全新版大學英語2(第二版)UNIT2語言點全新版大學英語2(第二版)UNIT2語言點全新版大學英語2(第二版)UNIT2語言點資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月全新版大學英語2(第二版)UNIT2語言點版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準:發(fā)布日期：Unit2ValuesHappinessisnotinthemerepossessionofmoney;itliesinthejoyofachievement,inthethrillofcreativeeffort.——FranklinD.Roosevelt幸福不在于僅僅擁有金錢，而在于取得成就時的喜悅和創(chuàng)造性勞動帶來的喜悅、激動。———富蘭克林·D·羅斯福DetailedReadingⅠ.DifficultSentences1.(LL.1~2)ItwasearlyDecember2003,myfirstseasonasaSalvationArmybellringer,whenIwasconfrontedwiththequestion.1.WhatdoesaSalvationArmybellringerdo

(=Toringthebellandaskpeopletodonatemoneytohelpthepoor.)2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.(=首次面對這個問題，是在2003年12月初我第一次為救世軍搖鈴募捐的時候。)2.(LL.5~6)Icanstillseetheconfusionandcuriosityinhiseyesasheasked,“Areyoupoor”

1.Whydidtheboyasksuchaquestion

(=Becausehewasconfusedandcurious.)2.HowmuchdidtheboyknowabouttheSalvationArmybellringer

(=Obviouslyheknewnothingaboutthat.)3.(LL.7~8)“Well,”Istammered,tryingtothink,“Ihavemorethansomepeople,butnotasmuchasother.”1.Howdidtheauthorthinkofthequestion

(=Hethoughtitwasdifficulttoanswer.)2.Whatdoestheauthor’sanswermean

(=Thismeansheisneitherpoornorrich.)4.(LL.8~9)Hismotherscoldedhimforthesocialno-no...1.Whatis“socialno-no”

(=Somethingthatissociallyinappropriate.)2.Whydidthemotherscoldherson

(=Becausetheauthorlookedpoor,thequestionwassociallyinappropriatetoask.)5.(LL.13~14)YetIfeelnothingmorethanapassingwhimtoattainthematerialthingssomanyotherpeoplehave.1.Whatdomanyotherpeoplehave

(=Thematerialthings.)2.Pleaseparaphrasethissentence.(=However,Ihaveonlyoccasionallyfelttheurgetogoafterthematerialthingssomanyotherpeoplehave.)6.(LL.19~20)AndIlovethe“cando”attitudethatfollows.1.Whatisthe“cando”attitude

(=Thatisselfconfidence.)2.Howdoyouunderstandthissentence

(=AndIlovethefeelingofselfconfidencebroughtbybriskexercises.)7.(L.31)Shortlyafterhervisit,ourrelationshipwentstraightsouth.1.Whatwastheirrelationshipafterhervisit

(=Theirrelationshipwentsour.Thatistosay,theywerenolongerboyfriendandgirlfriend.)2.Whytherewassuchachangeintheirrelationship

(=Becausethegirlactuallypaidmuchattentiontomaterialthingsalthoughsheclaimedthatshewasinterestedinwhatwasontheinside,andaftershewenttotheauthor’sapartment,shefoundhewasreallypoor.)8.(LL.35~38)Thereisacommercialontheradiothatbegins,“Everybodywantsahigh-endTV…”Thepressuretopurchaseisreal.Itmaybetruethateverybodywantsahigh-endTV.Afterall,nobodywantstobeanobody.1.Whatis“ahigh-endTV”

(=ATVthatisexpensiveandofhighquality.)2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispartaboutwhatrolecommercialscanplayinsociety

(=Commercialscanputpeopleunderpressuretopurchasemorethanisreallynecessary.)9.(L.49)DecemberisthetimeofyearIfeelwealthiest.Whydoestheauthorthinkso

(=BecauseDecemberisthetimeforhimtoworkfortheSalvationArmyasabellringer,whichgiveshimagenuinesenseofbelongingandbringshimhappinessinhelpingothers.)10.(LL.50~51)Overthepastfouryears,I’vegrowntounderstandmoreaboutmyselfbecauseofasinglequestionfromacuriouschild.1.Howhastheboy’squestionaffectedtheauthor

(=Theboy’squestionhashelpedhimrealizethat,despitehislackofexpensivepossessions,heisrichinmanyotherwaysandshouldbethankfulforthat.)2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.(=由于一個好奇的孩子提了一個簡單問題，我在過去的四年中對自己的了解進了一步。)Ⅱ.WordsandExpressions1.(L.2)confront:vt.1)(ofaproblem,difficulty,etc.)face(sb.)threateningly*Thedifficultiesthatconfrontusseeminsuperable.*Amajordifficultythatconfrontsinternationalstudentsishowbesttojudgethequalityofaprograminaforeignuniversity.2)(ofaperson)faceanddealwith(aproblem,difficulty,etc.)軍人必須面對危險和死亡。(=Asoldierhastoconfrontdangeranddeath.)*Astronautshavetoconfronttheunknown.beconfrontedwith:bebroughtfacetoface(=Theprisonerwasconfrontedwithhisaccusers.)*conclusionsthatcanbeconfrontedwithexperience2.(L.3)donation:n.moneyorgoodsgivenforagoodcause*Thehospitalreceivesagooddealofmoneyindonations.他們對慈善事業(yè)慷慨捐助。(=Theymadeagenerousdonationtocharity.)Collocation:ablooddonation 獻血make/giveadonation 捐贈promiseadonation 允諾捐助3.(L.5)confusion:n.astateofuncertaintyaboutwhatsth.means,etc.*Theenemyretreatedingreatconfusion.他們的突然到來打亂了我們的計劃。(=Theirunexpectedarrivalthrewourplanintoconfusion.)Collocation:coveredwithconfusion 非?；艔坕nconfusion 亂七八糟，處于混亂狀態(tài)throwintoconfusion 使狼狽，使慌亂N.B.:該詞的動詞為confuse，confusing意思是“令人困惑、迷惑的”，confused意思是“糊涂的、混雜的”。4.(L.5)curiosity:n.astrongdesiretoknowaboutsth.*Justtosatisfymycuriosity,howmuchdidyoupayforyourcar?

(=Weburnedwithcuriosityoverwhatwasinthebox.)Collocation:from/outofcuriosity 在好奇心驅(qū)使下inopencuriosity 公然出頭過問與自己無關(guān)的事Curiositykilledacat. 好奇?zhèn)怼?.(L.7)stammer:v.speakwithatendencytorepeatrapidlythesamesoundorsyllable*It’scrueltomakefunofpeoplewhostammer.他結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地道了謝。(=Hestammeredhisthanks.)6.(L.10)deny:vt.1)saythatsth.isnottrue*ThereisnodenyingthefactthatJapanbegantoinvadeChinaasearlyastheearly1930’s.2)refusetoadmitoraccept(=Hedeniedknowinganythingabouttheirplans.)7.(L.10)fillout:addinformationsuchasyournameandaddressin(aformordocument)*Ittookmequiteawhiletofilloutthequestionnaire.請把附表填好。(=Pleasefillouttheattachedblank.)8.(L.11)fallinto:belongto(aparticulargroupofthingsthathavesimilarqualities)理事會成員們意見相左，分成自由和保守兩個陣營(=Thecouncilmembersdisagreed,fallingintoliberalandconservativecamps.)*Allwhalesfallintotwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout.9.(L.13)nothingmorethan:only,just(=Happinessisnothingmorethangoodhealthandabadmemory.)這只不過是個杜撰的故事而已。(=Itisnothingmorethanamade-upstory.)10.(L.19)attain:vt.succeedinachieving,esp.afteralotofeffort 我決心不惜任何代價達到目的。(=I’mdeterminedtoattainmypurposeatanycost.)*Sheattainedherambitionofbecomingapilot.Collocation:attainone’sgoal 達到目的attaintheageof 有…歲了attainthetopofamoutain 到達山頂CF:get,gain,obtain&attain這四個詞都是動詞，都有“得到”、“獲得”之意。get是最普通的用語，可指通過任何方式的獲得，多用于口語中。例如：*Shegotthehighestscoreinfancyropejumping.她在花樣跳繩中得分最高。gain多指在競爭中獲得，所得的東西往往是有用的或是所期待的。例如：*Ihopeyouwillgainthevictorythistime.我希望你這次獲得勝利。obtain是書面語，指靠他人或自己努力而得到，強調(diào)結(jié)果或目的。例如：*Bythismethod,weobtainedagoodresult.我們用這種方法獲得了好結(jié)果。attain強調(diào)達到完美的地步。例如：*Suchaconditionisverydifficulttoattain.這樣的情況是很難達到的。11.(L.16)minimal:adj.verysmallinsizeoramount;assmallaspossible暴風雨只造成極輕微的損失。(=Thestormdidonlyminimaldamage.)*TheFordCEOofferedtoworkforaminimalsalaryofonedollarayear.N.B.:該詞的動詞為minimize。反義詞為maximal。12.(L.21)cherish:vt.love(sth./sb.)verymuchandprotectthem(=RidinghorseswithmymotherwhenIwasakidhasbecomeacherishedmemory.)*Shecherishedthechildasthoughhewereherown.Collocation:cherishfonddreamsof 做…的美夢cherisheddesire 夙愿cherishadeeplovefor 熱愛…13.(L.21)fabricate:vt.makeup(astory,apieceofinformation,etc.)inordertodeceivepeople *Haveyoueverliedalittle,orfabricatedastoryaboutyourself,toimpresssomeoneyoumeetthefirsttime?

她缺席的借口顯然是瞎編的。(=Theexcuseforherabsencewasobviouslyfabricated.)14.(L.22)tickle:v.1)amuseandinterest*Thecomediantickledthecrowdwithhisjokes.*IttickledhertothinkthatherbosswoulddressupasaclownattheNewYearparty.2)moveone’sfingersonasensitivepartofanother’sbodyinawaythatmakesthemlaugh*Shetickledtheboy'sfeetandmadehimlaugh.嬰兒喜歡輕輕呵癢和緊緊擁抱。(=Babiesliketobetickledandhugged.) 15.(L.25)vital:adj.veryimportant,necessary,oressential(=Thispointisvitaltomyargument.)*Theleader’svitalandcheerfulmannerfilledhismenwithcourage.Pattern:bevitalto… 對…極為重要16.(L.25)welloff:rich,orhavingenoughmoneytolivewell*TheCommunistPartyofChinawillleadtheChinesepeopleinbuildingawell-offsociety.如果他年輕時多努力一點，現(xiàn)在就能過得舒服些。(=Ifhehadworkedharderwhenyoung,hewouldbewelloffnow.)17.(L.26)emotional:adj.connectedwithpeople’sfeelings(=Hisemotionallanguagereducedmanyoftheaudiencetotears.)*Naturehasprogrammedusallwithbothphysicalandemotionalneeds.18.(L.26)pursuit:n.theactoflookingforortryingtofind我們?yōu)樽非笮腋Ｉ疃ぷ鳌?=Weworkhardinpursuitofhappylife.)*Heexerciseseverydayinpursuitofhealth.Collocation:dailypursuits 日常事務(wù)educationalpursuit 教育事業(yè)pursuitofprofit 追逐利潤inone’spursuitofhappiness 追求幸福19.(L.26)outofplace:feelinguncomfortableornotsuitableinaparticularsituation*Yourjokesareoutofplaceonsuchasolemnoccasion.在正式的舞會上，我感到局促不安，很不自在。(=AttheformalpartyIfeltveryawkwardandoutofplace.)20.(L.34)incontrastto:whenacontrastismadeto*Incontrasttohersister,sheisverytall.(=Incontrasttohisbrother,heisalwaysconsiderateofothers.)21.(L.35)consequence:n.aresultofsth.thathashappened *Jimmyexperiencedsevereheadacheasaconsequenceofheavydrinkingthenightbefore.這樣一種錯誤可能導致災(zāi)難性的后果。(=Suchamistakewouldperhapsleadtodisastrousconsequences.)Collocation:asaconsequence 因而，結(jié)果inconsequence 因此，結(jié)果inconsequenceof …的結(jié)果，因為…的緣故，由于ofconsequence 有勢力的，重要的taketheconsequences 自食其果，承擔責任CF:effect,result&consequence這三個詞都是名詞，都有“結(jié)果”之意。effect表示由某種原因直接產(chǎn)生的某一結(jié)果或狀況。result表示某一事件的發(fā)生或某一行為所造成的結(jié)果，有“最終的結(jié)果”之意。consequence表示由于邏輯推斷得出的結(jié)果，或由于某種原因、一些必要的條件而造成的結(jié)果。(Directions:)Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Thedilemmasthatparentsfindthemselvesintodayisa_______ofchangesinsociety.(=consequence)2.Itriedtopersuadehim,butwithlittleorno______.(=effect)3.Oneofthe______ofthisillnessisthatyouloseyourhair.(=effects)4.Itrepresentsthe______oftenyears’labor.(=result)5.Thehighlevelofunemploymenthasproducedharmfulsocial______.(=consequences)22.(L.36)commercial: 1.n.anadvertisementonTVorradio*TVcommercialstodayaremoreimaginativethantheywere20yearsago.2.adj.relatingtobusiness*Heleftthecommercialworldtobecomeagovernmentofficial. 商業(yè)函件(=commercialcorrespondence)23.(L.39)focus:v.concentrate(one’sattention,etc.)on(sth.);concentrate(onsth.)(=Youshouldfocusyourattentiononyourwork.)*Theonlywaytoattainyourgoalsistostayfocusedandworkhard.24.(L.41)affluent:adj.richenoughtobuythingsforpleasure自然資源豐富的土地(=landaffluentinnaturalresources)*Inanaffluentsocietypeoplecanaffordtostrikeabalancebetweenworkandlife.CF:rich,wealthy&affluent這三個詞都是形容詞，都有“豐富”、“富有”之意。rich意為“有錢的”、“富有的”，其程度超過正常需要的，語氣強烈；形容人時，指擁有大量金錢、財產(chǎn)，其引申義為“富于…”。例如：*Therichgetricherwhilethepoorgetpoorer.富人更富，窮人更窮。wealthy指人、家庭或國家富有、安康、富裕；語氣較緩，程度可大可小。尤指擁有大量財產(chǎn)、財富。例如：*Somewealthypeoplearelikelytobephilanthropists.有些富人往往是慈善家。affluent意為“富裕的”、“富足的”，尤指家庭和社會，在這一點上相當于wealthy，是較正式用語。例如：*It’sourdutytobuildanaffluentandcivilizedsocietyinthenewcentury.在新世紀建設(shè)一個富裕文明的社會是我們的義務(wù)。25.(L.43)genuine:adj.real,true他真心誠意地愿意幫助我們。(=Hehasagenuinedesiretohelpus.)*Itappearstobegenuine,butIhavemysuspicionsaboutit.CF:real,true&genuine這三個詞都是形容詞，都有“真的”、“真正的”之意。real普通用語，指真實的或與事實相符的。true強調(diào)客觀事實與實際情況相符合，兼有real的含義。genuine指真實性是有據(jù)可查的。(Directions:)Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Itis_______thattheearthisround.(=true)2.Isthisa______Mingvase?(=genuine)3.Thisisastoryof______life.(=real)4.Amirage（海市蜃樓）isnota______object.(=real)5.______silver(=genuine)26.(L.45)gothrough:experience(sth.difficultorunpleasant)*He’samazinglycheerfulconsideringallthathe’sgonethrough.孩提時代,他經(jīng)歷了一個又一個的艱難困苦。(=Whenhewasachild,hewentthroughonehardshipafteranother.)(Directions:)Choosetheappropriatetranslationfortheexpression“gothrough”inthefollowingsentences.檢查、審查、搜查完成、做完遭受、經(jīng)歷看完D1.Howlongwillittaketogothroughthebook?

C2.I’mflatteredthatyouwentthroughallthistroublejustforme.A3.Theywentthroughourluggageatthecustoms.B4.Withgreatconcentrationshewentthroughthemovements.27.(L.47)linger:vi.1)lastorcontinueforalongtime*BeforeleavingSuzhou,wetookalastlingeringlookatthebeautifulview.(=Thebeautifulmelodyislingeringinmymind.)2)takealongtimetoleaveordisappear*Helingeredoutsidetheschoolaftereverybodyelsehadgonehome.CF:stay,remain&linger這三個詞都是動詞，都有“停留”、“逗留”之意。stay是本組詞中最普通的用語?；蜷L期或短期，或永遠或暫時地停留。例如：*Mycarstaysinthegaragemostoftheweek.我的車子一周大部分時間都停放在車庫里。remain強調(diào)維持原來的狀態(tài)，表示“逗留”時比stay更正式些。例如：*Littleoftheoriginalarchitectureremains.原來的建筑現(xiàn)在留存很少了。linger意思是“逗留”、“徘徊”，尤指遲遲不愿離開的樣子。例如：*Heshouldhavegoneout,butlingeredoverhismealtillitwastoolatetocatchthetrain.他本該出門了，可還慢騰騰地吃飯，以致來不及趕火車了。28.(L.47)individual:1.n.personconsideredseparatelyfromtheirsociety個人權(quán)利(=rightsofindividuals)*Thewelfareoftheindividualisboundupwiththewelfareofthecommunity.2.adj.oforforoneperson*Agoodcoachknowshowtotakebestadvantageofthestrengthofeachindividualplayerontheteam.*Shehasherownindividualwayofwalking.29.(L.52)tangible:adj.thatcanbeclearlyseentoexist;thatyoucantouchandfeel*Tangibleassetsrefertothoseassetsthathaveaphysicalform,suchasmachinery,buildingsandland.(=Sculptureisatangibleartform.)N.B.:該詞的反義詞為intangible。Ⅱ.LanguageStudyofTextB1.(para.2)discount:n.amountofmoneywhichmaybetakenoffthefullprice*Traditionalretailerswho’veopenedcyber-storesmayofferspecialdiscountstoonlineshoppers.盡管網(wǎng)上書店常有折扣，但不要期望能省多少。(=Althoughonlinebookstoresusuallyofferdiscounts,don'texpecttosavemuch.)2.(para.5)folk:n.peopleingeneral(Youcanrefertopeopleasfolkorfolks.)*ThesearethefolksfromthelocalTVstation.他們結(jié)了婚，有了孩子，像其他人一樣生活。(=Theygotmarriedandhadkidsandlivedlikeotherfolks.)3.(para.5)getawaywith:dosth.wrongorriskywithoutbeingcaughtorpunished(Inthetext,itmeans“dosth.withoutexperiencinganyproblemsordifficulties”)*Theyclaimedthattheyknewhowtoplaythesystemandgetawaywithit.艾力克偷稅漏稅好些年，都沒碰到麻煩。(=Erichasbeengettingawaywithtaxfraudforyears.)4.(para.5)OnlyinAmericacanabillionairecarryonlikeplainfolksandgetawaywithit.Paraphrasethesentence.(=OnlyinAmericacanaveryrichpersonlivelikeordinarypeoplewithoutexperiencinganyproblems.)5.(para.5)local:adj.oforforaparticularplace*Theplanewastotakeoffat6a.m.andlandat7a.m.localtime.主辦奧運會所需的四分之三的投資將由中央政府和當?shù)卣袚?=Three-quartersoftheinvestmentneededtohosttheOlympicswouldbebornebycentralandlocalgovernment.)6.(para.6)corporate:adj.relatingtolargecompanies*Thetwocompaniesdecidedtomergetotakeadvantageofsimilaritiesintheircorporatecultures.谷歌公司總部位于加州的山景城。(=ThecorporateheadquartersofGoogleInc.islocatedinMountainView,California7.(para.7)byallaccounts:accordingtowhateveryonesays*TheChinesefootballteamwillplaytheKoreanstonight.Itshouldbeamatchworthwatching,byallaccounts.大家都說湯姆是個很棒的老師。(=Tom,byallaccounts,isasuperbteacher.)8.(para.7)blend:v.mixtogether*ThesingerisknownforblendingLatinpopandAmericanmainstreampopinhersongs.我們早飯吃什么？混合了香蕉、草莓、椰棗和芒果的水果布丁。(=WhatdowehaveforbreakfastAfruitpuddingofblendedbananas,strawberries,datesandmangos.)blendin/into:Ifsb.blendsintoaparticulargrouporsituation,oriftheyblendin,theyseemtobelongthereorarenotnoticeable,becausetheirbehaviorissimilartothatoftheotherpeopleinvolved.(usedinthepatterns:blendin;blendintosth.;blendinwithsth.) *Asanewly-appointedmanager,hewasnotsurewhetherhecouldblendin.*Thepainterblendedinwiththecrowdattheartsale.他說的話堅定了我的信念，要和周圍打成一片。(=Whathesaidreinforcedmydeterminationtoblendinwithmysurroundings.)9.(para.7)Byallaccounts,he’sfriendly,cheerful,afineneighborwhodoeshisbesttoblendin,neverflashy,neverthrowinghisweightaround.Translatethesentence.(=人人都說他為人友善，性情開朗，是個好鄰居；他盡力與人們?nèi)谇⑾嗵帲瑥牟混乓?，也不盛氣凌人?10.(para.12)Butonerecentmorning,TheRichestManinAmericadidsomethingthatwouldhavemadeheadlinesanywhereintheworld:Heforgothismoney.Paraphrasethesentence.(=Butonerecentmorning,TheRichestManinAmericadidsomethingtopeople’ssurprisethatwouldappearasapieceofnews:Heforgothismoney.)11.(para.14)ButjusthowlongWaltoncanholdfirmtohisfolksyhabitswithcelebrityhunterskeepingfollowinghimwhereverhegoesisanyone’sguess.Paraphrasethesentence.(=然而，沃爾頓所到之處專門報道名人的記者緊跟不舍，他的平民習慣能保持多久，就很難說了。)12.(para.14)ontherun:tryinghardtohideorescapefromsb.*PrincessDianadiedwhileontherunfrompaparazzi.他在逃避警方的追捕。(=Heisontherunfromthepolice.)13.(para.15)rank:v.put(sb./sth.)intoapositionaccordingtotheirsize,importance,etc.*Jimwassosureofhimselfthatheonlyappliedtothoseuniversitiesrankedinthetop10ontheannualU.S.News&WorldReportissueon“America'sBestColleges.”搜索引擎按相關(guān)度對搜索結(jié)果進行排名，最先展現(xiàn)的是最相關(guān)的記錄。(=Thissearchenginerankssearchresultsinorderofrelevance,showingyouthemostrelevantrecordsfirst.)14.(para.15)makeup:form,constitute*Womenmakeupnearly50%ofuniversityentrants.這所大學由14個系和5個研究中心構(gòu)成。(=Thecollegeismadeupoffourteendepartmentsandfiveresearchcenters.)15.(para.16)rally:n.alarge,usu.politicalpublicmeeting*OverseasChineseheldralliesaroundtheworldonSundayandMondaytovoicetheirsupportfortheBeijingOlympicGames.巴拉克·奧巴馬在集會上以“我們需要改變”這個口號結(jié)束了演講。(=BarakObama’sspeechattherallyendedwiththeslogan“Changeweneed.”)16.(para.16)liable:adj.likely(todosth.)*It'sliabletosnowheavilytomorrow.由于天氣惡劣，運動會可能推遲到下周。(=Thesportsmeetingisliabletobepostponeduntilnextweekbecauseofthebadweather.)17.(para.17)laydown:establish(sth.)asaruleorprinciple*Conditionsformembershiparelaiddowninthesoccerclubrules.校方印發(fā)了新冊子，規(guī)定了學生守則。(=Theschoolauthoritieshaveissuedanewbookletlayingdownregulationsforstudents.)18.(para.17)loyalty:n.thequalityofstayingfirminyourfriendshiporsupportfor