2012年廣州中考重點考點概括之勘阻及廣創(chuàng)作必考內(nèi)容之一：主動語態(tài)觀察形式：單項、完型、達成句子題型出現(xiàn)，特別是達成句子題型。觀察難度：觀察的動詞都是比較簡單、拼寫不高出5個字母的單詞，過去分詞一般都是直接+ed，出題不難，要求掌握主動語態(tài)的判斷、主動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)和動詞過去分詞的正確拼寫。重點概括：①構(gòu)造：be+過去分詞+(by+動作履行者)②掌握幾種形式：一般此刻時的主動語態(tài)：一般過去時的主動語態(tài)：此刻達成時的主動語態(tài)：一般未來時的主動語態(tài)：含有神態(tài)動詞的主動語態(tài)：③感官動詞或使役動詞使用省略to的動詞不定式，主動語態(tài)中不帶to，但變?yōu)橹鲃诱Z態(tài)時，須加上to。例：makesomebodydosomething→_____________________________________________④主動語態(tài)常考的固定搭配：bemadeofbemadefrombemadeinbeusedfor=beusedtodo注意：beusedtodoingusedtodosth.--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！1⑤無主動語態(tài)的不及物動詞?？嫉挠校篽appen,takeplace,begin,start,end,belongto,cometrue.必考內(nèi)容之二：賓語從句觀察形式：單項、達成句子觀察難度：觀察較全面，考生一定對指引詞、時態(tài)和語序這三個重點重點概括：①陳說語序：_____________________________②時態(tài)：主句用一般此刻時，從句可用隨意時態(tài)?？筛爬椤爸鳜F(xiàn)從不限”主句用過去時，從句用過去某個時態(tài)?？筛爬椤爸鬟^從四過”主句用過去時，從句是客觀真諦時，只用一般此刻時。神態(tài)動詞could/would用于，“懇求”，示意委宛、客氣的語氣時，從句不受主句的拘束。③賓語從句的簡化：_____________________________劃分：whattodo&howtodo+賓語:________________________________________________________________________________________________④whether&if的差別：____________________________________________e.g.:Theyhaven’tdecidedwheretobuildthenewhospital.(改為同一意思的復(fù)合句)__________________________________________________________________--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！2___Couldyoutellmehowtokeepintouchwithyou?______________________________________________________________________Wehopethatweshallseeyouagain.______________________________________________________________________必考內(nèi)容之三：狀語從句觀察形式：單項、完型、達成句子，重點觀察條件狀語從句、目的狀語從句、時間狀語從句，時間狀語從句常常聯(lián)合過去進行時觀察。在完型填空出現(xiàn)一般都是選擇正確的指引詞。觀察難度：觀察許多的是指引詞方面的，關(guān)于時態(tài)方面的觀察較少?？忌鷱?fù)習(xí)時除了要掌握狀語從句各個連詞的意義，同時也需要掌握“主將從現(xiàn)”的時態(tài)要求。重點概括：①時間狀語從句：when&while的運用注：while有“但是”的意思，示意轉(zhuǎn)折②assoonas_____________________________________③notuntil____________________________________④if&unless____________________________________觀察內(nèi)容之四：定語從句觀察形式：單項、完型觀察難度：主要觀察指引詞的選擇——關(guān)系代詞that、which、who以及關(guān)系副詞where、when重點概括：--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！3①that：______________________________________________________②which：_____________________________________________________②who：_______________________________________________________③where：_______________________________________________________④when：_______________________________________________________⑤why：________________________________________________________記憶訣竅：從句是完好的句子則用when/where,不完好時則用which/that.選項同時出現(xiàn)which&that，則必定不選which/that。請記著?？嫉膸讉€及物動詞：visit,spend,forget,remember它們后邊需接賓語，故用which/that，或省略指引詞。Itoldhim________hewaswrong.Theperson_______brokethewindowmustpayforit.Thisisthebook________theteachermentionedyesterday.Hehasforgottentheday________hearrived.Hestillremembersthedays_________hespentwithyourfamily.Nextmonth,______you’llspendyoursummerholidaysinyourhometown,isapproaching.Hedidn’ttellmetheplace_________hewasborn.Thisistheplace________Ihaveevervisited.Helivedinasmallvillage,________wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.Thatisthereason_______Idon’twanttogo.Istillremembertheday________IfirstmetTomThisisthehouse________Iwanttobuy.--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！4Thisisthehouse_________welivedlastyear.Istillrememberthepark_________wefirstmet.必考內(nèi)容之五：嘆息句觀察形式：單項、達成句子觀察難度：觀察較簡單，基本屬于送分題?？忌氄莆説ow和what指引的嘆息句的基本句型，并且熟習(xí)一些常常使用形容詞和副詞的拼寫。重點概括：①What+a/an+adj.+單數(shù)名詞（+主語+謂語）！②What+adj.+復(fù)數(shù)名詞（+主語+謂語）?、踂hat+adj.+不可數(shù)名詞（+主語+謂語）！?？嫉膸讉€不可數(shù)名詞：food,news,weather,fun,music,work,information,advice,suggestion注意：what指引的嘆息句，主語+謂語能夠省略④How+adj.+a/an+單數(shù)名詞（+主語+謂語）?、軭ow+adj./adv.+主語+謂語！⑥How+句子！必考內(nèi)容之六：反意疑問句觀察形式：單項選擇觀察難度：較簡單，考生只需掌握該語法點的原則，一般都能做對。重點概括：①原則：?？嫉姆裾J詞：never,few,little,hardly,no,seldom,nobody,nothing,none②?？季湫停汉衕ave/has/had時若出此刻達成時態(tài)中，則用__________________發(fā)問--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！5Shehasdonehishomework,________________?不然，找助動詞do/does/did輔助Theyhadtoleaveearlytocatchthetrain,____________?Hehasfewfriendsinthenewschool,____________?hadbetter用hadWe’dbetterstayathometoday,____________?Therebe,______there?Let's...,____________?Letus,_______________?祈使句,________________?③反義疑問句的回答：若動作發(fā)生，則用___________________。若動作未發(fā)生，則用___________________。e.g.:Youdon’thavemoney,__________?注意前面能否認句回答時與中文意思的差別：假如說你身上確實沒有錢,怎么回答：___________________.(中文翻譯意思是：____________)假如說你身上有錢,怎么回答：___________________.(中文翻譯意思是：____________)必考內(nèi)容之七：動詞觀察形式：時態(tài)、神態(tài)動詞、動詞短語、分詞作形容詞、非謂語動詞觀察難度：動詞是詞法的核心，觀察范圍較大，難度較大一、時態(tài)重點概括考點一：主將從現(xiàn)（在狀語從句中已經(jīng)提到）考點二：此刻達成時--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！6時間標志：for+時間段、since+時間點/一般過去時的句子、already、yet、ever、never“Howlong...？”、含有“time”示意次數(shù)的句子中重點概括：havebeento+地址_____________________________劃分havegoneto+地址_____________________________havebeenin+地址+for+時間段___________________________瞬時動詞與持續(xù)性動詞間的變換：die–bedeadbuy–haveborrow–keepleave/go–beaway(from)makefriends–befriendsbegin/start–beonarrive/getto/reach/come–bein/beat/stayjoin(theParty)–bea(Party)member/bein(theParty)句型：Itis+時間+since+一般過去時的句子Itisthreeyearssincehejoinedtheparty.考點三：過去進行時（在時間狀語從句中觀察）考點四：一般此刻時（客觀真諦）、一般過去時（在賓語從句中觀察）二、神態(tài)動詞概括神態(tài)動詞有：must,haveto,hadbetter,can,could,beableto,may,might,need,will,would,shall,should+動詞原形考點一：mustcan示意推斷的運用_______________________________________________________________--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！7考點二：mustn’t的運用,意思是_________________________考點三：神態(tài)動詞一般疑問句的回答_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________三、非謂語動詞概括只觀察動詞不定式、動名詞作賓語to+do（否認式——not+to+do）1、只好接to+do的動詞有：decide,agree,hope,want,refuse,plan,need,wish+todo2、有些動詞加todo作賓語補足語，稀有的有：ask,tell,want,teach+sb.+todo+sth.3、加to+do的重點句型有：①Ittakessb.sometime/moneytodosth.做某事花銷某人多少時間/金錢②Itis+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.做某事如何③Wouldyouliketo?4、后接省略to的動詞不定式的動詞有：一感（feel）二聽（hear,listento）三讓（have,make,let）四看（watch,see,lookat,notice）半個幫忙（help能夠帶to，也能夠省--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！8略）改為主動語態(tài)時，to要復(fù)原比如：Thislittleboyismadetocleanhisbedroomeveryweek.5、省略to的狀況有：①神態(tài)動詞后whynot/whydon’tyou③wouldratherthandoing（否認式——notdoing）1、加doing做非謂語的動詞?？嫉挠校篹njoy，finish，mind，suggest，miss，admit,deny,keep,imagine，practice+doingsth.2、加doing的狀況有：1）介詞后+doing（2）feellike+doing（喜愛做某事）/preferdoingsth.todoingsth.(更喜愛)（3）to作介詞時的幾個常常使用短語：lookforwardto/beusedto/payattentionto+doing3.既可加todo也能夠加doing，并意思鄰近的動詞有：begin，start,like,love,hate既可加todo也能夠加doing，但意思分歧的動詞有：forgettodo忘掉去做某事（事情還沒有做）forgetdoing忘掉做過某事（事情已經(jīng)做了，可是忘了）remembertodo記得去做某事（事情還沒有做）--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！9rememberdoing記得做過某事(事情已經(jīng)做了)regrettodo（對將要做的事）遺憾regretdoing(對已經(jīng)做過的事)遺憾stoptodo停下往來做某事（去做此外一件事情）stopdoing停止做某事（停止正在做的事情）概括記憶：stop...from+doing=prevent...fromdoingtrytodo全力去做某事（劃分：managetodo想法做某事）trydoing測試考試去做某事keep/goontodo持續(xù)去做某事（停止本來做的事情而持續(xù)另一件事情）keep/goondoing持續(xù)做同一件事情meantodo=plantodo打算/計劃去做某事meandoing意味著做某事重點劃分以下搭配：感官動詞：see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel+do示意動作的完好性，真切性；+doing示意動作的連續(xù)性，進行性dosth.看到/看著某人做某事（全過程）see/watchsb.doingsth.看到/看著某人正在做某事（某一片段）dosth.聽到/注意到某人做某事（全過程）hear/noticesb.doingsth.聽到/注意到某人正在做某事（某一片段）Isawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看見他在花園里干活了。(重申"我看見了"這個事實)Isawhimworkinginthegardenyesterday.昨天我看見他正在花園里干活。(重申"我見他正干活"這個動作)whenipassedbyherhouselastnight,isawher___________--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！10pictures.(draw/drawing)四、動詞短語最近幾年廣州中考高頻動詞短語概括動詞和動詞短語在廣州市中考里面主假如觀察同義詞和近義詞在乎義上或用法上的差別，是歷年中考必考的內(nèi)容。1.speak________________________say_________________________talk__________________________tell_____________________2.bring_____________take_______________carry__________3.borrow______________lend_____________keep_________________return=giveback__________4.lookafter=____________________________lookat____________lookfor______________lookout_______________lookup____________lookdownupon_____________lookover_____________lookaround_______________lookforwardto(doing)sth.______5.listento___________sound__________hear_________hearof=hearabout___________hearfrom_________________6.puton_______wear=bein_________dressin___________dresssb/oneself____________dressup__________tryon_____spend___________________pay_______________cost_________________take_____________collect_____________afford______________find__________findout_________lookfor____________getto___________reach___________arriveat/in________注意：home、here、there后邊不克不及加介詞10.takepartin=joinin___________join_____________attend__________hold________________--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！1111.turnon________turnoff________turnup________turndown_______與take相關(guān)的短語takeaway_________takepartin__________takecareof____________takechargeof_________takeone’splace_________takeplace_________takesth.tosb.___________takesb.to+地址__________________takeoff________________與put相關(guān)的短語puton___________putoff_________putout___________putaway___________putup_______________與fall相關(guān)的短語fallasleep__________fallbehind____________反義詞_____________fallinlovewithsb.____________fallill_____________fallintobadhabit______________geton________________getoff_________________getto_______________________geton(well)with_______________________五、分詞作形容詞觀察形式：完型填空觀察難度：一般，只需會判斷是該考點，就能做對。重點概括：exciting&excitedinteresting&interestedsurprising&surprisedboring&bored?？純?nèi)容之八：SodoI.(我也同樣)&SoIdo.（確實這樣）巧記：確實這樣，正常語序。Sheworkssohard,________________herbrother.Shedidn’tworksohard,______________herbrother.Sheworkssohard,_______________.(確實這樣)--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！12?？純?nèi)容之九：代詞①another/other/theother/others/theothersanother“眾多中的另一個”；theother“兩其中的此外一個”。對應(yīng)的搭配為“oneanother/onetheother一個另一個”。other“其余的”，后邊+________；theother“其余的”，theother有范圍，后邊+________。(作定語)others“其余的人/事物”；theothers“其余的人/事物”，有范圍。（賓語、主語）總結(jié)：_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________用another/other/theother/others/theothers填空Ihavetwofriends.OneisTom,_________isMary.Icankeepthebookforamonth,butI’mnotallowedtolenditto_________.Ican’tworkoutthefifthquestion,butIhavedoneall____________.Lucy,wouldyoushowme_________photo.Weshouldsavemoneytohelp__________poorchildren.②afew/few/alittle/littleafew/few+可數(shù)名詞；alittle/little+不可數(shù)名詞。few和little擁有否認意義，示意“量少、幾乎沒有”；afew和alittle擁有必定意--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！13義，示意量“雖少，一些，一點點”。用afew/few/alittle/little填空Thestudenthadneverlearnthistorybefore,so_________studentscouldpassthehistoryexam.Themathsproblemwasdifficultbut__________studentscouldstillworkitout.Thereis__________waterleftinthebottle.Canyougoandgetsomeforme?Istillhave_________time.Icanhelpyou.③somethinganythingeverythingnothing+形容詞后置_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________④反身代詞的搭配byoneself靠某人自己helpyourselfto請隨便吃點loseoneself迷路enjoyoneself玩得高興teachoneself自學(xué)=learnsth.byoneself?？純?nèi)容之十：數(shù)詞觀察形式：單項、單詞拼寫觀察難度：一般①?？疾灰?guī)則序數(shù)詞：first,second,third,fourth,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth,twentieth.(碰到整十的把y改為ie+th)②hundred,thousand,million,billion與of連用，加s，示意概數(shù)。--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！14前面有詳細數(shù)字時，不加s，不加of③“數(shù)詞+名詞（+形容詞）”的構(gòu)造，中間的名詞不加s。比如：10-minutewalk=__________________④分數(shù)的表達：_____________________________________________________________⑤“在多少歲”的表達：__________________________________________________⑥“a+序數(shù)詞”示意：_____________________________________________________anumberof_____________________________________________________________________________thenumberof_____________________________________________________________________________?？純?nèi)容之十一：連詞觀察形式：單項、完型觀察難度：一般重點概括：and______________or_________________so_______________but____________however_______________while_____________②both...and...__________________________________________eitherof_________________________either...or...--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！15________________________________neitherof______________________neither...nor..._________________________________notonly...butalso...__________________________________________so+___________________that...&such+_________________意思是___________________________與many,much,few,little連用時，只好用_______though&although________________________________________________________________________________形容詞考點概括1.形容詞在修飾someone,somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything,nobody,nothing等不定代詞時，要置于后來。如：somethingimportant（一些重要的事）2.adj.作表語①只好做表語的形容詞大部分以元音字母開頭。如：afraid（懼怕的），alike（同樣的），alive（活著的），alone（獨自的），asleep（睡著的），awake（醒著的），ill（有病的）Heisanillman.（錯）Themanisill.（對）②連系動詞+adj.作表語連系動詞有：be動詞；“更改”系動詞：get,go,become,turn,fall;--指導(dǎo)的目的就是不再指導(dǎo)！16感官動詞:feel,look,smell,taste,sound;“堅持”系動詞stay,keep,remain3．貌似副詞的adj.--friendly(友善的);lonely（孤獨的）;lovely（可愛的）;likely（可能的）4．a(chǎn)dj.擺列次序——冠→代→數(shù)→形→大，新→色→國→材→名（注：冠——冠詞，代——代詞，數(shù)——數(shù)詞，形——形狀，大——大小，新——新舊，色——顏色，國——國家、地域，材——資料、用途，名——被修飾的名詞）一、二者相等時，用原級比較：1、A+be（am/is/are）+as+adj./adv.原級+as+B.(A與B同樣)否認式：A+be（am/is/are）+not+as（so）+adj./adv.原級+as+B.2、A+be+倍數(shù)詞+