海洋生境和非海洋生境中的動(dòng)物門類海洋特有兩者兼有陸上特有海洋特有兩者兼有扁行動(dòng)物海綿動(dòng)物有爪動(dòng)物曳鰓動(dòng)物緩步動(dòng)物櫛水母動(dòng)物腔腸動(dòng)物星蟲動(dòng)物線蟲動(dòng)物中生動(dòng)物內(nèi)肛動(dòng)物縊蟲動(dòng)物線型動(dòng)物顎咽動(dòng)物紐型動(dòng)物須腕動(dòng)物苔蘚動(dòng)物動(dòng)吻動(dòng)物腹毛動(dòng)物棘皮動(dòng)物軟體動(dòng)物鎧甲動(dòng)物輪蟲動(dòng)物毛顎動(dòng)物環(huán)節(jié)動(dòng)物帚蟲動(dòng)物棘頭動(dòng)物半索動(dòng)物節(jié)肢動(dòng)物腕足動(dòng)物內(nèi)肛動(dòng)物脊索動(dòng)物現(xiàn)在是1頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Traditionalprotostome/原口動(dòng)物Deuterostome/后口動(dòng)物Parazoa/側(cè)生動(dòng)物Coelom/體腔Coelomata/體腔動(dòng)物traditionalphylogeny現(xiàn)在是2頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四rRNAphylogeny現(xiàn)在是3頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Spnoges(phylum:Spongia)

海綿動(dòng)物門ComplexaggregationsofspecializedcellsCellindependentandnotformingtruetissuesAmongthestructurallysimplestmulti-cellularanimalsNearlyallspongesaremarineAllaresessile/固著Amazingvarietyofshapes,sizes,andcolors6000speciesmarine現(xiàn)在是4頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Relativelysimplebodyplan/簡(jiǎn)單的身體構(gòu)造Numeroustinypores(ostia/口、門-surface)Filterwater---5timesvolumeofitsbodyperminNetworkofcanals---relativelyflexibleskeletalframework---spongytextureClassifiedasthephylumPoriferaor“porebearers”多孔動(dòng)物

出水孔現(xiàn)在是5頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四CellsSpecializedforfunctionCellularleveloforganizationVeryplastic;species-specific現(xiàn)在是6頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Spongestructure/海綿結(jié)構(gòu)Pinacocyte/胞飲細(xì)胞PorecellsCollarcellsOsculum/出水孔AmebocytesSpongin/海綿絲Spicules/海綿針游走細(xì)胞現(xiàn)在是7頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四FeedingSuspensionfeeders:feedingonparticularorganicmattersuspendedinthewaterFilterfeeders:passive&active現(xiàn)在是8頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Depositfeeders

---Feedingonparticulateorganicmatter(thatsettlesonthebottom)現(xiàn)在是9頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Asexullyreproduction/無性繁殖Asexually:branchesorbudbreakoff現(xiàn)在是10頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Sexullyreproduction/有性繁殖SexuallyGametesNotbygonadsFertilization

InternalSpermenterDevelopment

EarlystageinsideParenchymulalarva(planktonic)中實(shí)幼體現(xiàn)在是11頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四TubularspongefromtheCaribbeanEncrustingspongefromHawaiiCorallinespongeatadepthof52minPuertoRico圓球海綿千姿百態(tài)的海綿世界現(xiàn)在是12頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四BrowntubularspongeinFlorida(red,purple,browntubularsponges)YellowspongebeneathAntarctic現(xiàn)在是13頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四InHongKong現(xiàn)在是14頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四海綿的開發(fā)和應(yīng)用利用淺水生物已制造出能治療濾過性毒菌感染的海綿核苷美國(guó)海港海洋研究所在數(shù)萬種無脊椎動(dòng)物和微生物中尋找有用成分，迄今最大的成功就是從一種深海海綿中提取的化合物，已經(jīng)進(jìn)入治療胰腺癌的臨床試驗(yàn)。還有人在研究用稱為竹珊瑚的深海生物作為人工骨骼朗訊公司的貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室正在研究深海海綿如何在低溫下生長(zhǎng)出強(qiáng)度和導(dǎo)光性都比光纖更好的玻璃骨架現(xiàn)在是15頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Cnidarians/腔腸動(dòng)物EvolutionoftissuesNextlevelafterspongeSimpleswimRespondtoexternalstimuliSpecializednervecellsEngulfprey/吞食性捕食Seaanemones,jellyfishes,coralsetc.現(xiàn)在是16頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四RadialSymmetry/放射對(duì)稱Similarpartsofbody/身體各部位的相似性Nohead,frontorback/無頭、前部、腹部區(qū)分Oralsurface,aboralsurface/有口面，對(duì)口面Centrallylocatedmouthsurroundedbytentacles/口位于中心，觸手長(zhǎng)于四周Gutisablindcavitywithonlyoneopening,mouth現(xiàn)在是17頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Twobasicforms/兩種基本形狀Polyp:sac-likeattachedstage（水螅型）Medusa:bell-likeorjellyfish,adaptedforswimming（水母型）現(xiàn)在是18頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Tentacle/觸手stickyorarmedwithalongtubethatwrapsaroundpartsofprayDischargenematocysttocapturesmallprey現(xiàn)在是19頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Nematocyst/刺絲胞Uniquestingingstructurefoundwithincellsinthetentacle/觸手Consistofafluid-filledcapsulecontainingathread/刺絲thatcanbequicklyejected現(xiàn)在是20頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Typesofcnidarians/

腔腸動(dòng)物種類10,000speciesHydrozoa/水螅綱Scyphoza/水母綱

(Cubozoa/方水母綱)Anthozoa/珊瑚綱現(xiàn)在是21頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Hydrozoans水螅綱WiderangeofformsAttachedcoloniesReproductionmechanicscomplexlifehistoriesPlanula/浮浪游體現(xiàn)在是22頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Lifecycleofhydrozoan

現(xiàn)在是23頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Scyphozoa/水母綱MedusaisdominantstagePolypissmall，releasingjuvenilemedusaRoundbody,bigsize,upto3mLimitedswimability,carriedbycurrentDangerousmarineanimals

現(xiàn)在是24頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Scyphozoans/水母綱現(xiàn)在是25頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四DeepOceanSpecies

現(xiàn)在是26頁\一共有28頁\編輯于星期四Anthozoa/珊瑚綱PolyplackmedusastageGutcontainingseveralth