完形填空一備用2023年高考英語(yǔ)考試易錯(cuò)題

【導(dǎo)入】

掌握3步解題流程一解題求穩(wěn)

第一步:做完形填空題時(shí)，考生應(yīng)根據(jù)首句給出的提示，借助文中的關(guān)鍵詞，簡(jiǎn)要了解文章大意。快

通覽全文明大意■速通讀全文，抓住主線，理清脈絡(luò)，把握全篇。

根據(jù)第一遍瀏覽時(shí)的印象，分清空格屬于解題口訣：

句內(nèi)層次題哪種設(shè)題類(lèi)型，在碰到句內(nèi)層次題時(shí)，可以句內(nèi)層次最簡(jiǎn)單，

邊讀邊結(jié)合已經(jīng)掌握的信息做出選擇，如

邊讀邊填根據(jù)已知便能填。

有必要，可再回讀相關(guān)句子。句組層次也不難，

V放下該空前后看。

碰到句組層次題時(shí)，先放下該空，采用跳

句組層次題語(yǔ)篇層次確實(shí)難，

第二步讀的方法，繼續(xù)閱讀與其相鄰的幾個(gè)句子，

先易后難逐級(jí)填解題信息找不全。

前后看看查找相關(guān)信息點(diǎn)，然后細(xì)讀，準(zhǔn)確理解句

意，選擇符合語(yǔ)境的答案。此類(lèi)問(wèn)題不要慌，

放眼全篇細(xì)思量。

對(duì)于語(yǔ)篇層次題，需要綜合全篇信息作答。句內(nèi)句組不能解，

語(yǔ)篇層次題所以，語(yǔ)篇層次題考查的是綜合邏輯分析暫時(shí)跳過(guò)放一放。

能力?？忌谧鲞@類(lèi)題目時(shí)，不要急于作等到信息足夠全，

最后決斷答，一定要等到信息足夠明了，放到最后

綜合思維把它判。

V再做判斷。

第三步填空全部完成，將選項(xiàng)代入原文，通讀一遍，看讀文是否流暢、語(yǔ)意是否連貫。對(duì)不通順的地方,：

復(fù)核驗(yàn)證讀全篇可以從語(yǔ)法、詞義、習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配、背景知識(shí)等方面進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證和確定答案。;

技巧1語(yǔ)篇：建立語(yǔ)篇全局思維

語(yǔ)篇層次題的解題需要掌握語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)，抓住全文的脈絡(luò)、作者的心理、思想、意圖或價(jià)

值取向，然后進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的推理、判斷，從而做出正確的選擇。對(duì)此類(lèi)題目，一定要堅(jiān)持這樣

一個(gè)原則——不急于解答，讀完全文后綜合思維再做判定。

畫(huà)畫(huà)囹陶

1.（2021?新高考全國(guó)卷I）Mylifeasatax-payingemployedpersonbeganinmiddleschool,

when,forthreewholedays,Iworkedinabakingfactory.

MybestfriendBetsy'sfatherwasamanageratHoughBakeries,which,atEastertime,

41.madelittlebunny（兔子）cakesforallits42.storesthroughoutCleveland.Ithappenedthatthe

plantdowntownneededeightkidsfor43helpduringourspringbreak,fbrwhichIhadno

44.plansbeyondlisteningtomyfavoriterecords.

43.A.generousB.financial

C.technicalD.temporary

【解析】本題是典型的語(yǔ)篇層次題，只看題目所在的句子我們是無(wú)法確定答案的，此類(lèi)題目需要綜合全篇

來(lái)找線索。根據(jù)上文中的forthreewholedays和下文中的duringourspringbreak可知，這里說(shuō)的是春假期

間，市中心的工廠需要臨時(shí)找八個(gè)孩子來(lái)幫忙。generous意為“慷慨的、大方的“，financial意為“財(cái)務(wù)的、

金融的“，technical意為”技術(shù)的、專(zhuān)業(yè)的“，temporary意為“臨時(shí)的、暫時(shí)的

【答案】D

技巧2詞匯：區(qū)分形近（義近）詞

完形填空題選項(xiàng)中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些形近詞或義近詞讓考生辨析，因?yàn)樵~形相近或意義相

近，無(wú)形中增加了難度，如果考生對(duì)這些詞掌握得不好或不著眼于語(yǔ)篇的意義便很容易選錯(cuò)。

畫(huà)畫(huà)囹畫(huà)

（2021?全國(guó)卷甲）“Ihave55.maturedandIadmitresponsibilityformy56.actions,"hesaidinthe

letter."Icometoyou,57，toapologizeforthedamageIhad58.indirectlycausedandtoask

youto59.reconsidermylifetimebanfromthehotel.,,

57.A.handsinpocketsB.noseintheair

C.hatinhandD.feetontheground.

【解析】［解析］四個(gè)備選選項(xiàng)在形式上非常相似，都是名詞+介詞+名詞的詞組，部分考生很容易因混

淆而失分。本題可以利用語(yǔ)境暗示分析法解題。根據(jù)空后''…apologizeforthedamage”可推測(cè)作者的態(tài)度是

謙卑的。handsinpockets意為“雙手插兜"，noseintheair意為“目中無(wú)人"，hatinhand意為“恭敬地（乞求或

請(qǐng)求廣，feetontheground意為“腳踏實(shí)地:考生如果完全掌握了這四個(gè)詞組，很容易選出正確選項(xiàng)。

【答案】C

⑥身指點(diǎn)擊

在完形填空題的設(shè)題上，命題者往往還將一些考生平常容易忽視的詞匯設(shè)置成選項(xiàng)，從

而造成因理解障礙而錯(cuò)選。在備考中，要深度學(xué)習(xí)詞語(yǔ)，擴(kuò)大詞匯量，結(jié)合各種主題語(yǔ)境，

積累詞匯及詞塊，以期做題時(shí)順利提取已知信息。

即時(shí)見(jiàn)S

（2021?天津卷3月）"It'sareallygreat33.experienceforkids,“saidaneighborinaninterview

withthelocalnewspaper/'Pruittiscertainlyprovidinga34.service,butit'snotjustthebikes.It'sthe

relationshipsinthecommunity.It'sthe35hecanmakeonpeople.9,

35.A.compromiseB.impression

C.impactD.progress

［解析］

【解析】根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，此處表示普魯伊特的行為對(duì)人們產(chǎn)生的“影響”。本題的選擇難度在于A選項(xiàng)

“compromise（妥協(xié)、和解）”對(duì)于同學(xué)們而言是一個(gè)相對(duì)陌生的詞匯，一些考生可能因?yàn)樵~匯積累不夠，又

不能有效地利用上下文中的提示而失分。

【答案】A

技巧3詞匯：關(guān)注一詞多義或熟詞生義

在最近幾年的高考完形填空中，一詞多義、熟詞生義、舊詞新義的考查屢見(jiàn)不鮮，這往

往也是考生容易失分的地方。很多考生由于不懂這些熟詞的“新義”而出現(xiàn)思維堵塞，造成

了不應(yīng)有的失分。下面我們選取具有代表性的試題加以分析，以幫助考生熟悉其命題特點(diǎn)，

從而跳出命題人設(shè)置的詞匯“陷阱”。

aaaa

1.（2021?新高考全國(guó)卷I）Our48inthefactoryweresimple：Placecakesonamoving

belt.Attachicing（糖霜）ears.Applyicingeyesandnose.49.Removebunnyfromthebelt.

48.A.joysB.ideas

C.rolesD.choices

【解析】根據(jù)下文中的“Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicingears...fromthebelt”可知，這里介紹的是作

者他們?cè)诠S的具體工作或職責(zé)。role除了表示“角色”外，還可以表示“職責(zé)、作用”。

【答案】C

即時(shí)見(jiàn)IS

1.l.Helookedsurprised,butgotrighttowork,tryingtofindthetire.

A.spareB.freeC.fullD.empty

【解析】spare熟義是“抽出時(shí)間”。在這篇文章中，spare意為“備用的”。

【答案】A

2.Nottoolongago,anincidentthathappenedatWaltDisneytouchedmegreatly.Aguesttoldthefront-deskclerk

shehadhadawonderfulvacation,butwasheartbrokenaboutlosingseveralrollsofKodakcolorfilmshehad

not

yet.

A.developedB.takenC.washedD.loaded

【解析】develop熟義是“發(fā)展"。film在此意為“膠片”,故選A,develop意為“沖印，

【答案】A

技巧4思維：陷入慣性思維而錯(cuò)選

在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中，考生的母語(yǔ)、知識(shí)面、思維習(xí)慣等都有可能令考生出現(xiàn)一些思維定勢(shì)現(xiàn)

象；另外，高考語(yǔ)篇中融合的文化知識(shí)也很豐富，如果不謹(jǐn)慎思考，沒(méi)有全面權(quán)衡問(wèn)題，并

未能靈活運(yùn)用生活常識(shí)，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致誤解一些題目，從而抑制信息提取的速度和效率。完形填

空解題中因慣性思維而失分常有以下兩種情況：

(1)學(xué)習(xí)單詞時(shí)受到思維定勢(shì)影響

有些考生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)單詞過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單化，僅記其中文意思，而不深刻理解其實(shí)際用法和英漢

用法之間的細(xì)微差異。例如：表示“成功做某事”時(shí)，不可以用succeedtodosth.來(lái)表達(dá)，而

應(yīng)該是succeed(in)doingsth.o

(2)學(xué)習(xí)詞組或習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)時(shí)受到思維定勢(shì)影響，而沒(méi)有完整分析整句話或者按照意群斟酌

例如：學(xué)習(xí)了waitfor這個(gè)短語(yǔ)以后，有的考生在做題過(guò)程中只要碰到wait,后面要接介

詞時(shí)就毫不猶豫地選擇但在中就不用。

for0“Hestoppedhiscartowaitattheredlight.”for

asaa

1.(2021?天滓卷3月)ForPruitt,akeenbicyclist,thefirstthingtodowas19hisstolen

bike.Butwhenhewentbikeshopping,hefoundfewavailable,whichgothimthinking:Whatifthe

20.lackofbikeswasCOVID-19related,andwhatifthepersonwho'dtakenhisbikereallyneeded

21.transportationtogettowork?

19.A.rideB.lock

C.repairD.replace

【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，普魯伊特作為熱衷騎自行車(chē)的人，自行車(chē)被偷，他首先要做的應(yīng)該是換一輛自行

車(chē)，replace符合語(yǔ)境。但考生受思維定勢(shì)影響，可能看到下文的bike就下意識(shí)地以為選擇rideabike這個(gè)

固定搭配，從而誤選A項(xiàng)。

【答案】D

基礎(chǔ)夯實(shí)

解題技巧

做完形填空題時(shí)必須遵循“整體一分解一整體”的“三位一體”的步驟，要充分體現(xiàn)先“完義”后“完形”的特

點(diǎn)。注重整合，把握上下文相關(guān)信息的攝取、篩選與比較等方法。具體解題方法如下：

(1)通過(guò)主旨大意解題

在完形填空題中，理解主旨大意十分重要，正確把握主旨大意有助于考生對(duì)文章細(xì)節(jié)的正確理解，特別是

長(zhǎng)難句的分析和突破可以幫助考生提高解題的正確率。完形填空題的第一句往往

不設(shè)空，這句話一般是文章的主題句,考生在解題時(shí)要重視首句的內(nèi)容。

(2)通過(guò)文化背景解題

完形填空的語(yǔ)篇信息常滲透著各類(lèi)相關(guān)的文化背景知識(shí)。有些選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置與文化背景相關(guān)，這就要求考

生有較寬的知識(shí)面,同時(shí)要具備一定的文化意識(shí)，特別是要有對(duì)英語(yǔ)國(guó)家文化的敏感性和鑒別力，只有這樣才

能既快速又準(zhǔn)確地解題。

(3)通過(guò)瞻前信息解題

該解法要求考生重點(diǎn)聯(lián)系空前的信息。文章內(nèi)容展開(kāi)之后，這時(shí)前文已經(jīng)含有豐富的語(yǔ)境信息,它們可

能和后面的設(shè)空處有邏輯或語(yǔ)境方面的聯(lián)系，這樣空前的信息就成為解題的依據(jù)。解

題時(shí)一定要善于捕捉這些重要的信息。

(4)通過(guò)顧后信息解題

完形填空在命題的過(guò)程中，上下文情節(jié)的發(fā)展都會(huì)有一定的聯(lián)系,這些聯(lián)系是解題的重要根據(jù)，考生需要

依據(jù)空格后的相關(guān)信息選出答案。

(5)通過(guò)復(fù)現(xiàn)詞解題

這類(lèi)題多為同義詞、近義詞和反義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)或同義詞、近義詞和反義詞的異形的復(fù)現(xiàn)。這類(lèi)試題主要

是考查考生的整體篇章意識(shí)和對(duì)上下文的推斷能力。

(6)通過(guò)邏輯關(guān)系解題

邏輯連接詞在文中起著銜接與連貫的重要作用，可以表達(dá)文中的因果、轉(zhuǎn)折等邏輯關(guān)系。這種題型是高

考中的難點(diǎn),因?yàn)樗枰忌休^強(qiáng)的邏輯判斷能力以及對(duì)文章的整體把握能力。

(7)通過(guò)固定搭配解題

在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中，掌握詞組和短語(yǔ)的用法十分重要。高考完形填空的命題中，通常會(huì)涉及固定短語(yǔ)的搭配,

如動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)等，考生需要運(yùn)用所學(xué)詞匯知識(shí),結(jié)合綜合語(yǔ)言能力對(duì)相關(guān)試題進(jìn)行突破。

(8)通過(guò)生活常識(shí)解題

完形填空題所選的文章多是具有一定故事情節(jié)和教育意義的記敘文，這些文章貼近考生的生活，這樣就

會(huì)涉及對(duì)生活常識(shí)的考查，所以在解題時(shí),考生需要根據(jù)生活常識(shí)選出答案。

(9)通過(guò)語(yǔ)法分析解題

對(duì)語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的考查也是完形填空題的重要命題角度。對(duì)于這種題，要有針對(duì)性地對(duì)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、句式特點(diǎn)、

句子成分等進(jìn)行分析，從而迅速解決問(wèn)題。

模擬演練

、

Whatwouldhappenifahumanbrainwasconnectedtoapowerfulcomputer?ThatiswhatKevinWarwick,a

professorattheUniversityofReading,U.K.,]tofindout.UIwanttohaveagoatexploringwhatitmeans

to2hesays.

Soonhewillhavean3Aglasstubewillbeplacedaroundagroupofnervesinhisarm.Insidethetube

therewillbetinycomputercircuits.Thesewill4messagesbeingsenttothebrainandsendthemtoa

computer.

"Painprovidesaclearelectronicsignalonthenervoussystemasitmovesfromits5oforigintothe

brain.Wewanttofindoutwhathappensifthatsignalissenttothecomputerandthenplayedbackagain.WillI

feelthe6pain?"saysKevinWarwick.

Itisnotjustabout7Thehumannervoussystemsendsawidevarietyofothermessagestothebrain,

whichcouldhavemanydifferent8Thecomputercouldprovidetheeyesforablindperson.Anxiousor

depressedpeopleareoftengivendrugstomakethemfeel9Butwhatiftheycoulddownloadfeelingsof

happinessdirectlyintotheirminds?Imagineyouarethousandsofmilesawayfromyourlovedones.Youlove

themand10tobebackwiththem.Thenyoustorethese11onacomputerandsendthemtoyour

familyasane-mail.

ProfessorWarwickbelievesthatthesuccessofhisnewexperimentcouldbenefithumanbeingsinmanyways.

Ahumanwillbeone12tousethememoryandmathematicalpowerofthecomputer.Heorshewillbe

abletocommunicatethoughtsandfeelings13acrosstheplanetusingtheInternet.Humanhaveusedtheir

intelligencetocreateincreasinglyintelligent_14.Hasthetimenowcomeforthetwoto15together?

1.A.managesB.helpsC.intendsD.tends

2.A.advancesB.humansC.rights□.competitions

3.A.operationB.adjustmentC.assessmentD.examination

4.A.giveoffB.turnintoC.makeupD.pickup

5.A.levelB.spaceC.momentD.point

6.A.awfulB.usualC.sameD.slight

7.A.signalsB.painC.brainD.messages

8.A.explanationsB.applicationsC.systemsD.problems

9.A.betterB.strongerC.wiserD.worse

10.A.preferB.agreeC.longD.refuse

11.A.feelingsB.greetingsC.requestsD.memories

12.A.ableB.willingC.bornD.afraid

13.A.indirectlyB.separatelyC.directlyD.purposelessly

14.A.worldsB.machinesC.websitesD.bodies

15.A.learnB.meetC.developD.join

IfellinlovewithYosemiteNationalParkthefirsttimeIsawit.Myparentstookusthereforcamping.Onthe

wayout,IaskedthemtowaitwhileIranuptoElCapitain,a1rockof3,300feetstraightup.Itouchedthat

giantrockandknew2Iwantedtoclimbit.Thathasbeenmylife'spassion（熱愛(ài)）eversince-3the

rocksandmountainsofYosemite.FvelongmadeYosemitemy4

About15yearsagoIstartedseeingalotof5likebeercans,emptyboxes,aroundthearea.It*sbeyond

mewhyvisitorsstartedrespectingtheplace6andtreatedsuchabeautifulhome-likeplacethisway.

Itried7trash（垃圾）myself,butthejobwastoobig.Iwould8anhourortwoonthejob,onlytofind

theareatrashedalloveragainweekslater.Finally,IgotsotiredofitthatIdecidedsomethinghadtochange.

In2004,togetherwithsomeclimbers,Isetadatefora9Onthatday,morethan300people10

Overthreedayswecollectedabout6,000poundsoftrash.Itwasamazinghowmuchwewereableto11I

couldn'tbelievethe12wemade—theparklookedclean!

Eachyearvolunteerscomeforthecleanupfromeverywhere.In2007alone,2,945peoplepickedup42,330

poundsoftrash.

Ioftenhearpeople_13abouttheirsurroundings.Ifyouareone：ofthem,Iwouldsaytheonlywayto

changethingsisby14ratherthancomplaining.Weneedtoteachby.15.

l.A.distantB.hugeC.narrowD.loose

2.A.immediatelyB.finallyC.graduallyD.recently

3.A.imaginingB.paintingC.describingD.climbing

4.A.gardenB.homeC.labD.palace

5.A.materialB.resourcesC.wasteD.goods

6.A.moreB.mostC.lessD.least

7.A.throwingawayB.pickingupC.breakingdownD.diggingout

8.A.killB.saveC.waitD.spend

9.A.cleanupB.partyC.picnicD.concert

10.A.droppedoutB.showedupC.lookedaroundD.calledback

1l.A.demandB.receiveC.achieveD.overcome

12.A.planB.visitC.contactD.difference

13.A.talkB.complainC.argueD.quarrel

14.A.doingB.thinkingC.questioningD.watching

15.A.methodB.explanationC.exampleD.research

三、

Ithasbeenfiveyears.Noone*squitesurehowSasha,the6-year-oldblackcat,[itfromPortlandtoNew

Mexicoafterfiveyears.Butapparentlyitisn*tuncommonforcats—whoareknownfor

their2character—togohitchhiking（搭便車(chē)）.

"It'slikeheneverleft.He'sso3JsaiditsownerUsov."IguesshewasonagreatAmerican4”

WhenSashadisappearedin2014,Usovthoughtthecatmighthave5wolves.Butnoteverycatthat

disappears6abadend.HIfsverycommonforacatto7onatrainorthebackofatruck,butforacat

totravel1,200milesandthengobacktoitsowner?That8happens.,"

Sasha*sfurwas（舌L成一團(tuán)的）whenhewasfound9thestreetsbyworkersoftheSantaFeAnimal

Shelterthismonth.Theysetouttofindhisowner."Sashadidn'tmissameal,"Kirdar,aworkerattheshelter,said.

Theshelterreunitesfamilieswiththeir10petseveryday,11thisisthefirsttimeKirdarhas

doneanin-persondelivery.Sasha's12wouldnothavebeenpossiblehadhenotbeenmicrochipped（^.K

微芯片）.Themicrochipisthebestformof13J*saidKirdar.However,justgettingyourpetmicrochipped

isn'tenough.It'simportantto14themicrochip'sproducerifthereisa15inyourcontact

information.

1.A.hatedB.madeC.receivedD.learnt

2.A.complexB.popularC.independentD.weak

3.A.happyB.annoyingC.pitifulD.helpful

4.A.adventureB.farmC.island0.holiday

5.A.teamedwithB.fallenvictimtoC.madefriendswithD.foughtagainst

6.A.bringsB.demandsC.meetsD.expects

7.A.biteB.liveC.sleepD.jump

8.A.actuallyB.rarelyC.normallyD.hopefully

9.A.clearingB.blockingC.wanderingD.checking

10.A.thrilledB.unluckyC.missingD.crazy

11.A.andB.butC.becauseD.though

12.A.returnB.illnessC.disappearance0.movement

13.A.technologyB.civilizationC.identification□.explanation

14.A.downloadB.recordC.copyD.update

15.A.factB.numberC.nameD.change

四、

Advertisingisaboutcreatingimages,andthisisespeciallytruewhenadvertisingfoodanddrinks.What

the[lookslikeismoreimportantthanwhatittasteslike.Ifcompanieshopetosellfoodsuccessfully,the

foodmust2appetizing.

Televisionadvertisingoffoodoftenuses3Apparently,foodlooksespeciallyappetizingifitmoves.

Chocolatesaucelooksmuchmore4whenyouseeitbeingpouredovericecreamthanitdoesjustsittingin

ajar.

5effectsalsohelptosellfood:sausagessizzling（噬噬響）inafryingpanaremouth-watering.A

TV6forabrandofcoffeehadthesoundofcoffeepercolating（過(guò)濾）inthebackground.Thecommercial

wasso7thatitlastedfiveyears.

The8offoodanditspackagingisalsoveryimportant.Ifthecolourlooks9peoplewon'teatit.

Nobodywouldnormallyeatbluebreadordrinkbluebeer.Other10foodcoloursarepurple,grey,andin

somecases,white.

Howpeopleexpectsomethingtotasteofteninfluenceshowit11doestaste.Researchersgavesome

mineralwatertotwogroupsofpeople.Theytoldonegroupthatthewaterwasmineralwater,andalmostall

peoplesaid,"Iltastes12Thentheresearcherstoldtheothergroupthatthewaterwastapwater.This

groupsaidthewatertastedalittlefunny.Theword"tap"createda（n）13imageofchlorine（氯）.

Itisthesamewith14.Afoodmanufacturergaveagroupofpeoplethesame15inaglassjarand

inacanandaskedthemtotasteit.Theyallclaimedthattheproductintheglassjartastedbetter.

Soitseemstobetrue.Imageiseverything.

1.A.companyB.foodC.imageD.milk

2.A.lookB.tasteC.soundD.smell

3.A.soundB.senseC.movementD.imagination

4.A.beautifulB.naturalC.cleanD.delicious

5.A.ActionB.TelevisionC.MusicD.Sound

6.A.advertisementB.programmeC.showD.speech

7.A.noisyB.expensiveC.successfulD.long

8.A.priceB.nameC.brandD.colour

9.A.rightB.greatC.interestingD.wrong

10.A.unknownB.unpopularC.practicalD.famous

ll.A.actuallyB.especiallyC.elegantlyD.seriously

12.A.strangeB.funnyC.goodD.salty

13.A.perfectB.unusualC.unpleasant0.unbelievable

14.A.advertisingB.packagingC.producingD.tasting

15.A.productB.waterC.meatD.coffee

五、

Forthousandsofyears,peoplehaveknownthatthebestwaytounderstandaconceptistoexplainittoothers.

"Whileweteach,we]saidRomanphilosopherSeneca.Nowscientistsarebringingthisancientwisdom

up-to-date.They're2whyteachingissuchafruitfulwaytolearn.

Researchershavefoundthatstudentswhoteachothersworkharderto3thematerial,andapplyit

more4.Studentteachersscorehigheronteststhanpupilswho'relearningonlyfbrthemselves.Buthowcan

children,5learningthemselves,teachothers?Oneanswer:Theycanteachyoungerkids.Somestudieshave

foundthatfirst-bornchildrenaremore6thantheirlater-bornsiblings(兄弟姐妹).Thissuggeststheirhigher

IQsresultfromthetimetheyspendteachingtheirsiblings.

Noweducatorsareexperimentingwithwaysto7thismodeltoschoolwork.Theyengagecollege

undergraduatestoteachcomputersciencetohighschoolstudents,whothen8instructmiddleschool

studentsonthetopic.Butthemostcutting-edgetoolisthe"teachableagent**—acomputerizedcharacterwho

learns,tries,makesmistakesandasksquestionsjustlikeareal-world9.Computerscientistshavecreated

ananimated(動(dòng)的)figurecalledBetty'sBrain,whohasbeen"taught"aboutsciencebymiddleschoolstudents.

StudentteachersaremotivatedtohelpBetty10certainmaterials.Whilepreparingtoteach,theyorganize

theirknowledgeandimprovetheirunderstanding.Andastheyexplaintheinformationtoit,theyidentify

problemsintheirown11.

Feedbackfromtheteachableagent12improvestheteachers'learning.Theagents1questionsdrive

studentteacherstothinkandexplainthematerialsindifferent13,andwatchingtheagentsolveproblems

allowstheemotionsoneexperiencesintoaction.14,it'stheemotionsoneexperiencesinteachingthathelp

learning.Studentteachersfeel15whentheirteachableagentsfail,buthappywhenthesepupilssucceedas

theygainprideandsatisfactionfromsomeoneelse*sachievement.

(1)A.learnB.doubtC.growD.practice

(2)A.valuingB.provingC.questioningD.assuming

(3)A.prepareB.preserveC.exchange□.understand

(4)A.officiallyB.effectivelyC.fluentlyD.carefully

(5)A.stillB.evenC.thoughD.once

(6)A.curiousB.energeticC.independentD.academic

(7)A.addB.applyC.offerD.show

(8)A.aswellB.atonceC.inturnD.ofcourse

(9)A.teacherB.parentC.siblingD.pupil

(10)A.arrangeB.markC.masterD.link

(11)A.thinkingB.readingC.inspirationD.guidance

(12)A.shortlyB.hardlyC.rather0.further

(13)A.waysB.casesC.placesD.orders

(14)A.InallB.AfterallC.AboveallD.Forall

(15)A.satisfiedB.sickC.pleasedD.upset

六、

Dressedinaprettylongrobe(袍月艮),stylistXiaoHangwalksacrossthebusyBeijingmetro,attractingcurious

glances.

Chinahasbeen]byWesternfashioninrecentdecades,butmanyyoungpeoplelikeXiaoarelookingto

the2fortheirchoicesofclothingandwearingtraditionalhanfu.ThesehistoriccostumesoftheHanethnic

groupare3arenaissance(復(fù)興)inpartbecausethegovernmentispromotingtraditionalculturetoboost

patriotism(愛(ài)國(guó)主義)andnational4Perioddramashavealsocontributedtothe5ininterestin

traditionalChineseclothing——TheStory0fMing/an,aTVseriessetintheSongDynasty6morethan400

millionviewersinthreedays.

Thereisno7definitionofwhatcountsashanfusinceeachdynastyhasitsownstyle,buttheclothes

are8byloose,flowingrobes,withsleevesthathangdowntotheknees."Whenwewerelittle,wewould

drape(披)sheetsandblanketsto9wewerewearingbeautifulclothes,"Xiaosaid.

"Two-thirdsofmywardrobeishanfu,''saidYangJiaming,ahighschoolstudentdressedinaTang-stylerobe

andblackbootsatahanfugathering.Hewearshanfuunderhisuniformatschoolandhisclassmatesandteachers

havebeen10ofhisstyle.

ThesupportofthegovernmentforChineseculturehasgiventhehanfucommunitya(n)11.InApril

2019,theCommunistYouthLeagueofChina12atwo-dayconferenceontraditionalChineseclothing,

includinghanfu.

Clothesarethe"13ofculture",saidJiangXue,amemberofBeijing-basedhanfuclubMowutianxia,

whichhasreceived14fromtheCommunistYouthLeagueofChina.MIfwedonoteven15our

traditionalclothesordon'twearthem,howcanwetalkaboutotheressentialpartsofourculture?1*shesaid.

1.A.praisedB.welcomedC.influencedD.greeted

2.A.futureB.presentC.pastD.moment

3.A.sufferingB.experiencingC.refusing0.stopping

4.A.approvalB.acknowledgementC.confirmation0.identity

5.A.revolutionB.declineC.increaseD.stability

6.A.inspiredB.attractedC.encouragedD.accepted

7.A.uniformB.identicalC.casualD.simple

8.A.specializedB.characterizedC.impressedD.decorated

9.A.showB.proveC.pretendD.declare

lO.A.afraidB.scaredC.ashamedD.supportive

11.A.startB.endC.boostD.lift

12.A.promotedB.addressedC.attendedD.held

13.A.protectionB.signalC.reproductionD.symbol

14.A.criticismB.fundingC.giftsD.invitations

15.A.dislikeB.realizeC.understandD.ignore

七、

Thesunwasshiningbrightlyoverourheadsandsweat（汗水）waspouringoffourbacksandfaces.Westood

stillwithout]anynoise,allhotandtired.Buteveryonekeptstandingasstraightastrees.

Itwas2mosthighschoolsgivetonewSeniorOnestudents—militarytraining.We3fourdaysina

closedenvironment.Althoughwecouldn'tgohomeatnightandthetrainingwas4anddifficult,our

humorousyoungdrillsergeant（教官）withafunnyaccentwasareal5ofourdays.Welaughedathisjokes,

satinrowssingingdifferentsongsand6himtellingtruestoriesabouthislife.Hegaveusthefeeling

that7andsweatwerenottheonlythingsthatmilitarytraining8.

Afterthisjourney,weweremore9thanwehadimaginedandweweremuchbraverthanwehad10.

Girlswholookedpalerestedforalittlewhile,thenrightawaycamebacktotheteam.Boyswhowerebeing

punished11totheplaygroundatonceandbegantorun.Sweatfloweddownourfaceswhenwethought

abouthowtoshout12thanotherclasses.

Militarytrainingtaughtusperseverance（堅(jiān)持不懈）anddetermination.Onthelastdayofourtraining,the

confidencecouldbe13onourfaces.Weshoutedsoloudthatour14couldbeheardacrosstheheavens.

Witheyeslikeburningtorches（/</巨）,wewalkedintothefuture.Nowthesunis15atallofus.

l.A.cryingB.makingC.sendingD.telling

2.A.nothingB.anythingC.somethingD.everything

3.A.wastedB.spent