本文格式為Word版，下載可任意編輯——2022年高考英語非謂語動詞考點(diǎn)歸納2022年高考英語非謂語動詞考點(diǎn)歸納非謂語動詞的句法功能一分詞現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞充當(dāng)成分定語表語賓補(bǔ)狀語一現(xiàn)在分詞作定語2awalkingstick1awalkingmanamanwhoiswalkingastickforwalkingWhatsthedifferencebetween1and2小結(jié)1動名詞表示所修飾名詞的性質(zhì)或用途現(xiàn)在分詞做定語表示動作正在舉行分詞和所修飾的詞之間存在主動關(guān)系相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句arunningmanThemanrunninginthepictureisLiuXiangattributeThemanwhoisrunninginthepictureisLiuXiang相當(dāng)于單個(gè)分詞作定語放在所修飾的名詞前面現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語那么放在所修飾的名詞之后小結(jié)2Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom2作賓語補(bǔ)足語ThebabywatchedhisdadshavinghisfacewithgreatinterestWehavethefireburningallday現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)常放在賓語后面賓語與賓補(bǔ)存在著規(guī)律上的主謂關(guān)系強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在舉行小結(jié)3能跟ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的常見動詞有三讓三看兩聽一留神一察覺一感覺簡樸又好記havekeepleavelookatseewatchhearlistentonoticefindfeel等怎么記1OurtripwasdisappointingWedidnotfindanyunusualplants2TheprogrammefortheweekendlooksexcitingIamlookingforwardtoit3作表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語表主語特征或性質(zhì)相當(dāng)于形容詞主語多為物含有令人movingpuzzlingexcitingamusingastonishing動名詞作表語那么表示抽象的習(xí)慣性動作可與主語互換MyhobbyispaintingPaintingismyhobby小結(jié)4作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞可在句中作時(shí)間理由伴隨條件結(jié)果等狀語1作時(shí)間狀語ing短語作時(shí)間狀語要置于句首如Hearingthebadnewstheycouldnthelpcrying當(dāng)聽到這個(gè)不幸的消息時(shí)他們情不自禁地哭了起來WhentheyheardthebadnewstheycouldnthelpcryingHavingreceivedhisletterIdecidedtowriteback收到他的信后我抉擇給他回信2作理由狀語ing短語作理由狀語置于句首如由于太生氣了他不能入睡AfterIhadreceivedhisletterIdecidedtowritebackBeingsoangryhecouldntgotosleepHavingbeentotheGreatWallmanytimeshedidntgolastweek由于他已經(jīng)去過長城大量次上周他就沒去BecausehewassoangryhecouldntgotosleepBecauseAshehadbeentotheGreatWallmanytimeshedidntgolastweek3作條件狀語ing作條件狀語置于句首或句末如Workinghardyouwillsucceed假設(shè)你勤奮一點(diǎn)你就會告成Ifyouworkhardyouwillsucceed4作讓步狀語ing短語作讓步狀語可置于句首或句末常與evenifthough連用如Thoughworkingfrommorningtillnighthisfatherdidntgetenoughfood雖然他父親從早到晚冒死地干活但是他還是掙不到足夠的吃的Althoughhisfatherworkedfrommorningtillnighthedidntgetenoughfood5作伴隨狀語置于句首或句末如Theycameintotheclassroomsingingandlaughing他們又唱又笑地走進(jìn)教室Theysangandlaughedtheycameintotheclassroom6作結(jié)果狀語通常放句末中間有逗號隔開可以在分詞前加thus如Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstormthuscausingthedelaysoitcausedthedelay解析Ving形式作狀語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)對應(yīng)的狀語從句當(dāng)ving形式作狀語時(shí)若它所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前需用havingdone3ving形式作狀語時(shí)其規(guī)律主語務(wù)必和主語保持一致否那么務(wù)必帶有自己的規(guī)律主語1theprogrammetheyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeksNotcompletingBNotcompletedCNotcompletingDNothavingcompleted2ThemanageritcleartousthathedidntagreewithusleftthemeetingroomAwhohasmadeBhavingmadeCmadeDmaking3ThestormleftalotofdamagetothisareaAcausedBtohavecausedCtocauseDcausing4fromothercontinentsillionsofyearsAustraliahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworldABeingseparatedBHavingseparatedCHavingbeenseparatedDTobeseparated二過去分詞1過去分詞作定語Attribute已升起的太陽有組織的旅行1在句中的位置單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)位于它所修飾的名詞或代詞前面過去分詞短語作定語時(shí)位于它所修飾的名詞或代詞后面arisensunanorganizedtrippeopleaddictedtodrugsaschoolbuiltfororphans過去分詞修飾somethingeverythinganythingnothingsomebodynobodythose等不定代詞時(shí)要放在這些詞后面HeisoneofthoseinvitedNothingreportedinthenewspaperinterestedhimthechangingworldthechangedworld正在變化的變化了的boilingwaterboiledwater正在沸騰的已經(jīng)沸騰過的過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞在做定語時(shí)的識別過去分詞表示被動或完成現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動或舉行2所表示的時(shí)間過去分詞作定語時(shí)所表示的動作在謂語所表示的動作之前發(fā)生TheletterpostedyesterdaywillsoonreachhimTheyfoundadamagedcaratthegateofthepark3語法功能過去分詞或過去分詞短語作定語時(shí)其功能相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句ThestolenbikebelongstoJackThebikewhichhadbeenstolenbelongstoJack做定語Iknowthepeoplebuildingthehousethere主動舉行Thehousebeingbuiltoverthereisashop被動正在建Thehousebuiltoverthereisashop被動已建好2作表語Predicative過去分詞作表語時(shí)多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)ThedoorremainedlockedShelookeddisappointed常見作表語的過去分詞有disappointeddrunkamusedfrightenedmarriedexcitedexperiencedinterestedconfusedpleasedpuzzledsatisfiedtiredWorrieding作表語與ed作表語的識別TheresultofthetestisdisappointingIfeeldisappointedintheresultofthetestWhatasurprisingresultIamsurprisedatwhathesaidCleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallygetbythehourApayBpayingCpaidDtopay該題測驗(yàn)分詞作表語的用法topaysbbythehour計(jì)時(shí)給某人報(bào)酬此題被動布局作表語類似的有g(shù)etburntgethurtgetwounded3作狀語過去分詞作狀語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句用來說明理由時(shí)間條件等a表示時(shí)間SeenfromthespacetheearthlooksblueWhenitisseenfromspaceb表示條件KeptinrefrigeratorvegetableswillremainfreshIftheyarekeptinrefrigeratorc表示理由d表示伴隨處境DeeplymovedbythestorythechildrenbegantocryAstheyweredeeplymovedShewalkedoutofthehousefollowedbyherlittledaughterandwasfollowedbyherlittledaughtere表示讓步AlthoughhewasbeatenbytheenemyBeatenbytheenemyherefusedtoletoutthesecret1withthesizeofthewholeearththebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatallACompareBWhencomparingCComparingDWhencompared2inthemountainsforaweekthetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpoliceAHavinglostBLostCBeinglostDLosing4分詞作賓補(bǔ)1跟分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動詞有catchhavegetkeephearfindfeelleavemakewantstartnoticeobservewatchset等2在復(fù)合賓語中用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)說明賓語是動作的發(fā)出者形成規(guī)律上的主謂關(guān)系用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示賓語是動作的承受者構(gòu)成規(guī)律上的動賓關(guān)系Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldntmakehims