編制僅供參考審核批準(zhǔn)生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:名詞性從句在高考上海語法填空中的應(yīng)用解題技巧：1．名詞性從句中連接詞的選用應(yīng)該遵循“語義是否完整，所填部分充當(dāng)什么成分”的原則。語義完整選用連詞：that,whether,if；連接代詞who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever在名詞性從句中作主語、賓語；whose作定語，后面接名詞。連接副詞：when,where,how,why,however,whenever,wherever在名詞性從句中作狀語。2.that與whether引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別。

that與whether都是連詞，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在句中只起連接作用，都不擔(dān)任句子成分，使用時(shí)有下列區(qū)別：（1）that本身無意義，僅起連接作用，有時(shí)可以省略；whether本身有意義，意為“是否”，表明從句意義的不確定性，在句中均不可省略。（2）如果賓語從句表示兩種可能性選擇其一時(shí)，只能用whether(ornot)，不可用that。（3）whether引導(dǎo)的從句能幾乎作所有介詞的賓語；that引導(dǎo)的從句只能作except,but,besides的介詞賓語。3.whether和if的區(qū)別。（1）whether可以引導(dǎo)介詞賓語從句，而if不能。（2）whether可以應(yīng)到所有的名詞性從句，而if只能引導(dǎo)賓語從句；在引起主語從句時(shí)，特別是主語從句在句首時(shí)，不能用if，除非是有形式主語it的主語從句。（3）whether后可以直接跟ornot，if則不能。（4）whether可以和不定式連用，而if不能。（5）whether…or可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，or不可省略；if可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。做得更好。4.連接代詞與連接副詞的區(qū)別。（1）wh-ever引起的名詞性從句不含疑問意義，相當(dāng)于不定代詞后加一個(gè)定語從句：whatever=anythingthat，whoever=anyonewho,wherever=anyplacewhere,whenever=anytimewhen表示泛指；而what，which，who，when，where，how等詞都有時(shí)含有疑問意義，表示特指。（2）介詞后的who/whom，whoever/whomever的選擇問題，則要看連接詞在從句中是作主語還是作賓語而定，如在從句中作主語則只能選用who/whoever。（3）正確使用who/whoever，what/whatever，how/however，where/wherever，when/whenever，which/whichever，who，what，where，when，how，which一要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，看其在從句中作何成分，二是理清其在句中的含義。一、觀察分析從句結(jié)構(gòu)，選用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞完成下列句子。1.Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,but_____hereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.2.Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy______children’searlysleepingproblemsarelikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.3.Itisbynomeansclear______hepresidentcandotoendthestrike.4.Jerrydidnotregretgivingthecommentbutfelt______hecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.5.Wepromise_____attendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.6.Asmanyasfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose_____suitsyoubest.7.Itdoesn’tmatter_____youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.8.Everyoneinthevillageisveryfriendly.Itdoesn’tmatter___youhavelivedthereforashortoralongtime.9.Itdoesn’tmatter_______youturnrightorleftatthecrossing—bothroadsleadtothepark.10.Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim______hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.11.Thenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedfor_____hecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.12.Scientistsstudy_______humanbrainsworktomakecomputers.13.Imadeapromisetomyself_______thisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.14.Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon________themeetingwouldbepostponed.15．Thereismuchtruthintheidea______kindnessisusuallyservedbyfrankness.二、注意從句成分是否完整，選用適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞完成句子。1．Wehaven’tdiscussedyet_______wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.2．PartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,was__itwasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.3．IwanttobelikedandlovedforIaminside.4．—It’snousehavingideasonly.—Don’tworry.Petercanshowyou________toturnanideaintoanact.5．Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew______shewassoangry.6．Weshouldrespectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon’thavewehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.7．Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeisshecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.8．—IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.—That’s_______Idon’tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.9．—Haveyoufinishedthebook？

—No.I’vereadupto_____thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.10．Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof______mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.11．Itneveroccurredtome_____youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.12．Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyonhegoeswith，whetherhisfriendsorrelatives.13．Asanewgraduate,hedoesn’tknow_______ittakestostartabusinesshere.14．Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedforsuggestionshadusedtheproducts.15．—Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange

—OK,youwant.16．Itisuncertainsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.三、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，完成下列句子。1.________makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.2.Expertsbelieve_______peoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary.3.Donotletanyfailuresdiscourageyou,foryoucannevertell________closeyoumaybetovictory.4. _______oneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhavetopayforit.5.It’sgoodtoknow_____thedogswillbewellcaredforwhilewe’reaway.6.Itremainstobeseen________thenewlyformedcommittee’spolicycanbeputintopractice.7.______yousaidatthemeetingdescribesabrightfutureforthecompany.8.________IwanttotellyouisthedeeploveandrespectIhaveformyparents.9.Policehavefound________appearstobethelostancientstatue.10.Theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotalbelief______youarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield.11.________struckmemostinthemoviewasthefather’sdeeploveforhisson.12．Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisis_______aboutseventy-onepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.13．—Jackfailedthedrivingtestagain.—Thequestionis________wecanhelphimavoidmakingthesamemistake.14．Afteraday’sexhaustingclimbwearrivedat________wehadbeentoldwas“GardenintheAir”．15．—Whenchoosingfurniture，youonlyfocusonfunctionwhileIthinkmoreaboutthedesign.—That’s________wediffer.16．________iswellknowntoeveryone，Ishouldsay，isthatamanbecomeslearnedbyaskingquestions.17．Ithasn’tbeenmadeclear________thenewundergroundlineistobeopentotraffic.18．Thenoticecamearoundtwoo’clockintheafternoon________themeetingwouldbeputoff.19．Itisnotimportant________otherpeoplethinkaboutyoubut________youcansticktoyourownway.20．—Iwonder________somanypeoplearecrazyaboutGangnamStyle.—It’sgoodforbodybuilding，anditbringspeoplealotoffun，youknow.21．—WhathasmadeJohnlooklikelackingsleep

—________hehadtoprepareforthecomingexamandstayeduplastnight.22．Thegovernmentshouldconsider________peopleandtheenvironmentwillbeaffectedbeforetheymakedecisions.23．Thevillagershavealreadyknown______we'lldoistorebuildthebridge.24．Itwasneverclear______themanhadn'treportedtheaccidentsooner.25．Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit'sdifficulttomakeout______itisheistryingtoexpress.26．Ourteachersalwaystellustobelievein______wedoandwhoweareifwewanttosucceed.27.______BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.28．Whenthenewscame______thewarbrokeout，hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.29．Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidence______smokingcanleadtomanydiseases.30．______MoYanhadbeenawardedthe2012NobelPrizeforLiteraturemadeusveryproud.31．Generallyspeaking，beinghard-workingisjust______ittakestobesuccessfulinyourcareer.32．______madeourschoolproudwas______morethan60%ofthestudentswereadmittedtokeyuniversitiesin2012.33．______someteenagersdon'trealizeis______difficultlifecanbeaftertheygetaddictedtodrugs.34．—YouknowIgaveupthejobasawaiterandwenttothelittlecompany.—That's______you'vemadeamistake.Thatcompanyisn'twellmanaged.35．Theshockingnewsmademerealize______terribleproblemswewouldface.36．Thereisclearevidence______themostdifficultfeelingofalltointerpretisbodilypain.37．Themessageyouintendtoconveythroughwordsmaybetheexactoppositeof______othersactuallyunderstand.38．I'mafraidhe'smoreofatalkerthanadoer，whichis______heneverf