河南省漯河市靈寶實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高一英語上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.—Hasyourhometownchangedmuchinthepastfewyears?

—Yes.It’s___likewhatitusedtobeA.nothing

B.something

C.anything

D.everything參考答案：A2.Hetoldusthatthebuilding________whenhecametothecitytwoyearsago.

A.

hasbeendestroyed

B.

hasdestroyed

C.

hadbeendestroyed

D.

wasdestroyed

參考答案：C3.Youmustlearnhowtocommunicatewithothers.Learningto________yourselfwellisanimportantpartofeducation.A.express

B.find

C.introduce

D.recognize參考答案：A4.Withrealestate（房地產(chǎn)）______ineconomy,alotofrichfarmlandhadto______newhousesandofficesinthecounty.A.leadingtheway;makewayfor

B.ledtheway;madethewayC.toleadtheway;bemadethewayfor

D.leadingway;bemadethewayfor參考答案：A略5.—Let'shavearest,shallwe?

—Notnow,Idon'twanttostop______theletteryet.A.write

B.writing

C.towrite

B.andwrite參考答案：B略6.Tereareafewbooksontheshelf.Butonlyoneofthemis_______A.worthtoberead

B.worthbeingread

C.wellworthreading

D.worthread參考答案：C7.TheBig6Modelisone________toteachinginformationliteracyskills.A.attitude

B.appearance

C.approach

D.altitude參考答案：

C解析：attitudeto/towards指“對……的態(tài)度”；appearance指“出現(xiàn)”；approach指“方法；途徑”，后常接to；altitude指“海拔；高度”。根據(jù)句意，這里指一種“教學(xué)方法”，所以用approach。注：Big6Model的全稱是Big6ModelofInformationProblem-Solving，指Big6信息問題解決模式，屬于“問題解決”式的研究學(xué)習(xí)。8.---Washington,astateintheUnitedStates,isnamedafteroneofthegreatestAmericanpresidents.---Oh,I’msofoolish.I________knowthat.

A.couldn’t

B.don’t

C.didn’t

D.maynot參考答案：C9._______youcontinueyoureffortsandachievenewandgreatersuccess!A.Would

B.Will

C.May

D.Should

參考答案：C10.Hurryup,kids!Theschoolbus______forus!A.waits B.waswaiting C.waited

D.iswaiting參考答案：C11.-----Anumberofpeople

learningEnglishnowadays.------Yes.ThenumberofpeoplewhoarelearningEnglish

increasing.A.is;is

B.are,are

C.are;is

Dis;are參考答案：C12.Hewentawaywithoutsayinganything,____usstandingoutside.A.leaving

B.leftC.toleave

D.leave參考答案：A考查現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語。句意：他一句話也沒說就走了，留下我們在外面站著。leaving是作為主語he的伴隨狀語,由于是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式.如果是被動(dòng)關(guān)系就用過去分詞分詞形式.13.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”

→Heaskedme_________.

A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember

B.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember

C.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguemember

D.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember.參考答案：C14.Themostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthat_________theendofwinterandthe_________ofspring.A.lookedforwardto,coming

B.lookingforwardto,come

C.lookforward,coming

D.lookforwardto,coming參考答案：D15.Nowthatthesignreads,“Noperson______smokehere”,pleasechooseaseatinthesmokingareaoverthereifyou_______smoke.

A.must;shall

B.will;must C.shall;must

D.can;should參考答案：C16.Itisrequestedthatthemeeting______postponed.A.be B.canbe C.maybe D.shallbe參考答案：A【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：有人要求會(huì)議延期。request表示“要求”時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的that從句中要用虛擬語氣，其謂語動(dòng)詞形式為should+動(dòng)詞原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的時(shí)態(tài)不限。故選A。【點(diǎn)睛】后接虛擬語氣的常見詞1）在insist,order,command,suggest,propose,advise,desire,demand,require,request,order,prefer,propose,recommend等表示“命令，決定，建議”等動(dòng)詞以及由這些動(dòng)詞引申的名詞或形容詞引導(dǎo)的that從句中，要用虛擬語氣，其謂語動(dòng)詞形式為should+動(dòng)詞原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的時(shí)態(tài)不限。例如：Heorderedthatallthebooksbesentatonce.Sheinsistedthatshegotothesouthforherholiday.2）類似用法的還有advisable,appropriate,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,necessary,obligatory,proper等形容詞；decision,decree,demand,instruction,order,requirement,resolution等名詞。其后引導(dǎo)的that從句均用虛擬語氣，其謂語動(dòng)詞形式為should+動(dòng)詞原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的時(shí)態(tài)不限。例如：Itwasappropriatethatthistaxbeabolished.Theirdecisionwasthattheschoolremainclosed.3）請注意，當(dāng)這些詞語不是用于表示“命令，決定，建議”的含義時(shí)，所引導(dǎo)從句不用虛擬語氣。17.Peterwenttoaconcert_______hisfavouritebandplayedandsang.A.which

B.forwhich

C.atwhich

D.inwhich參考答案：C18.Thankstothenewtechnology,thefactoryproduced______carsin2013astheyearbefore.

A.astwicemany B.twiceasmanyas C.astwiceasmany D.twiceasmany參考答案：D二、填空19.minority,equipment,amuse,charge,theme,jungle,getcloseto,technique,advance,various,profit,creatureNowyouareinadinosaur

81

park.Cominghere,youwillfindakindofold

82,whichhasdiedoutmillionsofyearsago,dinosaur.Inourpark,wearehappytoshowyou

83

dinosaurs,whichlivedintheJurassic.Thefour-storied-building-highgrass-eatingdinosaursaresubmissive(溫順的)andkind.Youcan

84

towardsthemandtouchthem.Butthe

85

ofthemaredangerous.Thefour-leggedmeat-eatingdinosaursareverycruel.Pleasedon’t

86

themanddon’ttrytogivethemfood.The

87

hereisverythickandfullofallkindsofanimalsthatlivedintheJurassic.Withoutanyspecial

88

andtheleadingoftheguide,pleasedon’tstepintoit.OK,I’msurethatourparkwill

89

anyonewhocomeshereandyouwill

90

alotfromit.參考答案：81.theme

82.creature

83.various

84.advance

85.minority

86.getcloseto87.jungle

88.equipment89.amuse

90.profit20.Thebrainisaseeminglyendlesslibrary,whoseshelveshouseourmostpreciousmemories.Toallownewmemoriestoform,oldinformationissometimespushedoutofthebrain.Previousstudieshaveshownthatlearningnewinformationcanleadto____9____.Butinanewstudy,researchersshowedforthefirsttimehowthiseffect____10____inthebrain.Indailylife,forgettingactuallyhasclear____11____.Imagine,forinstance,thatyoulostyourbankcard.Thenewcardyoureceivewillcomewithanewpersonalidentificationnumber(PIN).EachtimeyourememberthenewPIN,yougraduallyforgettheoldone.Thisprocessimprovesaccessto____12____information,withoutoldmemoriesinterfering.Andmostofusmaysometimesfeel____13____whenoldmemoriesinterferewithnew,relevantmemories.Considertryingtorememberwhereyouparkedyourcarinthesamecarparkyouwereataweekearlier.Thistypeofmemoryisparticularlyinterfering.Whenwegetnewinformation,thebrainautomaticallytriestocombineitwithexistinginformationby____14____associations.Andwhenweretrieve（檢索）information,boththedesiredand____15____butirrelevantinformationisrecalled.Themajorityofpreviousresearchhasfocusedonhowwelearnandremembernewinformation.Butcurrentstudiesarebeginningtoputgreater____16____ontheconditionsunderwhichweforget,asitsimportancebeginstobemoreappreciated.Averysmallnumberofpeopleareabletorememberalmosteverydetailoftheirlife.Thoughitmaysoundlikeanadvantagetomany,peoplewiththisrareconditionoftenfindtheir____17____abilitytroublesome.Inasense,normalforgettingmayhelptoensureourbraindoesn’tbecometoofull.參考答案：9.D

10.G

11.F

12.H

13.B

14.E

15.A

16.C

17.J本文是一篇說明文，介紹了在一項(xiàng)新的研究中，研究人員首次展示了學(xué)習(xí)新信息會(huì)導(dǎo)致遺忘這種效應(yīng)是如何在大腦中發(fā)生的。【9題詳解】句意：以前的研究表明，學(xué)習(xí)新信息會(huì)導(dǎo)致遺忘?？筛鶕?jù)第二段第一句得出forgetting，表示“遺忘”，故選D。【10題詳解】句意：在一項(xiàng)新的研究中，研究人員首次展示了這種效應(yīng)是如何在大腦中發(fā)生的。根據(jù)后文可知文章介紹了遺忘是如何發(fā)生的，occur表示“發(fā)生”，故選G。【11題詳解】句意：在日常生活中，遺忘其實(shí)有明顯的好處。根據(jù)本段末句withoutoldmemoriesinterfering.可知，此處介紹了遺忘的好處。advantages表示“好處”，故選F?！?2題詳解】句意：這個(gè)過程改善了對相關(guān)信息的獲取，而不受記憶的干擾。relevant表示“相關(guān)的”，故選H。【13題詳解】句意：當(dāng)舊的記憶干擾新的相關(guān)記憶時(shí)，我們大多數(shù)人有時(shí)會(huì)感到尷尬。embarrassed表示“尷尬的”，故選B。【14題詳解】句意：當(dāng)我們獲取新信息時(shí)，大腦會(huì)自動(dòng)地將其和現(xiàn)有信息形成關(guān)聯(lián)。forming表示“形成”，故選E?！?5題詳解】句意：當(dāng)我們檢索信息時(shí)，我們想要的和相關(guān)但無關(guān)緊要的信息都會(huì)被回想起來。associated表示“相關(guān)的”，故選A?！?6題詳解】句意：但目前的研究更加強(qiáng)調(diào)我們遺忘的條件。根據(jù)后文itsimportancebeginstobemoreappreciated.可知人們越來越重視其重要性，所以用emphasis表示“強(qiáng)調(diào)”，故選C?！?7題詳解】句意：雖然這聽起來對很多人來說像一種優(yōu)勢，但有這種罕見情況人經(jīng)常會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們不同尋常的能力很麻煩。根據(jù)后文normalforgettingmayhelptoensureourbraindoesn’tbecometoofull.可知不忘是一種不同尋常的能力，unusual表示“不同尋常的”，故選J。三、閱讀理解21.Morethan10yearsago,itwasdifficulttobuyatastypineapple.ThefruitsthatmadeittotheUKweregreenontheoutsideand,moreoftenthannot,hardwithanunpleasanttastewithin.Thenin1966,theDelMonteGoldpineappleproducedinHawaiifirsthitourshelves.

Thenewtypeofpineapplelookedmoreyellowy-goldthangreen.Itwasslightlysofterontheoutsideandhadalotofjuiceinside.Butthemostimportantthingaboutthisnewtypeofpineapplewasthatitwastwiceassweetasthehit-and-misspineappleswehadknown.Innotime,theDelMonteGoldtookthemarketbystorm,rapidlybecomingtheworld’sbest-sellingpineapplevariety,anddeliveringnaturallevelsofsweetnessinthemouth,upuntilthenonlyfoundintinnedpineapple.

Innutrition（營養(yǎng)）itwasallgoodnewstoo.ThisnicetastingpineapplecontainedfourtimesmorevitaminCthantheoldgreenvariety.Nutritionistssaidthatitwasnotonlyfullofvitamins,butalsogoodagainstsomediseases.Peoplewereunderstandablyeagertobeabletobuythiswonderfulfruit.Thenewtypeofpineapplewassellingfast,andtheDelMonteGoldpineapplerapidlybecameafixtureintheshoppingbasketofthehealthyeater.

Seeingthegrowingmarketforitswinningpineapple,DelMontetriedtokeepmarkettoitself.ButotherfruitcompaniesarguedsuccessfullythatDelMonteturnedtolawforhelp,butfailed.ThosecompaniesarguedsuccessfullythatDelMonte’sattemptstokeepthegoldenpineappleforitselfwerejustawaytoknockthemoutthemarket.63．Welearnfromthetextthatthenewtypeatpineappleis__________.A．greenoutsideandsweetinside

B．good-lookingoutsideandsoftinsideC．yellowy-goldoutsideandhardinside

D．a(chǎn)littlesoftoutsideandsweetinside64．Whywasthenewtypeofpineapplesellingwell?A．Itwasrichinnutritionandtastednice.

B．Itwaslesssweetandgoodforhealth.C．ItwasdevelopedbyDelMonte.

D．Itwasusedasmedicine.65．Theunderlinedword“fixture”inParagraph3probablyreferstosomething_________.A．thatpeopleenjoyeating

B．thatisalwayspresent

C．thatisdifficulttoget

D．thatpeopleuseasagift66．WelearnfromthelastparagraphthatDelMonte_________.A．slowedothercompaniestodeveloppineapplesB．succeededinkeepingthepineappleforitselfC．triedhardtocontrolthepineapplemarketD．plannedtohelptheothercompanies

參考答案：略22.Shetookupskatingatage85,madeherfirstmovieappearanceatage114,andheldaconcertintheneighborhoodonher121stbirthday.

Whenitcomestolonglife,JeanneCalmentistheworld’srecordholder.Shelivedtotheripeoldageof122.Sois122theupperlimittothehumanlifespan（壽命）?Ifscientistscomeupwithsomesortofpillordietthatwouldslowaging,couldwepossiblymakeitto150－orbeyond?

Researchersdon’tentirelyagreeontheanswers.“Calmentlivedto122,soitwouldn’tsurprisemeifsomeonealivetodayreaches130or135,”saysJerryShayattheUniversityofTexas.

SteveAustadattheUniversityofTexasagrees.“Peoplecanlivemuchlongerthanwethink,”hesays.“Expertsusedtosaythathumanscouldn’tlivepast110.WhenCalmentblewpastthatage,theyraisedthenumberto120.Sowhycan’twegohigher?”

Thetroublewithguessinghowoldpeoplecanlivetobeisthatit’salljustguessing.“Anyonecanmakeupanumber,”saysRichMillerattheUniversityofMichigan.“UsuallythescientistwhopicksthehighestnumbergetshisnameinTimemagazine.”

Won’tnewanti-agingtechniqueskeepusaliveforcenturies?Anycure,saysMiller,foragingwouldprobablykeepmostofuskickinguntilabout120.Researchersareworkingontreatmentsthatlengthenthelifespanofmiceby50percentatmost.So,iftheaveragehumanlifespanisabout80years,saysMiller,“addinganother50percentwouldgetyouto120.”

Sowhatcanweconcludefromthislittledisagreementamongtheresearchers?Th