Unit6aReportingresultsObjective:ToenableSstotalkaboutcompanyperformanceToreviewthelanguageofchangeincludingcauseandeffectTopractisereadingandlisteningforspecificinformationTopractisereportwritingWordspreparationCompanyperformance公司業(yè)績(jī)Performanceevaluation績(jī)效評(píng)估Annualreport年度報(bào)告Pre-taxreportBreakevenn.adj稅前利潤Volatileadj.可變的，不穩(wěn)定的Graphn.曲線圖，圖表Strikeaction罷工運(yùn)動(dòng)Exchangerate（外匯）兌換率，匯率Ongoingadj.正在進(jìn)行的Disposaln.出售，出讓Delivervi.實(shí)現(xiàn)Balancesheet資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表，決算表Cashmanagement現(xiàn)金管理Netcash凈現(xiàn)金收入Exceptionalitem非常利潤Operatingmargins經(jīng)營利潤cost-cuttingmeasures降低成本的措施Resourceefficiencyprogramme資源增效計(jì)劃Salesvolume銷售量Tradingvolume貿(mào)易額Restructurevt.結(jié)構(gòu)重組，調(diào)整Assetn.資產(chǎn)streamlinevt.使…有效益，使…現(xiàn)代化Cashsurplus現(xiàn)金盈余Organizationalchanges公司結(jié)構(gòu)變化Transformationprogramme改革，改組計(jì)劃plc股份有限公司(為publiclimitedcompany)的縮寫Netprofit凈利潤Earningspershare每份收益Dividendpershare每份分紅要點(diǎn)解析

A1…whichdelivered…這里的deliver意為“實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)先的計(jì)劃，履行先前的承諾”如：Hehadalwaystalkedbigandhadalmostalwaysdelivered.2…therecentdisposalof…在商務(wù)語篇中，disposal常用來指公司，財(cái)產(chǎn)的出售，處置如：Thenextstepistothinkaboutdisposalofyourassets.

B1…despitepressuresfrom…注意pressure可作不可數(shù)名詞如：Thegovernmenteventuallybowedtopopularpressure.2…netcashat￡3.2bnexpenditureof這里的after作“雖然，盡管”講…afterAfterallwehavesaid,hestillwon’tchangehismind.C1..whichiswelluponrecentyears.這里的up為“上升，上漲”如：Thecostofcarinsuranceisup,butnotverymuch.On2asaresultof“鑒于”，“由于…的原由”如：Asaresultofwhatwesaw,wedecidedtochangetherules.3Althoughsuccessful,theprogrammemeantareductioninnetcashto￡472m.這里的mean作”引起，造成”如：Fictionmeansbeat.Ｄ１..aspecialitychemicalsbusiness..這里的speciality作“特制品，特產(chǎn)品”解如：Roastbeefwasaspecialityoftherestaurant.2…alongwith“一道，一起”(togetherwith)如：Sheplacedthebanknotes,alongwiththechangeandreceipts,bankinthedrawer.3streamline這里作動(dòng)詞意為“精簡(jiǎn)，使..合理化，使..效益更高”如：tostreamlinethegovernment精簡(jiǎn)政府機(jī)構(gòu)4disappointment這里作不可數(shù)名詞，表示“令人失望的事”：Hisfailurewasagreatdisappointmenttohiswife.Unit6bEnvironmentalreportObjective:ToenableSstotalkabouttheimpactofbusinessontheenvironmentTopractiselisteningforspecificinformationTopractisereportwritingToreviewandpractiselanguageforgivingpresentationsUnitoverviewAssessingoverviewEnvironmentalperformanceGuidelinen.方針Recyclevt.再使用，重新使用Recycledpaper再生紙Energyconsumption能源消費(fèi)，消耗Energy-efficient節(jié)能的Organizationofcarsharing汽車共用組合Environmentalperformance環(huán)境績(jī)效，環(huán)境表現(xiàn)Pressofficer新聞官員Addressvt.處理，對(duì)付Chemicalindustry化工工業(yè)By-product副產(chǎn)品Environmentalissues環(huán)境問題Environmentalimpact環(huán)境影響Environmentallegislation環(huán)境立法Environmentalprogramme環(huán)境項(xiàng)目Fixn.補(bǔ)救方法，應(yīng)急措施Non-hazardousadj.無害的ProductStewardshipProgrammes（PSP）產(chǎn)品跟蹤管理計(jì)劃Productlifecycle產(chǎn)品壽命周期Commitvt.撥出，調(diào)配..供使用Halvevt.減半，平分Toreachatarget達(dá)到目標(biāo)Tofulfillanobligation承擔(dān)義務(wù)Demandingadj.苛求的，嚴(yán)格的Shareholdern.股東Commitmentn.許諾，承擔(dān)義務(wù)Unit7aHealthandsafetyObjective:ToenableSstotalkabouthealthandsafetyTopractisereadingforgistandspecificinformationTopractiselisteningforspecificinformationToreviewthelanguageofobligationUnitoverview

InjuriesatworkHowsafeisyourworkplace?WordspreparationOfficeinjury辦公室事故造成的人身傷害，工傷Healthandsafetyobligations健康與安全職責(zé)Accidentreport事故報(bào)告Accidentatwork上班時(shí)出的事故Afilingcabinet文件柜Maintenancen.維修部門Maintenancepersonnel維修人員Sustainvt.遭受，承受Bumpn.腫塊Dressvt.敷藥，包扎傷口Painkillern.止痛藥Takemedication服藥Hazardn事故，公害Riskassessment風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估Totakeprecautions采取防范措施HealthandSafetyinspector健康和安全巡查員Industrystandards行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Civilliability民事責(zé)任Safetyrepresentative安全代理人Safetyofficer安全員Take…intoaccount把…考慮進(jìn)去Amendvt.修正，修改Inplace適合，適宜Gotocourt上法庭，提出訴訟Inone’sownright憑本身的權(quán)利，能力Safetyequipment安全設(shè)備Firstandfacilities急救措施Washroomfacilities盥洗設(shè)施Hireafull-timehealthandsafetyprofessionalEntrustamanagerwithsafetyresponsibilities委派一名經(jīng)理負(fù)起安全責(zé)任Conductworksafetyinspections實(shí)行工作安全檢查Reportintimetheunsafeconditions及時(shí)報(bào)告不安全情況ProvidesafetytrainingforallstaffRegularlymaintainofficeequipment,toolsormachines定期維修辦公室設(shè)備，工具，機(jī)器語法（5）專有名詞1.Tobeunder(an)obligation“負(fù)有..的義務(wù)”如：Weareundernoobligationtogivehimwhathemeans.2.Tobeobligedtodosth”必須（做某事）”如：Parentsareobligedtosendtheirchildrentoschool.3havetodosth..”不得不…”表示外界因素導(dǎo)致的職責(zé)和義務(wù)，如：Thetrainleavesatsixo’clock,siIhavetogetupearlytomorrow.4must“應(yīng)該，必須”如：Imustcleantheteetheveryday.5toberequiredtodosth…”被要求做…,必須做…”如：Allpassengersarerequiredtoshowtheirtickets.閱讀2（1）要點(diǎn)解析1.riskassessmentisnothingmorethan…一句中的nothingmorethan意為“等同于，不多于，與..一樣”如：Nothingmorethanatunnel-likepassagegreetedtheexcavators.2..canruinlifes..”可以致命”life作生命講時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞，作“生活”講時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞3.Gotocourt上法庭，提出訴訟。注意這里不用定冠詞the，如果有the，gotothecourt則語義不同：指“到那個(gè)法庭去”（僅指地點(diǎn)，不卷入法律程序之意）4..haveitcoveredby..這里的cover意為“避免防止或避開傷害”如：Thecavecoveredhimfromrain.5.Ignorethetrivial..注意定冠詞the加上形容詞，構(gòu)成名詞詞組，泛指的“一類，一群等”如therich，thepoor6…areinplace“適當(dāng)?shù)模喾Q的，適時(shí)的”如：Theproposalisnotquiteinplace.7..significantfindings這里的findings復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“結(jié)果，結(jié)論檢查或檢查后得出的結(jié)果”8..keepaneyeonsth“照看，密切注意，當(dāng)心”如：keepacloseeyeonnewtechnology9..bringinnewmachine,substancesandprocedures..這里的bringin為“介紹，引進(jìn)推廣”如：bringinadvancedtechnologyandequipment10inone’sownright“憑本身的權(quán)利，能力，實(shí)力，資格”如：Heisadistinguishedschoolarofinternationalrenowninhisownright.11.,keepdowntherisks”減少危險(xiǎn)’，keepdown“控制，限制”如：keepdownspending

Unit7bRightsatworkObjective:ToenableSstotalkaboutwork–relatedproblemsandtheirlegalimplicationsTopractisereadingforgistandspecificinformationTopractiselisteningandspecificinformationToreviewpassiveUnitoverview

KnowyourrightsProblemsatworkWordspreparationAutomaticright當(dāng)然的權(quán)利Workextratime加班Smokingpolicy有關(guān)吸煙的政策Staffcomplainsn.員工投訴Bulletinn.公告，報(bào)告Plaintiffn.原告，起訴人Tribunaln.法庭，仲裁Industriltribunal勞資仲裁庭Rulen.裁決，裁定Cloudyadj.不愉快的，憂郁的Legalaction法律訴訟Lawfirm法律事務(wù)所Employmentlaw勞工法EmploymentAppealTribunal(EAT)勞工訴訟法庭Fellowcolleagues同事Aseriousof一系列Todrawup\formulateapolicy起草一份政策規(guī)定Contractualobligation合同義務(wù)Smokingbans禁煙令Graevancen.牢騷，不滿Awardvt.裁定，判給Tobefacedwith面對(duì)，面臨Absentfromwork缺勤Prioritisevt.以重要性為順序安排工作Sackvt.解雇Poortimekeeping時(shí)間管理能力差Sexualharassment性騷擾Frontpageofanewspaper報(bào)紙頭版Curriculumvitae個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷（簡(jiǎn)稱CV）Apacketofphotocopierpaper一包復(fù)印紙閱讀（2）要點(diǎn)解析1..ortheymightbefacedwithlegalaction..這里的or為連詞conjunction，意為“要然，否則”如：Hemustpaythedabtorgotoprison.2..anemploymentlawspecialistwiththefirm..一句中，with作“是…的成員，受..雇傭”解如：Heiswithapublishingcompany.3..toputupwith..”忍耐，忍受，受苦”如：Ican’tputupwithyourhypocrisyanymore.4TheEATruledthat..這里的rule作“裁決”解常與that連用如：Thejudgeruledthathemustleave.Theemployerhadbreacheditscontractualobligation雇主違反了合同義務(wù)。這里用的its而不是his來指emoloyer，是因?yàn)閑mployer并非指某個(gè)具體的人，而是員工所在的單位。6.theplaintiffwasawardeddamages這里的award意為“裁定，判決”如：Mrs.joneswasawarded$1000alimonybycourtwhenshewasdiscoveredformherhusband.7..rushinto..”倉促，匆忙行事”如：Herushedheadlongintomarriage.8..implementingorenforcingsmokingbans.這里的implement一詞意為“使生效，執(zhí)行”如：implementthenewprocedures.9..dismissclaims..中的claims意為“（根據(jù)權(quán)利提出的）要求，索賠要求”等如：tohaveastronglegalclaimtotheproperty10staffmustbeconsultedontheirviewsandgivenreasonablenoticeofchanges這一句中，consultsb.on\aboutsth..”就..與某人商量”如：Imustconsultmyprincipalonthismatter.而givenoticeof(that)..”通知，關(guān)照”如；Hewasgivennoticeofhisinabilitytoattend.Unit8abusinessexpensesObjective:ToenableSstotalkaboutexpensesToenableSstospecificinformationTopractiselisteningforgistandspecificinformationTopractisememowritingUnitoverviewClaimingexpensesAnewexpensesclaimssystemWordspreparationIncurvt.承受，蒙受Businesstrip商業(yè)旅行Expensesclaim(s)報(bào)銷申報(bào)Expensesclaimssheet費(fèi)用報(bào)銷單Claimvt.要求報(bào)銷Undergroundsystem地下交通系統(tǒng)（地鐵）Authorizevt.批準(zhǔn)Makeafalseclaimforexpenses虛報(bào)費(fèi)用，虛報(bào)假帳目單Makeanexpensesclaimfor..要求報(bào)銷..的費(fèi)用Receiptn.收據(jù)，發(fā)票Invoicen.貨物發(fā)票，發(fā)票清單Reimbursevt.報(bào)銷，賠償Anexpensesreimbursementsystem報(bào)銷制度Smallprint（通常印于報(bào)銷單，保險(xiǎn)單，股票，租金等下端闡明各種保留或限制性條件的）附屬細(xì)則，小號(hào)字體印刷Accountsdepartment會(huì)計(jì)部門amarketingconference營銷會(huì)議Cashpayment現(xiàn)金支付Automatedadj.自動(dòng)操作的，自動(dòng)的Trialvt.試驗(yàn)，試用Recruitmenttrip招聘公差Corporatetravelexpenses公司差旅費(fèi)Acorporatechargecard公司賒帳卡Cashadvances預(yù)付款Personalexpenses個(gè)人費(fèi)用Entertainmentexpenses招待費(fèi)用Corporateexpenses公司（商務(wù)）費(fèi)用Settlethebalance結(jié)清余額Auditingprocedure審計(jì)程序Linemanager直屬經(jīng)理，直屬主管Randomadj.隨機(jī)的，機(jī)遇的Processvt.審核，審查Auditvt.審計(jì)，查證帳目閱讀（1）要點(diǎn)解析1..hasundertakenanextensivesurveyinto..這里的undertake意為“承擔(dān)，接受，承辦”如：Thelawyerundertookthecasewithoutafee2..cashadvances預(yù)付款advance指“預(yù)支”如：advancerentalpayment租金預(yù)付款3..thecostofprocessingeachclaim..這里的process作“仔細(xì)檢查，審查”解如：Theplansarenowbeingprocessed。4operational”操作中的。能使用的”如：Istheequipmentoperationalyet?5..inthecaseof..這里的case意為”情況，狀況，事件的一種狀態(tài)”如：Inthecaseofrain,hecaseof可譯為“如果是…的情況”incaseof意為“如果發(fā)生…”如：anumbertocallincaseofemergency.6settleup意為“結(jié)算帳目，付清欠帳”如：settleupafterameal餐后結(jié)帳settleupwithsb與某人結(jié)帳，清帳如：Let’sgo.I’vealreadysettledupwiththewaiter7..allclaimssubmitted..這里的claims意為“提出報(bào)銷的要求”。Unit8bBusinesstravelObjective:ToenableSstotalkaboutairtravelTopractisereadingforgistandspecificinformationTopractiselisteningforgistUnitoverviewAirlineservicesNofrillsflying詞語準(zhǔn)備AirtravelAirlinesn.航空公司（多用于航空公司名稱中）Valetn.男隨從，服務(wù)員Baggageallowance允許行李數(shù)量，行李限制Businessclass商務(wù)艙FrequentflyerAir-milesaward里程獎(jiǎng)(也作air-miles)Burgerbar漢堡快餐店Creaturecomforts(衣，食，住，行等方面)給肉體以舒適的東西，物質(zhì)享受In-flightcatering航空餐飲Prioritystatus優(yōu)先權(quán)Legroomn.座位前的伸腿部位Loungen.候機(jī)大廳Exclusiveadj.專有的，獨(dú)有的Scheduledflight定期航班Networkvi.溝通，與其他人非正式的交往Contactn.（可數(shù)）有勢(shì)力的熟人Low-costairlines低成本航空公司Mainstreamairlines大型航空公司No-frills只提供最起碼必需品的，經(jīng)濟(jì)型的No-frillsairlines經(jīng)濟(jì)型的航空公司Dealn.待遇Packagen.一攬子服務(wù)，成套包辦Price-cuttingn.降價(jià)，價(jià)格戰(zhàn)Dedicatedadj.專用的Check-indesk登機(jī)手續(xù)辦理臺(tái)Takeoff起飛（名詞為take-off）Transfern.轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)Refundvt.退還，償還Upmarketadj.高檔的，為高收入人群服務(wù)的Concessionn.優(yōu)惠，減價(jià)Consolidationn.聯(lián)合兼并Recliningseat可躺的斜椅座位Carriern.運(yùn)載工具，飛機(jī)Highvolumeroute客流量大的航線Undercutvt.削價(jià)，低于..的價(jià)格Ticketdesk票務(wù)臺(tái)口語（3）參考詞語和表達(dá)中國主要航空公司有AirChinaShanghaiAirlinesChinaEasternAirlinesChinaSouthernAirlinesChinaNorthernAirlinesChinaXiamenAirlinesChinaSouthwestAirlinesChinaNorthwestAirlines閱讀1（2）要點(diǎn)解析1..cheapfrills這里的frills指“虛飾，并非必須的裝飾，奢侈品”cheapfrills代指廉價(jià)的，只提供必需品的航班2..woo“引誘，盡力得到，贏得顧客”如：Thepartyhasbeentryingtowoothevoterswithpromisesofelectoralreform.3..taketo..短語動(dòng)詞，意為“開始喜歡，沉溺于”如：Hiswifetooktohernewneighborsatonce.4inthewakeof接踵而至，在..之后，如：Thetruckleftcloudsofdustinitswake.5..threeno-frillsairlinesarechangingtack這里的tack指“行動(dòng)方針，策略”如：Sincetheyhadfailedtopersuadetotheunions,thegovernmenttriedthenewtackofforcingthemtoagree.6.thelaunchofafrequent-layerprogramme這里的launch指新推出新產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)，作名詞，如：Thelaunchoftheproductwillmeanthatweallhaveanexcitingandbusytwelvemonthsaheadofus.7..setitselfslightlyapartfrom..短語tosetsb\sthapartfrom..”使..顯得與眾不同”如：Whatsetherapartfromtheothercandidatesforthejobwasthatshehadalotoforiginalideas.8afreebar“免費(fèi)的飲料”bar原指“酒吧”，“售酒的柜臺(tái)”這里指其中的酒如：Thekettleisboiling.9.marketitselfonlowestprice..這里的market”推銷，出售”介詞on表示“依靠..,以..來推銷自己”10Thisiseffectivelyaconcessiontothebusinesstraveler…concession“價(jià)格上的優(yōu)惠”如：Thecangettravelconcessionifyouareunder26.11..moveupmarket..upmarket指“高檔的，適合高收入顧客的”如：TheRepulseBaycomplexinHongKongoffersupmarketshoppinganddining.Upmarket的反義詞是downmarket”面向大眾化市場(chǎng)的，面向低收入消費(fèi)者的”。Unit9aFlexiblebenefitsObjective:ToenableSstotalkaboutemploymentbenefitsTopractisereadingforgistandspecificinformationTopractiselisteningforspecificinformationUnitoverview

BenefitsHowflexiblebenefitsworkTheadvantagesofflexiblebenefits詞語準(zhǔn)備Benefitssystem福利制度Daycare日間托兒所Childcaren.adj.兒童保育，托兒的Annualleave年假Companycar公司配給的車Benefitspackage一攬子福利，福利套餐Basepay基本工資Benefitpremium（基本工資外的）福利津貼Rewardn.報(bào)酬，獎(jiǎng)金Corebenefits核心福利項(xiàng)目Additionalbenefitsfunding附加福利基金Lifeassureance人壽保險(xiǎn)Accidentinsurance意外險(xiǎn)Healthinsurance健康保險(xiǎn)Medicalinsurance醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)Monthlypay月薪Callcentre呼叫中心，電話中心Bulkdiscount大宗購買折扣，批量折扣bargainngpower議價(jià)能力，討價(jià)還價(jià)的能力Providern.供應(yīng)商Payrolln.員工薪水名冊(cè)O(shè)ptionaladj.可供選擇的Lumpsum一次性（付款）Stuffturnover人員流動(dòng)率Pensionscheme養(yǎng)老金計(jì)劃Consultancy咨詢公司，顧問公司Roadsideshow路演，路演推介會(huì)（也作roadshow）閱讀2（1）要點(diǎn)解析1lifeassurance人壽保險(xiǎn)英語中的assurance與insurance都有“保險(xiǎn)”的意思按一般習(xí)慣，assurance用于“人壽險(xiǎn)”(但也說lifeinsurance)或“汽車保險(xiǎn)”automobileassurance其余險(xiǎn)種多用insurance如：aninsurancecompany，labourinsurance，accidentdeathinsurance，medicalexpensesinsurance。2..youcanuseupto20%ofyourBasePay..可用不超過20%的基本工資來..Upto字面的意思是“最多可以用到基本工資的20%”。3..choose(not)todosth決定或選定如：Hechoosestolookintothemattertillthetruthisout.

閱讀3（1）1..inclusivemaintenance,servicingandinsurance.這里的inclusive指“包括..一切的，包含..在內(nèi)的”如：Themonthlyrentis$20inclusiveofeverything.2…ifyouoryourpartnerweretosuddenlydie..注意beto用于條件從句中，意為“設(shè)想..,設(shè)想”如：Ifwearetobethereintime,we’llhavetohurryup.Unit9bStaffappraisal

Objective:ToenablestudentstotalkaboutappraisalsTopractisereadingforspecificinformationTopractiselisteningforgistUnitoverview

TheroleofappraisalsMonitoringperformanceWordspreparationJobdescription工作性質(zhì)說明，職務(wù)說明Qualificationn.WorkingenvironmentFeedbackn.反饋，反應(yīng)Tomissdeadlines趕上最后期限Managementn.（企業(yè)，機(jī)關(guān)等的）Vacancyn.空職，空缺Promotionprospects升職前景Monitorvt.

Appraisalinterview評(píng)估面試Besupposedto希望，應(yīng)該Tacklevt.Pinpointvt.確認(rèn)，精確地定位Accompanyvt.附加，補(bǔ)充Legalguidelines法律準(zhǔn)則Focuson集中在….Resentmentn.怨恨，憤恨Gothrough舉行，完成Exchangeideas交流思想，看法Nothingmorethan只不過，只是(意同only)Pretextn.藉口，托詞Leadto導(dǎo)致，造成Payrise加薪Peoplemanagement人事管理Humanresourcesmanager人力資源(HRmanager)Buildup積累，收集閱讀（1）要點(diǎn)解析1Itdoesseemstrangethatanideawhichwassupposedtobenefitbothindividualsandthecompanyshouldbesouniversallydisliked,如：Itissimplyamiraclethatriceshouldgrowinsuchaplace.2…takingtheiremployerstocourtoverappraisalinterviews.短語takesb.tocourt意為“對(duì)某人起訴”介詞over表示“涉及，關(guān)于”如:anargumentovermethods3..itisinthecompany’sinteresttocombatthissituation,..短語intheinterest\interestsof意為“為了..的利益”如：Theyatebreakfastonthetrainintheinterestoftime.4..anorganizationneedstopinpointtheunderlyingreasonswhichhavecontributedtothem.這里的contributeto意為“促成..的因素”如：Exercisecontributestobetterhealth.5..followinglegalguidelines這里指guidelines指“知道路線，方針”如：guidelinesforthecompletionoftaxreturns6..ratingshouldreflect..這里的rating為可數(shù)名詞意為“評(píng)估，估價(jià)”acreditcard7..resortto..訴諸，依靠如：Thegovernmentresortedtocensorshipofthepress8Somechangestocurrentschemesaresimplyamatteroflogic.這里的matter指“事情，問題”如：Thisisamatterofnoaccount.9..assumejointresponsibilityfor..這里的assume指“自己承擔(dān)責(zé)任，義務(wù)等”如：assumeanother’sdebts10..takeonamoresupportiverole短語動(dòng)詞takeon意為“承擔(dān)責(zé)任‘如：ShetookonmuchonthisjobonIdid’yexpectittotakeallthistime.Unit10aMarketingDisastersObjectives:ToenableSstotalkaboutmarketingTopractisereadingforspecificinformationTopractiselisteningforgistTopractiseaskingforinformationUnitoverview

ThemarketingmixPromotionthatfailedDisastern.徹底的失敗Marketingn.Marketingmix營銷組合Placen.銷售渠道Promoti