牛津上海版7A八大時態(tài)專項講解及練習分類:現(xiàn)在時：原形或第三人稱單數(shù)「一般［過去時：過去式見兒<現(xiàn)在8種I見兒<現(xiàn)在8種I過去I卷曲符?寸工分詞進行時：were/was+現(xiàn)在分詞完成時：had+動詞過去分詞動詞基本形式：動詞的五種基本形式：動詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞和過去式。形式構(gòu)成例詞動詞原形不帶to的動詞不定式形式be,have,do,learn第三人稱單數(shù)形式在動詞原形后加-Sruns,likes以ch,sh,s,o,x結(jié)尾的動詞后-esteach-teacheswash-washespass-passes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，先將y變成i再加esstudy-studiestry-tries以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞后加-sstay-staysplay-plays現(xiàn)在分詞在動詞原形后加ingread-reading以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的詞，去掉e再加inglive-livingwrite-writing以輔元輔重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，雙寫該輔音字母后再加ingsit-sittingbegin-beginning部分以ie結(jié)尾的動詞變ie為y,再加ingdie-dying lie-lyingtie-tying過去式與過去分詞（規(guī)則變化）動詞原形加-edwork-worked以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞，先將y變成i再加-edcarry-carriedstudy-studied以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞，直接加dlive-lived以輔元輔重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，雙寫此輔音字母后再加-edstop-stoppedplan-planned如work-works-working-worked-worked.用法：一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹概念：表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，或存在的狀態(tài)，還表示主語具備的性格和能力及客觀真理。例：Igetupat6:30inthemorning.Shehasbigeyes,smallmouthandlonghair.用法：L表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點起床。.表示客歡覬實。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。.在時間狀語從句中（以when,after,before,while,untilassoonas等引導(dǎo)）和條件狀語從句中（以比unless引導(dǎo)）、用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時，句子可以有將來時間。如：PleasermgmeupassoonasyouanrveinGermany.Ifitramstomorrow,wewillhavetostayathome..一般現(xiàn)在時表將來的單詞：come,go,leave,arnve等。如：ThetrainforHaikouleavesat8：00inthemommg.Herecomestliebus./Tlieregoesthebell.時間狀語：always,often,usually,sometimes,never,efery,onceaweek,onSundays,inthvmorning..一般過去時的用法：概念：一般過去時表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為；過去主語所具備的能力和性格。Iwatchedafilmwithmysisteryesterdayevening.用法：.表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間里所發(fā)生的動作或情況，常與明確的時間狀語連用。eg:Attheageoften,shebegantolearntoplaythepiano..表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。eg:WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplaythefootballinthestreet..在時間、條件狀語從句中,常用一般過去時態(tài)代替過去將來時。eg:Hesaidhewouldn'tgoifitrained.時間狀語：vesterdav.iiistnow,lastnight、ill2008....aso,tliedaybeforeyesterday（前天）.thismorning…一般恪來時的用法：概念：一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。eg:lamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.=1willgoswimmingtomorrow.用法：1、表在將來某個時間會發(fā)生的動作或情況。eg:lwillcomebackintenminutes.2、在以第一人稱I或we作主語的疑問句中,一般使用助動詞shall,這時或是征求對方的意見，或是詢問一個情況：eg:Shallwehaveanyclassestomorrow?3、begoingto+動詞原形，表示事先考慮過的將要發(fā)生的動作、已有跡象表明必將要發(fā)生的某事,意為”打算；就要、eg:Wearegoingtoputupabuildinghere./lthinkitisgoingtosnow.4、表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞go,comezstartzmove,begin,leave,arrive#stay/getrfly等可用進行時態(tài)表示按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作(行進式動詞)。eg：rmleavingforBeijing.時間狀語：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year...),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)intwodays.jin(the)future等現(xiàn)在進行時的用法：概念：現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。用法：1）表示說話時正在進行的動作及行為，或者說話時刻在內(nèi)的一段時間正在進行的動作。eg:Listen,Someoneisplayingthepianointhenextroom.）表示一種漸進的過程。（如：get/become/turn/go）eg:MyyoungerbrotherisbecomingmoreandmoreinsterestedinEnglish.）與always,allthetime,forever等連用，表示說話人某種強烈的情感，如：贊許、批評；喜歡、厭惡等。eg:Heisalwaysthinkingofothers,notofhimself.（表示贊許）eg:Sheisoftendoingwellatschool.（表示滿意）eg:Oneofmyroommatesisconstantlyleavingthingsabout.（表示不;蒂））表示移位的動詞，如go^ome^rrivejeave^tartbegin等，其現(xiàn)在進行時可表將來。eg:SheisleavingforBeijingnextweak./Myfriendiscomingfordinner.時間狀語：now,look/isten,atthemoment（此時此刻）,it's+時刻,ri2htnow,atays,Bequiet!/Don'ttalk,at7:30inthemorning（準確的現(xiàn)在時間）過去進行時的用法：概念：表示過去某一時刻或某一時間內(nèi)正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。eg:Theywereplayingfootballatteno'clockyesterdaymormiig.eg:MymotherwascookingwhenIgothome.用法：1、表示在過去某一點或某一段時間內(nèi)進行或發(fā)生的動作。eg:ltwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.2、表示重復(fù)：與always,often,usually等表示動作屢次發(fā)生的副詞連用，強調(diào)動作的不斷重復(fù)，表示感情色彩。eg:Shewasalwaysthinkingofothers.3、表示按計劃、安排過去將要發(fā)生的事。comefgofleave,startzarrivefbegin等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞時,可用過去進行時表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作。eg:Hetoldmethathewasgoingsoon.4、過去進行時還可和when/while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。eg:lwaswalkinginthestreetwhensomeonecalledme.(when可用于延續(xù)性和非延續(xù)性動詞)eg:TomwasdoinghmeworkwhilehiesisterwaswatchingTV.(while只用于延續(xù)性性動詞)時間狀語:常與過去某T定的時間狀語連用,如：1)時間點+過去時(at8:00yesterday)2)時間段+過去時(from7to9lastnight)3)atthattime,thewholemorning,(at)thistimeyesterday...4)也有時沒有時間狀語，要通過上下文的暗示來確定用過去進行時。eg.Thestudentsallworkedhard.Everyoneknewwhathewasworkingfor.5)when/while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中過去將來時的用法:概念：表示從過去某時看將要發(fā)生的事或存在的狀態(tài)。eg:MybrothertoldmethathewouldbebackonSaturday.用法：1?一般過去將來時主要表示從過去某時看將要發(fā)生的事或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g.Hesaidthatthemeetingwouldbeginathalfpastninethismorning..was/were+goingto+動詞原形按計劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事e.g.ltseemedasifitwasgoingtoe,go,leave,arrive,start,begin等移位動詞可用過去進行時代過去將來時。e.g.Hesaidthetrainwasleavingatsixthenextmorning.Shetoldmeshewascomingtoseeme..條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句中須用一般過去時代替過去將來時。e.g.ldidn"tknowwhenshewouldcome,butwhenshecameIwouldletyouknow.e.g.TheteachersaidthatitwouldbeverydifficulttomakeprogressifIdidn'tworkhard.（相當于主將從現(xiàn)，只是把時間全移到過去。）時間狀語：該時態(tài)常用于宜語從句中，主句的謂語動詞常常是過去時，從句時態(tài)是將來時?，F(xiàn)在完成的用法：概念：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，也可以表示過去已經(jīng)開始，_直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。用法：A."完成用法”表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的副遜星，強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果），可以和already.never,ever.just,before,yet等副詞連用、動作不延續(xù)。Thecarhasarrived.（結(jié)果：車子已在門口）Someonehasbrokenthewindow.（結(jié)果：窗戶仍破看）Ican'tfindmywatchnow.ItlmikIhavealreadylostit.（丟手表發(fā)生在過去，但現(xiàn)在還沒有找到，即過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響。）B.”未完成用法”表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài),可以和表示從過去某一時刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括'?現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)）的一段時間的狀語連用.如for+時間段、since+過去的時間點、疑問詞howlong等。Myunclehasworkedatthisfactoryforfiveyears.Mr.BlackhaslivedinChinasince2002.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?時間狀語：already（已經(jīng)）.ycl（尚且沒有）never（從不）.ever（曾經(jīng)）.jusi（剛才.before（之前）,since（自從）,for（持續(xù)）,sofar（迄今為止）.uptonow=uptillnow（至U目前為止）jecently(最近).lately(近來)，inthepast/last+過去的時|、司，昌舊司(often,sometimes...)，表示次數(shù)(once.twice...)過去完成時的用法：概念：過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作。它表示動作發(fā)生的時間是“過去的過去”。圖示如下：過去完成 過去 現(xiàn)在 將來eg:HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeteralready.用法：二用在主句為一般過去時的賓語從句中。如told、said,knew,heard,thought等動詞后的賓語從句。eg:MyfatheraskedmeifIhadfinishedreadingthatbook.eg:Shesaidthatshehadseenthefilmbefore.二用在“after/before/when+過去時態(tài)引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句”或有“by+過去時間”的時間狀語從句。eg:MotherhadalreadycookedsupperbeforeIreturnedhome.eg:*電hadlearnedovertwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.eg:WhenIgottothestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.eg:Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.時間狀語：.Bythetimesb.didsth..When/Aftersb.didsth.(動作有先后發(fā)生的順序).Beforesb.didsth.課堂練習一.寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。worksingplaystudydancehaveseetakerunsitshopswimbeginflygetwatch二.寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。workread cleanwriteteachwash guesswatchgo .do study fly cryplay catchbuy_carryhave lookbrush三.寫出下列動詞的過去式和過去分詞。is/am fly _plan breakdrinkplaygomakethinkdanceworrysaywriteeatdrawputthrowkickteachdosee四.選擇最恰當?shù)拇鸢?。readingit.Iwon'treturnthebooktothelibrarybecauseI

readingit.A.wasn'tfinishB.don'tfinishC.won'tfinishD.haven'tfinishedA.wasn'tfinishB.don'tfinishC.won'tfinishD.haven'tfinishedLucyisalwaysbusy,sheonlyfivehourseveryday.A.issleeping B.w川sleep C.wouldsleepD.sleepsHetoldmeheherwithhermathsthenextevening.A.willhelpB.wouldhelpC.helps D.ishelpingThereafootballgamethisafternoon.A.willhave B.isgoingtobeC.isgoingtohaveD.has-MayIspeaktoJohn?—Sorry,heJapan.Buthewillbebackintwodays.A.hasbeento;B.hasgoneto;C.hasbeenin;D.wentto;—WherewereyouinJulylastyear?-ThistimelastyearmyfamilyandIBeijing.A.wasvisitingB.visited C.hadvisitedD.wouldvisit-Don'tforgettoaskhimtowritetome.-Iwon/t.Assoonashez111askhimtowritetoyou.A.willcome B.come C.comes D.iscoming—WhatdoesLindaoftendointheevening?-Sheoftenherhomework,butontheeveningofApril12sheTV.A.does;watches B.isdoing;watchesC.does;watched D.isdoing;waswatching—Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?—Hesaidthattheearthroundthesun.A.wentB.goesC,willgoD.wasgoing

A.wentB.goesC,willgoD.wasgoingShetheguitaruntilshefinishesherhomework.A.didn'tpracticeB.hasn'tpracticedC.practiceD.won'tpracticeSheanewspaperwhilesheforthebus.wasreading;waitedread;waitedread;hadwaitedwasreading;waswaiting—HowmanytimesyoutheGreatWall?-Onlyonce,Itherethreeyearsago.did;goto,havegoneC.have;beento;wentyou-Yes,Ihad;goneto;wentD.have;beento;havegonethemagazinefromtheschoollibraryyet?itfortwoweeks.Have;borrowed;havekeptHave;borrowed;haveborrowedDid;borrowed;borrowedDid;borrowed;havekeptItwasthethirdtimethatshetheHistoryMuseum.A.hadvisitedB.hasvisitedC.willvisitD.visitedHesaysheDalianseveraltimesalreadythisyear.A.wentB.hasgonetoC.hasbeeninD.hasbeentoHeinaminute.Asksomeoneelsetodoit.A.hasleftB.isleavingC.leftD.hadleftShetheguitaruntilshefinishesherhomework.A.didn'tpracticeB.hasn'tpracticedC.practiceD.won'tpracticeSheanewspaperwhilesheforthebus.wasreading;waitedread;waitedread;hadwaitedwasreading;waswaiting—HowmanytimesyoutheGreatWall?-Onlyonce,Itherethreeyearsago.did;goto,havegoneC.have;beento;wentyou-Yes,Ihad;goneto;wentD.have;beento;havegonethemagazinefromtheschoollibraryyet?itfortwoweeks.Have;borrowed;havekeptHave;borrowed;haveborrowedDid;borrowed;borrowedDid;borrowed;havekeptItwasthethirdtimethatshetheHistoryMuseum.A.hadvisitedB.hasvisitedC.willvisitD.visitedHesaysheDalianseveraltimesalreadythisyear.A.wentB.hasgonetoC.hasbeeninD.hasbeentoHeinaminute.Asksomeoneelsetodoit.A.hasleftB.isleavingC.leftD.hadleftit.17.—Excuseme.Youshouldn'tsmokehere.Lookatthesign"NOSMOKINGHERE”?it.-Sorry,IA.doesn'tseeB.haven'tseenC.didn'tseeD.hadn'tseenA.doesn'tseeB.haven'tseenC.didn'tseeD.hadn'tseenBythetimewegottothecinema,thefilmforfiveminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.havebeenonD.hadbeenon—Howcleantheroomistoday!whoit?-Jimdiditjustnow.A.cleanedB.willcleanC.cleansD.hascleanedLucygreatprogressinthelastthreeyears.A.madeB.hadmadeC.hasmadeD.weremakingLook!Adogthisway.wascomingiscomingC.cameD.comes22.ItBythetimewegottothecinema,thefilmforfiveminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.havebeenonD.hadbeenon—Howcleantheroomistoday!whoit?-Jimdiditjustnow.A.cleanedB.willcleanC.cleansD.hascleanedLucygreatprogressinthelastthreeyears.A.madeB.hadmadeC.hasmadeD.weremakingLook!Adogthisway.wascomingiscomingC.cameD.comes22.Iteverydaysofarthisweek.A.rainsB.hasrainedC.hadrainedD.willrainyoujustnow.youjustnow.Wherehaveyoubeen?YoursisterA.hasaskedforB.asksforC.askedforD.hadaskedforalreadyalreadyWhentheygottothestation,thebusA.has;leftB.left;/C.had;leftD.was;leaving25.Thetwofriendseachothersince1985.A.didn'tseeB.don/tseeC.haven'tseenD.won'tseeIonthecomputerwhenJimcametoseemeyesterdayevening.A.draw B.drewC.wasdrawingD.amdrawingMyfatheronbusinessfortwoweeks.He/llreturnin3days.A.left B.hasleftC.hasgoneD.hasbeenaway—Whenwillyoutellhimthegoodnews?-I himaboutitassoonashecomesback.A.tell B.istelling C.willtellD.havetold—Excuseme,whereisLily?一Oh,shethevolleyballmatchontheplayground.A.watchesB.willwatchC.iswatchingD.watchedMr.SmithatalkoncountrymusicnextMonday.A.give B. gave C. hasgiven D.willgivePremierZhouformanyyears,buthestilllivesintheheartsofChinesepeople.A.died B. had died C.hasdied D. hasbeendeadIdon'tknowifittomorrow.Ifit,Iwillnotgofishing.A.rains;willrain B.willrain;rains C.willrain;rain D.rains;rainsSomeonetheclassroom.Look!Howcleanitis!A.hasswept B.issweepingC.aresweeping D.haveswept"Theworldwithoutthievesz,isaverymovingfilm.Iittwice.A.willsee B.see C.saw D.haveseen—Isthisyourcoat,sir?—No.Mineovertherenearthewindow.A.hangs B.ishangingC.hang D.hashungKeys:l-5DDBBB6-10ACCBD11-15DCAAD16-20BCDDB21-25BBCCC26-30CDCCD31-35DBADB五用所給動詞的適當形式填空。TomandMary(come)toChinalastmonth.ZhouLanginthisschoolfortwoyears.(study)Whatyou(do)atthattime?We(watch)TV.Mary(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.There(be)noonehereamomentago.6.1(make)aphonecalltoMikethismonimg.7.1(have)mybreakfastathalfpastsixyesterdaymoniing.8.1listenedbut(hear)notliiiig.already(see)thefilm.I(see)itlastweek..They(make)amodelshipwhenIsawhini..We(notwatch)TVonMondays.Mymother(notdo)houseworkyesterday..Mary(go)overherlessonsfromsixtosevenlastnight.She(watch)TVeveryevening.Butshe(notwatch)TVlastnight.Lmdatoldmethatshe(be)backnextFriday.What(make)himcryjustnow?Whilewe(wait)forthebus,agirl(mn)uptous.Lastyeartheteacher(tell)ustliattheeartli(move)aroimdthesun.Whatyou(do)now?I(eat)bread.It'snineo'clock.Myfather (work)intheoffice.Shesaidshe(learn)2000Englishwordsalready.1(telephone)afriendwhenBob(come)in..Mary(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow?.Listen!Somegirls(sing)mtheclassroom..Lucy(get)upearlyinthemoniiiig.Buthersisters(get)uplate..Sheonhercoatandwentout.(put)27.Theyusually(do)theirhomeworkaftersupper.28.She(fly)kitesintheparkonSundays.29.SofarI(make)quiteafewfriendshere...Dontmakeanynoise.Grandma(sleep)..They(be)anEnglisheveningnextweek..Thestudents(clean)theirclassroomtomoiTow..yourmother(read)newspaperinthemorning?Yes,She1(work)heresinceI(move)herein1999..She(notdo)exercisethreedaysago..thegirl(do)herhomeworkeveryevening?.They(play)thepianoonceaweek..Thegirl(visit)herfriendintwodays..UsualIymymother(wash)thedishesafterlunch..Mymother(be)ateachersince2003..Thechildoften(watch)TVintheevening..Whathe(do)atthemoment?He(dance)..it(ram)whenyouleftschool?Yes,it.(No,it)Whatyourfatlier(do)whenthebell(門鈴)(ring)(響)？We(read)bookswhentheelectricity(電)(go)off(停掉).Hurryup!Tlieschoolbus(leave)soon.Hewasfifty-six.Intwoyearshe(be)fifty-eight.He(notdo)homeworkeverySunday.We(leam)about4000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.Shetoldmeshe(be)toSanyathreetimes..We(paint)thehousebeforewemovedin.you(brush)yourteetheverymorning?Mike(read)Englisheveryday?Whatshe(find)inthegardenlastmoniiiig?She(find)abeautifulbutterfly.55.TheSpringFestival(come)soon.Yest