---山東省濱州市2020屆高三英語校際聯(lián)合考試試題本試卷共三部分，共10頁。滿分120分?？荚嚂r間100分鐘。注意事項：1．答卷前，考主務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡上交。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AMissouriWildlifeRescueCenterMissouriWildlifeRescueCenterisashelterforendangeredandillegally-tradedforeignanimalsconfiscated沒收）bytheU.S.WildlifeService.Itcarriesoutthemotto“PreservationthroughEducation”byeducatingvisitorsaboutthepreservationoftheenvironmentandtheinter-dependenceofalllivingthings.FieldtripsTheCenterhostsfieldtripsforschoolsandcampsthroughoutSouthernCalifornia.Eachfieldtriplaststwohour，sconsistingofaone-hourgatheringandaone-hourtourofthefacility,withlessonsassociatedwithCaliforniaStateScienceStandards.Throughoutthefieldtrip，studentslearnaboutthelatestdevelopmentsinenvironmentalprotectionandthewaysinwhichwildlifeinteractswithvariousecosystems.Thestudentsalsoreceiveanup-closeandhands-onexperiencewithourrescuedforeignwildlife.Thetourincludesdifferentenvironmentalexhibitsthatshowthewaysstudentscanhelpprotectanimalsinthewild.PublictoursGuidedtoursoftheCenterintroducevisitorstoovertwohundredrescuedforeignwildlife.Eachtourisledbyastaffmember,andfeaturesfunanimalfacts，hands-onanimalencounters，surprisingrescuestories,environmentalexhibits，andoriginalapproachestogoinggreen.Visitorsmayonlyseetheanimalsonaguidedtour,forbothyoursafetyandthesafetyofouranimals.Theguidedtourlastsapproximately45—60minutes.Visitorsareservedonafirst-come，first-servedbasis.Noreservationsarerequired.However,toursmaysellout.Wesuggestlargergroupsscheduleaprivatetour.

Ourregularpublictours'timesaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice．Pleasecallinadvanceforthemostup-to-dateinformation．1．WhatisMissouriWildlifeRescueCenterintendedfor?Deepeningourunderstandingofrareanimals．A．Helpingstudywildlifeabroad．B．Collectingmoneyforanimalshelters．C．Raisingawarenessofwildlifeprotection．Dsaythissentenceatleastadozentimes．Deepeningourunderstandingofrareanimals．2．Whatcanstudentsdoonafieldtrip?A．Sharestoriesofrescuinganimals．rescue．C．Explorewhyspeciesgetendangered．ecosystems．3．Whatcanwelearnaboutaguidedtour?A．Largegroupsareservedfirst．C．Bookingaheadisneeded．B2．Whatcanstudentsdoonafieldtrip?A．Sharestoriesofrescuinganimals．rescue．C．Explorewhyspeciesgetendangered．ecosystems．3．Whatcanwelearnaboutaguidedtour?A．Largegroupsareservedfirst．C．Bookingaheadisneeded．BofB．TakepartinforeignwildlifeD．LearnhowwildlifeaffectsB．Animalsarenotavailable．D．Tours'timesareflexible．Keepyoureyesopen．ThisiswheretheEwokslive．”Theone-hourdriveoutsideSanFrancisco，coveredincloudsalongwindyroads，hasinspiredmyhusbandtoWefinallyarriveatMuirWoodsNationalPark．Iexplainthestrangegreenstuffontrunksoffleesaswepassby—moss（苔蘚），somethingmy5—year—oldsonColehasneverseeninthedesertwherewelive．“Mom，areEwoksreal?Ithinktheymaybeare'ntreal．”There'saquestioninCole'svoice,likehe'stryingonthisidea．We'vebeendowntheroadofpretendingversusrealitybefore，whatwithallthetalkofsuperheroesandsucharoundourhouse．“Ithinkyouarefight．Ewoksarejustinthemovies．Butitwouldbecooliftheywerereal，fight?”Cole'ssilentforawhile，thinking．“IjustsawanEwok'searbackthere!”Cole'sspottedanadditionalEwokarmandonefullbodyofthetinyhairycreatures．ItdoesindeedlooklikeweareintheEwokforestofStarWars．Cole'simaginationismorethanIcanunderstan．dWhatdoplantseat?Whichisthebestplanet?Whichrocksfloat?Heloveslife．Heloveshisinnerworldandouterexistenceequally．IhearalotofWorryfromparentsaboutmediasuckingthesoulsfromourchildren，takingawaytheirtimeforcreativeplay．Forus，thishasn'tbeenthecase．ColeandhisbrotherarequiteknowledgeableintherealitiesoflifewhenitcomestoAngryBirds，CuriousGeorge，andtheadventuresofIndianaJones．Thesecharacters，andothersoftheirowninvention，liveinmyhomelikevisitors，joiningusonwalksandoutings．Iappreciatethem，thoughnotallthetime，forthecompanytheygivemysonsandtheirbusyminds．Ithinkofmediacharactersasanadd-ontoalreadybusyminds，bycarefullymonitoringwhogetsinvitedintoourlives，theybecomepartoftheparentingteam．Theyteachloyaltyadventure，curiosity—lessonsI'mtryingtoconvey，butinamuchcoolerwaythanIcan．Pretenceisawesome．Itprovidespracticeforreallifewithouttheordinaryinterfering．4．Wherearethefamilyheadingfor?A．Thecinema．B．Apark．C．SanFrancisco．D．Adesert．5．WhatcanweknowaboutColefromthepassage?A．Heisproudofhimself．B．Heisfullofcuriosity．C．Heiscourageous．D．Heisconsiderate．6．Whatdomanyparentsthinkoftheirchildrenplayingviamedia?A．Itwasteschildren'stime．B．Itcanmaketheirchildrenrelaxed．C．Itcanengagetheirchildreninlearningactively．D．Itcanaccompanytheirchildrenintheirabsence．7．What'stheauthor'sattitudetothemediacharactersinparentingchildren?A．Indifferent．B．Critical．C．Supportive．D．Disapproving．CDeepinthemiddleofSriLanka，amassivecolumnofrockreachesoutfromthegreentropicalforest.Itis660feettallandfeaturesfrescoes壁畫），graffiti,andlandscapedgardens．TherockisknownasSigiriyaandholdsaspecialplaceintheisland'sculturalhistory.Itwasestablishedasthestrongholdofakingover1,500yearsag，oandtodaytheSigiriyacomplexstandsasoneoftheearliestpreservedexamplesofancienturbanplanning.LocatedintheCentralProvince，thecolumnofrockissomewhatcentraltothecountry.TherockisknownasSihagiri，meaning“LionRock”，anodtothegiantanimalcarvedfromstonewhichgreetedvisitorsattheentrance.In476BC，KingDhatusenaruledoverSriLanka.Oneofhisillegalsons，Kashyapa，wantedthethrone（王位）.KashyapaoverthrewDhatusenaanddrovehisbrotherMoggallanatoSouthernIndia.Kashyapacrownedhimselfkingin477BC.KingKashyapachoseSigiriyaashispalacebecauseitspositionwasanadvantagetothedefensivestronghold，offeringfantastic360-degreeviews.Planstobuilda

cityquicklyunfoldedandafterseveralyears，theSigiriyacomplexhadbecomeabusinesscenterforthenewKing．Sigiriyawasbothapalaceandafortress（堡壘）；theoverallcomplexfeaturedfivegatesandmeasuredjustunder3kmbyjustover1k．mThesiteplanconsistedofafort，anupperpalaceonthetopoftherock，andlowerpalacesatgroundlevel．TheKingalsoconstructedgardensthroughout，andforprotectionariverwithwallssurroundedthecomplex．Frescoesdecoratethewesternsideoftherock，alongwiththemirrorwall，abrickfacecoveredinahighly-polishedwhiteplaster．Whennew，thewallwassaidtobeabletoproducereflections．OvertimetheMirrorWallbecameagraffitiboar，dcoveredinverseswrittenbyvisitors．Knownas“SigiriGraffiti”，someofthemessagesdatetothe8thcenturyCE．8．ItisimpliedinthepassagethatSigiriyawasbuiltto．A．preservethecultureofSriLankaB．provetheancienturbanplanningC．keeptheKingfrombeingattackedD．protectthegreentropicalforest9．Accordingtothepassage，somevisitorswould．A．haveareflectionbeforetheMirrorWallB．1eavecommentsontheMirrorWallC．drawbeautifulpaintingsofgirlsonthewallD．belostinthoughtbeforetheMirrorWall10．WhatdoweknowaboutSigiriya?A．Itsentranceiscarvedlikealion．10．WhatdoweknowaboutSigiriya?A．Itsentranceiscarvedlikealion．C．Itswesternsideisamirror.rock．11．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ThegiantlionsinSriLankaC．TheLionRockofSriLankaB．Itsgardensareatgroundlevel．D．ItspalacesareonthetopoftheB．ThepearloftheIndianOceanD．ThemirrorwallinarockNexttimeyoufindyourselftendingtoyourflowergarde，nyoumaywanttostayquiet.Theflowersarelistening．Israeliscientistsdiscoveredthattheplantshearbeesapproachingandattempttoluretheminwithsweeternectar花蜜）.Inseveralexperiments,theyfoundthatplayingaudiorecordingsofbuzzingbeesaroundcertainflowerswillcausethesugarconcentrationinthenectartorisebyabout20％in1essthanfiveminutes.Sucharapidreactionbyplantstosoundhadneverpreviouslybeenreported.Justtocompare,theresearchersalsotriedahigherfrequencynoise—likethatmadebyamosquitoorabat—andtheflowersdidnotrespond．Theauthorspointoutthatthebehaviorisactuallyinlinewiththenaturalorderofthings，consideringthataplant'sabilitytosenseitsenvironmentandrespondtoitiscriticalforitssurviva．lSo，itwouldseemthatplantshavesomesortofconsciousness．Thisisnotthefirsttimethatplantshavereactedtothesoundaroundt．heImna2009study,theresearchersfoundthatwomen'svoiceshelpmakeplantsgrowfaster．Inthatexperiment，tomatoplantswerefoundtogrowuptotwoinchestallerwhentheyweretendedtobyafemalegardener．Whatifwetoldyouthatapotatochipbagleftonthefloorofabreakroomcouldlisteninonofficegossip?Aspeopleweretalkingaroundthepotatochipb，agtheyweresendingtinysoundvibrations（振動）intotheair.Thosevibrationsthenhitlifelessobjectsaroundtheroom.Nowimagineifyouhadacamerathatwaszoomedinononeofthoseobjectsextremelyclosel.yIntheory，youcouldactuallyseetheobjectmovealongwiththevibrations.Youcouldthenfeedthatvideointoacomputerprogramthatcouldtranslatethevibrationsandyoucanplaybacktheaudiooftheconversationthatjusttookplace.Sothenexttimeyou'reatthebotanicalgardenorinagroceryaisl，ecarefulwhatyousay.Someoneorsomething—mightbelistening.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“l(fā)ure”inParagraph2？Shut.B.Attract.C.Trap.D.Lead.Whatisvitalforplantstosurvive?Thesoildependingontogrowin.Theaudiorecordingsplayedtothem.Theidentificationtothesoundfrequency.Thepowertosenseandreacttotheenvironment.Whatcanspeedupthegrowthofplants?Thewomen'svoice.B.Thestrengthofthevibration.C.Thespeciesoftheyoungplant.D.Thenumberofthemusicplayed.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?Plantsmayhavetheabilitytolisten.Soundvibrationscanbeprocessedintoanaudio.Buzzingbeescanincreasetheproductionofnectar.Thefrequencyofvibrationdeterminesplants'growth.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Spendingyoursparetimealoneorwithyourfriends，whichdoyouprefer?Forme,I'dratherbealone16Beingwithfriendscanbefunandcanhelpyougetthroughtheroughspotsinlif．eHowever，it'sthetimealone，Ithink，thatformsyouasaperson．17Ofcourse，Icanthinkaboutthesethingswhen'mwithothersbutit'shardertoconcentrateinacrowd．BeingalonegivesmethequiettimetoreallythinkaboutmylifeandwhatIwanttodowithit．Bystayingalone，Icanlistentothesilenceandrelaxcompletely．WhenI'maloneIcanpracticemeditation（冥想）andlowermystresslevel.18Toomuchtimewithfriendsmeansfillingmymindwithalotofchats．That'senjoyableforamoment，butcandullmyconcentration.IfI'mwithotherpeople，it'seasysometimestobecometooworriedaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofme.WhenI'maloneIhavetimetostepback.19Finally，whenI'mconstantlyinthecompanyofotherpeopl，eI'malwaysmakingcompromisesinordertofindsolutionsthattheentiregroupcanenjoy.20It'snaturaltowanttobewithotherpeopl，ebutIfindthetimeIspendaloneismorevaluabletomeinthelongrun.Andthatnaturallyleadstoyoufeelingmoreindependent.ThiswillpreventsmefromdoingthingsIactuallyenjoy.Ineedthistimealonetore-energizemymindandspirit.That'saverygoodwaytosharpenmypowersofconcentration.Thetimespentalonegivesyouagreaterappreciationforyourself.Whenalone，Ihavetimetothinkaboutmygoalsandtodevelopastrategytoreachthem.Thus，Icanseetherealvalueofthings，withoutbeinginfluencedbytheopinionsofothers.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。MinhBest，bornwithoutarms，lovestopaintandshe'sfoundauniquewaytoapproachherwork.To21herpaintings,sheusesherfoottoholdthebrush.Thegirlhasnotletanything22herback,especiallyfromdoingwhatsheloves：painting．Herpaintingshave23fromanartistichobbyintoawayforMinhandherparents,SarahBestandJustinBesttoraisemoneyforherto24CampNoLimits“CampNOLimitsisacampforchildrenwithlimb（肢體［differences，”SarahBestsaid.Wearetryingto25toWestnextyearastherearecamperslikeMinhandwewantherto26them."Onlineanddirectmessageswithspecificrequestsare27waysMinh'spaintingshavebeensold.“Severalpeoplehavetoldus，withtearsintheireyes，how28theyaretogettoseeherdowhatsheloves,"SarahBestsaid.Thefamilyhasalreadyraisedmorethan$5,000,helpingpayfortravel29totwocampsjustthisyear“30sheattendsthesecampsshe'11knowshe'sjustoneofthecrowd,”SarahBestremarked.Asherdrawingscontinueto31theshelvesMinh'sfamilywouldlovetobeabletohelpotherkidsattendthesecampsandofferfinancialassistancethroughthese32."Attendingthesecamps,she'salready33othersaswell,"Bestsaid.“Again,herloveforlifeisjustcatchinganditgivespeopleofallages34,evenatthesecamps.”Minhwillcontinuetopaint,cook,danceanddoeverythingthatbringsherjoy35limitations.21.A.sellB.enjoyC.promoteD.make22.A.holdB.callC.bringD.give23.A.risenB.grownC.rangedD.stayed24.A.attendB.witnessC.experienceD.deliver25.A.moveB.walkC.travelD.cycle26.A.arguewithB.catchupwithC.fitinwithD.agreewith27.A.normalB.commonC.originalD.unique28.A.blessedB.annoyedC.considerateD.adorable29.A.plansB.booksC.aimsD.expenses30.A.SinceB.ThoughC.WhenD.Because31.A.runintoB.passdownC.applyforD.flyoff32.A.1essonsB.classesC.donationsD.comments33.A.hurtB.inspiredC.preventedD.offended34.A.moneyB.hopeC.experiencesD.paintings35.A.withoutB.despiteC.overD.through第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DumplingsarethemostessentialandpopularfoodforWinterSolsticeespeciallyinnorthernChinaThereisalegendforthis36(tradition)foZhangZhongingafamousmedicalscientistattheendoftheEasternHanDynasty,foundhisfellow-townsmen37(suffer)fromcoldnessandhungerinwinterMore38(severe),manyofthemhadterriblechilblains(凍瘡)intheears.OntheWinterFestival,hecookedfoodnamedJiaoEr39astuffing(餡)ofmedicineandotheringredientsresistingthecoldtofeedthesepeople,andtheyrecoveredsoon.Nowadaystherearedifferent40(custom)insouthernandnorthernChinaAsapopularsayinggoesinnorthernChinathat“HavedumplingsforWinterSolsticeandnoodlesforSummerSolsticeDumplingshavebeen41mustforthiswinterfestival.IfyouhappentobeinChinaontheday,gototherestaurantearl42therewillbenodumplingsleft.However,sweetdumplingsare43(popular)forlocalsinsouthChina.Intheirmind,theroundshapeofsweetdumplings4(symbolize)afamilyreunionsidesit'ssaidthatinsomeare,aspeoplealsohavemutto,nnoodlesordrinkwinterwinefor45(celebrate)Theseareallhotfoodtohelppeoplekeepwarmandavoidcatchingcold.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Chris來信詢問你校勞動課(laborcourse)開展情況。請給他回信,內(nèi)容包括：課程開設(shè)情況；課程內(nèi)容(參加社區(qū)服務(wù),公益活動等)；課后感悟。字?jǐn)?shù)80詞左右；可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。AdawningSUNshapedthemassiveformofthetrain.Loadedwithfuel,water,andsandforpower,theleadtrainweighedinat41,0000pounds.ConductorRobert,49,ranhiseyealongthe96carsbehindhim.Itwas7a.m.Roberthadalreadycheckedthelistofdangerousmaterialsaboardthetrain.“We'vegotsomegaswithus,'he'dreportedtohisengineer,Lindley,inthecab(駕駛室).Thepresenceofgaswouldmeantakingextracarewhenbrakingthe6,200-tontrain．Withexplosivegasonboard,anaccidentwouldbemoredangerous．Afterafinalexternalinspection，Robertjumpedaboard．Slowlythetrainpulledoutofthestation．RobertandLindleyhad50yearsofrailroadingexperiencebetweenthem．TheyapproachedLafayetteatabout1：45p．m．a(chǎn)ndslowedthetraintothespeedlimit．Lindleyturnedonhisflashinglightsandwarningbell．Thetwohadbeenthroughthecityhundredsoftimes,buttheygrewextracautiousroundingthefirstcurve（彎道）.Ahead,overjustthreemilesoftrack，laynofewerthan24streetcrossing．sAsthetraincameoutofthecurve,Lindleynoticedasmalldotontherightrailabout150yardsahead.Hethoughtitmightbeadog.Now,asthetrainapproachedwithin100yardsoftheobjectontherail,Robertlookedattentively.Thenshockcoursedthroughhim.“MyGod!”heyelledasatinyfaceturnedtowardhim.“It'sababy!”Lindleyhadaninstantdecisiontomake,applyingfullemergencybrakeswithhalfthetrainstillwrappedaroundacurve.Hehadtoriskanemergencystop.Robertopenedthe1eftdooroftheenginecabquicklyandsteppedoutontoanarrowwalkway.Hehurriedtothefrontoftheengineandcrossedtotherightside.Hethenstoppeddowntothelowerportionofthewalkwayjusttothebackofthetrain's“cowcatcher”.Paragraph1：Stretchingasfarashecould,Robertputhisrightlegoutinfrontofhim.Paragraph2：Tellinghimselfhestillhadajobtodo,Robertwentbacktocheckonthecars.語文試題參考答案及評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)C［解析］“古代詩人”擴大范圍，“總把……聯(lián)系在一起”不當(dāng)。A［解析］B項，假設(shè)關(guān)系不成立，由原文“然而當(dāng)下許多詩人沉溺于寫'小我'的日常瑣碎、雞毛蒜皮,缺乏時代風(fēng)骨,究其原因在于缺乏作為詩人的使命感與責(zé)任心”可知；C項“必須傳承古典詩歌中以家國為上的詩歌精神”不當(dāng)，以家國為上是中國詩歌精神，不僅僅是古典詩歌中的；D項，“注重格律”不是基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。B［解析］材料三的中心論點是“當(dāng)下新詩拯衰起弊必須重新尊重中國詩歌的‘常'”，分論點一是“中國詩歌在詩歌精神上從來以家國為上”，分論點二是“詩之為詩，在審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上也有一些必須尊重的'常'（形式感和音樂感）”。A項強調(diào)繼承的重要性；B項可以支撐分論點一；C項談?wù)摰氖切问胶蛢?nèi)容的聯(lián)系；D項談?wù)摰氖菨h語平仄的作用。①在論證結(jié)構(gòu)上，采用總分總結(jié)構(gòu)；②在論證方式上，立論與駁論結(jié)合；③在論證方法上，運用了例證法、引證法?！驹u分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】4分。答出一點得1分，答出兩點得2分，答出三點得4分。意思答對即可。①創(chuàng)作要根植于詩人自我的生命體驗。②詩人要有風(fēng)骨，秉持使命感與責(zé)任心。③作品充滿正氣、具有崇高感。④要重視辭采，錘煉和打磨詩歌語言?！驹u分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】6分。每點2分，答出三點、意思對即可。C［解析］“董事長體恤下屬、善解人意”不當(dāng)。董事長的解釋只是想化解雙方的尷尬氣氛，不是體恤下屬、善解人意。B［解析］“反襯出他對工作不滿意”不當(dāng)。哈里對工作從不馬虎，是一位盡職的廠長?！敖蛔≥p聲笑了起來”，反映了哈利采取以攻為守的戰(zhàn)術(shù)，讓董事長顯得不自在后得意的心理；“忍不住大笑起來”，反映了哈利在董事長開懷大笑和調(diào)侃后內(nèi)心的放松?！驹u分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】4分。每點2分，意思答對即可。①使故事情節(jié)又生波瀾。哈利和董事長偶遇并說明真相以后，又偶遇杰封，情節(jié)出人意料。②照應(yīng)前文，與前文董事長的話“我的汽車司機請病假”相呼應(yīng)。③更深刻地反映主題。繁瑣的工作使很多人心理壓力增大，人們追求輕松愉悅的生活?！驹u分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】6分。每點2分，意思答對即可。A［解析］原文標(biāo)點：及晚節(jié)，漢征匈奴，招四夷，天下費多，財用益匱。莊任人賓客為大農(nóng)僦人，多逋負(fù)。A［解析］洗沐，漢朝制度，官吏五日一休沐，借指休假。C［解析］因果關(guān)系不當(dāng)，鄭莊死后家無余財主要由于家道中落。（1）他年紀(jì)輕，官職低微，但交游相知的都是祖父一輩的人，是天下聞名的人?！驹u分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】4分。?。盒?，低微。大父：祖父。行：輩分。各1分，判斷句式1分，意思對即可。（2）起初翟公擔(dān)任廷尉時，賓客滿門；等到他被免官，門外可以設(shè)置捕雀的羅網(wǎng)?！驹u分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】4分。為：擔(dān)任。闐：充滿。廢：免官。羅：羅網(wǎng)。各1分，意思對即可。①鄭莊在朝常常附和順從皇上的意見，不敢表明自己的態(tài)度。②鄭莊舉人不當(dāng)。他保舉的賓客，替大農(nóng)令承辦運輸，虧欠錢款甚多，自己也因此獲罪。【評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】3分。答對一點得1分，答對兩點得3分，意思答對即可。參考譯文鄭當(dāng)時，字莊，是陳縣人。鄭莊以仗義行俠為樂事，解救張羽的危難，聲名傳遍到梁、楚之間。孝景帝時，他做太子舍人。每逢五天一次的休假日，他經(jīng)常在長安四郊置備馬匹，慰問各位老友，迎送賓朋，夜以繼日，直到天亮，還時常擔(dān)心不能訪遍好友。鄭莊喜愛道家學(xué)說，仰慕德高望重的人好像惟恐見不到他們一樣。他年紀(jì)輕，官職低微，但交游相知的都是祖父一輩的人，是天下聞名的人。武帝即位后，鄭莊逐漸升遷為魯國中尉、濟南太守、江都國相，到九卿中的右內(nèi)史。由于武安侯和魏其侯的議論，他被貶為詹事，又調(diào)任大農(nóng)令。鄭莊身居高位時，告誡屬下官吏說：“客人到來，不論尊貴或低賤，一律不得讓人滯留門口等候?！彼磮?zhí)主人待客之禮，以自己的高貴身分屈居于客人之下。鄭莊廉潔，又不置辦家產(chǎn)，僅依靠官俸和賞賜所得贈給諸位友人，而他所贈送的禮物，只不過是用竹器盛的吃食。每逢上朝，遇有向皇上進言的機會，他必得稱道天下德高望重的人。他推舉士人和屬下的丞、史確實饒有興味，時常認(rèn)為他們比自己賢能。他從不對吏員直呼其名，與屬下談話時，好像生怕傷害了對方。聽到別人有高見，便報告皇上，唯恐延誤。因此，殽山以東廣大地區(qū)的士人一致稱贊他。鄭莊被派遣視察黃河決口，請求給五天時間準(zhǔn)備行裝。皇上說：“我聽說‘鄭莊遠(yuǎn)行，千里不帶糧'，為什么還要請求準(zhǔn)備行裝的時間？”但是鄭莊在朝中常常附和順從主上之意，不敢過于表明自己的是非主張。到了晚年，漢朝征討匈奴，招撫各地少數(shù)民族，天下耗費財物很多，國家財力物力更加匱乏。鄭莊保舉的人及其賓客，替大農(nóng)令承辦運輸，虧欠錢