概述：動(dòng)詞形式是英語學(xué)習(xí)中的難點(diǎn)。動(dòng)詞形式分為謂語動(dòng)詞形式和非謂語動(dòng)詞形式兩類。謂語形式有時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣和單復(fù)數(shù)形式，4種形式主要表達(dá)在時(shí)態(tài)形式。動(dòng)詞作謂語時(shí)，必須反映動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，即動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)分為四類：一般時(shí)、進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí)、完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。一般時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間〔過去、現(xiàn)在、將來〕，進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作在某一時(shí)間或時(shí)期正在發(fā)生，完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的結(jié)果，完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的持續(xù)。如：Heworks.Heworked.Hewillwork.Hewouldwork.Heisworking.Hewasworking.Hewillbeworking.Hewouldbeworking.Hehasworked.Hehadworked.Hewillhaveworked.Hewouldhaveworked.Hehasbeenworking.Hehadbeenworking.Hewillhavebeenworking.Hewouldhavebeenworking.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的掌握可以分為兩個(gè)部分，首先要熟練掌握八種基本時(shí)態(tài)，即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)和過去將來時(shí)。在熟練掌握這八種基本時(shí)態(tài)基礎(chǔ)上，就能比較容易的掌握另外的幾種較為復(fù)雜的時(shí)態(tài)，還可以很容易理解這些時(shí)態(tài)所表達(dá)的意思以及掌握其用法。

對(duì)于基本時(shí)態(tài)，可以分為現(xiàn)在和過去兩大塊：表示現(xiàn)在的情況用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；表示現(xiàn)在某時(shí)的情況用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；表示過去發(fā)生對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響的動(dòng)作用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；表示過去發(fā)生持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)；表示將來的動(dòng)作用一般將來時(shí)；表示過去的動(dòng)作用一般過去時(shí)；表示過去某時(shí)的情況用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；表示過去某時(shí)前的情況用過去完成時(shí)；表示過去某時(shí)以后的情況用過去將來時(shí)。動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成和用法(附被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成)：1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞原形或動(dòng)詞原形＋s/es

被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：am/is/are+動(dòng)詞-ed(am,is,are表示現(xiàn)在,動(dòng)詞-ed表示被動(dòng))。用法：1)表示現(xiàn)在的情況、動(dòng)作或事件。如

Hisfatherworksinabank.2)表示不斷重復(fù)的動(dòng)作，或經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。通常與often,always,sometimes,every+時(shí)間名詞連用。如:Igetupat7:00everyday.3)表示客觀事實(shí)，即過去、現(xiàn)在、將來都不會(huì)改變的情況。如:Summerfollowsspring.Theearthmovesroundthesun.4)表示將來，用于談?wù)摃r(shí)間表、日程表、節(jié)目單等安排好的活動(dòng)。如:Theplanetakesoffat8:00intheeveningonDecember21st.2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：構(gòu)成：am/is/are+動(dòng)詞-ing(am,is,are表示現(xiàn)在,動(dòng)詞-ing表示進(jìn)行)

被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：am/is/are+being+動(dòng)詞-ed用法：1)表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或事件，常常與now,atthemoment,just等連用。如：

Whatareyoudoing?I'mjustrepairingmybike.(現(xiàn)在)Wearepreparingfortheexamsatthemoment.(現(xiàn)階段)2)表示暫時(shí)的情況。如：

Yourfatherisusingtheladder.Don'ttakeitaway.(非說話時(shí))Theriverisflowingveryfastafterlastnight'srain.(說話時(shí))3)表示重復(fù)的動(dòng)作：常與always,constantly,continually,forever等連用，表示不斷重復(fù)的動(dòng)作。如：

She'salwayshelpingpeople.Ourburglaralarmisforevergoingofffornoreason(Itdoesn'twork).4)表示將來的動(dòng)作：指事先安排好的動(dòng)作，通常需要有上下文或時(shí)間狀語。如We'respendingnextwinterholidayinAustralia.轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞常常用于進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來的動(dòng)作.如:Thetrainisleavinginnotime比較Look!Thetrainisleaving.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)比較：1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)著重表示某人或某物現(xiàn)在的情況；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)那么強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在暫時(shí)性的或現(xiàn)階段的動(dòng)作。如:Hestudiesinamiddleschoolhere.〔他的一般情況〕Heisstudyinginamiddleschoolhere.〔他現(xiàn)階段的情況〕2)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示時(shí)間表上的安排;現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來的計(jì)劃如:Theperformanceisputonat7:30,Sundayevening,December15th.〔根據(jù)節(jié)目演出的時(shí)間表〕We'respendingnextwinterholidayinAustralia.(我們的安排)3)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示某人的情況或?yàn)槿?現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示某人不斷重復(fù)的動(dòng)作,通常有著某種感情色彩.如:Sheoftenhelpspeople.〔她平常的為人〕She'salwayshelpingpeople.〔她重復(fù)的動(dòng)作〕注意：由于進(jìn)行時(shí)表示的是正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，因此，表示狀態(tài)、結(jié)果、情感、思維等的動(dòng)詞不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。這類動(dòng)詞有：狀態(tài)類：addup〔有意義〕,afford,appear〔似乎〕,belongto,comeabout,comefrom〔出生地〕,contain,cost,differfrom,equal,feel〔摸起來〕,fit,happento,have/havegot,hold〔容納〕,include,keep+動(dòng)詞-ing,know(認(rèn)識(shí)),look(看起來),mean(意思是),own,possess,prove〔證明是〕,seem,smell,sound,standfor,taste,etc.結(jié)果類：catch〔聽懂〕,find〔發(fā)現(xiàn)〕hear,makeout〔弄懂〕,notice,observe,see,smell〔聞到〕,taste〔嘗到〕,etc.情感類：admire,appreciate,astonish,attract,believein,careabout,dare,dislike,doubt,envy,fear,hate,hope,impress,interest,like,love,mean,mind,please,regret,respect,can'tstand,trust,value,etc.思維類：agree,appreciate,believe,consider〔認(rèn)為〕,disagree,disbelieve,expect,feel,figure〔美：捉摸〕,find,getit〔弄懂〕,guess,hear,hearabout,hearof,hope,imagine,know〔知道〕,realize,recognize,regard,see,seethrough,suppose,tell〔辨認(rèn)〕,think〔認(rèn)為〕,understand,wonder,etc.3)一般過去時(shí)：構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)形式(動(dòng)詞-ed或不規(guī)那么的過去時(shí)形式。)被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：was/were+動(dòng)詞-ed(was,were表示過去,動(dòng)詞-ed表示被動(dòng))用法：1)表示已經(jīng)結(jié)束的動(dòng)作：指過去發(fā)生而現(xiàn)在己結(jié)束的事件、動(dòng)作或情況，可以是最近發(fā)生的，也可能是很久前發(fā)生的。如:Tomphonedyouamomentago.PaperwasfirstinventedinChinacenturiesago.2)表示過去的習(xí)慣：常常與often,usually,always等連用。比較一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三種用法。如:Hesmokedapackofcigaretteseverydaytillhegaveupsmoking.SometimestheSmithswentcampinginthecountry.3)表示剛發(fā)生的事，通常不必說明時(shí)間。如

Didthetelephonering?Wholeftthedooropen?4.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：構(gòu)成：was/were+動(dòng)詞-ing(was,were表示過去,

動(dòng)詞-ing表示進(jìn)行)

被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：was/were+being+動(dòng)詞-ed

用法：1)表示過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的情況，常常與then,atthatmoment,just等連用。如:Hewaswateringinthegardenatthatmoment.Mr.Blackwasworkinginthefactory.2)表示某事發(fā)生前正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，通常表示這一動(dòng)作被后發(fā)生的事所中斷。如:Theywerehavingsupperwhenthetelephonerang.JustasIwasleavinghouse,thedooropened.3)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)同時(shí)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如:Whiletheteacherwasreadingthearticle,thestudentswerewriting.4)表示重復(fù)的行為：與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)第三種用法相似。如:Theoldmanwasalwayssayingthesamewordstostrangers.5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：構(gòu)成：has/have+動(dòng)詞-ed(have,has表示現(xiàn)在,動(dòng)詞-ed表示完成)

被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：has/have+been+動(dòng)詞-ed用法：1)表示過去開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，常常與以下時(shí)間詞語連用：before(now)〔在此以前〕,It‘sthefirsttime...〔第一次〕,sofar〔到目前為止〕,since+時(shí)間〔從過去某時(shí)到現(xiàn)在為止〕,uptillnow〔直到現(xiàn)在〕,uptothepresent〔直到目前〕,ever〔任何時(shí)候〕,never〔從不，不僅僅用于完成時(shí)〕,for+時(shí)間〔不僅僅用于完成時(shí)〕,in/forthepast+時(shí)間〔過去多長時(shí)間以來〕?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的這一用法要求動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)動(dòng)詞，非持續(xù)動(dòng)詞不可用于這一時(shí)態(tài)。如:Chinahaschangedagreatdealinthepast20years.Ithasrainedeverydaysofarthismonth.It‘sthefirsttimeIhavebeeninthistown.比較:TheSmithfamilylivedhereformorethan10years,butnowtheyliveinLondon.〔表示他們已經(jīng)不在本地居住了〕TheSmithswilllivehereforhalfayear.(表示他們現(xiàn)在還沒有在這里居住)如果需要表示瞬間動(dòng)詞的持續(xù)時(shí)間,可以用“It‘s時(shí)間+since…〞的句子結(jié)構(gòu)來表示.如:It's6monthssinceTomcamehere.=Tomhasbeenherefor6months.對(duì)于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能望文生義，完成時(shí)在表示持續(xù)動(dòng)作時(shí)其實(shí)并未完成，動(dòng)作尚未結(jié)束，還在持續(xù)之中；而一般過去時(shí)的動(dòng)作才是已經(jīng)結(jié)束的動(dòng)作。2)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果。過去動(dòng)作雖然已經(jīng)完成，但仍然存在著影響或結(jié)果。如:Haveyoupassedyourdrivingtest?Wherehaveyouputthedictionary?Ican'tfinditanywhere.

在說明具體情況時(shí)要用過去時(shí)。如:IpassedmydrivingtestwhenIwas16yearsold.Iputthedictionaryinmydeskjustnow,butnowit’sgone.

3)表示最近發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常常與just,already,yet,still,recently等連用。如:HehasrecentlymovedinherefromNewYork.Mycarhasjustbeenrepaired.Haveyoutypedthelettersalready?Shestillhaven'tpastherdrivingtest.4)表示反復(fù)性或習(xí)慣性。常常與often,frequently及表示次數(shù)之類的詞連用。如Shehasattendedclassesregularly.Shehasalwaysworkedhard.IhavewatchedhimappearonTVseveraltimes.6.過去完成時(shí)：構(gòu)成：had+動(dòng)詞-ed被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：had+been+動(dòng)詞-ed用法：1)表示較早的過去，即發(fā)生在過去某時(shí)之前并已經(jīng)結(jié)束的動(dòng)作〔所謂過去的過去時(shí)〕。注意，過去完成時(shí)必須用于表示某個(gè)時(shí)間之前的動(dòng)作，必須有一過去時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)。常常與以下表示時(shí)間的詞語連用：already,ever,for+一段時(shí)間，since+具體時(shí)間,just,never,never...before,etc.如:Thepatienthaddiedwhenthedoctorarrived.〔病人去世，醫(yī)生才到〕Thedoctorhadarrivedwhenthepatientdied.〔醫(yī)生已到，病人不治去世〕Thepatientdiedwhenthedoctorarrived.〔在醫(yī)生到達(dá)時(shí)，病人去世〕在使用when的時(shí)候,要特別注意動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后時(shí)間.Thechildrenlovedthezoo.Theyhadneverseenwildanimalsbefore.2)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成，通常與by+具體時(shí)間連用。如IbegancollectingstampsinFebruary;byNovemberIhadcollected200hundredstamps.3)表示未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望或愿望。通常使用expect,hope,mean,suppose,think,want,intend等動(dòng)詞的過去完成時(shí)〔包括過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)〕表示想做未做的事。如:Ihadhopedtosendhimatelegramtocongratulatehimonhismarriage,butIjustdidn'tmanageit.

4)與Nosooner...than〔才...就〕,或Hardly/Scarcely/Barely...when〔才/剛剛/僅僅...就〕連用。如:Mr.Greenhadnosoonerbegunhisspeechthanhewasinterrupted.當(dāng)nosooner,hardly,scarcely,barely出現(xiàn)在句首時(shí),句子結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)使用倒裝句.如:Hardly(scarcely/barely)hadhearrivedwhenhiswifeleft.5)使用過去完成時(shí)的必要性和非必要性：在句子意思十分清楚時(shí)，不必使用過去完成時(shí)。如AfterI(had)finished,Iwenthome.Shewaswearingthenecklacewhichhermother(had)lefther.Igotoutofthetaxi,paidthefare,tippedthedriveranddashedintothestation.在使用when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，必須精確表達(dá)正確的時(shí)間先后關(guān)系。如:WhenIarrived,sheleftforthestation.〔同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作〕WhenIarrived,shehadleftforthestation.〔先離開〕6)在上下文中的過去完成時(shí)的用法：主要側(cè)重于確定事件發(fā)生的順序。如Whenwereturnedfromourholidays,wefoundourhouseinamess(亂七八糟).Whathadhappenedwhilewehadbeenaway?Aburglarhadbrokenintothehouseandhadstolenalotofourthings.(由于被盜時(shí)間和回家時(shí)間的先后關(guān)系已經(jīng)確定，所以接下來仍用一般過去時(shí))Theburglargotinthroughthekitchenwindow.Hehadnodifficultyinforcingitopen...過去完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的比較：過去完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在一般過去時(shí)的動(dòng)作之前，或必須有一個(gè)過去時(shí)間作為參照點(diǎn)，表示動(dòng)作在這一時(shí)間之前完成，特別是在與when或by+過去時(shí)間連用時(shí)。如

Whenhearrivedatthestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.Hehadlearnedhowtoplaythepianobytheageofsix.7.一般將來時(shí)：構(gòu)成：shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成：shall/will+be+動(dòng)詞-ed其它形式：am/is/are+goingto+動(dòng)詞原形〔打算做〕am/is/are+to+動(dòng)詞原形〔要求做〕am/is/are+aboutto+動(dòng)詞原形〔正要做〕am/is/are+onthepointof+動(dòng)詞-ing〔正要做〕am/is/are+dueto+動(dòng)詞原形〔預(yù)定要做〕

注：shall用于第一人稱，特別是用于疑問句、否定句中。Will可以用于所有人稱。當(dāng)用于第一人稱時(shí)，愿意或不愿意。Shall在特定的情況下，也可以用于第二、三人稱，表示許諾、命令、威脅等。用法：1)shall/will可以用來表示設(shè)想會(huì)發(fā)生的事。如:Itwillraintomorrow.Willhousepricesriseagainnextyear?Idon'tknowifIshallseeyounextweek.其它用法，表示不同的語氣。如:I'llbuyyouabicycleforyourbirthday.〔允諾〕Willyouholdthedooropenforme,please?〔請(qǐng)求〕ShallIgetyourcoatforyou?〔提議〕Shallwegoforaswimtomorrow?〔建議〕Justwait---you'llregretthis.〔威脅〕2)Will在正式語體中表示計(jì)劃安排的事情，尤其是書面語，多用will而不用begoingto。如

TheweddingwilltakeplaceonJune27th.TheconferencewillbeattheHinjiangHotel.3)Will/shall常常用于表示希望、期待等意義的動(dòng)詞后，這類動(dòng)詞有besure,beafraid,believe,doubt,expect,hope,suppose,think，etc.如:Ihopeyou'llcomeagain.Heissurethathewillsucceed.其它形式用法1)am/is/are+goingtodo：表示不久即將發(fā)生的事，說話人也許對(duì)此預(yù)先有所了解。但是在正式語體中，多用will而不用begoingto。如

Oh,look.It'sgoingtorain.(Thereareblackcloudsinthesky.)Theyaregoingtobemarriedsoon.(Herbrothertoldmethat.)

還可以表示意圖、打算等。如：

I'mgoingtopracticethepianofor2hoursthisevening.WearegoingtoseeafilmthisSaturdayevening.但是，在表示說話時(shí)決定某事時(shí)，用will,不用begoingto。如:Wearereallylost.I'llstopandasksomeonetheway.如果想明確表示意圖和打算，那么用intendto,planto不用begoingto。如：Theyaregoingtobuildanewmotorwaytothewest.Theyplantobuildanewmotorwaytothewest.〔明確打算〕2)am/is/aretodo：表示為人所控制，如正式的安排或公務(wù)、指示或命令、公告或禁止等。如:OPEC(歐佩克)representativesaretomeetinGenevanextTuesday.Youaretodelivertheseflowersbefore10:00.Youarenottotellhimanythingaboutourplans.3)am/is/areabouttodo表示不久的將來，即將、很快就會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：Look!Theraceisabouttostart.4)am/is/areonthepointofdoing:表示更近的將來。如：Look!Theyareonthepointofstarting.5)am/is/areduetodo:表示時(shí)刻表,旅行計(jì)劃的安排。如：TheBA(英航〕561isduetoarriveat14:15.8.過去將來時(shí)：構(gòu)成：was/weregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形〔打算要〕wasaboutto+動(dòng)詞原形〔正要〕wasto+動(dòng)詞原形/wastohave+動(dòng)詞-ed〔注定要〕wasonthepointof+動(dòng)詞-ing〔正要〕wasdueto+動(dòng)詞原形〔預(yù)定要〕would+動(dòng)詞原形〔只用于一定的上下文、間接引語〕.用法：1)表示過去預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)發(fā)生并發(fā)生了的事。如Icouldn'tgotoTom'spartyasIwasabouttogointohospital2)也可表示過去無法預(yù)見的結(jié)果。如Littledidtheyknowtheyweretomeetagain10yearslater.3)表示過去因故中斷，被妨礙或被阻止的動(dòng)作。如WewerejustgoingtoleavewhenTomfellandhurthisknee.IwastoseeBobthenextday,buttheappointmenthasbeencancelled.4)表示注定要發(fā)生的事。如:Einsteinwasstillayoungman.Hisdiscoverieshadnotbeenpublishedyet.Buttheyweretochangethewholeworld.5)用于間接引語以及表示現(xiàn)在的虛擬語氣句子中.如:Tomsaidthathewoulddobetternexttime.Ifheworkedhard,hewouldpasstheexaminationthistime.9.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：構(gòu)成：has/have+been+動(dòng)詞-ing

用法：1)表示過去某時(shí)開始的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并在持續(xù)期間內(nèi)不斷進(jìn)行著。如:Ihavebeenworkingforfiveyears.IthasbeenrainingsincelastFriday.2)表示重復(fù)的動(dòng)作。如:JimhasbeenringingJohneverynightforthelastweek.3)表示根據(jù)直接或間接證據(jù)而得出結(jié)論，很少使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如:Youreyesarered.You'vebeencrying.Theroomissmelly.Someone'sbeensmokinginhere.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別：Ihavepaintedthisroom.〔已完成〕Ihavebeenpaintingthisroom.〔末完成〕Ithasrainalltheweek.(中途或者中斷過〕Ithasbeenrainingalltheday.〔中途未停止過〕10.過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：構(gòu)成：hadbeen+動(dòng)詞-ing

用法：1)表示過去某時(shí)或某動(dòng)作之前一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如:Hehadbeenworkinghardbythetimehebecamealawyer.WhenIgothome,IfoundJackhadbeenpaintinghisroom.2)表示重復(fù)的動(dòng)作。如:YouhadbeensayingthatagainandagainandIcouldrepeatit.11.將來進(jìn)行時(shí)：構(gòu)成：shall/will+be+動(dòng)詞-ing用法：1)表示最近或很久的將來正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如Hurryup!Theguestswillbearrivingatanyminute!AspaceshipwillbecirclingJupiter〔木星〕in5years'time.2)表示說話人設(shè)想已經(jīng)安排好的事。如Bythistimetomorrow,I'llbelyingonthebeach.3)表示安排和計(jì)劃：與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一樣，表示已計(jì)劃好的事，特別是與旅行有關(guān)的事。如We'llbespendingthewinterinAustralia.12.將來完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：shall/willhave+動(dòng)詞-ed用法：表示將來某時(shí)前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，常與by,not...until+將來時(shí)間連用，以及與以下動(dòng)詞如build,complete,finish,believe,expect,hope,suppose連用。如:Iexpectyou'llhavechangedyoumindbytomorrow.13.將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：構(gòu)成：shall/willhavebeen+動(dòng)詞-ing用法：表示某種情況一直持續(xù)到說話人提及的時(shí)間。如:Bythistimenextweek,I’llhavebeenworkingforthiscompanyfor24years.14.過去將來完成時(shí)：構(gòu)成would+have+動(dòng)詞-ed

用法：通常用于虛擬語氣表示過去沒有發(fā)生過的情況。如:IfIhadbeenyou,Iwouldhaveacceptedhisinvitation.IwouldhavehelpedyoubutIwasnotfree.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)練習(xí)100題1.WhenIsawMary,she______onthepiano.A.isplayingB.playsC.wasplayingD.played2.She______thedoorbeforeshegoesaway.hadlockedB.islockingC.haslocked.D.waslocking.3.Ahunterisamanwho______animals.A.catchB.catchesC.willcatchD.wascatching4.What_____ifIdrinkthis?happensB.ishappeningC.willhappenD.ishappened5.IwillvisityouifFather______me.A.letB.letsC.islettingD.willlet6.Lookout!Thattree_____falldown.A.isgoingtoB.willbeC.shallD.would7.Myuncle_____toseeme.He'llbeheresoon.A.comesB.iscomingC.hadcomeD.came8.Theycan'tleaveuntilthey_____theirwork.A.didB.aredoingC.havedoneD.hasdone9."Hasheseenthisfilm?""Yes.He______itseveraldaysago."A.sawB.hasseenC.hadseenD.wasseeing10.NowMikeisn'there.He______MrGreen's.Perhapshe______backinafewminutes.A.wentto;iscomingB.hasgoneto;willcomeC.hasbeento;willbeD.isgoingto;hascome11.Thatdayhe_______hisclothesbeforehecametoseeme.haswashedB.washedC.hadbeenwashingD.waswashed12.Ihaven'tfinishedmycomposition.I______fortwohoursandahalf.A.havewrittenitB.havebeenwritingitC.wroteitD.amwrittingit13.IwilltakemydaughterwithmewhenI_____ShangHai,gotoB.willgotoC.havebeentoD.havegoneto14.Thisbrightgirl______thetruthinfrontoftheenemy.A.didn'tsayB.couldn'tspeaktoC.saidD.didn'ttell15.Thebridgewhich______lastyearlooksreally

beautiful.

A.wasbuiltB.built

C.wassetupD.hadbeenbuilt

16."When______schoolbegin?""NextMonday."

goingto

17.Iwill______heretillyougivemesomemoney.

leave

18.I_____heresinceImovedhere.

A.willworkB.worked

C.workD.havebeenworking

19.EverytimeI_____there,Iwillbuyhim

somethingnice.

A.wentB.willgoC.goD.havegone20.Itwassaidthathisfather______.A.hasdiedB.died.C.hasbeendeadD.haddied21.Wewon'tgounlessyou______soon.A.hadcomeB.cameC.willcomeD.come22._____sixyearssinceIbeganstudyingEnglish.A.TheyhavebeenB.itisC.ItwasD.Thereare23.They______theSummerPalacethreetimes.A.havegonetoB.havebeentoC.havebeeninD.havegoneinto24."Howlonghaven'tweseeneachother?""Well,it_____nearlytwoyearssincewe______last."A.is/havemetB.was/hadmetC.is/metD.hasbeen/hadmet25."Haveyouseentheartexhibition?""No,_____there."A.itwasnotbeingheldB.theydidn'tholdC.ithadnotheldD.theywereholdingit26.Don'tgetoffthebusuntilit______.A.stopB.willstopC.stoppedD.hasstopped27."Where______therecorder?Ican'tseeitanywhere.""I_____itrighthere.Butnowit'sgone."A.didyouput/haveputB.haveyouput/putC.hadyouput/wasputtingD.wereyouputting/haveput28.Theyaskedmetohaveadrinkwiththem.Isaidthatitwas10yearssinceI______agooddrink.A.hadenjoyedB.wasenjoyingC.enjoyedD.hadbeenenjoying29.Don'tcometonight.Iwouldratheryou_____tomorrow.A.comeB.cameC.willcomeD.coming30.______you______?A.Do/marryB.Have/marriedC.Have/beenmarriedD.Are/married31.Whenhe______allthenewspapers,he'llgohome.A.sellsB.hassoldC.willhavesoldD.willbesold32."Thiscloth_____welland_____long.""Ok.I'lltakeit."A.washes/lastsB.iswashed/lastedC.washes/islastedD.iswashing/lasting33."Hurryup,you______onthephone.""Oh,I'mcoming.Thankyou."A.arewantedB.arebeingwantedC.wantD.arewanting34.I______seeyou,butIdidn't,forIhadnotime.A.hadwantedtoB.haswantedtoC.wantedD.waswanted35.I______inGuangZhouforsixyearsbythisOctober.A.havelivedB.waslivingC.willbelivingD.shallhavelived36.Bythistimenextyearhe______fromthecollege.A.willbegraduatingB.shouldbegraduatingC.willhavegraduatedD.isgraduating37.Ourteachertoldusthattheearth_____fromwesttoeast.A.turnsB.turnC.hasturnedD.hadturned38.Mybrother_____whilehe_____hisbicycleandhurthimself.A.fell/wasridingB.fell/wereridingC.hadfallen/rodeD.hadfallen/wasriding39.Billsaidhe____twenty-onethenextyear.A.wasgoingtobeB.wasabouttobeC.couldbeD.wastobe40.Itishightimeyou_____inbednow.A.areB.wereC.willbeD.wouldbe41.Afterawhileanagreement_____.A.wasarrivedatB.wasarrivedinC.wasarrivedD.hasbeenarrived42.TheairlinerfromBeijing_____at3:00p.m.A.isabouttoarriveB.hasarrivedC.arrivesD.isgoingtoarrive43.______,thatstepisnotsafe!A.LookaroundB.LookupC.LookoutD.Lookdown44."Haveyou_____himtogiveupsmoking?""No.I_____,buthewouldn'tlisten."A.persuaded/triedB.tried/persuadedC.tried/triedD.persuaded/persuaded45.Theresearchlaboratoryisgoingto______thenewtypeofcomputertouse.A.takeB.makeC.putD.send46.Idon'tknowwhenhe______,butwhenhe______,I'llletyouknow.A.willcome/comesB.comes/willcomeC.comes/comesD.willcome/willcome47.Howmuchdoyouthinkthatvase_____?A.iscostB.usedC.waspaidforD.cost48.I_____thathewouldbeabletoleavetomorrow,butit'sbeginningtolookdiffcult.A.hopeB.hadhopedC.hopedD.amhoping49.“Comeon,Peter,Iwanttoshowyousomething.〞“Oh,howniceofyou,I_____you_____tobringmeagift.〞A.neverthink/aregoingB.neverthought/weregoingC.didn’tthink/aregoingD.hadn’tthought/weregoing50.It’saniceflat,butit_____aproperbathroom.A.haven’tgotB.hasn’tgotC.wouldn’tgetD.doesn’thavegot51.Shehadashockwhensheheardthenews,_____?A.hadn’tsheB.didn’tsheC.wouldn’tsheD.won’tshe52.Thisliquid_____thesaltatroomtemperature.A.becamemixedwithB.wasmixedbyC.mixeswithD.hasbeenmixingby53.Anexhibitionofpaintings____atthemuseumnextweek.A.aretobeheldB.istobeheldC.areholdingD.willhold54.I'msorry,sir.Yourrecorderisn'treadyyet.It_____inthefactory.A.isbeingrepairedB.isrepairedC.hasbeenrepairedD.hasn'trepaired55.Everypossiblemeans_____,butnoneprovesuccessful.A.hastriedB.hasbeentriedC.isbeingtriedD.tried56._______thattheycanpassthewrittenexamthistime.A.ThatishopedB.ItishopedC.ThathopesD.Ithopes57.Mylittlesisterhasbrokenmywatch.Mywatch_____bymylittlesister.A.isbrokenB.hasbrokenC.havebeenbrokenD.hasbeenbroken58.HewascleaninghisroomwhenIenteredthehouse.Hisroom_____byhimwhenIenteredtheroom.A.wasbeingcleanedB.wascleanedC.wasbeingcleaningD.hasbeencleaned59.Ishallhavefinishedreadingthenovelbydinnertime.Thisnovel_____reading(byme)bydinnertime.A.willhavefinished.B.willhasbeenfinishedC.willhavebeingfinishedD.willhavebeenfinished60.Yououghttokeepthesethreeroomsclean.Thesethreerooms______(byyou).oughtedtokeepcleanB.oughttokeptcleantobekeptcleanD.oughttohavebeenkeptclean61.Youareabouttowriteapoem,aren'tyou?Apoem_____(byyou),_____?A.isabouttobewritten,aren'tyouB.isabouttobewriting,isn’titC.isabouttobewriting,aren'tyouD.isabouttobewritten,isn’tit62.Shehadbetterleaveanotetohim.Anote_____tohim(byher).A.hadbetterleftB.hadbebetterleftC.hadbetterbeleftD.hadbetterbeenleft63.Hedoesn'tdohishomeworkeveryday.Hishomework______byhimeveryday.A.doesn'tbedoneB.aren'tdoneC.don'tbedoneD.isn’tdone64.Wemusttakecareofourparentswhentheyareold.Ourparents______whentheyareold.A.mustbetakencareB.mustbetookcarsC.musttakecareofD.mustbetakencareof65.Peoplelookdownuponhimbecauseheisaliar.He_____becauseheisaliar.lookeddownB.islookeddownuponC.looksdownuponD.looksdown66.Fatherwillgivemeadictionaryonmybirthday.Adictionary______mebyFatheronmybirthday.A.shallbegiventoB.willgiveC.shallgivetoD.willbegivingto67.Weelectedherleader.She_____byus.A.iselectedleaderB.wasleaderelectedC.waselectedleaderD.leaderwaselected68.----Peoplewholivealongthisroadreceivetheirmailintheseboxes.----Whyareallofthe______?paintedmailboxesgreypaintedpaintedgreygreymailboxes

69.Isawhimentertheroom.He______theroom.A.isseenenterB.isseentoenterC.wasseentoenterD.wasseenenter70.