PAGEPAGE14Introduction狀語(yǔ)從句典型例題解析例1、Generallyspeaking,_________accordingtodirections,thedrughasnoside-effect.A.whentaking B.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken答案為B。【解析】這是一個(gè)由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，原句應(yīng)為“Generallyspeaking,whenitistakenaccording…”。由于take用被動(dòng)時(shí)，主從句主語(yǔ)一致，因此從句中的itwas可以被省略，簡(jiǎn)化為whentaken…分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，而選A、C時(shí)則缺乏主語(yǔ)。譯文：通常地說(shuō)，當(dāng)這藥按照指導(dǎo)說(shuō)明被服用的話(huà)是沒(méi)有副作用的。例2、—Dad,I'vefinishedmyassignment.—Good,and_________youplayorwatchTV,youmustn'tdisturbme.A.whenever B.whetherC.whatever D.nomatter答案為B。【解析】nomatter不能直接引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)用nomatter+wh族疑問(wèn)詞方可，故排除D；盡管A、C都有“無(wú)論”的意思，但只有B項(xiàng)whether可與or連用，表示選擇，即“無(wú)論你玩還是看電視，不許打擾我”。例3、Thefamousscientistgrewup_______hewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai.A.when B.wheneverC.where D.wherever答案為C?！窘馕觥縲here引導(dǎo)的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。譯文：這位著名的科學(xué)家在他的出生地長(zhǎng)大，1930年他來(lái)到上海。因?yàn)樵趶木渲杏斜硎緯r(shí)間的介詞短語(yǔ)in1930,所以可以排除when和whenever;wherever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)，意思是“無(wú)論在哪里”，與句意不符。例4、________,Ihaveneverseenanyonewho'sascapableasJohn.A.AslongasIhavetraveled B.NowthatIhavetraveledsomuchC.MuchasIhavetraveled D.AsIhavetraveledsomuch答案為C?！窘馕觥窟@是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。as在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要把形容詞或副詞放在它的前面。如果是名詞，一般不加冠詞。如：Childasheis,hehaslearnedtwothousandnewwords.Aslongas“只要……”引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；Nowthat“既然”引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句；As“因?yàn)椤币龑?dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。譯文：雖然我走過(guò)了那么多地方，我從來(lái)沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)像約翰這樣有能力的人。例5、Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey________.A.havesurvived B.aretosurviveC.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive答案為B?！窘馕觥窟@是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主句用了一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，一般不能使用將來(lái)時(shí)，但能和betodo的形式連用，所以應(yīng)填aretosurvive。譯文：在如此干旱的天氣里，如果你想要花成活，就得給它們澆水。例6、TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname_____itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.A.aslongasB.while C.if D.eventhough答案選C?！窘馕觥繌木渥右馑伎芍?，是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。aslongas“只要……”引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常用肯定句，所以要填if。譯文：如果WTO不包括一個(gè)占人類(lèi)五分之一的國(guó)家，它就名不符實(shí)了。例7、Shefoundhercalculator________shelostit.A.whereB.whenC.inwhich D.that答案為A。【解析】這是一個(gè)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“東西是在丟的地方找到的。”inwhich用于定語(yǔ)從句中，其前必須有先行詞。這個(gè)句子中沒(méi)有先行詞，所以不能填inwhich。例8、—I'mgoingtothepostoffice.—________you'rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?A.As B.While C.Because D.If答案為B?！窘馕觥縲hile引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。這句話(huà)的意思是“當(dāng)你在那兒的時(shí)候，是否能給我買(mǎi)一些郵票？”as雖然也可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，但其意思是“一邊……一邊……”；because引導(dǎo)的是原因狀語(yǔ)從句；if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)方已經(jīng)說(shuō)明要到郵局去，不能再作假設(shè)。例9、Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings________youcanfindthemagain.A.whenB.whereC.then D.there答案為B?！窘馕觥縲here引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。這句話(huà)的意思是“你應(yīng)該作出一個(gè)規(guī)矩，把東西放在你能再找到它們的地方。”例10、We'llhavetofinishthejob,________.A.longittakeshoweverB.ittakeshoweverlongC.longhoweverittakesD.howeverlongittakes答案選D?！窘馕觥縣owever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。要用陳述句的語(yǔ)序。Presentation常用連接詞名稱(chēng)常用連詞1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句when,while,as,before,till,until,once,bythetime,since,eversince,whenever,assoonas,hardly…when,nosooner…than,thefirsttime,themoment,eachtime,everytime,directly,immediately,instantly，aslongas(長(zhǎng)達(dá))2.原因狀語(yǔ)從句because,as,since,nowthat,forthereasonthat,inthat,notthat…butthat,seeingthat,consideringthat,3.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,4.條件狀語(yǔ)從句if,unless,aslongas,providing/provided,suppose/supposing(that),onconditionthat,giventhat,whatif,incase5.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句although,though,as,eventhough/if,whether…or,疑問(wèn)詞+ever或nomatter+wh-疑問(wèn)詞，granted(that)(即使),6.目的狀語(yǔ)從句inorderthat,sothat,forthepurposethat,forfearthat,incase(以防)，lest(以免)7.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句sothat,so…that,suchthat,such…that8.方式狀語(yǔ)從句as,justas,(in)theway(that),asif,asthough,9.比較狀語(yǔ)從句as…as,notso…as,than,themore…themore,as…so,★注意：1.需要倒裝的情況：1)hardly,scarcely或nosooner等置于句首例如：我一到家就開(kāi)始下雨了。Hardly/ScarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.2)Notuntil…在句首，主句用倒裝。例如：直到19世紀(jì)初，人類(lèi)才知道熱能是什么。直到我開(kāi)始工作，我才認(rèn)識(shí)到了我已蹉跎了幾多歲月。Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcenturydidmanknowwhatheatis.NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.2.When,as,while用法區(qū)分：1)當(dāng)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于主句動(dòng)作之前，只能用when引導(dǎo)這個(gè)從句，不可用as或while。例如：Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.2)如從句表示"隨時(shí)間推移"，連詞能用as，不用when或while。例如：Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.★練習(xí)1.lastweek,shelivedaquietandhappylifeinthatarea.CA.Notuntiltheearth-movingmachinescame B.Theearth-movingmachinescameC.Untiltheearth-movingmachinescame D.Thencametheearth-movingmachines2.—whenhasthecountrybeenopentointernationaltrade?A—1978,Isuppose.A.Since B.In C.From D.After3.Theprojectwon’tcarryonwecangetfinancialaidfromthegovernment.AA.unless B.though C.whether D.until4.Thenumberofwomendyingfrombreastcancerhasfallentoitslowestlevel____recordsbeganin1971.CA.when B.before C.since D.after5.NancyenjoyedherselfsomuchshevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.CA.that B.which C.when D.where6.Youseethelightningithappens,butyouhearthethunderlater.AA.theinstant B.foraninstant C.ontheinstant D.intheinstant7.theyvisitedtheScienceMuseum,theyshowedgreatinterestineverythingtheysaw.AA.Thefirsttime B.Forthefirsttime C.Atfirst D.AtthefirsttimeHowlongdoyouthinkitwillbewecanfindanewwatersource?BA.after B.before C.when D.sinceWewerebeginningtodiscusssuddenlyagreatearthquakehappened.AA.when B.while C.until D.beforeNosoonerhadrescueforcesreachedtheearthquake-strickenareatheygotdowntosavingthoseburiedbeneaththedebris.CA.when B.then C.than D.untilIfoundherniceandhonestIsawher.BA.forthefirsttime B.thefirsttime C.onthefirsttime D.atfirst

★ 注意：For和because用法區(qū)分For引導(dǎo)的從句并不說(shuō)明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因，只是提供一些補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，且不可位于主句前。當(dāng)for從句表示原因時(shí)，有時(shí)可與because互換，所不同的是because分句的位置可前可后，而for分句只能后置，這時(shí)，for前往往須用逗號(hào)或分號(hào)與主句分開(kāi)，引起的從句對(duì)主句加以解釋。有時(shí)，for引起的從句并不表示原因，而是表示一種推斷或解釋?zhuān)鴅ecause則不能。Someoneinthehousemustbeill,foradoctorhasjustcomeout.練習(xí)：1.Liquidsarelikesolidstheyhaveadefinitevolume.AA.inthat B.forthat C.withthat D.atthat2.nobodywasveryinterestedinit,theydecidedtocancelthetrip.DA.Eventhough B.Assoonas C.While D.Seeingthat3. ourcountryhassomanygoodtable-tennisplayers，wehavetodecideonthebestonestotakepartinthegame.BA.Although B.Since C.If D.While4.NotthatJohndoesn’twanttohelpyou,it’sbeyondhispower.AA.butthat B.forthat C.andthat D.inthat5.Animalssufferedatthehandsofmantheirhabitatsweredestroyedbypeopletomakewayforagriculturallandtoprovidefoodformorepeople.D

A.inwhich B.forwhich C.sothat D.inthat6.Tomhasnointerestinpiano,thereisnopointpushinghimtolearnit.A

A.Nowthat B.Incase C.Evenif D.Asif7.Amancannotsmilelikeachild,achildsmileswithhiseyes,whileamansmileswithhislipsalone.D

A.so B.but C.and D.for

注意：區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.(狀)Weshallgowhereworkingconditionsaredifficult.（狀）Weshallgototheplacewhereworkingconditionsaredifficult.（定）★練習(xí)1. You’dbetternotleavethemedicinekidscangetatit.CA.evenif B.which C.where D.sothat2. Ifyouaretraveling thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown，pleasedoastheRomansdo.DA.inwhich B.what C.when D.where3. Inpeace，too，theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp thereishumansuffering.DA.whoever B.however C.whatever D.whereverThevisitoraskedtohavehispicturetaken____stoodthefamoustower.DA.that B.what C.when D.whereThereweredirtymarksonhertrousers____shehadwipedherhands.AA.where B.which C.when D.thatIhavekeptthatpicture_____Icanseeiteveryday,asitalwaysremindsmeofmyhappydaysinmysummerholidays.BA.which B.where C.whether D.whenTosupporthisfamily,theyoungmanwent______hecouldfindwork.DA.everyplace B.tothecitywhich C.theplacewhere D.wherever8. Thegreatscientistwasbroughtup______hewasbornandinhis30shecametoNanjing.C

A.when B.inwhich C.where D.wherever

★ 練習(xí)1.theyareinexperienced,theyhavedoneagoodjob.AA.Giventhat B.Onconditionthat C.providedthat D.Aslongas2.Themenwillhavetowaitalldaythedoctorworksfaster.BA.if B.unless C.whether D.that3.America'scarindustrywillcontinuetobreakdownsomeprogressismadetoclosethegap.CA.since B.because C.unless D.though4.Shh!I’dbegratefulcommentsduringtheconcerts.BA.unlessyoumade B.ifyoudidn’tmake C.providedyoumade D.solongasyoumade5.Idon'tthinkMariawillbedisappointedatthenews，butIwillseeher sheis.CA.asif B.sothat C.incase D.eventhoughThepubliclibrarywillhavetoclose_____thelocalgovernment______togiveextramoney.CA.until;willagree B.when;willagree C.unless;agrees D.if;agreesMyparentsdon’tmindwhereIlive______Iamhappy.CA.eventhough B.assoonas C.aslongas D.asthough8. ______hehasmadeuphismindtodosomething,nothingwillstophim.A

A.Once B.Before C.Although D.Assoon★ 練習(xí)1.youhaveahealthydiet,youcanreduceitsbenefitsbyinappropriateeatinghabits.DA.Justas B.Incase C.Since D.Evenif2.hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.DA.Whatever B.Whenever C.Wherever D.However3.thisisonlyasmalltown,it'scrowdedwithtouristswhocomehereallyearround.DA.Since B.Unless C.Once D.Although4.,hetalksalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass.BA.Aquietstudentashemaybe B.QuietstudentashemaybeC.Beaquietstudentashemay D.Quietashemaybeastudent5.Ireallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.DA.As B．Since C．If

D．While6.Allpeople,theyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.BA.evenif B.whether C.nomatter D.however7.Respectforthelawisthefoundationofcivilizedliving.breaksitwillbepunished.BA.Who B.Whoever C.Nomatterwho D.Peoplewho8.—HowdoyouthinkIshouldreceivethereporter?D

—______youfeelabouthim,trytobepolite.

A.How B.What C.Whatever D.However9._______therearemanybenefits,opponentspointoutproblemswiththenewrequirement.B

A.Since B.While C.As D.IfInatypicalbusinesssituation,women,____,findthemselvesbumpingtheirheadson“glassceiling”,abarriertotheircareerwhichisnotobvioustotheobserver,impossibletobreakthough.BA.astheymighttryB.tryastheymight C.hardlyastheytryD.astheytryveryhard

★ 注意1).“for+動(dòng)名詞”不用于表目的，但“for+名詞”可用于表目的。2).下列介詞短語(yǔ)加動(dòng)名詞可用于表目的：Forthesakeof因?yàn)椤木壒蔉orthepurposeof為了…的目的Withthepurposeof懷著…的目的Withaviewto為的是/著眼于…Withtheaimof其目的是…Withtheintentionof懷著…意圖★ 練習(xí)1.You’dbettertakethedocumentsalongtheywanttoseethem.CA.if B.sothat C.incase D.aslongas2.Myparentsliveinasmallvillage.Theyalwayskeepcandlesinthehouse thereisapowercut.CA.if B.unless C.incase D.sothat3.I’dliketoarrive20minutesearly

Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.DA.assoonas B.asaresult C.incase D.sothat4.Heisworkinghardforfearthathe

.DA.fails B.failed C.wouldfail D.fail1.sothat所以，So…that如此…以至于Suchthat(是)這樣(以致)，such…that如此…以至于Hisprogresswassuchthatitsurprisedhisteacher.Itissuchaheavystonethatnobodycanmoveit.Itissoheavyastonethatnobodycanmoveit.注意：在so…that結(jié)構(gòu)中，so后面常接形容詞或副詞，但在somany,somuch,solittle后可接名詞。2.but而不，butthat而不1).用于主句為否定含義的句中，構(gòu)成前后雙重否定，“but=thatnot”，可譯為：沒(méi)有…不Itneverrainsbutitpours.Heisnotsooldbutthathecanwalk.2).主句為肯定句時(shí)，從屬連詞butthat引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，含義：若不是IwouldgoabroadbutthatIamshortofmoney.Ishouldhavefailedbutthatyouhelpedme.★ 練習(xí)1. rapidprogresshashemadethatwealladmirehim.CA.Very B.So C.Such D.Too2. Suddenlyitbegantorainheavily,itwasalmostimpossibletocarryondriving.BA.nowthat B.sothat C.evenif D.justas3.Theexperienceofimportedcarislikelytobenotenoughpeoplewillbeabletoaffordit.AA.suchthat B.sothat C.inthat D.suchasTheInternetissuchanimportantpartofsociety______ithaseveninfluencedourculture.BA.as B.that C.which D.whereWewerein_____whenweleftthatweforgottheairlineticket.D

A.arushsoanxiousB.asuchanxiousrushC.soananxiousrushD.suchananxiousrush6. Hisplanwassogoodaone______weallagreedtoacceptit.C

A.asB.andC.thatD.which1.as就像，依照，正如justas正如，(In)theway(that)以…的方式She’sdoingherworkthewayIlikeitdone.Justassomepeopleasbornartists,somearebornsportsmen.2.asif，asthough一般用虛擬，但如果從句中所陳述的情況很可能是事實(shí)，也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Heactsasthoughshedidnotexist.Themilksmellsasifitissour.注：asif和asthough從句可用省略形式，后面接不定式、分詞、形容詞或介詞短語(yǔ)。Someflowersshutupatnightasif(theydothisinorder)tosleep.Thegirllookedas(shewas)insearchofsomething.★ 練習(xí)1. Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuthesaidit.B A.inthewaythat B.theway C.intheway D.thewaywhichThetreelookedasifit______foralongtime.C

A.hasn’twateredB.didn’twater C.hadn’tbeenwateredD.wasn’twateredNowadays,foodhasbecomeeasiertoprepare.Hasthischangeimprove______peoplelive?A

A.theway B.as C.like D.asthough4. Balloonsfloatintheair______________boatsdoonthesea.D

A.evenif B.inthat C.sothat D.justas

1.than比，as…as像…一樣的，notso…as不像…一樣地The…the越…越Nothingissopreciousashealth.Theworkisnotsoeasyasyouthink.2.as+句子，so+句子與…同時(shí)；就像…一樣此句型的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常是行為動(dòng)詞：Asthewindblewharder,sotheseagrewrougher.Asbeeslovesweetness,sofliesloverottenness.以下結(jié)構(gòu)用于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be的情況：AistoBasCistoD.=AistoBwhatCistoD.AsCistoD,soAistoB.Wateristofishesasairistomen.=Wateristofisheswhatairistomen.=Asairistomen,sowateristofishes.★ 練習(xí)1.Readingistothemindfoodistothebody.BA.while B.What C.that D.asifScientistsgenerallyagreethatearth’sclimatewillwarmupoverthenext50to100years______ithaswarmedinthe20,000yearssinceIceAge.B

A.aslongas B.asmuchas C.assoonas D.aswellas—Didthemedicinemakeyoufeelbetter?A

—No.Themore_______,____________Ifeel.

A.medicineItake;theworse B.Itakethemedicine;theworse

C.medicineItake;andtheworse D.Itakemedicine;worse4. Intellectistothemind_________sightistothebody.A

A.what B.as C.that D.like

構(gòu)成：從屬連詞+動(dòng)詞：不定式/現(xiàn)在分詞/過(guò)去分詞非動(dòng)詞：名詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)條件：當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，通?？梢允÷灾髡Z(yǔ)1.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從屬連詞加不定式或現(xiàn)在分詞有主動(dòng)含義，從屬連詞加過(guò)去分詞有被動(dòng)含義。thoughanordinaryworker,ifnecessary,oncehome,asineverycountry,whenalone,ifindoubt2.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是系動(dòng)詞加名詞、形容詞、副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)的直接由從屬連詞加名詞、形容詞、副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)。asiftosaysomething,whilereading,ifarriving,oncepublished,unlessattacked,whetherinvitedornot模式：1.省略形式的狀語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)2.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+省略形式的狀語(yǔ)從句3.主語(yǔ)，+省略形式的狀語(yǔ)從句，+謂語(yǔ)★ 練習(xí)1.Theirtent,lightasafeather,remainedfirminthestormlastnight.CA.asif B.even C.though D.if2.Theplace,,hasbeentransformedintoamoderncapitalcity.BA.asasmalltown B.onceasmalltown C.beingasmalltown D.thoughbeingasmalltown

FocusedPracticeThough___C____toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.A.surprising B.wassurprised C.surprised D.beingsurpriseToday,wewillbegin__B___westoppedyesterdaysothatnopointwillbeleftout.A.when B.where C.how D.whatBecauseoftheheavytraffic,itwasalreadytimeforlunchbreak__C_shegottoheroffice.A.since B.that C.when D.untilTheoldmanaskedLucytomovetoanotherchair__A___hewantedtositnexttohiswife.A.although B.unless C.because D.it-Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.-Thefirsttwoarefree____A_____thethirdcosts$30.

A.while B.until C.when D.before____B______unemploymentandcrimearehigh,itcanbeassumedthatthelatterisduetotheformer.A.Before B.Where C.Unless D.UntilThelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain_____A____shewasandwaitforhermother.A.where B.what C.how D.whoThemedicineworksmoreeffectively____D____youdrinksomehotwateraftertakingit.A.as B.until C.although D.ifItjustisn’tfair：_______D_____Iwasworkingasawaiterlastmonth,myfriendswerelyingonthebeach.A.whenever B.though C.for D.while-Shallwehaveourpicnictomorrow?-____D____itdoesn’train.

A.Until B.While C.Once D.IfMyparentsdon’tmindwhatjobIdo___C____Iamhappy. A.eventhough B.assoonas C.aslongas D.asthoughAllthedishesinthismenu,_____D____otherwisestated,willservetwotothreepeople.A.as B.if C.though D.unlessYoucan’tborrowbooksfromtheschoollibrary___A_____yougetyourstudentcard.A.before B.if C.while D.asYoumayusetheroomasyoulike______B_______youcleanitupafterwards.A.sofaras B.solongas C.incase D.evenif-Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?-Idon’tmindwhereweget____B_____there’ssun,seaandbeach.

A.asif B.aslongas C.nowthat D.inorderthat16.Thelawyerseldomwearsanythingotherthanasuit__A___theseason.A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however17.—Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?—Idon’tmindwhereweget__B___there’ssun,seaandbeach.A.asif B.aslongas C.nowthat D.inorderthat18.Asmallcarisbigenoughforafamilyofthree__D___youneedmorespaceforbaggage.A.once B.because C.if D.unless19.—Doyouhaveaminute?I’vegotsomethingtotellyou.—Ok,__C___youmakeitshort.A.nowthat B.ifonly C.solongas D.everytime20.NancyenjoyedherselfsomuchCshevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.A.that B.which C.when D.where21.—AreyoureadyforSpain?—Yes.Iw