歐洲文化入門課程教學(xué)大綱（適用對(duì)象：英語(yǔ)專業(yè)本科一年級(jí)）一、 說(shuō)明（一） 課程簡(jiǎn)介：本課程是為英語(yǔ)專業(yè)學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)階段開設(shè)的文化選修課，旨在通過重點(diǎn)介紹歐洲的文化歷史、文化傳統(tǒng)，宗教信仰、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣和語(yǔ)言發(fā)展，幫助大學(xué)生拓展有關(guān)歐洲文化歷史發(fā)展的知識(shí)，提高閱讀英文書刊和同英語(yǔ)國(guó)家人士交往的能力， 以及對(duì)于當(dāng)今國(guó)際社會(huì)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行分析的能力，從而激發(fā)他們的興趣，為進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)打下基礎(chǔ)。授課形式以講為主，抓住重點(diǎn)，分清主次，了解大概，忽略細(xì)節(jié)。（二） 編寫依據(jù)：根據(jù)2000年教育部批準(zhǔn)實(shí)施的《高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱》，英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的學(xué)生需要了解與英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的文化歷史、文化傳統(tǒng)，宗教信仰、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣和語(yǔ)言發(fā)展相關(guān)的知識(shí)，進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大知識(shí)面，增強(qiáng)對(duì)文化差異的敏感性，提高綜合運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行交際的能力。（三） 目的任務(wù)：本課程主講教師建立所授課程的教學(xué)網(wǎng)頁(yè)， 向?qū)W生提供相關(guān)的電子教案、課程內(nèi)容和網(wǎng)絡(luò)鏈接，努力幫助學(xué)生實(shí)現(xiàn)課前閱讀、課堂討論、課后自選專題進(jìn)行個(gè)性化網(wǎng)上擴(kuò)展閱讀，就當(dāng)今世界東西方文化碰撞所導(dǎo)致的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事等方面的矛盾，以史為鑒，進(jìn)行思考和分析，然后完成小論文，從而逐步培養(yǎng)他們的思辨能力。（四） 課程類別：專業(yè)選修課二、 教學(xué)安排與學(xué)時(shí)分配表第一章：文化的定義，文化的類型，歐洲文化的源頭與特點(diǎn)。教學(xué)用 4學(xué)時(shí)。第二章：古希臘文化：歷史背景、社會(huì)政治結(jié)構(gòu)、文化構(gòu)成、文化影響。教學(xué)用2學(xué)時(shí)。第三章：古羅馬文化：歷史背景、社會(huì)政治結(jié)構(gòu)、文化構(gòu)成、文化影響。教學(xué)用2學(xué)時(shí)。第四章：猶太教-基督教文化：猶太教與基督教的異同、圣經(jīng)的形成與影響。教學(xué)用4學(xué)時(shí)。第五章：舊約：文本選讀、歷史意義與神學(xué)意義。教學(xué)用2學(xué)時(shí)。第六章：新約：文本選讀、歷史意義與神學(xué)意義。教學(xué)用 2學(xué)時(shí)。第七章：中世紀(jì)文化：歷史特征、教會(huì)發(fā)展、科學(xué)文學(xué)藝術(shù)建筑。教學(xué)用4學(xué)時(shí)。第八章：文藝復(fù)興：社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)、人文主義、文學(xué)藝術(shù)。教學(xué)用 4學(xué)時(shí)。第九章：宗教改革：特點(diǎn)與意義、羅馬天主教、希臘正教、基督新教。教學(xué)用 4學(xué)時(shí)。第十章：?jiǎn)⒚蛇\(yùn)動(dòng)的歷史背景與成就、古典主義與浪漫主義、法國(guó)革命。教學(xué)用4學(xué)時(shí)。第十一章：馬克思主義、達(dá)爾文主義、現(xiàn)實(shí)主義、自然主義、現(xiàn)代主義。教學(xué)用4學(xué)時(shí)。學(xué)時(shí)、教學(xué)安排教學(xué)基本內(nèi)容授課討論習(xí)題實(shí)踐小計(jì)第一章歐洲文化的源頭與特點(diǎn)44第二章古希臘文化22第三章 古羅馬文化22第四章猶太教-基督教文化44第五章 舊約22第六章 新約22第七章 中世紀(jì)文化44第八章 文藝復(fù)興44第九章 宗教改革44第十早 啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)44第十一章19世紀(jì)政治思潮44合計(jì)（學(xué)時(shí)數(shù)）3636三、教學(xué)內(nèi)容與知識(shí)點(diǎn)第一章GeneralIntroductiontotheCourse知識(shí)點(diǎn)：TheMediterraneanCivilizationandthedevelopmentoftheWesternCivilization；Historyasamirror;Literatureasamirror;Languageasamirror，acarrierofculture；BroadsenseofCulture;Culturalawarenessandtheabilityofdiscovery,analysis,solution--thinkingandexpressinginEnglish;Waysoflearningculture;TheIraqiwar andAmericanunilateralism;Theimageofpagangods;TheimageofChristianGod;BuddhismandDaoisminChina;10.Scientificsocialism andsocial-democratism;第二章GreekCulture知識(shí)點(diǎn)：AncientGreece:1).Definition;2).Primeofthecivilization:freedomofself-governmenttreasuredruledwithnoking;thesignificanceoflearningGreekmythology?1)GreekmythologyreflectstheGreeks 'deificationofnaturalforces;idealizationofhumanpowers;perception,interpretationandpersonificationoftheuniverse;richandcolorfultreasureoforalliterarycreationintheprimitivesociety;2)lifelikematerialstounderstandearlyhumancivilizations:modeofproduction—farming;socialstructure—matriarchal;familystructure—communalmarriage;3.itsinfluenceontheshapingoftheEuropeanculture:developmentofRomanculture;developmentofChristianculture;assubjectsforartisticcreationinpainting,sculpture,music,literature;thethreeprincipaltypesoffiguresinvolvedinGreekmythology;.thenatureofGreekgods;thenatureofGreekheroes;thefunctionsofGreekmythology;theoriginsofGreekmythology;第三章RomanCulture知識(shí)點(diǎn)：thenotionofRomanRepublic;thecombinationofGreco-Romanmythology;thestoryofRomulusandRemus;thestoryofAeneasaboutthefoundingofthecityofRome;HowdidRomanmythologyinspireartistsofthetime?WhatdidearlyRomansassociatetheirgodswith?functionsofgodsearlyRomanscaredabout;theimportanceofJupiter,Mars,andQuirinustotheearlyRomans;therolesofJupiter,JunoandMinervainthe6thcenturyBC;theimportanceoftheCapitolinetempleinthetimeoftheRomanRepublic;causesfortheRomanstoacceptgodsofothercultures;religiousbeliefintheGreekgodsintroducedintoRomedomesticgodsandgodsofthefieldstheRomans;conclusionofthepracticeofthereligiondevotedtomoregods;developmentoftheRomantreatmentofemperorsasgods.第四章Greco-RomanCulture知識(shí)點(diǎn)：thedifferencebetweentheJewishandChristianBible;thesignificantfeatureintheorderingofbooksintheJewishBible;thesignificantfeatureintheorderingofbooksintheChristianOldTestament;theroleoftheBibleinJewishandChristianreligiouslife;thesignificantfeatureintheorderingofbooksinNewTestament;thegenerallinguisticfeaturesofthepoeticworksintheOldTestament;thegeneralthemesoftheHebrewwisdompoetry;第五章OldTestament知識(shí)點(diǎn)：theHebrewlawsintheOldTestament;;theOldTestamentandthehistoryofIsrael;themajortheologicalthemesoftheOldTestament;thespiritualstandardsoftheOldTestament;第六章NewTestament知識(shí)點(diǎn)：theoriginallanguageoftheNewTestament;thefourmajortypesofliteratureinitsdocuments;HowistheNewTestamentrelatedtohistory?withstoriesofJesusandChristianchurchintimesequence;infancystoryofJesussetonthatofMosesintheOldTestament;Apostlesin12IsraelitribesandtheearlychurchthemajortheologicalthemesoftheNewTestament;mercy,God-creator;sustainerofuniverse;source/endofall;withlove,justice,judgmentandforgiveness;mercy,Jesus-asaprophetlikeMoses,thesecondAdam,theSonofGod,theeternalmediatorofcreationandredemption,aspresenceofGod,hissufferingsanddeathasGod'srelentlesslove,hisresurrectionasGod'sapprovalofhislife,death,andmessageHolyspirit-asactivepresenceofGod,whichempoweredJesus,thechurch,disciplestoservethegood;KingdomofGod-asthecentralmessageofJesusinhisministrySalvation-redemptioncoexistswithcreation;evenhostilespiritswouldbebroughtintoharmonywiththebenevolentplanofGod.Ethics-religiousbeliefconnectedwithmoralbehaviorinwardlyandinrelationtoothers,andtoGod;allinstructionsbasedontheOldTestamentasGod ';sexpectationsthespiritualstandardsoftheNewTestament;thesignificanceofthetranslationofBibleintoEnglish;第七章MiddleAges知識(shí)點(diǎn)：HowlongdidtheMiddleAgeslast?--AD350 -450thegreatestpoliticalfeatureoftheMiddleAges:Church/stateasone—thebeginningoftheMiddleAgesdescribedastransformationsoftheRomanworld;historicalbackgroundsofthebirthofChristianity;theparticularsymbolicsignificanceoftheChristianGodasagainstthepagangods;historicalbackgroundsofthebirthoftheByzantine,Islamandthewest:(one-Godbelief)TheRomanEmpiregrewtoolargetocontrolbyoneemperorandtoresistthePersiansandGermans;TheemperorassimilatedGermans.Itswesternhalfcametofragmentintosmallerandweakerkingdoms.theirparticularfeatures:Tradecenter;centralizedpower;thrivingtrade;centralizedpower;poor:citiesdepopulatedandland,unproductive;fragmentedpower;theircommonfeatures:OneGod,ruralmeans,localpower.第八章TheRenaissance知識(shí)點(diǎn)：WhatwerethebackgroundsoftheRenaissancehistorically?14-16C.famine,plague,war,andreligiousdissent,Latinofthechurch,oflawcourts,ofScholasticisminEurope;newbirthofancientRomanLatinfornativeliteratureasbyPetrarch,theItalianpoet,todescribeideasofhumanismandpatriotism.WhatwerethecharacteristicsoftheRenaissance?rediscoveryofClassicalLiteratureandArtasobjectsofidealbeautyorlearning,insteadofprofessionalworkoftheologians/philosophers;curiosityabouttheobjectiveworld;&interestinthemoralityofhumanactions,insteadofabstracttalksofreligiousissues;Individualism:conceptoffame&educationforoveralldevelopment;WhatinterpretationsweregivenbyscholarsoftheRenaissance?Whatweretheeconomic&socialbasisoftheRenaissance?changingeconomy:urbansociety:ruralsociety:TheInfluenceoftheRenaissance第九章ReligiousReformation知識(shí)點(diǎn)：WhatwerethebackgroundsoftheReligiousReformationhistorically?nationalistsentimentagainstpapaltaxationandchurchofficialscon'trolreducedthepowersofthechurch;JohnWycliffe at'tacskonpapalact,moral&intellectualstandardsofthepriests;hisBible/sermoninEnglish;greed,immorality&ignoranceofpapalofficialsputpapacytoblame;humanistideaofBible,notchurchasthesourceofreligiousauthority.WhatwerethemainresultsoftheReligiousReformation?A.power&wealthlostbythefeudalnobility/theRomanCatholicchurchpassedtothemiddleclassesandtomonarchicalrulers;B.variousregionsgainedpolitical,religious,culturalindependence;individualism/nationalisminculture&politicsdeveloped;protestantvaluejudgmentbroughtaboutdemocraticgovernments;medievalsystemofauthoritywasdestroyed;removalofreligiousrestrictionontrade/bankingstimulatedcapitalism;nationallanguages/literaturewereadvance