基于收縮視角的資源型城市經(jīng)濟(jì)-人口時(shí)空變動特征研究基于收縮視角的資源型城市經(jīng)濟(jì)-人口時(shí)空變動特征研究

摘要：本文以收縮視角為基礎(chǔ)，選取具有代表性的中國資源型城市為研究對象，采用統(tǒng)計(jì)分析和文獻(xiàn)綜述等方法，對資源型城市經(jīng)濟(jì)與人口時(shí)空變動特征進(jìn)行了深入研究。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：一方面，由于資源結(jié)構(gòu)的單一化、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的僵化和環(huán)境污染的不斷加劇等原因，資源型城市經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展遇到諸多困境；另一方面，人口分布和人口結(jié)構(gòu)也發(fā)生了較大變化，其中老齡化和外來人口增多成為重要特征。為推進(jìn)資源型城市轉(zhuǎn)型升級，應(yīng)加強(qiáng)創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動和生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，建立從資源導(dǎo)向向市場導(dǎo)向的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策體系，并注重人才引進(jìn)及相關(guān)社會保障政策，以適應(yīng)城市經(jīng)濟(jì)與人口時(shí)空變動現(xiàn)實(shí)。

關(guān)鍵詞：收縮視角；資源型城市；經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)空變動；人口時(shí)空變動；轉(zhuǎn)型升級

Abstract:Basedontheperspectiveofshrinkage,thispaperselectsrepresentativeresource-basedcitiesinChinaasresearchobjects,andadoptsstatisticalanalysisandliteraturereviewtostudytheeconomicanddemographiccharacteristicsofresource-basedcityfromthespatialandtemporaldimensions.Thestudyfindsthatononehand,duetothenarrownessofresourcestructure,theinflexibilityofindustrialstructure,andtheworseningofenvironmentalpollution,thedevelopmentofresource-basedcityeconomyfacesmanyproblems;ontheotherhand,thedistributionandstructureofpopulationhavealsoundergonesignificantchanges,amongwhichagingandanincreaseinforeignpopulationareimportantcharacteristics.Inordertopromotethetransformationandupgradingofresource-basedcities,itisnecessarytostrengtheninnovation-drivenandecologicalcivilizationconstruction,establishanindustrialpolicysystemfromresource-orientedtomarket-oriented,andpayattentiontotalentintroductionandrelatedsocialsecuritypoliciestoadapttotherealityofeconomicanddemographicspatialandtemporalchanges.

Keywords:shrinkageperspective;resource-basedcities;economicspatialandtemporalchanges;demographicspatialandtemporalchanges;transformationandupgradin。Asresource-basedcitiesfacepopulationdeclineandeconomicshrinkage,itisimperativetofocusontransformationandupgrading.Thisrequiresstrengtheninginnovation-drivenandecologicalcivilizationconstruction,aswellasestablishinganindustrialpolicysystemthatismarket-oriented.

Moreover,attentionmustbegiventotalentintroductionandrelatedsocialsecuritypoliciestoadapttotherealityofeconomicanddemographicspatialandtemporalchanges.Theshrinkingperspectiveofthesecitiesshouldbetakenintoconsiderationtoplanfortheirfuturedevelopment.

Toachievethistransformationandupgrading,itisnecessarytoencouragethedevelopmentofhigh-techindustriesandpromoteinnovationintraditionalindustries.Thisrequiresinvestmentinresearchanddevelopment,aswellastheimplementationofpoliciesthatencouragethedevelopmentofnewbusinesses.

Inaddition,environmentalprotectionandresourceconservationshouldbeapriority.Thiscanbeachievedbyadoptingcleanproductionmethodsandpromotingtheuseofrenewableenergysources.

Finally,acomprehensivesystemofsocialsecuritypoliciesmustbeestablishedtoprotecttherightsandinterestsofthepopulationduringthetransformationandupgradingprocess.Thisincludesprovidingsupportandincentivesforbusinessestotrainandretainlocaltalent,aswellasensuringaccesstobasicsocialservicessuchashealthcareandeducation.

Inconclusion,thetransformationandupgradingofresource-basedcitiesrequireamulti-facetedapproachthataddresseseconomic,environmental,andsocialissues.Byadoptingamarket-orientedindustrialpolicy,promotinginnovation,protectingtheenvironment,andprovidingsocialsecurity,thesecitiescantransitiontoamoresustainableandprosperousfuture。Moreover,oneimportantaspectinthetransformationandupgradingofresource-basedcitiesistofosteradiversifiedeconomy.Whiletraditionalindustriessuchasminingandforestryremainimportant,citiesmustlooktodevelopnewsectorssuchastechnology,services,andtourism.Thiscaninvolveencouragingentrepreneurshipandinnovationthroughprovidingsubsidies,taxbreaks,andotherincentivestoattractstart-upsandsmallbusinesses.

Inaddition,infrastructuredevelopmentalsoplaysavitalroleinthetransformationofresource-basedcities.Improvementsintransportation,energy,andcommunicationfacilitieswillattractinvestors,increaseeconomiccompetitiveness,andbetterconnectthesecitiestoglobalmarkets.Sustainableurbanplanninganddevelopmentshouldalsoenhancelivabilityandattractaskilledworkforce,therebypromotinglong-termeconomicandsocialprosperity.

Furthermore,thetransformationandupgradingofresource-basedcitiesdemandtheneedforstricterenvironmentalregulationsandpolicies.Thisincludesimposingstringentregulationstolimitpollution,minimizingenvironmentalimpactsthroughresponsibleresourceextraction,andimplementingmeasurestocombatclimatechange.Inaddition,citiescanencouragetheuseofcleanenergyalternativessuchassolar,wind,andhydropower,aswellaspromotewastereductionandrecyclingprograms.

Finally,socialissuesmustnotbedisregarded.Thewell-beingofcitizensshouldbeatthecoreofanytransformationalefforts.Citiesshouldinvestinsocialprogramsthatsupportcommunitydevelopment,povertyalleviation,andsocialequality.Educationandhealthcareservicesshouldbeaccessibletoallcitizens,andeffortsshouldbemadetoretainlocaltalentsandattractdiverseandskilledworkforce.Thiscanbeachievedbyprovidingafavorablelivingenvironment,buildingbetterhousingfacilities,andstrengtheningpublicservices.

Inconclusion,thetransformationandupgradingofresource-basedcitiesrequireacomprehensiveandintegratedapproachthatbalanceseconomic,environmental,andsocialconsiderations.Byfosteringadiversifiedeconomy,improvinginfrastructure,implementingstringentenvironmentalpolicies,andsupportingsocialprograms,resource-basedcitiescanachievesustainableandprosperousfutures。Moreover,thetransformationandupgradingofresource-basedcitiesalsorequireactiveinvolvementandparticipationfromlocalauthorities,businesses,andcommunities.Collaborationandpartnershipwithstakeholdersareessentialinidentifyingissues,settinggoals,andimplementingstrategiesforsustainabledevelopment.

Inaddition,theprocessoftransformationandupgradingshouldalsotakeintoaccountthelocalcontextanduniquecharacteristicsofeachcity.Thismeansthatthestrategiesandsolutionsshouldbetailoredtothespecificneedsandchallengesofeachresource-basedcity.

Finally,thesuccessofthetransformationandupgradingofresource-basedcitiesalsoreliesonthecontinuousmonitoringandevaluationofprogress.Regularassessmentsandfeedbackmechanismscanhelpidentifyareasforimprovement,measuretheeffectivenessofinterventions,andsupportadaptivemanagement.

Inconclusion,thetransformationandupgradingofresource-basedcitiesisacomplexandchallengingtask,butitisessentialforensuringthatthesecitiescanthriveandprosperinthelongterm.Byadoptingacomprehensiveandintegratedapproachthatbalanceseconomic,environmental,andsocialconsiderations,andbyactivelyinvolvingstakeholdersandmonitoringprogress,resource-basedcitiescanachievesustainableandresilientfutures。Toachievesustainableandresilientfuturesforresource-basedcities,itiscrucialtoconsidertheuniquechallengesandopportunitiesthatthesecitiesface.Oneofthekeychallengesisthedependenceonnaturalresourcesastheprimarydriverofeconomicgrowth,whichcanbethreatenedbyfluctuationsincommodityprices,environmentalpressures,andchangingindustrytrends.Toaddressthischallenge,resource-basedcitiesmustdiversifytheireconomiesandexplorenewsourcesofgrowth,suchasinnovation,entrepreneurship,andknowledge-basedindustries.

Anotherchallengeisthelegacyofenvironmentaldegradationandsocialinequalitythatoftenaccompaniesresourceextractionandprocessing.Resource-basedcitiesmustprioritizeenvironmentalprotection,remediation,andrestoration,whilealsoaddressingthesocialandeconomicimpactsonlocalcommunities.Thisrequiresacomprehensiveandintegratedapproachthatbringstogetherstakeholdersfromgovernment,industry,civilsociety,andacademiatodevelopandimplementsustainabledevelopmentplans.

Atthesametime,resource-basedcitiesalsohaveuniqueopportunitiestoleveragetheirnaturalresourceendowmentstopromotesustainabledevelopment.Forexample,renewableenergyresourcessuchaswind,solar,andhydropowercanbeharnessedtopowerlocalindustriesandcommunities,reducegreenhousegasemissions,andgenerateeconomicbenefits.Inaddition,ecosystemservicessuchasbiodiversityconservation,watermanagement,andcarbonsequestrationcanbeintegratedintolanduseplanninganddevelopment,creatingnewopportunitiesforsustainableeconomicgrowth.

Toseizetheseopportunitiesandovercomethechallenges,resource-basedcitiesmustadoptanadaptiveandlearning-orientedapproachtosustainabledevelopment.Thisinvolves:

-Buildingstrongpartnershipsandcollaborationsbetweendifferentstakeholders,includingindustry,government,civilsociety,andacademia,toensurethatallvoicesandperspectivesareheardandincorporatedintodecision-making.

-Emphasizingtransparency,accountability,andpublicparticipationtobuildtrustandlegitimacyinsustainabledevelopmentinitiatives.

-Continuouslymonitoringandevaluatingprogresstowardsustainabledevelopmentgoals,andadjustingstrategiesandactionsasneededbasedonfeedbackandlearning.

-Investinginresearch,innovation,andknowledge-sharingtostayonthecuttingedgeofsustainabledevelopmentpracticesandtechnologies.

-Promotingeducationandcapacity-buildingtoempowerallstakeholderstoparticipateinsustainabledevelopmentinitiativesandbuildacultureofsustainability.

Overall,thetransformationandupgradingofresource-basedcitiesisacomplexandchallengingtask,butitisalsoanessentialoneforensuringthatthesecitiescanthriveandprosperinthelongterm.Byembracingacomprehensiveandintegratedapproachtosustainabledevelopment,andbyactivelyinvolvingstakeholdersandmonitoringprogress,resource-basedcitiescanachievesustainableandresilientfuturesthatbenefitboththelocalcommunitiesandtheglobalenvironment。Whiletransformationandupgradingofresource-basedcitiesisvitalfortheirfuturegrowth,itcanalsocauseshort-termpaintothelocalcommunities.Thisisespeciallytrueincaseswhereresourceextractionisthemainsourceofincomeforthearea.Insuchcases,thetransitioningprocesscanleadtojoblossesandeconomicuncertainty.

Therefore,itiscriticaltoconsiderthesocialimpactsofthetransformationprocess,andtoengagewithlocalcommunitiesandstakeholdersthroughouttheprocess.Thiscanhelpaddressconcernsandensurethatthetransformationisassmoothandbeneficialaspossible.

Furthermore,resource-basedcitiesoftenfaceenvironmentalchallenges,suchaspollutionandthedepletionofnaturalresources.Assuch,sustainabledevelopmentpracticesshouldbeincorporatedintothetransformationplan.Thisincludespreservingandrestoringnaturalhabitats,implementingsustainablelandusepractices,andreducingcarbonemissions.

Toensurethesuccessofthetransformationandupgradingprocess,itisimportanttomeasureprogressandevaluateoutcomesregularly.Thisallowsforadjustmentstobemadealongthewayandhelpstomaintainfocusontheendgoal.Collaborationandpartnershipswithotherstakeholders,includingbusinesses,governments,andcivilsocietyorganizations,canalsoprovidevaluableresourcesandsupportforachievingthedesiredoutcomes.

Insummary,transformingandupgradingresource-basedcitiesrequiresacomprehensiveandintegratedapproachthatconsiderseconomic,social,andenvironmentalfactors.Engagingwithlocalcommunities,incorporatingsustainablepractices,andmeasuringprogressarekeytoensuringthelong-termsuccessofthesecities.Bydoingso,resource-basedcitiescannotonlyadapttochangingeconomicandenvironmentalconditionsbutalsothriveandcontinuetocontributetotheircommunitiesandtheglobaleconomy。Inadditiontothefactorsdiscussedabove,thereareseveralotherelementsthatcancontributetothesuccessofresource-basedcities.Onesuchelementisinnovation.Innovationcandriveeconomicgrowth,productivity,andcompetitiveness,anditcanleadtonewindustriesandnewjobopportunities.Therefore,resource-basedcitiesmustpromoteacultureofinnovationthroughmeasuressuchasinvestmentinresearchanddevelopment,collaborationwithuniversitiesandresearchinstitutes,andsupportforstart-upsandentrepreneurs.

Anotherimportantelementisinfrastructure.Resource-basedindustriesrequirereliableandefficientinfrastructure,includingtransportation,power,water,andtelecommunications.Therefore,resource-basedcitiesshouldinvestininfrastructuretoensurethatitisadequatetosupporttheneedsoftheseindustries.Infrastructuredevelopmentcanalsostimulateeconomicgrowth,createjobs,andimprovethequalityoflifeforresidents.

Inaddition,resource-basedcitiesmustaddresssocialandenvironmentalchallengessuchasinequality,socialexclusion,airandwaterpollution,andclimatechange.Thesechallengescannegativelyimpactthehealthandwellbeingofresidents,aswellasthelong-termsustainabilityofthecity.Therefore,itisimportantforresour