rmarble大理石granite花崗巖lithogenqus巖石成的lithosphere巖石圈magma巖漿prospect勘探sounding測(cè)探mine采礦mineral礦物ore礦石deposit礦床platinum白金；鉑copper黃銅aluminum鋁tin錫lead鉛unleadedzine鋅nickel鎳mercury(quicksilver)汞；水銀gem寶石diamond鉆石emerald綠寶石ruby紅寶石glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期glacialdrift冰磧iceberg冰山(ice)sheet冰原；冰蓋frigid(refrigerated;freezing)寒冷的plummet(氣溫)急劇下降thaw(melt)融化retreat后退terminate(end)結(jié)束volcano火山activevolcano活火山extinctvolcano死火山dormantvolcano休眠火山eruption火山噴發(fā)crater火山口lava火山巖漿scoria火山渣volcanic火山的volcanicdust火山塵volcanicash火山灰volcanicbombs火山彈seismology地震學(xué)magnitude震級(jí)epicenter震中hypocenter(focus)震源cataclysm災(zāi)變4.ECOLOGY生態(tài)學(xué)ecological生態(tài)的ecologicalcondition生態(tài)環(huán)境ecologicaldisaster生態(tài)禍害ecologist生態(tài)學(xué)家ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)balance(ofnature)自然界生態(tài)平衡ecosphere(biosphere)生態(tài)圈ecocide生態(tài)滅絕preservation（對(duì)自然區(qū)等的）保護(hù)fauna動(dòng)物群flora植物群rainforest雨林afforestation植樹造林foodchain食物鏈environment環(huán)境environmental環(huán)境的environmentalpollution環(huán)境污染environmentalprotection環(huán)境保護(hù)environmentalsanitation環(huán)境衛(wèi)生(environmental)sanitaryengineers環(huán)衛(wèi)工人（工程師）environmentalist環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者acidrain酸雨greenhouseeffect溫室效應(yīng)infraredradiation紅外線輻射ozonelayer(ozonosphere)臭氧層ultravioletradiation紫外線輻射pollution污染pollutioncontrol污染控制airpollution空氣控制pollutionelimination污染消除pollutionindex污染指數(shù)airpollution空氣污染waterpollution水污染noisepollution噪音污染soilpollution土壤污染pollution-free無污染pollutant污染物noxious(toxic)有毒的fumes(有毒)廢氣waste廢物wasteheat廢熱wastewater廢水solidwaste固體垃圾sewage(wastewater)污水domesticsewage生活污水sewagepurification污水凈化sewagedisposal污水處理sewageplant污水處理工廠decibel（噪音）分貝abate(reduce)減少abound大量存在補(bǔ)充：airmonitoring空氣監(jiān)測(cè)airpollution空氣污染alternativen.二中擇一,可供選擇的辦法,事物adj.選擇性的,二中擇一的atmosphere大氣,空氣,氣氛balance(ofnature)自然界生態(tài)平衡burningofcoalandoil煤油燃燒carbon碳,(一張)復(fù)寫紙carbondioxiderelease二氧化碳排放dioxide二氧化物cleanup清除干凈climate氣候,風(fēng)土,思潮climaticchange長(zhǎng)期的氣候變化coal.煤v.加煤coalification煤化deforest濫伐森林desertification沙漠化deteriorate惡化disposal廢物處理drought干旱ecologist生態(tài)學(xué)家ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)elNi?o厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象emission(汽車廢氣的)排放energyconservation保護(hù)能源energysource能源資源solarenergy太陽能tidalenergy潮汐能 fuel-efficient節(jié)能型的nonrenewable不可再生的 EnvironmentalAwarenessClubexhaustfumes廢氣fauna動(dòng)物群flora植物群foodchain食物鏈flood洪水fossilfuel礦物燃料fuel-efficient節(jié)能型的fumes（有毒）廢氣garbage垃圾,廢物gas氣體,煤氣,毒氣,汽油,[礦]瓦斯globalwarminggreenhouseeffect溫室效應(yīng)ice-cap冰帽industrialsewage工業(yè)污水infraredradiation紅外線輻射litter/trashgarbage垃圾melt融化noisepollution噪音污染non-renewable不可更新的noxious(toxic)有毒的offshorespillage近海岸溢出ozonelayer(ozonosphere)臭氧層pollute/pollutant污染物pollutioncontrol污染控制pollution污染pollution-free無污染preservation保存processofphotosynthesis光合作用purify凈化rainforest雨林recycle回收利用recyclingcenter再循環(huán)利用中心recycling再循環(huán)resource能源riseinsealevel海平面上升rushhour高峰期sewage(wastewater)污水sewagedisposal污水處理sewagepurification污水凈化sewage污水soilpollution土壤污染solarenergy太陽能solidwaste固體廢物soot煙塵tidalenergy潮汐能trafficjam交通堵塞trashbag垃圾袋ultravioletradiation紫外線輻射upperatmosphere上層大氣waste廢物wastewater廢水waterpollution水污染watershortage水源缺乏wildness野生/天然zeroemission零輻射5.BIOLOGY生物evolution進(jìn)化Darwinism達(dá)爾文學(xué)說species物種specimen樣本，標(biāo)本naturalselection自然選擇biologicalvacuum生物演變真空期survival生存thwart(block;obstruct)阻礙reverse逆向；倒退degeneration(devolution)退化alga(復(fù)數(shù)algae)藻類invertebrate無脊椎動(dòng)物aquatic(life)水生動(dòng)物reptile爬行動(dòng)物dinosaur恐龍bird鳥類extinction滅絕mammal哺乳動(dòng)物primates靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物

class綱

order目

family科

genus屬

suborder亞目

species種

insect昆蟲

antenna(復(fù)數(shù)antennae)觸須

larva幼蟲，幼體

camouflage偽裝

pest害蟲

worm蟲，蠕蟲

hibernate冬眠

lizard蜥蜴

chameleon變色蜥蜴

regeneration再生

turtle龜

beast野獸

domesticate馴養(yǎng)

predatory(carnivorous)食肉的

predator捕食者

prey（動(dòng)詞）捕食

（名詞）被捕食的動(dòng)物

scavenger食腐動(dòng)物

migrate遷移

wing翅膀，翼

bill（鳥）嘴

beak（鷹等的）嘴

nest筑巢

dolphin海豚

whale鯨魚

bat蝙蝠

gorilla大猩猩

chimpanzee黑猩猩

habitat棲息地

rodent嚙齒動(dòng)物（如松鼠）

primate靈長(zhǎng)動(dòng)物

plankton浮游生物

mollusk軟件動(dòng)物

coelenterate腔腸動(dòng)物（如珊瑚）

shrimp小蝦prawn對(duì)蝦lobster對(duì)蝦

crab螃蟹

clam蛤蜊

sponge海綿

coral珊瑚

starfish海星

canary金絲雀

chirp(鳥，蟲的叫聲)唧唧

squeak（老鼠等）吱吱

porpoise海豚

sloth樹懶

slothful懶惰的

hygiene衛(wèi)生sanitation衛(wèi)生

parasite寄生蟲

moth蛾

caterpillar毛蟲

hordes(昆蟲等)群swarms(昆蟲等)群

flock（鳥，羊等）群

herd獸群

bunch（花等）束，捧

beaver海貍community動(dòng)物的群落或人的部落

monogamous一夫一妻的polygamous一夫多妻的，一雄多雌的

polyandrous一妻多夫的，一雌多雄的

trapper誘捕動(dòng)物者

rhinoceros犀牛

niche小生態(tài)環(huán)境

vestige退化器官，遺跡

oyster牡蠣

fertilizer使…受精

larvae幼蟲

tentacle觸角

homotherm恒溫動(dòng)物

poikilotherm變溫動(dòng)物

metabolism新陳代謝

baboon狒狒

breed(名詞)品種，（動(dòng)詞）繁殖

multiply（reproduce）繁殖

hatch孵

spawn(魚、蝦、蛙等)孵

offspring(young)解剖學(xué)

anatomy解剖學(xué)

appetite食欲

creature生物

microbe微生物

herbivorous食草的

carnivorous食肉的

omnivorous雜食的insect昆蟲antenna(復(fù)數(shù)antennae)觸須compoundeye復(fù)眼thorax胸部wing翅膀larva幼蟲；幼體camouflage偽裝beneficial有益的pest害蟲pesticideworm蟲；蠕蟲flatworm扁蟲（低等蠕蟲）roundworm蛔蟲；線蟲segmented(worm)分節(jié)的parasite寄生蟲snake蛇viper蝰蛇adder小毒蛇rattlesnake響尾蛇cobra眼鏡蛇venom毒液fang毒牙m(xù)olt蛻皮coil盤繞hibernate冬眠lizard蜥蜴chameleon變色蜥蜴caterpillarregeneration再生crocodile鱷魚alligator美洲鱷turtle龜beast野獸domesticate馴養(yǎng)domesticationpre’datory(carnivorous)食肉的scavenger食腐動(dòng)物falcon隼m(xù)igrate遷移wing翅膀；翼bill（鳥）嘴beak（鷹等的）嘴nest筑巢nestleperch（鳥）飛落；暫棲flocktohabitatmolt（鳥）脫羽毛dolphin海豚whale鯨魚bat蝙蝠echolocation聲波定位anthropoidape類人猿gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee黑猩猩baboonprimitive(men)原始的civilized(men)文明的diversity品種多樣gregarious(social)群居的habitat棲息地breed（名詞）品種；（動(dòng)物）繁殖multiply(reproduce)繁殖mating交配hatch孵spawn（魚、蛙等）產(chǎn)卵offspring(young)后代botany植物學(xué)botanist植物學(xué)家botanical(botanic)植物的plant植物seedplant種子植物gardenplant園藝植物…ingtoolstropicalplant熱帶植物grasslandplant草原植物tundraplant凍原植物desertplant沙漠植物alpineplant高山植物marshplant沼澤植物aquaticplant水生植物parasiticplant寄生植物hostplantroot根stemmeshwork網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)canopy樹冠層；頂蓬foliage(leaf)葉leaflet小葉rosette(葉的)叢生stem莖stalk桿leafstalk葉柄shoot(sprout)嫩芽；抽枝flower花bud花蕾blossompetal花瓣wilt,fade枯萎，凋謝flesh果肉stone果核core果心kernel果仁peel(skin)果皮shell(硬)果殼husk(干)果殼；（玉米）苞葉trunk樹干branch樹枝bough大或粗樹枝twig小樹枝bark樹皮jungle叢林blade(ofgrass)一片草葉tuft一叢草lawn草坪meadow草地；牧場(chǎng)prairie大草原shrub(bush)灌木cluster一簇（灌木）vine藤liana藤本植物fern蕨類植物herb芳草herbalteaphotosynthesis光合作用symbiosis共生autotrophic自養(yǎng)的heterotrophic異養(yǎng)的wither(shrivel;fade)凋謝wiltdieback頂死；回枯pollen花粉pollinate傳授花粉pollination傳粉；已授粉狀態(tài)nectar花蜜微生物學(xué)microbiologybacteria細(xì)菌bacterium(pl.bacteria)細(xì)菌disinfection消毒enzymes酵母fermentation發(fā)酵inflection傳染(感染)microbe微生物microorganism微生物sterilization滅菌toxin毒素virus病毒生物化學(xué)aminoacids氨基酸carbohydrate碳水化合物carbondioxide二氧化碳glucose葡萄糖organism有機(jī)物oxidation氧化protein蛋白質(zhì)6.sociology社會(huì)學(xué)interrelation相互關(guān)系（聯(lián)系）civilization文明civilized文明的brute-like野蠻的community社區(qū)；社會(huì)organization(association)組織institution機(jī)構(gòu)settlement定居；居民點(diǎn)custom風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣indigenous當(dāng)?shù)氐?；土生土長(zhǎng)的predecessor前任incumbent現(xiàn)任monarchy君主制abhorrence憎惡；討厭empire帝國(guó)anarchism無政府主義federalsystem聯(lián)邦制presidentialsystem總統(tǒng)制Congress美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)HouseofSenate參議院HouseofRepresentatives眾議院Demography人口（統(tǒng)計(jì)）學(xué)demographer人口學(xué)家ethnic(racial)種族的ethic道德的poll民意調(diào)查pollster民意調(diào)查人questionnaire問題單；調(diào)查表respondent民意調(diào)查對(duì)象census人口調(diào)查（普查）casestudy個(gè)案研究etiquette禮儀netiquettebusinessetiquette商業(yè)禮儀protocol（外交）禮節(jié)courtesy有禮貌的舉止manners(conduct)舉止；禮貌officemanners辦公室禮儀solitude孤獨(dú)isolationcompanion伙伴sociable善于交際ethics(morality)道德observe(abideby)遵守violate(breach)違反；破壞reciprocate(reward)報(bào)答wealth財(cái)富affluent(rich;wealthy)富裕的poverty貧困inequality不平等discontent不滿grumbling(complaint)抱怨enmity(hatred)仇視slander污蔑libel誹謗rebellion反叛conflict(clash)沖突crash=collidediscord(disagreement)不和harmony和睦stability穩(wěn)定7.TRAFFIC/COMMUNICATION交通與通信traffic交通trafficsing交通標(biāo)志trafficsignal交通信號(hào)trafficmarking交通（道路）標(biāo)線trafficregulation交通規(guī)則trafficemergency交通緊急情況trafficcongestion(jam)交通阻塞transport(動(dòng)詞)運(yùn)輸transportation(名詞)運(yùn)輸；運(yùn)輸工具vehicle交通工具；車輛prototype原型wagon(carriage)馬車；篷車vessel船；容器automobile(auto;car)汽車taxicab(cab;taxi)出租汽車bus公共汽車truck卡車van運(yùn)貨車motorcycle摩托車bicycle(bike)自行車pedal腳蹬；踏板handbar車把gear齒輪；（排）檔engine引擎；發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)gasolineengine汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)dieselengine柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)internalcombustion內(nèi)燃cylinder汽缸piston活塞tank油箱lubrication潤(rùn)滑brake（名詞）閘；（動(dòng)詞）剎車exhaust（名詞和動(dòng)詞）排氣emission散發(fā)；排出（動(dòng)詞emit）fume廢氣assemble裝配service(maintenance)維修mechanic機(jī)修工garage車庫license執(zhí)照parking執(zhí)照parking停車parkinglot停車場(chǎng)parkingmeter汽車停放計(jì)時(shí)器（收費(fèi)機(jī)）highway公路ramp（公路不同水平面之間的）斜坡toll通行費(fèi)driveway私人車道interchange交換道cloverleaf四葉式立體交叉intersection道路交叉口lane車道avenue(thoroughfare)馬路；街boulevard林蔭大道pedestrian（路上的）行人passer-by（走過的）行人passenger乘客crosswalk（穿馬路）人行橫道sidewalk（馬路旁）人行道subterranean(underground)地底下overpass天橋railroad鐵路track軌道platform站臺(tái)locomotive火車頭switch扳道；道岔car車廂commuter（來往于市郊之間）旅客haul拖；拉；運(yùn)送freight貨物；貨運(yùn)container集裝箱subway地鐵token專用輔幣turnstile旋轉(zhuǎn)柵門rumble隆隆聲waterway水路raft木筏canoe獨(dú)木舟ship船；艦sailing航海；張帆航行Viking斯堪的納維亞人；北歐海盜cargo貨物barge駁船tanker油船steamboat汽船；輪船oceanliner遠(yuǎn)洋輪submarine潛水艇ferry渡船oar槳paddle（名詞）短漿；（動(dòng)詞）用槳?jiǎng)漴ow劃船steer掌舵；駕駛bow(prow)船首stern船尾port左舷starboard右舷deck甲板onboard(aboard)在船上；在汽車、火車、飛機(jī)上navigate航行（海、河、空中）log航海日志wreck沉船；殘骸salvage(名詞或動(dòng)詞)打撈airplane(aircraft)飛機(jī)airliner航空班機(jī)supersonic超音速jet噴氣式飛機(jī)jetlag時(shí)差綜合癥runway機(jī)場(chǎng)跑道pilot飛行員crew全體機(jī)務(wù)人員；全體船員helicopter直升飛機(jī)vertical垂直的rotor旋翼hover空中盤旋rescue營(yíng)救inaccessible難以到達(dá)（進(jìn)入）的compass指南針aeronautical航空的aviation飛行；航空業(yè)communication通訊；信息telecommunication電信；長(zhǎng)途通信gesture手勢(shì)printing印刷postal郵政的postage郵資postmark蓋郵戳telegraph電報(bào)code密碼decode解密transmitter發(fā)報(bào)機(jī)cable電纜telephone(phone)電話telephoneexchange電話局pager(beeper)拷機(jī)；BP機(jī)handset耳機(jī)；聽筒dial撥電話operator接線員phonograph留聲機(jī)digital數(shù)字的；數(shù)字顯示式videotape錄像帶telex電傳fax傳真radio無線電；收音機(jī)portability便于攜帶broadcasting電臺(tái)廣播frequency頻率entertainment娛樂disjockey(DJ)音樂唱片節(jié)目播音員newscast新聞節(jié)目talkshow訪談節(jié)目host(訪談)節(jié)目主持人；（女主持人hostess）announcer節(jié)目報(bào)告員；時(shí)事評(píng)論員；比賽講解員walkie-talkie步話機(jī)remotecontrol遙控studio播音室；演播室soundproof隔音controlpanel控制盤gauge儀表television電視subscriptiontelevision收費(fèi)電視closed-circuittelevision閉路電視direct——broadcastsatellite(DBS)system衛(wèi)星直播telecast(動(dòng)詞)電視廣播；（名詞）電視廣播節(jié)目live現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播relay轉(zhuǎn)播zoom（可變焦距鏡頭）推近或拉遠(yuǎn)piecemeal零碎地；一個(gè)個(gè)地screen屏幕antenna天線confines(boundary)限制；邊界linger延續(xù)；逗留8.PSYCHOLOGY心理學(xué)appliedpsychology應(yīng)用心理學(xué)psychologist心理學(xué)家psychiatrist精神病醫(yī)師,精神病學(xué)家psychological心理的psychologicaltest心理測(cè)試psychologicalmoment心理最佳時(shí)刻psychologicalwarfare心理戰(zhàn)psychotherapy心理療法conformity一致；符合；從眾majority多數(shù)人mental精神的minority少數(shù)人physical軀體的，物質(zhì)的，物理的mental心理的spiritual精神的；心靈的subject受實(shí)驗(yàn)物件；學(xué)科thresholdjudgment（心理學(xué)）初始性判斷behavior行為behavior行為的behavioralpattern行為模式deportment(demeanor)行為舉止；風(fēng)度factor因素elementcause起因aspect方面motive動(dòng)機(jī)modify(動(dòng)詞)矯正；修改negativedisplacementpositive…modification(名詞)矯正overt公開的extrovertedcovert隱蔽的learning學(xué)習(xí)cognitive認(rèn)識(shí)過程的；認(rèn)識(shí)能力的empirical經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；以經(jīng)驗(yàn)為依據(jù)的conditioning條件作用association聯(lián)想；觀念的聯(lián)合retarded智力遲鈍的intelligencequotient(IQ)智商arithmetic算術(shù),算法mentalage智力年齡；心理年齡chronologicalage實(shí)齡chronicle.編年史v.編入編年史voluntary自愿的involuntary本能的；非自愿的functionalism機(jī)能心理學(xué)psychoanalysis精神分析法freudjungdisplacementunconscious潛意識(shí)的subconscious下意識(shí)；instinct本能ego自我psychiatry精神病學(xué)psychiatrist精神病學(xué)家psychiatric精神病學(xué)的mentallyill精神疾患mentaldisorder心理紊亂（失調(diào)）hormonelevelsabnormal不正常的abnormalpsychology(psychopathology)變態(tài)心理學(xué)耶洗別jezebel無恥放蕩的女人，惡毒的女人irrational不合情理的neuro-sis神經(jīng)機(jī)能病neurotic神經(jīng)官能癥患者psychosis神經(jīng)錯(cuò)亂psychotic患精神病的insane(mad;lunatic)精神失常flyingovercockoo’snestdelusion妄想；錯(cuò)覺hysteria歇斯底里；癔病phobia恐懼癥mania狂躁paranoia妄想；多疑diffusionofresponsibility9.PHYSIOLOGY生理學(xué)physiologist生理學(xué)家anatomy解剖學(xué)；人體結(jié)構(gòu)autopsy(postmortemexamination)（尸體）解剖dissect(anatomize)解剖scalpel解剖刀cell細(xì)胞tissue組織organ器官organsystem器官系統(tǒng)digestivesystem消化系統(tǒng)intakeingest攝入（食物）saliva唾液intestine(bowel)腸smallintestine小腸largeintestine大腸abdomen腹部anus肛門excrete排泄pancreas胰腺bile膽汁gallbladder膽囊skeletalsystem骨骼系統(tǒng)skeleton骨骼skull頭顱rib肋骨spine脊椎muscularsystem肌肉系統(tǒng)muscle肌肉musclefiber肌纖維voluntarymuscle隨意??；橫紋肌involuntarymuscle(smoothmuscle)平滑肌contract收縮cramp(spasm)痙攣；抽筋respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)syndromenostril鼻孔windpipe氣管lung肺exhale呼氣inhale吸氣pulmonary肺的circulatorysystem循環(huán)系統(tǒng)cardiology心臟病學(xué)arteriosclerosis動(dòng)脈硬化(blood)vessel血管artery動(dòng)脈vein靜脈capillary毛細(xì)管plasma血漿liver肝臟metabolism新陳代謝urinarysystem泌尿系統(tǒng)urinarybladder膀胱kidney腎臟nephron腎單位reproductivesystem生殖系統(tǒng)reproduction生殖puberty發(fā)育期egg卵sperm精子uterus(womb)子宮fertilize使受精chromosome染色體pregnant懷孕g(shù)ene基因geneticallyembryo胚胎fetus胎兒insemination授精endocrinesystem內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)gland腺hormone荷爾蒙secrete分泌nervoussystem神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)centralnervoussystem中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)neuron神經(jīng)細(xì)胞；神經(jīng)元reflex條件反射neuroscience(neurobiology)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)（神經(jīng)生物學(xué)）10.FOOD食品foodchain食物鏈healthfood(greenfoodstuff)保健食品（綠色食品）conveniencefood方便食品edible可食用的inedible不可食用的diet日常飲食dietary飲食的FDA(theFoodandDrugAdministration)食品及藥物管理局vegetarian素食cereal(grain)谷類食物flour面粉bread面包pastry面點(diǎn)心pista面條類食品yeast(leaven;ferment)（名詞）酵母；（動(dòng)物）發(fā)酵fruit水果salad色拉meat葷食darkmeatbeef牛肉(beef)steak牛排；魚排pork豬肉mutton羊肉poultry家禽dairy奶制品butter黃油cheese奶酪cream奶油icecream冰淇淋yogurt酸奶nutrient營(yíng)養(yǎng)（成分）carbohydrate(starch)碳水化合物（淀粉）；糖類glucose葡萄糖fructose果糖maltose麥芽糖starch淀粉fat脂肪fat-free不含脂肪的theleastfattening,ofcourseprotein蛋白質(zhì)vitamin維生素calorie卡（路里）nourishing(nutritious)有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的malnourished營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良nutrition營(yíng)養(yǎng)process加工raw未加工的；生的preserve保存additive添加劑packaging包裝vacuumpacking真空包裝restaurant飯館fast-foodrestaurant(snackbar)快餐部coffeeshop咖啡館；小吃店cafeteria自助餐館menu菜譜bar酒吧beverage飲料wine葡萄酒liquor烈性酒alcoholic含酒精的non-alcoholic不含酒精或不喝酒的meal一餐；粗磨粉oatmeal燕麥片（粉）buffet(meal)自助餐egg（雞）蛋friedegg(sunny-sideup;over)荷包蛋（單煎一面；煎兩面）scrambledegg炒雞蛋poachedegg水煮荷包蛋hamandeggs(bacon;sausage)火腿蛋（熏咸肉；香腸）appetizer開胃食品course一道菜dessert甜食refreshments茶點(diǎn)；點(diǎn)心banquet宴會(huì)cuisine烹調(diào)recipe食譜；配方spice(seasoning)香料；調(diào)味品spread涂抹食品的醬dressing填餡；調(diào)料icing蛋糕糖衣bake烘（糕點(diǎn)等）roast烤（肉等）barbecue燒烤broil(grill)（在烤架等上面）烤toast烤（面包）stew(simmer)燉；燜gourmet美食家connoisseur鑒賞家11.PERSONALITY個(gè)性character性格characteristic(trait)特性；特征；特點(diǎn)disposition(nature)性情；性格temperament氣質(zhì)；稟性introvert內(nèi)向的extrovert外向的innate(born)天生的sanguine(optimistic)樂觀的；樂天的cheerful(joyful;joyous)歡樂的jubilant(exultant;rejoiced)喜悅的；喜氣洋洋的ardent(fervent;passionate)熱忱的enthusiastic(warmhearted;zealous)熱心的；熱情的sociable(social)愛交際的courteous有禮貌的cordial(hearty;genial)熱誠的；友善的candid(frank;straightforward)坦率的；直截了當(dāng)?shù)膖rustworthy(reliable;dependable)可信任的ingenuous單純的；天真無邪的considerate(thoughtful)體貼的；考慮周到的hospitable殷勤好客的charitable(bountiful;generous)慈善的；慷慨的altruistic(unselfish)利他（主義）的sympathetic(compassionate)同情的；憐憫的benevolent(humane;philanthropic)仁慈的；人道（主義）的knowledgeable(erudite)知識(shí)淵博的；有見識(shí)的intelligent(smart;bright)聰明的shrewd(sharp-minded)精明的humorous幽默的witty機(jī)靈的；愛說風(fēng)趣話的versatile(many-sided;multifaceted)多才多藝的prodigy(talent)天才（尤指神童）assiduous(diligent;arduous;laborious)勤奮的；努力的ingenious(clever)心靈手巧的judicious(wise;sensible)明智的frugal(thrifty;economical)勤儉節(jié)約的inquisitive(curious)好奇的；愛打聽的officious(prying)好管閑事的intrusive(obtrusive)打擾人的；闖入的impetuous(hasty)急躁的；魯莽的impulsive(rash)動(dòng)的；莽撞的whimsical(odd;eccentric)多怪念頭的；古怪的fanatic狂熱的mischievous調(diào)皮的；惡意的skeptical(dubious;doubtful;suspicious)懷疑的reluctant(loath)不愿意的vigilant(alert;watchful;wary)警覺的incredulous(unbelieving)不輕信的cautious(careful;prudent)謹(jǐn)慎的scrupulous(discreet)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膔eticent(quiet;silent)緘默的composed(cool;calm;self-controlled)鎮(zhèn)靜的reserved(restrained)拘謹(jǐn)?shù)?；有克制的melancholy(moody)憂郁的sullen(gloomy;morose;dismal)抑郁的；沉悶的depressed(dejected)壓抑的frustrated(disappointed)沮喪的disillusioned失望的；幻想破滅的dispirited(down-hearted)情緒低落的remorseful(regretful)悔恨的pessimistic悲觀的anxious(uneasy;care-ridden)憂慮的timid(cowardly)膽小的insular(narrow-minded)狹隘的dependent依賴的docile(obedient)順從的humble(unpretentious)謙恭的sluggish(inactive;inert)無生氣的listless(languid)沒精打采的；興味索然的stubborn(obstinate)頑固的persistent(persevering)堅(jiān)持不懈的adamant(dogged;insistent;unbending)堅(jiān)定不移的indomitable(tenacious)不屈不饒的defiant(disobedient;challenging)公然不服從的conceited(proud)驕傲的haughty(arrogant;supercilious)高傲的dominant(governing)支配的；統(tǒng)治的domineering(overbearing;tyrannical)盛氣凌人的；專橫的presumptuous(daring;audacious)放肆的；膽大妄為的imprudent(indiscreet;heedless)魯莽的；厚顏的extravagant(lavish)奢移的aggressive(quarrelsome;belligerent)侵略的；挑釁的ferocious(fierce)兇猛的hostile(unfriendly)敵視的sadistic虐待狂的impertinent(rude;insolent)粗魯?shù)?；無理的offensive(irritating;annoying)冒犯的；惱人的bad-tempered(ill-humored)壞脾氣的relentless(unrelenting)無情的reckless(heedless)不顧后果的fraudulent(deceitful;dishonest)欺詐的；騙人的volatile(fickle;capricious;frivolous)多變的；反復(fù)無常的spiteful(hurtful,malicious)惡毒的wicked(evil;vile)邪惡的selfish(egoistic)自私的narcissistic自我陶醉的avaricious(rapacious;greedy)貪婪的stingy(miserly)吝嗇的snobbish勢(shì)利的hypocritical(insincere)虛偽的foolish(silly;stupid)愚蠢的ill-advised(unwise)不明智的clumsy(awkward)笨拙的ignorant(uninformed)無知的incompetent(incapable;unfit)無能的；不勝任的irresponsible(untrustworthy;unreliable)不負(fù)責(zé)任的；不可靠的negligent(neglectful)玩忽職守的neutral中性的；中立的placid(mild)溫和的；寧靜的apathetic(indifferent;unconcerned)冷漠的detached(impartial)不偏不倚的disinterested(fair;unbiased;unprejudiced)公正的12.MEDICINE醫(yī)學(xué)medicinal藥的；藥用的medicinalherb草藥medical醫(yī)學(xué)的；內(nèi)科的medicalcare(treatment)醫(yī)療medicalcertificate醫(yī)生證明medication(medicine;drug)藥物tablet(pill;capsule)藥片（藥丸、膠囊）remedy(therapy)療法injection注射anesthetic(narcotic)麻醉劑hypnosis催眠術(shù)surgery外科手術(shù)antibiotic抗生素antiviral抗病毒藥antitumordrug抗腫瘤藥；抗癌藥sulfa磺胺類藥analgesic(pain-killer)鎮(zhèn)痛藥tranquilizer鎮(zhèn)靜劑opiate鎮(zhèn)靜劑；麻醉劑contraceptive避孕藥tonic補(bǔ)藥lotion藥水ointment藥膏elixir(panacea;cure-all)萬靈藥euthanasia(mercykilling)安樂死administer服用（藥物）potency(efficacy)藥力physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生surgeon外科醫(yī)生pediatrician兒科醫(yī)生dentist(dentalsurgeon)牙科醫(yī)生gerontologist老年病醫(yī)生dietician營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家therapist(某種療法制)治療專家radiologist放射科醫(yī)生anesthetist麻醉師pharmacist(druggist)藥劑師practitioner（私人）開業(yè)醫(yī)生veterinarian獸醫(yī)diagnosis診斷prescription開藥方dispensary(pharmacy)藥房emergency(first)aid急救ailing(ill;sick)生病contract染病afflict使受（疾?。┲鄐ymptom癥狀coma(unconsciousness;faint)昏厥indigestion消化不良nauseate(vomit)嘔吐diarrhea瀉肚injury(cut;wound)受傷bruise淤傷；青腫hemorrhage(bleeding)出血disabled(handicapped)殘廢cripple(limp;lame)跛足myopia(nearsightedness)近視眼levophobia恐左癥incurable(fatal)無法治愈的；致命的leukemia白血病AIDS愛滋病syphillis梅毒cancer癌癥carcinogen致癌物benign良性malignant惡性epidemic流行病endemic地方流行的（?。﹊ncidence發(fā)病率toll傷亡；死亡influenza(flu)流感measles麻疹malaria瘧疾cholera霍亂yellowfever黃熱病infection感染infectious傳染的contagious（接觸）傳染的contaminate污染；感染inflammation炎癥microorganism(germ;bacteria)微生物；細(xì)菌virus病毒susceptible易患（某種）疾病chickenpox水痘mumps腮腺炎tuberculosis肺炎hepatitis肝炎polio脊髓灰質(zhì)炎；小兒麻痹癥schistosomiasis(snailfever)血吸蟲病noninfectious非感染性cardiovascular心血管的hypertension(highbloodpressure)高血壓heartattack心力衰竭；心臟病發(fā)作stroke中風(fēng)electrocardiograph心電圖arthritis關(guān)節(jié)炎rheumatism風(fēng)濕病diabetes糖尿病bronchitis支氣管炎anemia貧血insomnia失眠癥obesity肥胖癥allergy過敏asthma氣喘；哮喘appendicitis闌尾炎chronic慢性acute急性hygiene衛(wèi)生；保健學(xué)sanitary衛(wèi)生的；有益于健康的inspect（食品等的）檢查immunization免疫vaccination疫苗complication并發(fā)癥incubator（嬰兒）恒溫箱13.MATHEMATICS數(shù)學(xué)puremathematics純粹數(shù)學(xué)appliedmathematics應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)mathematician數(shù)學(xué)家arithmetic算術(shù)calculation計(jì)算calculator計(jì)算器abacus算盤numeral數(shù)字sum和total(sumtotal)總和；總數(shù)aggregate總計(jì)fraction分?jǐn)?shù)；小數(shù)decimal十進(jìn)位；（十進(jìn)）小數(shù)digit數(shù)字；數(shù)位percentage百分比addition加法plus加以subtraction減法minus減去multiplication乘法multiplicationtable乘法表multiply乘以times（介詞）乘以power乘方square平方division除法divide除以over(介詞)除以denominator分母numerator分子quotient商remainder余數(shù)algebra代數(shù)quantity表示量的數(shù)（或符號(hào)）unknownquantity未知數(shù)（量）equation方程式；等式formula(復(fù)數(shù)formulasformulae)公式root根squareroot平方根cuberoot立方根geometry幾何planegeometry平面幾何solidgeometry立體幾何geometric幾何的dimension維parallel（形容詞）平行的；（名詞）平行線perpendicular(vertical)垂直的quadrilateral四邊形square正方形area面積rectangle(oblong)長(zhǎng)方形；矩形polygon多邊形rhombus菱形；菱形六面體trapezoid梯形cube立方形volume體積sphere球形circle圓形ellipse(oval)橢圓形cone圓錐形circumference圓周diameter直徑radius半徑trigonometry三角學(xué)triangle三角形equilateraltriangle等邊三角形angle角rightangle直角acuteangle銳角obtuseangle鈍角degree（角）度calculus微積分differentialcalculus微分學(xué)integralcalculus積分學(xué)function函數(shù)probability概率statistics統(tǒng)計(jì)tabulating列表quantitative量的；數(shù)量的qualitative質(zhì)的；質(zhì)量的summarization總結(jié)；歸納sample抽樣random隨機(jī)的；任意的logic邏輯deduction(inference)推論；演繹induction歸納14.HI-TECH高科技hi-tech(hightech;hightechnology)高科技sophisticated(advanced)先進(jìn)的precision精密；精確breakthrough突破；重大發(fā)現(xiàn)（發(fā)明）electronicproducts電子產(chǎn)品electroniccontrol電子控制electronicrobot電子機(jī)器人electroniccamera電子攝像electronicorgan電子琴electronichearingaid電子助聽器electronmicroscope電子顯微鏡electronicbrain(computer)電腦electronicmail(E-mail)電子郵件Internet電腦互聯(lián)網(wǎng)絡(luò)；因特網(wǎng)WorldWideWebWWW網(wǎng)絡(luò)modem調(diào)制——解調(diào)器on-lineservice網(wǎng)上服務(wù)microcomputer微型電腦microprocessor微處理機(jī)videophone可視電話videotex視傳cellularphone(telephone)大哥大；移動(dòng)電話cordlesstelephone無繩電話digitaltelevision數(shù)字電視microwaveradar微波雷達(dá)comsat(communicationssatellite)通訊衛(wèi)星microwaveoven微波爐laser激光compactdisc(disk)激光唱片；光盤CD-ROM光盤只讀存儲(chǔ)器videodisc(laserdisc)影碟opticalfiber光學(xué)纖維fiber-opticcable光纖電纜fiber-opticcommunicationsystem光纖通訊系統(tǒng)nuclearfuel核燃料nuclearsubmarine核潛艇solarcollector(furnace)太陽能收集器solarcell太陽電池synthetic（名詞）合成物counterpart對(duì)應(yīng)的物或人syntheticresin合成樹脂syntheticrubber合成橡膠geneticengineering基因工程DNA脫氧核糖核酸organtransplanting器官移值artificialinsemination人工授精clone克??；復(fù)制15.EDUCATION教育preschool(preelementary)education學(xué)齡前兒童教育secondaryeducation中等教育tertiary(higher)education高等教育adulteducation(continuingeducation)成人教育specialeducation特殊教育education教育的educationalfacilities教育設(shè)施compulsory義務(wù)的；強(qiáng)制的intellectual智力的humanresourcedevelopment(training)人才開發(fā)；培訓(xùn)acquisition獲得moralcharacter道德品質(zhì) domain領(lǐng)域 nursery托兒所kindergarten幼兒園elementaryschool小學(xué)middleschool初中highschool高中vocationalhighschool職業(yè)學(xué)校technicalhighschool技校institutionofhigherlearning(education)高等學(xué)校university大學(xué)college(獨(dú)立的或大學(xué)的)學(xué)院communitycollege社區(qū)大學(xué)institute（專科）學(xué)院；研究院department系campus校園catering(meals)膳食accommodation（lodging）住宿grader某年級(jí)學(xué)生freshman（大學(xué)和高中）一年級(jí)學(xué)生sophomore（大學(xué)和高中）二年級(jí)學(xué)生junior（大學(xué)和高中）三年級(jí)學(xué)生senior（大學(xué)和高中）四年級(jí)學(xué)生undergraduate本科生graduate(student)研究生fellow（大學(xué)接受獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的）研究生academic學(xué)術(shù)的academicperformance學(xué)習(xí)/業(yè)表現(xiàn)transcript學(xué)生成績(jī)報(bào)告單credit(credithour)學(xué)分grade(score)分?jǐn)?shù)；分?jǐn)?shù)等級(jí)gradepoint積分點(diǎn)grade-pointaverage平均積分點(diǎn)pass-failoption考查課graduationthesis(paper)畢業(yè)論文completion(ofstudies)完成學(xué)業(yè)satisfy(fulfil;meet)therequirements達(dá)到要求（考試及格）commencement(graduation)exercise畢業(yè)典禮enrollment招生admission錄取admissionsoffice招生辦公室entranceexamination入學(xué)考試ScholasticAptitudeTest(SAT)學(xué)習(xí)能力傾向測(cè)驗(yàn)recipient接受者semester(term)學(xué)期quarter學(xué)季summersession夏季班tuition學(xué)費(fèi)tuitionwaiver學(xué)費(fèi)豁免catalog大學(xué)情況一覽applicationform申請(qǐng)表格non-refundable不退還的prospective未來的；即將成為的financialaid(assistance)資助stipend獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金scholarship（本科生）獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金fellowship（研究生）獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金assistantship（半工半讀）獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金program教學(xué)計(jì)劃；課程discipline學(xué)科liberalarts(humanities)文科sciencecourse理科engineeringcourse工科curriculum全部課程extracurricular課外的syllabus教學(xué)大綱vacation(holiday)假日course課程introductorycourse基礎(chǔ)課程requiredcourse必修課elective(course)選修課treasurer生活委員/財(cái)務(wù)大臣 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encyclopedias百科全書/專科全書honorcourse(為)優(yōu)秀生（開的）課major專業(yè)seminar討論會(huì)；研究班課程award(confer)授予（學(xué)位、證書）degree學(xué)位associatedegree準(zhǔn)學(xué)士學(xué)位bachelor’sdegree學(xué)士學(xué)位master’sdegree碩士學(xué)位doctor’sdegree(doctorate)博士學(xué)位postdoctoral博士后（研究人員）resume(curriculumvitae)簡(jiǎn)歷objective目的qualification資格honor獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；榮譽(yù)experience(workexperience)工作經(jīng)歷specialskill特殊技能proficiency（語言）精通；熟練expertise專長(zhǎng)maritalstatus婚姻狀況reference推薦人；介紹人letterofrecommendation推薦信faculty全體教員facultyadviser指導(dǎo)教師professor（正）教授associateprofessor副教授assistantprofessor助理教授instructor（大學(xué)）講師tutor（大學(xué)）助教chairman(chair)系主任dean（大學(xué)學(xué)院）院長(zhǎng)principal(中、小學(xué))校長(zhǎng)president(chancellor)（大學(xué)）校長(zhǎng)alumnus（復(fù)數(shù)alumni）男/校友a(bǔ)lumna(復(fù)數(shù)alumnae)女校友a(bǔ)lmamater母校16.建筑學(xué)aglass-shelfframedinametalgridprototype原型architecture建筑學(xué)architect建筑學(xué)家beam梁buildingmaterial建筑材料buildingtechnique建筑工藝construct/construction建設(shè)designelement設(shè)計(jì)元素elevator電梯gasstation加油站glassboxlogstructure原木結(jié)構(gòu)metal-frame金屬結(jié)構(gòu)newmaterial新材料 officebuilding寫字樓planetarium天文館archives檔案館aquarium水族館cabin小木屋castle城堡cathedral大教堂mosque清真寺pyramid金字塔repairperson修理工skyscraper摩天樓Sphinx獅身人面像theStatueofLiberty自由女神像theTriumphalArch凱旋門wing輻樓/側(cè)樓17.電影animatedcartoon卡通片cameraman攝影caption字幕cartoon卡通片cast演員表；全體演員close-up特寫鏡頭director導(dǎo)演documentary紀(jì)錄片editing剪接featurefilm故事片illumination照明lighteffect燈光效果longshot遠(yuǎn)攝montage蒙太奇newsreel新聞片review試演script電影劇本setting布景shootfilm拍攝電影soundeffect音響效果studio電影廠themesong主題歌18.攝影photographycameralens相機(jī)鏡頭close-up特寫darkroom暗室depthoffield景深developing沖洗enlarge放大exposure爆光filter濾色鏡focus焦點(diǎn)background背景foreground前景highdefinition高清晰度instantcamera拍立得lens鏡頭focuslens長(zhǎng)鏡頭outoffocus調(diào)焦不準(zhǔn)panorama全景照photographer攝影家snapshot快照tripod三角架wideanglelens廣角鏡頭19.美術(shù)(繪畫和雕塑)brush畫筆canvas油畫布drawingboard畫板caricature漫畫charcoaldrawing木炭畫engraving版畫landscapepainting風(fēng)景畫lithograph石版畫fresco壁畫mural壁畫muralpainting壁畫Oilpainting油畫pastel彩粉畫portrait肖像畫sketch速寫；素描stilllife靜物畫watercolor水彩畫tempera蛋彩畫 pa