課后操練提能[夯實·基礎知識]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Severalfrogsare________(蹦跳)onthelawn.答案：hopping2.Thatlittlegirlis________(瘸的),soshehasdifficultywalkingtoschoolonherown.答案：lame3.Weshallbelandingshortly;please________(系牢)yourseat-belts.答案：fastenYouhaveputmeinanembarrassedposition.Ifeel________(難堪)．答案：awkward5.Theteachersare________(嚴格的)withtheirstudents.答案：firm/strict6.Shef________theletterandputitintoanenvelopebeforegoingtothepostoffice.答案：folded7.Althoughshewasanewcomer,shesoona________herselftothenewschoollife.答案：adjusted8.Theapartmentwasf________inArtKecostyle.答案：furnished9.Nevertellherasecret.She'sgotal________tongue.1答案：loose10.Hisb________feetmadenosoundinthesoftsand.答案：bareⅡ.選詞填空haveapopulationof,inthestyleof,adjustto,setoff,pullout,makeup,diefrom1.Thehousesinthistownare__________Europeanarchitecture.答案：inthestyleof2.Ourcounty__________________around630,000.答案：hasapopulationof3.Youmust______thelifethereifyouwanttoworkinthewest.答案：adjustto4.Theywill________forNewYorknextweek.答案：setoff5.He________anotefromhispocketandhandedittome.答案：pulledout6.Girlstudents________over60%ofourclass.答案：makeupEveryyearmanypeople________heartdiseasesinourcountry.答案：diefromⅢ.達成句子Ifyouwanttocatchthetrain,we'dbetter________________thestationimmediately.2你假如想追上那班火車，我們最好立刻起程去火車站。答案：setoffforHe______theletter________________andputitintohispocket.他將信對折后放進了口袋里。答案：folded；inhalf3.Ittookafewsecondsforhereyes________________.幾秒鐘以后她的眼睛才適應了黑暗。答案：toadjusttothedarkness4.________________somebuildingsandshops.鄰近有一些樓房和商鋪。答案：NearbyareNobodyknowsexactlyhowmanyraces________________theregion.沒有人切實地知道多少個種族構成了這個地域的人口。答案：makeupthepopulationof6.Workingpart-time,Ifoundthatsomecustomerswerepolite________________.做兼職時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)有些顧客很有禮貌而其余的則不是。答案：whereasotherswerenot7.________________thewrittenformofanaturallanguageisthewrittenrecordoftheoralform.廣泛以為一門語言的書面形式是口語形式的書寫記錄。答案：ItisgenerallyagreedthatⅣ.單句語法填空(不多于3個單詞)—MightMarygowithmetothemovie,Mrs.Wilson?3—I'msorry,butIdon'twantmydaughter________(take)outafterdark.答案：taken考察過去分詞作賓語補足語。句意：——威爾森太太，瑪麗能和我一同去看電影嗎？——對不起，我不想讓我女兒天黑后被帶出去。因為作為賓語補足語的take與賓語mydaughter之間是被動關系，所以用taken。________(accuse)ofstealingmoneyfromthebank,hewasquestionedbythepolice.答案：Accused考察過去分詞作原由狀語。句意：由于被指控從銀行里偷錢，他遇到了警察的審問。本句構成accusesb.ofdoing“指控某人干某事”，由于accuse與he之間是被動關系，所以用過去分詞。3.We'vejustmovedintoabiggerhouseandthere'salottodo.Let'sgetdown______it.答案：to句意：我們剛才搬進一個大一點的房屋，所以有好多事情要做，讓我們開始做吧。getdownto“開始做某事”。Thoughseriously________(injure)intheleg,theguidekeptcalmandhelpedotherpassengersoutofthedamagedbus.答案：injured考察過去分詞作退步狀語。句意：只管腿部嚴重受傷，導游鎮(zhèn)定地幫助其余乘客從破壞的汽車里走出來。作狀語的injure與主語guide之間是被動關系，表示導游已經(jīng)受傷，過去分詞表被動、達成。________(write)carelessly,yourcompositionisfullofmistakes.答案：Written考察過去分詞作原由狀語。由于yourcomposition是被寫，所以用written。6.Thepolicemanputdownthephone,________(satisfy)withasmileonhisface.4答案：satisfied考察過去分詞作陪伴狀語。句意：警察放下電話，臉上有一絲滿意的淺笑。由于是警察感覺滿意，所以用過去分詞形式的形容詞修飾句子主語thepoliceman。________(see)fromspace,theearth,withwater______(cover)seventypercentofitssurface,lookslikeablueball.答案：Seen；covering句意：從太空看，表面被水覆蓋了70%的地球看起來像一個藍色的球。由于作狀語的see與句子主語theearth之間是被動關系，所以用過去分詞；withwatercoveringseventypercentofitssurface是with復合構造作定語修飾theearth，作賓語補足語的cover與賓語water之間是主動關系，故用covering。Mymotheropenedthedrawertoput______theknivesandspoons.答案：away句意：我的母親翻開抽屜，放好刀子和勺子。putaway“放好，整理起來”。9.Whenfirst________(introduce)tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.答案：introduced考察過去分詞作時間狀語。句意：當這些產(chǎn)品初次投放市場時，就獲取了巨大成功。introduce“引入，引進”與句子主語theseproducts之間是被動關系。10.________(attract)bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.答案：Attracted考察過去分詞作原由狀語。句意：被大自然美景所吸引，來自倫敦的女孩決定在農(nóng)場上再待兩天。[提高·實戰(zhàn)能力]Ⅴ.閱讀理解5AsmoreandmorepeoplespeaktheglobalW1languagesofEnglish,Chinese,Spanish,andArabic,otherlanguagesarerapidlydisappearing.Infact,halfofthe6,000～7,000languagesspokenaroundtheworldtodaywilllikelydieoutP1bythenextcentury,accordingtotheUnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)．Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholarsfromanumberoforganizations－UNESCOandNationalGeographicamongthem－h(huán)aveformanyyearsbeendocumentingW2dyinglanguagesandtheculturestheyreflect.MarkTurin,ascientistattheMacmillanCenter,YaleUniversity,whospecializesW3inthelanguagesandoraltraditionsW4oftheHimalayas,isfollowinginthat_tradition.Hisrecentlypublishedbook,AGrammarofThangmiwithanEthnolinguisticIntroductiontotheSpeakersandTheirCulture,growsoutofhisexperienceliving,working,andraisingafamilyinavillageinNepal.DocumentingtheThangmilanguageandcultureisjustastartingpointforTurin,whoseekstoincludeotherlanguagesandoraltraditionsacrosstheHimalayanreachesofIndia,Nepal,Bhutan,andChina.ButheisnotcontenttoP2simplyrecordthesevoicesbeforetheydisappearwithoutrecord.AttheUniversityofCambridgeTurindiscoveredawealthofimportantmaterials－includingphotographs,films,taperecordings,andfieldnotes－whichhadremainedunstudiedandwerebadlyinneedofP3careandprotection.6Now,throughthetwoorganizationsthathehasfounded－theDigitalHimalayaProjectandtheWorldOralLiteratureProject－Turinhasstartedacampaigntomakesuchdocuments,foundinlibrariesandstoresaroundtheworld,availableW5notjusttoscholarsbuttotheyoungergenerationsofcommunitiesfromwhomthematerialswereoriginallycollected.ThankstoP4digitaltechnologyandthewidelyavailableInternet,Turinnotes,theendangeredlanguagescanbesavedandreconnectedwithspeechcommunities.本文是說明文，題材為社會文化類。世界上好多語言在慢慢消逝，為了挽救這些使用人數(shù)少的語言好多學者開始了救援工程。本文介紹了一位正在為之奮斗的學者，他究竟為此在做著什么呢？D.setuplanguageresearchorganizations答案：B'細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段第一句中Inanefforttopreventlanguageloss,scholars...documentingdyinglanguages...可知答案為B項。A項：推行世界語言；C項：找尋語言集體；D項：成立語言研究機構。這三項與原文不符。2.Whatdoes“thattradition”inParagraph3referto?A.Havingfullrecordsofthelanguages.B.Writingbooksonlanguageteaching.C.Tellingstoriesaboutlanguageusers.D.Livingwiththenativespeakers.7答案：A'詞義猜想題。依據(jù)第二段最后的documentingdyinglanguages能夠推測出MarkTurin教授也加入到了挽救正在消逝的語言的行列中，他想把這些語言所有記錄下來，所以答案為A項。B項：寫相關語言教課的書；C項：講相關語言使用者的故事；D項：和使用當?shù)卣Z言的人生活在一同。這三項與MarkTurin做的事沒關。3.WhatisTurin'sbookbasedon?A.TheculturalstudiesinIndia.B.ThedocumentsavailableatYale.C.HislanguageresearchinBhutan.D.HispersonalexperienceinNepal.答案：D'細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最后一句話．..growsoutofhisexperienceliving，working，andraisingafamilyinavillageinNepal.可知Turin的這本書是以自己在尼泊爾一個鄉(xiāng)村的生活經(jīng)歷為基礎寫出來的，所以答案為D項。WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTurin'swork?A.Write,sellanddonate.B.Record,repairandreward.C.Collect,protectandreconnect.D.Design,experimentandreport.答案：C'細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最后一段的fromwhomthematerialswereoriginallycollected和theendangeredlanguagescanbesavedandreconnectedwithspeechcommunities可知答案為C項。8.七選五依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項。選項中有兩項為剩余選項。Howcanweallgetmorelaughterintoourlives?Hereiswhattheexpertssuggest：__1__.NancyAlguire,ateacherinCliftonPark,NewYork,wasoncepainfullyshyandhadahardtimelaughing.Thenshemarriedacircusclown(小丑).“Ibecameinterestedintheclowns，”sherecalls.“OnedayIputonacostume(戲裝)andpaintedmyface.Thatafternoonmywholelifechanged.IlearnedtolaughandenjoylifeinawayIhadneverdonebefore.”__2__.Tothisday,shestillmakesitaruletobewithpeoplewhoenjoylifeandlaughing.__3__.Itdoesn'ttakeyoutoomuchtimeandcanbeeasy.Collectfavouritecartoonsandjokes.Also,keepapaperforwriting9downhumouryoufindineverydaylife.“Goodideascomeandgofast,soyouhavetocapturethemquicklyortheyaregone，”saysVirginiaTooper.Laughwhenyouneeditmost.“__4__，”sayscomedianBillCosby.“Andonceyoufindlaughter,nomatterhowpainfulyoursituationmightbe,youcansurviveit，”heinsists.GrayAlan,asociologyprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesota,claimsthatlaughterisaskillwecanallgain—becauseitcomes：wearejusthereforaperiod,sogetafewlaughs.A.YoucansoftentheworstblowsthroughlaughterB.MixwithpeoplewholaughC.PractisetheartoflaughingD.Keepalaughterfile(文檔)E.HewholaughslastlaughsbestF．Butit'salsosomethingthathastobedevelopedG．People'sjoycanaffectthosearoundthem答案：5.FⅦ.書面表達假定你是李華，你的英國網(wǎng)友Jack給你發(fā)來郵件，想認識我國的少量民族之一——傣族的一些基本狀況，請依據(jù)下邊表格中的內(nèi)容，給Jack答復一封郵件。PopulationAround1.3millionNativeregionYunnanProvinceLanguageTheDailanguage10EconomyAgriculturaleconomyMaincropRiceHouseTwo-storybamboohouse:peopleupstairsandanimalsdownstairsMen：shortjackets，longtrousers,Costumewhiteorbluescarf；Women：shortjacketsandstraightskirtsTraditionalPeacockdancedanceFamousfestivalWater-SplashingFestival,inApril注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．郵件開頭和結尾已給出，但不計入總詞數(shù)；3．能夠適合增添細節(jié)，以使行文連接。HiJack，Gladtohearfromyou.Letmetellyousomethingab