內(nèi)臟學(xué)splanchnology人體解剖學(xué)與組織胚胎學(xué)教授splanchno-內(nèi)臟splanchnodynia內(nèi)臟痛內(nèi)臟學(xué)

splanchnology概述

內(nèi)臟viscera包括消化系統(tǒng)、呼吸系統(tǒng)、泌尿系統(tǒng)、生殖系統(tǒng)內(nèi)臟一般結(jié)構(gòu)

中空性器官、實(shí)質(zhì)性器官胸部標(biāo)志線和腹部分區(qū)

胸部標(biāo)志線

腹部分區(qū)胸部標(biāo)志線

前正中線胸骨線鎖骨中線胸骨旁線腋前線腋后線腋中線肩胛線后正中線

消化系統(tǒng)AlimentarySystem⒈Alimentarycanal⒉DigestiveglandsInternalStructuresofthemouthⅠInternalStructuresofthemouthⅡSalivaryGlandsandtheirAssociatedDuctsparotitis

NumberandtypesofAdultTeethLocationandTypesofDeciduousTeethpharynx位置和形態(tài)（1）位置（2）形態(tài)分部（1）鼻咽nasopharynx

（2）口咽Oropharynx（3）喉咽Laryngopharynx

咽壁肌esophagus位置和分部（1）位置（2）分部頸部、胸部、腹部三個狹窄部：第一、食管起始處第二、與左主支氣管交叉處第三、通過膈的食管裂孔處LargeIntestineRectum+AnalCanalRectumdescendsintopelvisnoteniaecolilongitudinalmusclelayercompleterectalvalvesAnalCanalpassesthroughlevatoranimusclereleasesmucustolubricatefecesInternalanalsphincterinvoluntary,smoothm.Externalanalsphinctervoluntary,skeletalm.StratifiedsquamosalepitheliumatlowerhalfLiverLargestgland(3lbs)LocationUpperRightQuadrantMostlyunderribcageHighlyvascularSomefunctionsproducebilepickupglucosedetoxifypoison,drugsmakebloodproteinsmanyothersPancreasNamesgivehints!Hepato=liverPancreatico=pancreasCystic=gallbladderGastro=stomachSplenic=spleenAdreno=adrenalglLumbar=lumbarregionEpiploic=membrane-coveredMesenteric=mesenteryDuodenal=duodenumIleo=ileumColic=colonRectal=rectum呼吸系統(tǒng)

RespiratorySystemSkeletalFrameworkofExternalNoseFashionedbythe:NasalandfrontalbonessuperiorlyMaxillaryboneslaterallyPlatesofhyalinecartilage(lateral,septal,andalarcartilages)inferiorly.NasalCavityFloorisformedbythepalate.Hardpalatecontainsportionsofthemaxillaryandpalatinebones.Softpalatelacksbone.Linedby2typesofepithelium.Slit-likesuperiorregionislinedbyolfactoryepithelium.Whatdoesitdo?Therestislinebyrespiratoryepithelium

(pseudostratifiedciliatedcolumnarwithgobletcells)ItrestsonaCTlayerrichlysuppliedwithmucousandserousglands.LarynxTracheaDescendsfromthelarynxtothemediastinum.Endsbydividingintothe2primarybronchiatmidthorax.Contains3layers:mucosa,submucosa,andadventitiaTrachealmucosacontainspseudostratifiedciliatedepitheliumw/gobletcells.Smokingdestroysrespiratorycilia–necessitatescoughingformucuspropulsionSubmucosacontainsseromucousglands–producethemucusthatlinesthetracheaPleurae泌尿系統(tǒng)UrinarySystemPelviccavityinthefemaleandmale生殖系統(tǒng)ReproductiveSystemMaleReproductiveDuctsFemaleReproductiveSystem腹膜

peritoneum壁腹膜parietalperitoneum臟腹膜visceralperitoneum腹膜腔peritonealcavity腹膜的功能概述腹膜與腹盆腔臟器的關(guān)系腹膜內(nèi)位器官腹膜間位器官腹膜外位器官網(wǎng)膜omentum小網(wǎng)膜

lesseromentum大網(wǎng)膜

greateromentum網(wǎng)膜囊網(wǎng)膜孔

omentalforamenomentalbursa腹膜形成的結(jié)構(gòu)系膜腸系膜

mesentery闌尾系膜

mesoappendix橫結(jié)腸系膜

transversemesocolon乙狀結(jié)腸系膜

sigmoidmesocolon

韌帶ligament肝的韌帶胃的韌帶脾的韌帶內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)EndocrineSystemENDHemorrhoids:(A),internal;(B),external;(C),mixed;(D),throm