虛擬語氣有些條件句是可能實現(xiàn)的，稱為真實條件句.虛擬語氣是動詞的一種特殊形式，用來表達說話人的意愿.請求，設(shè)想，等未能或不可能實現(xiàn)的事實，或說話人看來實現(xiàn)可能性很小的情況.做這類題時首先要弄清楚虛擬語氣的各種句型，即由if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句，省略if的倒裝形式，可跟虛擬語氣的賓語從句，同位語從句，表語從句的句型，以及表示祝愿或感嘆的句子和由without，butfor等介詞引導(dǎo)的短語或句子.主要用法1). 主語從句，同位語從句中虛擬語氣的用法 .2). 賓語從句中虛擬語氣的用法， 尤其是wish虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)的用法.3).If 條件句中虛擬語氣的用法，應(yīng)特別注意省略 if 的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)是考試的重點.4).wouldrather （=wish）等結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法 .5).ifonly （如果。。。就好了）結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法 .6).But

，

or

，

otherwise

等含蓄條件句的用法

.7).It

’stime(that)

（早該。。。。）

等結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法

.虛擬語氣在虛擬條件句中的運用(1) 虛擬語氣現(xiàn)在時，用以表示與 現(xiàn)在/將來事實相反的假設(shè)或現(xiàn)在實現(xiàn)可能性不大的情況.條件從句 主句If：動詞過去式(be多用 would/should/could/might+ 動詞原形were)If （一般現(xiàn)在時）， 主句（一般將來時：will/shall/can+ 動詞原形）條件從句 主句had+過去分詞 would/should/could/might+have+ 過去分詞Eg.IfI

wereabird

，

I

wouldfly

toyou.Ifit

isnot

fortheirhelp

，weshallbe

inaverydifficultposition.Ifit werenotfortheirhelp ，weshouldbeinaverydifficultposition.IfI hadseenthefilm,Iwould ?..虛擬語氣過去式.表示與過去事實完全相反的假設(shè).Eg.If

wehadstarted

earlier

，weshouldnothavemissedthetrain.Ifshe

hadn’t

beenill

，she

mighthavecome.Ifshe

werenotill

，she

mightcome.◆書面語中，如果從句里含有 should，had，were或其他助動詞，則可將從屬連詞 if 省去，將助動詞.情態(tài)動詞.be或have放在句首形成部分倒裝.Eg.

Wereheinyourposition

，he’ddothesame.Ifhe

Wereinyourposition

，he’ddothesame.HadIhadtime

，

Iwouldhavedonethatyesterday.IfIHadhad

time

，

Iwouldhavedonethatyesterday.If

heShould(萬一)cometomorrow

，

I

shouldgive

himthedictionary.虛擬語氣在某些從句中的應(yīng)用.在(表現(xiàn)了說話人的愿望)wish，suggest，order，demand，propose，command，request，recommend，require

，decide

，insist ，desire

，urge

等動詞的賓語從句

(should:

應(yīng)該)+

動詞原形

.以及

wouldrather/soonerthat

后要用

“

(should:

應(yīng)該)+

動詞原形”來表示愿望，建議，

命令，要求等

;由上述動詞派生或轉(zhuǎn)化的名詞

suggestion

，

proposal

，

plan

，motion，

recommendation

，

demand，

order

，

desire

，

request

，requirement

，

insistence

，

advice

，

decision

，

obligatory(

義不容辭的， 必須的同位語從句或表語從句中也要用相應(yīng)的虛擬形式 .Eg.Hissuggestionwasgoatonce.thatwe(should)Wanginsistedthatwe

goatonce.B)在

Itis/was+

某些形容詞

+that(

表現(xiàn)了說話人的愿望

)從句的句型中，that

從句中的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，即

“should+動詞原形”這些形容詞有

:important，necessary，essential，imperative，natural，strange，advisable，desirable，possible，probable，astonishing，surprising，desired，suggested，requested，recommended，ordered，proposed，decided，moved等.“should(居然/竟然)+動詞原形(或完成形式)”可表示驚奇，遺憾，懷疑，不滿等.ⅰ. 用于expect，believe ，think ，suspect 等動詞的否定或疑問形式后的賓語從句中.Eg. Ineverexpectedthat thenewapartmentshouldbesosmall.ⅱ.

用于“It

isapity，it

isashame，it

isnowonder等+that

”等結(jié)構(gòu)后的主語從句中.Eg. Itisapity thatheshouldbesocareless.D) 在由forfearthat

，incase

，lest

等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，用“should (萬一)+動詞原形” 表示 “惟恐”的意思.Eg.Hehandledtheinstrument withcarefor fearthat

it

shouldbedamaged.E)在“

Itis(about/high)time+that(

從句)(早就應(yīng)該

)”中，謂語動詞常用過去式表表示虛擬語氣.Eg.It is hightimethatChinesepeople

learnt

English.在“asif/asthough”(似乎/好像)引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，謂語動詞與wish的賓語從句的虛擬形式相同.Eg.Heworkswithsuchenthusiasmasif heneverknewfatigue.He speaksEnglishasthoughhe wereanAmerican.G)在look/sound/feel/seem+asif/asthough

從句中，當(dāng)表示真實情況時，用陳述語氣

;

否則，用虛擬語氣

.Eg.Itseemsasifthey

knoweachother.(

真實情況

)Itseemsasifthey

kneweachother.Itseemsasthoughit

werealreadyspring.(

虛擬語氣

)用在ifonly（如果。。。就好了）引起的感嘆句中.Eg.Ifonlythedriver didn’tdrivesofast!虛擬語氣:1)假設(shè)類:過去時;2) 愿望類:(should)+ 動詞原形1.IfI____wherehe lived，I____anotetohim.A.knew，wouldB.hadknown ，wouldhavesentC.know，wouldsendD.knew，wouldhavesent2.Ifthey____earlierthanexpected ，they____herenow.A.hadstarted ，wouldbeB.started，mightbeC.hadstarted ，wouldhavebeenD.willstart ，mighthavebeen3.Ididn't knowhistelephonenumber.____it ，I____then.A.HadIknown ，wouldringhimupB.ShouldIknow ，wouldhaverunghimupC.IfIknew ；wouldringhimupD.HadIknown ；wouldhaverunghimup4.Maryisilltoday.Ifshe_____

，she____absentfromschool.A.werenotill

，wouldn'tbeB.hadbeenill ，wouldn'thavebeenC.hadbeenill ，shouldhavebeenD.hadn'tbeenill

，couldbe5.WereItodoit

，I________itsomeotherway.A.willdo B.woulddo

C.wouldhavedone

D.weretodo1~5BADAB6.I________himtheanswer________possible

，

butI

wassobusythen.A.couldtell

，

ifithadbeenB.musthavetold

，wereitC.shouldhavetold

，haditbeenD.shouldhavetold

，shoulditbe7.WithoutyourhelpA.won'tachieve

，we________somuch.B.didn'tachieve C.don'tachieve

D.wouldn'thaveachieved8.Youdidn'ttakehisadvice

.________hisadvice

，

you________suchamistake.A.Hadyoutaken

，

wouldn'thavemadeB.Ifyouhadtaken

，wouldmakeC.Wereyoulotake ，shouldn'thavemadeD.Haveyoutaken ，won'thavemade9.Wewishwe____whatyoudidwhenwewereathighschool.A.did B.couldhavedone C.havedone D.shoulddo10.Shewishesshe____tothetheatrelastnight.A.went B.wouldgo C.hadgone D.weregoing6~10CDABCTomisveryshortnow.Hismotherwishesthathe________betallwhenhegrowsup.12.MysisteradvisedmethatI________accepttheinvitation.Heasksthathe________anopportunitytoexplainwhyhe'srefusedtogothere.A.isgivenB.mustgiveC.shouldgiveD.begiven14.DoyouthinkofWangFang'ssuggestionthathe________Mr.Litotheparty ？A.willinvite B.haveinvited C.isinvited D.invite15.Iinsistedthathe________atonce.A.begone B.go C.wouldgo D.mightgo11~15CCDDB16.LiMinginsistedthathe________anything atall.A.hadn'tstolen B.shouldn'tsteal C.doesn'tsteal D.steal17.Itisquitenaturalthat mycominglateagain________themveryangry.A.hadmade B.wouldmake C.makes D.make18.He actsasif he________everythingintheworld.A.knew B.knows C.hasknown D.won'tknow19.ReaditaloudsothatI________youclearly.A.mayhearB.willhearC.hearD.haveheard20.Theygotupearlyinorderthatthey________theyfirsttrain.A.caughtB.willcatchC.mightcatchD.shallcatch16~20ADAAC21.Iamsorrythathe________insuchpoorhealth.A.areB.shallbeC.wereD.shouldbe22.Thatisagoodbook.You________ityesterday.A.couldbuyB.shouldbuyC.shouldhaveboughtD.bought23.Itishightimewe________home.A.willgoB.wouldgoC.havegoneD.went24.I'dratherthatyou________home.A.wentB.havegoneC.willgoD.hadgone21~25DCDAD26~30BDDAA25.IfonlyA.listen

I_________tothelecture！B.willlistenC.amlistening

D.hadlistened——Ifhe_____，he______thatfood.Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned，wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned，wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned，hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned，hadnottaken27.Ididn'tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_________，shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome28.Withoutelectricity，humanlife________quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe29.He________youmorehelp，eventhoughhewasverybusy.A.mighthavegivenB.mightgiveC.mayhavegivenD.maygive30.Ifcitynoises_______fromincreasing，people_______shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.A.arenotkept，willhavetoB.arenotkept，havetoC.donotkeep，willhavetoD.donotkeep，haveto31~35DABBD31.Mike'sfather，aswellashismother，insistedthathe________home.A.stayedB.couldstayC.hasstayedD.stay32.Mr.Smithinsistedthathe________theworkall.A.haddoneB.havedoneC.didD.soJanewouldneverhavegonetotheparty________thatMarywouldcometoseeher.A.hassheknown B.hadsheknown C.ifsheknowhasknown

D.ifshe34.IfyouhadenoughmoneyA.willyoubuyB.wouldyoubuyC.wouldyouhaveboughtD.willyouhavebought

，what________？35.Ifyou________thatfilmlatelastnight ，youwouldn'tbesosleepy.A.didn'tsee B.haven'tseen C.wouldn'thaveseen D.hadn'tseen36.Ourmonitorrequestedthat________.A.alltheclassstudiedmorecarefullytheproblemB.theproblemwasmorecarefullystudiedC.withgreatcaretheproblemcouldbestudiedD.alltheclassstudytheproblemmorecarefully37.——Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible ？Yes,butI________busydoingmyhomework.A.was B.were C.hadbeen D.wouldbe38.Histiredface suggested thathe________reallytiredafterthelongwalk.A.hadbeen B.was C.be D.shouldbe39.Itisimportantthatwe________.A.shallclosethewindowbeforeweleaveB.willclosethewindowbeforeweleaveC.mustclosethewindowbeforeweleaveD.closethewindowbeforeweleave40.Ididn'tknowhistelephonenumberA.hadtelephoned B.wouldtelephonetelephoned D.telephone

，otherwiseI______him.C.wouldhave參考答案1~5BADAB 6~10CDABC 11~15CCDDBADAAC 21~25DCDAD 26~30BDDAA31~35DABBD 36~40DABDC

16~20倒裝1．以neither，nor 或so開頭的句子或分句，通常用倒裝。 Neither 或nor用于否定句中，so用于肯定句中。Eg.Theycananswerthequestion.SocanIHedidn’tattendthepartylastnight，neitherdidshe.2. 當(dāng)某些具有否定意義的詞或短語放在句首作狀語時，句子為部分倒裝。常見的這部分詞有：little ，few, never，rarely ，scarcely, hardly，seldom等(幾乎不)。notuntil （直到）；短語有：innoway，at notime，innocase ，bynomeans，undernocircumstances( 絕不)等;以及部分關(guān)聯(lián)詞：1)hardly(scarcely/barely)?when?(一?就)，2)nosooner?than?等(一?就)Eg.Seldomhave//we feltascomfortableasathome.我們很少象在家里住得那么舒適。Notuntil manyyearslater// didthewholetruthbecomeknown.3. 由并列連接詞notonly?butalso?，neither?nor?等連接的句子，如果notonly，neither放在句首。應(yīng)部分倒裝。only位于句首并后跟狀語時需用部分倒裝。Onlyundertheleadershipofthepartycanwe//leadahappylife.當(dāng)從屬連詞so?that和such?that中的so和such位于句首時，句子為部分倒裝。Suchwasthefloodthatmanypeoplebecamehomeless.在連詞as或than引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，為了保持局子的平衡，句子可全部倒裝，也可局部倒裝。Asis

theteacher

，

sois

thepupil.Asis

thefather

，sois

theson.倒裝句練習(xí)題1.Notuntil Ibegantowork____howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn'tIrealize B.didIrealize C.Ididn'trealize D.IrealizedOnlybypractisingafewhourseveryday____beabletomasterthelanguage.A.youcan B.canyou C.youwill D.willyou3.Ifyoudon'tgo ，neither____.A.shallI B.doI C.Ido D.Ishall4.Nosoon er____tothestation____thetrainleft.A.hadIgot

，when

B.Ihadgot

，than

C.hadIgot

，than

D.didIget，when5.——Yourfatherisverystrictwithyou.____.Heneverletsoffasinglemistakeofours.A.

SoheisB.SoisheC.HeissoD.Sodoeshe1~5BDACA6.____today，hewouldgettherebySunday.A.Wouldheleave B.WasheleavingC.Werehetoleave D.IfheleaveBetodo:將要做。。。。Neverinmylife____suchathing.IhaveheardorhaveseenhaveIheardorseenIhaveheardorseendidIhearorsee8.——Here____

！

WhereisXiaoLiu

？There____.A.comesthebus

，

isheB.comesthebus

，heisC.thebuscomes

，isheD.thebuscomes

，heis____，Iwillnotbuyit.A.MuchasdoIlikeitB.AsmuchIlikeitC.MuchasIlikeitD.AsIlikeitmuch——Ilikefootball.Idon'tlikevolleyball.____.A.SodoI B.NeitherdoI C.Soitiswithme D.Soisitwithme6~10CBBCC11._____theexpense ，I_____toItaly.A.Ifitwerenot ，goB.Wereitnotfor

，

wouldgoC.Weren'titfor

，willgoD.Ifithadn'tbeen ，wouldhavegoneSo_____inthedarknessthathedidn'tdaretomoveaninch.A.hewasfrightenedB.washefrightenedC.frightenedhewasD.frightenedwashe13.——Inmodemtimes ，girlslikebeautifulclothes.Yes,_____and .Afterall,ourlifehasgreatlyimproved.A.sodothey，sodoyouB.sotheydo，soyoudoC.sodothey，soyoudoD.sotheydo，sodoyou——YouhaveanEnglishclasseverydayexceptSunday._____.A.Sowehave B.Sowedo C.Sohavewe D.Sodowe15.Iwonderifyourwifewillgototheball.Ifyourwife_____

，

so_____mine.A.does，

will

B.will

，

does

C.will

，

would

D.does

，

do11~15BDDBA16.OnlyafterIreadthetextoveragain_____itsmainidea.A.thatIknewB.didIknewC.1couldknow

D.Ididknow——YouseemtohavelearnedalltheEnglishwordsbyheart._____.A.Soldo B.Sodol C.SoIhave D.SohaveI——IseldomwatchTV，butlistentotheradioalot._____.A.SodoI B.NeitherdoI C.Imthesame D.Soitiswithme19.Soexcited_____thathecouldn'tsayaword.A.heseemed B.didheseem C.washeseeming D.hedidlook20.Jimmywassonervousnotasingleword_____downinthedictation.A.hewrote B.hewaswritten C.didhewrite D.washewritten16~20BADBC21.Little______when1tookthetripwhereitwouldleadme.A.haveIknownB.hadIknownC.do1know

D.didIknow22.——

Haveyoueverseenanythinglikethatbefore

？____.No，IneverhaveseenanythinglikethatbeforeNo，neverIhaveseenanythinglikethatbeforeNo，neverhave1seenanythinglikethatbeforeNo，Ihaveseenanythinglikethatbeforenever23._____ ，1wouldaccept theinvitationandgototheparty.A.WereIyou B.WasIyou C.HadIbeenyou D.Would1beyou24.Youshouldworkless_____.A.andneithershouldI B.andsoshouldI C.andnorshouldI D.andsoIshould25._____andcaughtthemouse.A.Upthecatjumped B.Thecatupjumped C.UpjumpedthecatD.Jumpedupthecat26.Notonly_____apromise ，butalsohekeptit.A.didhemake B.hemade C.doeshemake D.hashemadeHisuncleisaworkerandhasbeenworkinginthefactoryformorethantenyears._____.A.Soishisaunt B.Sohashisaunt C.Sohisauntdoes D.Soitiswithhisaunt28.Notonce_____theirplan.A.didtheychange B.theychanged

C.changedthey

D.theydidchange29.——DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother ？Idon'tknow,and______.A.nordon'tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon'tcareneitherD.Idon'tcarealsoNotuntilhearrivedhome_____hefindthatthiswallethadbeenstolen.A.did B.would C.when D.that——Thisisoneoftheoldesttreesintheworld._____suchabigtree.A.NeverIhaveseenB.Ihaven'tneverseenC.NeverhaveIseenD.Ihaveseennever32.Nowhereelseintheworld_____cheapertailoring （裁縫業(yè)， 成衣業(yè)）thaninHongKong.A.atouristcanfindB.canatouristfindC.atouristwillfindD.atouristhasfound_____succeedindoinganything.A.OnlybyworkinghardwecanB.ByonlyworkinghardwecanC.OnlywecanbyworkinghardD.Onlybyworkinghardcanwe34._____thatweallwentout ，lyinginthesun.A.SofinewastheweatherB.SowasthefineweatherC.TheweatherwassofinewasD.Sotheweatherwastine____aniceman____thatweallbelievehim.A.So，didheseemB.So，heseemedC.Such，heseemedD.Such，didheseem36.——Youseemtobeanactor.____.Ihaveplayedmanypartsinalotoffilms.A.SodoI B.SoamI C.SoIdo D.SoIam37.Notonly____

workinghard

，butalso____verypolite.A.theboyis

，

heis

B.istheboy

，

heis

C.theboyis

，

ishe

D.istheboy

，ishe38.____，heneverseemsabletodotheworkbeautifully.A.TryashedoesB.AshetriesC.Tryasdoeshehedoes

D.Astry——Icannotseethepicturewellfromhere._____.A.NeithercantI B.NeitherIcan C.Ican'tneitherNeithercanI

D.——Yououghttohavegiventhemsomeadvice_____,butwhocaredwhatIasked?A.SooughtyouB.So1oughtC.SoitwasD.SoIdid41.Socarelessly_____thathealmostkilledhimself.A.hedrivesB.doeshedriveC.didhedriveD.hedrove42.Little_____abouthisownhealththoughhewasveryill.A.hecaredB.didhecareC.hecaresD.doeshecare43.Well____knowhimandwell____knowme.A.Idid，hedidB.didI，hedidC.didI，