2012年全國普通高等學校招生統(tǒng)一考試（江蘇卷）英語試題第二部分:英語知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)第一節(jié):單項填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)請認真閱讀下面各題,從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。例:Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_______heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever答案是B。21.—CanIhelpyouwithit?—Iappreciateyour_______,butIcanmanageitmyself.A.adviceB.questionC.offerD.idea22.Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,_______urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what23.Sophiawaitedforareply,but_______came.A.eitherB.anotherC.neitherD.none24.—Don’tworry,Mum.Thedoctorsaiditwasonlytheflu.—_______!I’lltellDadthere’snothingserious.A.WhatareliefB.CongratulationsC.HowsurprisingD.I’msosorry25.Thereislittledoubtinyourmindthatheisinnocent,_______?A.isthereB.isn’tthereC.isheD.isn’the26.—OK,I’vehadenoughofit.Igiveup.—Youcan’t_______yourresponsibilities.A.runoffwithB.runupagainstC.runoutofD.runawayfrom27.Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon_______themeetingwouldbepostponed.A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.how28.Dayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,but_______saywherehewas.A.mustn’tB.shouldn’tC.wouldn’tD.mightn’t29.—ThankGodyou’resafe!—Isteppedback,just_______toavoidtheracingcar.A.intimeB.incaseC.inneedD.invain30.One’slifehasvalue_______onebringsvaluetothelifeofothers.A.sothatB.nomatterhowC.aslongasD.exceptthat31._______animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.A.BasedB.BasingC.BaseD.Tobase32.ThemanagerissaidtohavearrivedbackfromPariswherehe_______someEuropeanbusinesspartners.A.wouldmeetB.ismeetingC.meetsD.hadmet33.—Honey,thecat’sstuckinthetree.CanyouturnofftheTVandgetaladder...?—Oh,itjumpedoff._______.A.NevermindB.AllrightC.NoproblemD.Takecare34.Thepresidenthopesthatthepeoplewillbebetteroffwhenhequitsthanwhenhe_______.A.hasstartedB.startsC.startedD.willstart35.—Happybirthday!—Thankyou!It’sthebestpresentI_______for.A.shouldhavewishedB.musthavewishedC.mayhavewishedD.couldhavewished第二節(jié):完形填空(共20小題;每小題1分,滿分20分)請認真閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Theconceptofsolitude(獨處)inthedigitalworldisalmostnon-existent.Intheworldofdigitaltechnology,e-mail,socialnetworkingandonlinevideogames,informationismeanttobe____36___.Solitudecanbehardtodiscover___37____ithasbeengivenup.Inthisrespect,newtechnologieshave___38____ourculture.Thedesiretobeconnectedhasbroughtsolitudetoa(n)___39____aswe’veknownit.Peoplehavebecomeso___40____intheworldofnetworksandconnectionsthatonecanoftenbecontacted____41___they’drathernotbe.Todaywecantalk,text,e-mail,chatandblog(寫博客),notonlyfromour___42____,butfromourmobilephonesaswell.Mostdevelopednationshavebecome___43____ondigitaltechnologysimplybecausethey’vegrownaccustomedtoit,andatthispointnot___44____itwouldmakethemanoutsider.___45____,manyjobsandcareersrequirepeopletobe___46____.Fromthispointofview,technologyhaschangedthecultureofwork.Beingreachablemightfeellikea___47____tothosewhomaynotwanttobeabletobecontactedatalltimes.Isupposethepositivesideisthatsolitudeisstillpossibleforanyonewho___48____wantsit.Computerscanbeshut___49____andmobilephonescanbeturnedoff.Theabilitytobe“connected”and“on”hasmany___50____,aswellasdisadvantages.Travelershaveendedup___51____onmountains,andmobilephoneshavesavedcountlesslives.Theycanalsomakepeoplefeel___52____andforcedtoanswerunwantedcallsor___53____tounwantedtexts.Attitudestowardsourconnectednessasasociety___54____acrossgenerations.Somefindtoday’stechnologyagift.Othersconsideritacurse.Regardlessofanyone’sviewonthesubject,it’shardtoimaginewhatlifewouldbelike___55____dailyadvancementsintechnology.36.A.updatedB.receivedC.sharedD.collected37.A.thoughB.untilC.onceD.before38.A.respectedB.shapedC.ignoredD.preserved39.A.edgeB.stageC.endD.balance40.A.sensitiveB.intelligentC.considerateD.reachable41.A.evenifB.onlyifC.asifD.ifonly42.A.mediaB.computersC.databasesD.monitors43.A.bentB.hardC.keenD.dependent44.A.findingB.usingC.protectingD.changing45.A.AlsoB.InsteadC.OtherwiseD.Somehow46.A.connectedB.trainedC.recommendedD.interested47.A.pleasureB.benefitC.burdenD.disappointment48.A.slightlyB.hardlyC.merelyD.really49.A.outB.downC.upD.in50.A.aspectsB.weaknessesC.advantagesD.exceptions51.A.hiddenB.lostC.relaxedD.deserted52.A.trappedB.excitedC.confusedD.amused53.A.turnB.submitC.objectD.reply54.A.varyB.ariseC.spreadD.exist55.A.beyondB.withinC.despiteD.without第三部分:閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)請認真閱讀下列短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。canbereleasedatjusttherightspot.Therearelotsofwaystotrigger(引發(fā))thisrelease,includingchangingtemperature,acidity,andsoon.Buttriggerscancomewiththeirownrisks—burns,forexample.Now,researchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:shiningnear-infraredlight(NIR,近紅外線)onthedruginthecapsule.Theideaofusinglighttoliberatethedruginthecapsuleisn’tnew.Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers(聚合物)andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbeitherultraviolet(UV,紫外線)orvisiblelight.ButtissuesalsoreadilyabsorbUVandvisiblelight,whichmeansthedrugreleasecanbetriggeredonlyneartheskin,wherethelightcanreachthecapsule.NIRlightlargelypassesthroughtissues,soresearchershavetriedtouseitasatrigger.Butfewcompounds(化合物)absorbNIRwellandgothroughchemicalchanges.ThatchangedlastyearwhenAdahAlmutairi,achemistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,reportedthatsheandhercolleagueshaddesignedapolymerthatbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.TheirpolymerusedacommerciallyavailableNIR-absorbinggroupcalledo-nitrobenzyl(ONB).Whentheycatchthelight,ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymer,leadingtoitsbreakdown.ButONBisonlyaso-soNIRabsorber,anditcouldbepoisonoustocellswhenitseparatesfromthepolymer.SoAlmutairiandhercolleaguesreportedcreatinganewmaterialforcapsulesthat’sevenbetter.Thisoneconsistsofalongchainofcompoundscalledcresolgroupslinkedinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive(易反應的)componentsthatmakeithighlyunstableinitspolymericform,afeatureAlmutairiandhercolleaguesusetotheiradvantage.Afterpolymerizingthecresols,theycapeachreactivecomponentwithalight-absorbingcompoundcalledBhc.WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlight,thereactivegroupsareexposedandbreakthelongpolymerintotwoshortchains.Shiningadditionallightcontinuesthisbreakdown,potentiallyreleasinganydrugsinthecapsule.What’smore,Almutairisays,Bhcis10timesbetteratabsorbingNIRthanisONBandisnotpoisonoustocells.63.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttrigger?A.Temperaturechange.B.NIRlight.C.Aciditychange.D.UVlight.64.WhyisONBunsatisfactory?A.ItbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.B.Itfallsoffthepolymerandtriggersdrugrelease.C.Ithasnotcomeontothemarketuptillnow.D.Itisnoteffectiveenoughandcouldbepoisonous.65.Whichwordcanbeusedtocompletethefollowingprocessofchanges?A.protectedB.formedC.exposedD.combinedDFranzKafkawrotethat“abookmustbetheax(斧子)forthefrozenseainsideus.”Ioncesharedthissentencewithaclassofseventhgraders,anditdidn’tseemtorequireanyexplanation.We’djustfinishedJohnSteinbeck’snovelOfMiceandMen.Whenwereadtheendtogetheroutloudinclass,mytoughestboy,astarbasketballplayer,weptalittle,andsodidI.“Areyoucrying?”onegirlasked,asshegotoutofherchairtotakeacloserlook.“Iam,”Itoldher,“andthefunnythingisI’vereaditmanytimes.”Buttheyunderstood.WhenGeorgeshootsLennie,thetragedyisthatwerealizeitwasalwaysgoingtohappen.Inmy14yearsofteachinginaNewYorkCitypublicmiddleschool,I’vetaughtkidswithimprisonedparents,abusiveparents,irresponsibleparents;kidswhoareparentsthemselves;kidswhoarehomeless;kidswhogrewupinviolentneighborhoods.Theyunderstand,morethanIeverwill,thenovel’sterriblelogic—thegivingwayofdreamstofate(命運).Forthelastsevenyears,Ihaveworkedasareadingenrichmentteacher,readingclassicworksofliteraturewithsmallgroupsofstudentsfromgradessixtoeight.Ioriginallyproposedthisideatomyheadmasterafterlearningthataformerexcellentstudentofminehadtransferredoutofaselectivehighschool—onethatoftenattractstheliterary-mindedchildrenofManhattan’supperclasses—intoalesscompetitivesetting.Thedaughterofimmigrants,withafatherinprison,sheperhapsfeltuncomfortablewithhernewclassmates.Ithoughtadditional“culturalcapital”couldhelpstudentslikeherdevelopbetterinhighschool,wheretheywouldunavoidablymeet,perhapsforthefirsttime,studentswhocamefromhomeslinedwithbookshelves,whoseparentshadearnedPh.D.’s.AlongwithOfMiceandMen,mygroupsread:Sounder,TheRedPony,LordoftheFlies,RomeoandJulietandMacbeth.Thestudentsdidn’talwaysreadfromtheexpectedpointofview.AboutTheRedPony,onestudentsaid,“it’saboutbeingaman,it’saboutmanliness.”IhadneverbeforeseentheparallelsbetweenScarfaceandMacbeth,norhadIheardLadyMacbeth’ssoliloquies(獨白)readasraps(說唱),butbothmadesense;theinterpretationswereplayful,butserious.OnceintroducedtoSteinbeck’swriting,oneboywentontoreadTheGrapesofWrathandtoldmerepeatedlyhowamazingitwasthat“allthesepeoplehateeachother,andthey’reallwhite.”Hishistoricalviewwasbroadening,hissenseofhisowncountrydeepening.Yearafteryear,formerstudentsvisitedandtoldmehowpreparedtheyhadfeltintheirfirstyearincollegeasaresultoftheclasses.Yearafteryear,however,weareincreasingthenumberofpracticetests.Wearetryingtoteachstudentstoreadincreasinglycomplextexts,notforemotionalpunch(碰撞)butfortextcomplexity.Yet,wecannotenrich(充實)themindsofourstudentsbytestingthemontextsthatignoretheirhearts.Weareteachingthemthatwordsdonotamazebutconfuse.Wemaysucceedinraisingtestscores,butwewillfailtoteachthemthatreadingcanbetransformativeandthatitbelongstothem.66.TheunderlinedwordsinParagraph1probablymeanthatabookhelpsto__________..A.realizeourdreamsB.givesupporttoourlifeC.smoothawaydifficultiesD.awakeouremotions67.WhywerethestudentsabletounderstandthenovelOfMiceandMen?A.Becausetheyspentmuchtimereadingit.B.Becausetheyhadreadthenovelbefore.C.Becausetheycamefromapublicschool.D.Becausetheyhadsimilarlifeexperiences.68.Thegirllefttheselectivehighschoolpossiblybecause__________..A.shewasaliterary-mindedgirlB.herparentswereimmigrantsC.shecouldn’tfitinwithherclassD.herfatherwastheninprison69.Totheauthor’ssurprise,thestudentsreadthenovels__________..A.creativelyB.passivelyC.repeatedlyD.carelessly70.Theauthorwritesthepassagemainlyto__________..A.introduceclassicworksofliteratureB.advocateteachingliteraturetotouchtheheartC.argueforequalityamonghighschoolstudentsD.defendthecurrenttestingsystem第四部分:任務型閱讀(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)請認真閱讀下列短文,并根據(jù)所讀內容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。注意:請將答案寫在答題卡上相應題號的橫線上。每個空格只填一個單詞?！癏appinessAdvantage”EffectInJuly2010Burt’sBees,apersonal-careproductscompany,wasgoingthroughenormouschangeasitbeganaglobalexpansioninto19newcountries.Inthiskindofhigh-pressuresituation,manyleadersbothertheirassistantswithfrequentmeetingsorfloodtheirin-boxeswithurgentdemands.Indoingso,managerslifteveryone’sanxietylevel,whichactivatesthepartofthebrainthatprocessesthreatsandstealsresourcesfromtheprefrontalcortex(大腦皮層),whichisresponsibleforeffectiveproblemsolving.Burt’sBees’sthen-CEO,JohnWolfgang,tookadifferentapproach.Eachday,he’dsendoutane-mailpraisingateammemberforworkrelatedtoglobalmarketing.He’dinterrupthisownpresentationstoremindhismanagerstotalkwiththeirteamsaboutthecompany’svalues.Heaskedmetofurtherathree-hoursessionwithemployeesonhappinessinthecourseoftheexpansioneffort.Asonememberoftheseniorteamtoldmeayearlater,Wolfgang’semphasisondevelopingpositiveleadershipkepthismanagersactivelyinvolvedandloyalastheysuccessfullytransformedthecompanyintoaglobalone.Thatoutcomeshouldn’tsurpriseus.Researchshowsthatwhenpeopleworkwithapositivemind-set(思維模式),performanceonnearlyeverylevel—productivity,creativity,involvement—improves.Yethappinessisperhapsthemostmisunderstooddriverofperformance.Forone,mostpeoplebelievethatsuccesscomesbeforehappiness.“OnceIgetapromotion,I’llbehappy,”theythink.Or,“OnceIhitmysalestarget,I’llfeelgreat.”Butbecausesuccessisamovingtarget—assoonasyouhityourtarget,youraiseitagain—thehappinessthatresultsfromsuccessdoesnotlastlong.Infact,itworkstheotherwayaround:Peoplewhohaveapositivemind-setperformbetterinthefaceofchallenge.Icallthisthe“happinessadvantage”—everybusinessoutcomeshowsimprovementwhenthebrainispositive.I’veobservedthiseffectinmyroleasaresearcherandlecturerin48countriesontheconnectionbetweenemployeehappinessandsuccess.AndI’mnotalone:Inananalysisof225academicstudies,researchersfoundstrongevidenceofcause-and-effectrelationshipbetweenlifesatisfactionandsuccessfulbusinessoutcomes.Anothercommonmisunderstandingisthatourgenetics,ourenvironment,oracombinationofthetwodetermineshowhappyweare.Tobesure,bothfactorshaveanimpact.Butone’sgeneralsenseofwell-beingissurprisinglyunstable.Thehabitsyouform,thewayyouinteractwithcolleagues,howyouthinkaboutstress—allthesecanbemanagedtoincreaseyourhappinessandyourchancesofsuccess.第五部分:書面表達(滿分25分)81.生活中沖突時有發(fā)生。假設你班同學蘇華和李江打籃球時發(fā)生爭執(zhí),導致關系緊張。請你結合此事,并根據(jù)以下提示,用英語寫一篇短文,向學校英文報“HappyTeens冶專欄投稿。簡要描述事情的經(jīng)過打籃球、碰撞、爭執(zhí),等等分析發(fā)生沖突的原因1.遇事不夠冷靜2.……談談避免沖突的做法(請考生根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)歷或感想,提出至少兩種做法)注意:1.對所有要點逐一陳述,適當發(fā)揮,不要簡單翻譯。2.詞數(shù)150左右。開頭已經(jīng)寫好,不計入總詞數(shù)。3.作文中不得提及有關考生個人身份的任何信息,如校名、人名等。Conflictswithothersarecommonineverydaylife.英語試題參考答案第一部分(共20小題,每小題1分,共20分)1.C2.A3.B4.C5.A6.C7.B8.B9.C10.C11.A12.B13.B14.A15.C16.B17.A18.A19.C20.A第二部分(共35小題,每小題1分,共35分)21.C22.B23.D24.A25.A26.D27.B28.C29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D36.C37.C38.B39.C40.D41.A42.B43.D44.B45.A46.A47.C48.D49.B50.C51.B52.A53.D54.A55.D第三部分(共15小題,每小題2分,共30分)56.C57.B58.A59.A60.D61.C62.C63.B64.D65.C66.D67.D68.C69.A70.B第四部分(共10小題,每小題1分,共10分)71.bother/annoy72.anxiety/concern/worry73.considerate/aware/conscious74.loyal/faithful/devoted/committed75.difference76.positively77.success/achievements78.strongly79.determined/decided80.chances/possibilities/opportunities第五部分(滿分25分)81.Conflictswithothersarecommonineverydaylife.Duringthebasketballgameyesterdayafternoon,SuHuaandLiJiangbumpedintoeachother,tryingtocatchtheball.Thentheystartedshoutingandyelling,anditturnedintoahorriblequarrel.Tobehonest,itwasSu爺sfaultbutLiwasalsotoblame—theywerenotcalmenoughandbothsaidsomereallymeanthings.Theycaredtoomuchaboutwinningandlosing.Asamatteroffact,blocking,pushingandbumpingarejustpartofatoughgame.Toavoidsuchconflicts,weshouldbekindtooneanother,whichisessentialtoenjoyingaharmoniouslife.Itisalsoavirtuetoforgiveandforget,especiallyinsuchacompetitiveandstressfulsociety.Insteadofblamingeachother,weshouldcommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’place.Don’tbeself-centeredandtrytobeconsiderate.Wemustlearntohandleconflictscalmlyandwisely.2012年江蘇高考英語卷單項選擇答案解析21.

—Can

I

help

you

with

it

?

—I

appreciate

your

____,

but

I

can

manage

it

myself.

A.

advice

B.

question

C.

offer

D.

idea

答案：C

考點：名詞辨析

解析：句意：“——需要我?guī)兔γ?？——我感激你主動提供幫助，但是我自己可以應付?/p>

A.建議

B.問題

C.（主動）提供（幫助）

D.想法

根據(jù)句意不難判斷答案選C

22.

After

the

flooding

,

people

were

suffering

in

that

area,

_____urgently

needed

clean

water,

medicine

and

shelter

to

survive.

A.

which

B.

who

C.

where

D.

what

答案：B

考點：定語從句

解析：句意：“洪水過后，那個地區(qū)的人們正遭受苦難，他們急需干凈水，藥物及避難所才能幸存下來?！备鶕?jù)四個選項可知，橫線處需要一個詞來引導從句，根據(jù)對橫線前后的句子分析可知，此從句為定語從句，先行詞可能為area

or

people(先行詞一般為名詞或代詞），且從句缺主語，答案在A，B之中選，再根據(jù)橫線后面的部分句意“急需...”可知主語指人，故選who。

23.

Sophia

waited

for

a

reply,

but

_____

came

.

A.

either

B.

another

C.

neither

D.

none

答案：D

考點：代詞

解析：句意：“索菲亞等著答復，但一個答復都沒來?！备鶕?jù)句意首先排除B，另外A，C，都僅限于兩者范圍，而前面“a

reply”是泛指，無明確范圍限制，故選none.

24.

—

Don’t

worry,

Mum.

The

doctor

said

it

was

only

the

flu.

—

_______!

I’ll

tell

Dad

there’s

nothing

serious.

A.

What

a

relief

B.

Congratulations

C.

How

surprising

D.

I’m

so

sorry

答案：A

考點：交際用語

解析：句意：“——不用擔心，媽媽。醫(yī)生說只是流感而已?！嗝戳钊藢捨浚ǖ囊患拢┌?！我要告訴你爸爸你沒什么嚴重的（病）?！盉.祝賀！C.太驚人了！D.我很抱歉！均不符合句意，故選A

25.

There

is

little

doubt

in

your

mind

that

he

is

innocent,____?

A.

is

there

B.

isn’t

there

C.

is

he

D.

isn’t

he

答案：A

考點：反義疑問句

解析：句意：“你腦海里幾乎沒有對他是無辜的疑慮，有么？首先主句中有l(wèi)ittle

這個表示否定意義的詞，故根據(jù)反義疑問句的語法規(guī)則“前肯后否，前否后肯”，可排除B,D選項；再根據(jù)主句是There

be

句型，不難選出答案為A

26.

—OK,

I’ve

had

enough

of

it.

I

give

up

.

—You

can’t

_____your

responsibilities.

A.

run

off

with

B.run

up

against

C.run

out

of

D.run

away

from

答案：D

考點：介詞短語辨析

解析：句意：“—好吧，

我已經(jīng)受夠了。我放棄！—你不可以逃避你的責任！”A.帶著...逃走

B.遇到，遭遇

C.用完，耗盡

D.從...中逃走，逃避根據(jù)短語的中文翻譯，答案為D

27.

The

notice

came

around

two

in

the

afternoon

____the

meeting

would

be

postponed.

A.

when

B.

that

C.

whether

D.

how

答案：B

考點：名詞性從句

解析：句意：“通知是在下午兩點鐘左右下達的：這個會議將會被推遲?！睆木湟獬霭l(fā)，可知橫線后面的句子是對the

notice

這個抽象名詞的解釋說明，且為陳述句語氣，故由that來引導。

28.

Days

later,

my

brother

called

to

say

he

was

all

right,

but

___say

where

he

was.

A.

mustn’t

B.

shouldn’t

C.

wouldn’t

D