2021年海南省高考英語總復習：閱讀理解

1.Jointhediscussion

LakeLander-2hoursago

Today,amantalkedveryloudonhisphoneonatrainbetweenMalvemandReading,

makingmanypassengersupset.IwonderhowhewouldreactifIweretoreadmynewspaper

outloudonthetrain,Ihaveneverhadthecouragetodoit,though.

Pak50-57minutesago

Whynotgiveitatry?Perhapsyoushouldtakelessonsonamusicalinstrument.The

latemusicianDennisBrianissaidtohaveaskedafellowtrainpassengertoturnoffhis

radio.Whenhisrequestwasrefused,hetookouthisFrenchhorn(號)andstartedtopractice.

AngieO'Edema-24minutesago

Idon'tseehowmusicalinstrumentscanhelpimprovemannersinpublic.Don'tdoto

otherswhatyouwouldn'tliketobedonetoyourself.Once,apassengernexttometalked

outloudonhismobilephone.Ileftmyseatquietly,givinghimsomeprivacytofinishhis

conversation.Herealizedthisandapologizedtome.Whenhisphonerangagainlater,he

lefthisseattoanswerit.Yousee,abitofrespectandcooperationcandothejobbetter.

Taodas-19minutesago

Ididreadmynewspaperoutloudonatrain,anditturnedoutwell.Theguytookitin

goodpart,andwechattedhappilyallthewaytoEdinbergh.

Sophie76-8minutesago

Ihavenottriedreadingmynewspaperoutloudonatrain,but,severalyearsago,I

readsomechaptersfromHarryPortertomyboredandnoisychildren.Severalpassengers

seemedtoappreciatewhatIdid.

(1)Whooncereadanewspaperoutloudonatrain?C

A.Pak50.

B.AngieO'Edema.

C.Taodas.

D.Sophie76.

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(2)Whatisthediscussionmainlyabout?A

A.Howtoreacttobadbehavior.

B.Howtokilltimeonatrain.

C.Howtochatwithstrangers.

D.Howtomakeaphonecall.

(3)Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A

A.Awebpage.

B.Anewspaper.

C.Anovel.

D.Areport.

【解答】(1)C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段提到Ididreadmynewpaperout

loudonatrain可知Taodas曾在火車大聲讀報紙，故選C項.

(2)A.主旨大意題.本文主要是對別人的不文明行為如何做出反應(yīng)的一個討論，故選

A項.

(3)A.推理判斷題.根據(jù)出現(xiàn)的討論的時間，Lakelander?2hoursago,Pak50*57minutes

ago,AngieCXEdema，42minutesago等，可推知這是網(wǎng)上用戶發(fā)表言論看法的時間，

因此本文來自網(wǎng)絡(luò)，故選A項.

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B.SignatureTacoDayTour.

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【解答】(1)A.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第四段，CheerandscreamasyouzipacrosstheRio

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3.Headsup!Acrossthecountry,sportsinjuriesareasafetyconcernforyoungathletes.Now,

theAmericanMedicalAssociation(AMA)hasanewsetofguidelinesaimedatprotecting

playersfromthedangerofconcussions-seriousinjuriescausedbyablowtothehead.

"Byraisingawarenessoftheseriousrisksassociatedwithconcussionsandensuringthat

theappropriateguidelinesareinplace,wecanreducethenumberofyoungathleteswhomay

returntothegametoosoon,whichcanputtheirhealthatfurtherrisk,"saidAMABoard

MemberJackResneckJrM.D.inastatement.

Thepolicyrecommendsthatyoungathleteswhomayhaveaconcussionbetakenoffthe

fieldassoonaspossible.Then,theyareonlytoreturntotheirsportwithadoctor'swritten

approval.Thepolicyalsosetsage-specificrulesforhealthcareprofessionalsandathletic

organizationsinevaluatingandcaringforconcussions.

AccordingtotheCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC),aconcussionisa

typeoftraumatic(倉4傷)braininjurycausedbyabump,blow,orjolttotheheadorhitto

thebodythatcausestheheadandbraintomoverapidlybackandforth.Thistypeof

movementcancausethebraintobouncearoundortwistinsidetheskull(顱骨).Itcan

damagebraincellsandcreatechemicalchangesinthebrain.

TheCDCsaysthatbetween1.6millionand3.8milliontraumaticbraininjuriescausedby

sportsandrecreation-relatedactivitiesoccurintheU.S.everyyear.Astudyfromthe

CentertorInjuryResearchandPolicyshowedthatasmanyas40%ofhighschoolathletes

returntoplayingbeforetheyshould.TheAMA*snewguidelinesshouldhelptobringthose

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numbersdown.

(1)WhydoestheAMAsetthenewguidelines?B

A.Toraisesafetystandardsofsports.

B.Toprotectathletesfromconcussions.

C.Tosetrulesforhealthcareevaluation.

D.Tohelpplayersreturntothegamequickly.

(2)Whatshouldyoungathleteswhomayhaveaconcussiondo?C

A.Avoidusingthehead.

B.Leavethefieldforever.

C.Gettreatmentintime.

D.Switchtoanothersport.

(3)Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A

A.Whataconcussionis.

B.Whatcausesdamagetobraincells.

C.HowtheCDCworks.

D.Howaconcussioncanbeprevented.

(4)Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?B

A.RulesforSaferPlay

B.SportsInjuriesintheUS

C?AdvicetoAthletes

D.NewPoliciesforDoctors

【解答】1.B.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第一段Now,theAmericanMedicalAssociation(AMA)

hasanewsetofguidelinesaimedatprotectingplayersfromthedangerofconcussions-

seriousinjuriescausedbyablowtothehead.現(xiàn)在，美國醫(yī)學協(xié)會(AMA)制定了一套新

的指導方針，旨在保護運動員免受因頭部撞擊而造成的腦震蕩嚴重傷害的危險.可知，

AMA制定新的指導方針是為了保護運動員免受腦震蕩.故選B.

2.C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段Thepolicyrecommendsthatyoungathleteswhomayhavea

concussionbetakenoffthefieldassoonaspossible.該政策建議，可能有腦震蕩的年輕運

動員應(yīng)盡快被帶出賽場.可知，有腦震蕩的年輕運動員應(yīng)該及時得到治療.故選C.

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3.A.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段AccordingtotheCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention

（CDC）,aconcussionisatypeoftraumatic（倉U傷）braininjurycausedbyabump,blow,

orjolttotheheadorhittothebodythatcausestheheadandbraintomoverapidlybackand

forth.根據(jù)疾病預防控制中心（CDC）的說法，腦震蕩是由頭部撞擊，撞擊或顛簸或撞

擊身體而導致頭部和大腦移動而引起的一種創(chuàng)傷性（受傷）腦損傷迅速來回.可知，第4

段主要講述了腦震蕩是什么.故選A.

4.B.主旨大意題.閱讀全文，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了在全國范圍內(nèi)，運

動傷害是年輕運動員的安全隱患.現(xiàn)在，美國醫(yī)學協(xié)會（AMA）制定了一套新的指導方

針，旨在保護運動員免受因頭部撞擊而造成的腦震蕩嚴重傷害的危險.故選B.

4.Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearchers

saidpuzzleshelpchildrenwithmath-relatedskills.

PsychologistSusanLevine,anexpertonmathematicsdevelopmentinyoungchildrenat

theUniversityofChicago,foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4later

developbetterspatialskills.Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognition

（認知）aftercontrollingfordifferencesinparents*income,educationandtheamountofparent

talk,Levinesaid.

Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeveryday

activitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofage

havebetterspatialskillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.

"Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasks

thatassessedtheirabilitytorotate（旋轉(zhuǎn)）andtranslateshapes,“Levinesaidinastatement.

Theparentswereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenastheynormallywould,andabout

halfofthechildreninthestudyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.Higher-incomeparents

tendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmorefrequently,andbothboysandgirlswhoplayed

withpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzles

thangirls,andtheparentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremoreactiveduring

puzzleplaythantheparentsofgirls.

ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalDevelopmentalScience.

（1）Inwhichaspectdochildrenbenefitfrompuzzleplay?B

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A.Buildingconfidence.

B.Developingspatialskills.

C.Learningself-control.

D.Gaininghigh-techknowledge.

(2)WhatdidLevinetakeintoconsiderationwhendesigningherexperiment?C

A.Parents'age.

B.Children'simagination.

C.Parents'education.

D.Child-parentrelationship.

(3)Howdoboysdifferfromgirlsinpuzzleplay?D

A.Theyplaywithpuzzlesmoreoften.

B.Theytendtotalklessduringthegame.

C.Theyprefertousemorespatiallanguage.

D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.

(4)Whatisthetextmainlyabout?B

A.Amathematicalmethod.

B.Ascientificstudy.

C?Awomanpsychologist.

D.Ateachingprogram.

【解答】(I)B.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段的PsychologistSusanLevine,anexperton

mathematicsdevelopmentinyoungchildrenattheUniversityofChicago,foundchildrenwho

playwithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4laterdevelopbetterspatialskills.芝加哥大學幼兒數(shù)

學發(fā)展專家、心理學家蘇珊?萊文(SusanLevine)發(fā)現(xiàn)，在2歲至4歲之間玩拼圖游戲

的兒童后來會發(fā)展出更好的空間技能.可知，拼圖游戲?qū)和l(fā)展空間技能有益.故選

B.

(2)C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段的Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorof

cognition(認知)aftercontrollingfordifferencesinparents1income,educationandthe

amountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.萊文說，在控制了父母收入、教育程度和家長談話量

的差異后，拼圖游戲被發(fā)現(xiàn)是認知能力的一個顯著預測因子.可知，萊文在設(shè)計她實驗

時考慮到了父母的教育.故選C.

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(3)D.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第五段的However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplex

puzzlesthangirls然而，男孩往往比女孩玩更復雜的拼圖，可知，男孩和女孩的不同在于

他們可能會玩更難的拼圖.故選D.

(4)B.主旨大意題.根據(jù)全文和第三段的Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53

child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywith

puzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhenassessedat54months

ofage.研究人員分析了53對兒童家長在家中日常活動的視頻記錄，發(fā)現(xiàn)在26至46個

月大之間玩拼圖游戲的兒童在54個月大時的空間技能更好.可知，文章是關(guān)于一個關(guān)于

拼圖對孩子益處的科學研究.A.Amathematicalmethod數(shù)學方法；B.Ascientificstudy

科學研究；C.Awomanpsychologist女心理學家；D.Ateachingprogram教學課程.故

選B.

5.Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤獨),more

familiesarechoosingtolivetogether.

Thedoorwaytopeaceandquiet,forNickBrightatleast,leadsstraighttohismother-in

-law：shelivesonthegroundfloor,whilehelivesupstairswithhiswifeandtheirtwo

daughters.

Fouryearsagotheyallmovedintoathree-storeyVictorianhouseinBristol-oneofa

growingnumberofmultigenerationalfamiliesintheUKlivingtogetherunderthesame

roof.Theyshareafrontdoorandawashingmachine,butRitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,

bathroom,bedroomandlivingroomonthegroundfloor.

“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse,"saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacuts

in："WespokemorewithNickbecauseIthinkit'sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother

-in-law.”

AndwhatdoesNickthink?"Frommystandpoint,itallseemstoworkverywell.Would

Irecommendit?Yes,IthinkIwould.0

It'shardtotellexactlyhowmanypeopleagreewithhim,butresearchindicatesthatthe

numbershavebeenrisingforsometime.Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberof

householdswiththreegenerationslivingtogetherhadrisenfrom325,000in2001to419,000

in2013.

Othervarietiesofmultigenerationalfamilyaremorecommon.Somepeoplelivewiththeir

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elderlyparents；manymoreadultchildrenarereturningtothefamilyhome,iftheyeverleft.It

issaidthatabout20%of25-34-year-oldslivewiththeirparents,comparedwith16%in

1991.ThetotalnumberofallmultigenerationalhouseholdsinBritainisthoughttobeabout1.8

million.

Storieslikethataremorecommoninpartsoftheworld,wheremultigenerationallivingis

morefirmlyrooted.InIndia,particularlyoutsidecities,youngwomenareexpectedtomove

inwiththeirhusband'sfamilywhentheygetmarried.

(1)WhomainlyusesthegroundfloorintheVictorianhouseinBristol?B

A.Nick.

B.Rita.

C.Kathryn.

D.Thedaughters.

(2)WhatisNick'sattitudetowardssharingthehousewithhismother-in-law?A

A.Positive.

B.Carefree.

C.Tolerant.

D.Unwilling.

(3)Whatistheauthor'sstatementaboutmultigenerationalfamilybasedon?C

A.Familytraditions.

B.Financialreports.

C.Publishedstatistics.

D.Publicopinions.

(4)Whatisthetextmainlyabout?D

A.Lifestylesindifferentcountries.

B.Conflictsbetweengenerations.

C.AhousingprobleminBritain.

D.ArisingtrendoflivingintheUK.

【解答】(1)B.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段"hismother-inTaw：shelivesontheground

floor婆婆住在——樓"和第三段"RitaWhiteheadhasherownkitchen,bathroom,bedroomand

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livingroomonthegroundfloor.麗塔?懷特黑德在一樓有自己的廚房、浴室、臥室和客廳”，

可知，婆婆麗塔?懷特黑德住在房子的底層，故選B.

(2)A.觀點態(tài)度題.根據(jù)第五段"AndwhatdoesNickthink?"Frommystandpoint,it

allseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes,IthinkIwould.尼克怎么看？

”從我的角度看，這一切似乎都很好.我可以推薦嗎？是的，我想我會的”，可知，尼克

對于婆婆合租的問題持肯定的態(tài)度，A.Positive肯定的；B.Carefree無憂無慮的；

C.Tolerant寬容的；D.Unwilling不情愿的，故選A.

(3)C.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第六段"Officialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswith

threegenerationslivingtogetherhadrisenfrom325,000in2001to419,000in2013.官方

報告顯示，三代同堂的家庭數(shù)量從2001年的32.5萬戶增加到2013年的41.9萬戶”，可

知，作者是根據(jù)官方報告公布的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)進行的多代家庭的陳述，故選C.

(4)D.主旨大意題.本文講述了尼克?布萊特一大家人住在一個三層的房子里，并且研

究發(fā)現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象越來越普遍，根據(jù)第六段"researchindicatesthatthenumbershavebeen

risingforsometime這個數(shù)字一直在上升”，可知，這是在英國生活的一種上升趨勢，故

選D.

6.Afterthecureofpneumonia,WuhanDadrereadtheletterhisdaughterleftatthebedside,

tearsfilledhiseyes.Inthesecondvlogseries,makeavideocalltoafriendinWuhan,

ChinaDailyreporterXiaoPenginterviewedthreeWuhanresidentsbyvideoandphone,

amongwhomthreehavejustbeenreleasedfromisolation.Theirliveshavebeen

transformedbypneumonia(肺炎)causedbythenewcoronavirus(冠狀病毒).

ThefirstintervieweewasTianFuxinfromWuhan.Hewasadmittedtohospitalon

January20anddischargedfromhospitalonJanuary30after10daysofisolationtreatment.

"WhenIwasadmittedtohospital,Iwasveryanxious.ButafterafewdaysIwas

OK.Andifyou'reinfectedbythenovelcoronavirus,thegovernmentcoversyourmedical

expenses.Ourmealsarethesameasthedoctors1andnurses".

°EverytimeIsawthemintheirprotectivegear,IfeltmovedbecauseIknowthatstuff

mustbeawfultowear,withgogglesfoggedupandsoon.Ican*tthankthemenough.Those

patientswhoweredischargedearlylikeusareverygratefultothepeoplewhohelpedus,

becausewithoutthem,it'shardtosayhowwecouldhavesurvived.”

Worriedabouthisdaughter'ssafety,thefamilyhadherbacktotheuniversityin

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Shanghaibeforetheclosure.ShewasquarantinedinShanghaionthefirstdayofthelunar

NewYearandwasrecentlyconfirmedtobewellenoughtoendthequarantine.Thedaughter

leftherfatheraletterinwhichshereadbetweenthelinesherguiltnotbeingableto

accompanyhimandherloveforhim.

"Ican'tlookafteryoueverytimeyouareinhospital.Iwasrightwithyou,though1

didn'trealizehowillyouwere.Nothingcouldbedoneexceptgetaway.u"Dad,Ilove

you.Aftergrowingup,IthinkFveneversaidthat.Youmustholdon.Ican'tlivewithout

you,Dad.u"Don'tbepessimistic.Littlepsychologicaltricksarehelpful.Youhavetotell

yourselfIamfeelingbetter.

BecauseofinfectiousvirusaswellasitsoutbreakTianFuxinfellill,experiencinga

periodoffightingthedisease.However,hereceivedthewordshisdaughterhadnotlong

beenabletospeakout"Dad,Iloveyou.”

(1)Whomdoestheunderlinedword"them'*inthefourthparagraphreferto?B

A.Wuhanresidents

B.medicalstaff

C.thethreeinterviewees

D.thegovernment

(2)WhichofthefollowingisFALSE?B

A.Thedaughtercouldn'tcareforherfatherwhenhewasinhospital.

B.Themealsofthepneumoniapatientsarequitedifferentfromthoseofdoctors.

C.daughterwasalsoisolatedinShanghaionthefirstdayofthelunarNewYear.

D.TianFuxinhasbeencuredandhasrecoveredfrompneumonia.

(3)ThedaughterleftthelettertoC.

A.showlittlepsychologicaltricksarehelpful

B.informhimherbeingquarantinedinShanghai

C.encouragehimtofightdiseaseandshelovedhimalltheway.

D.tosaygoodbyetothefather.

(4)ThearticlecomesfromD.

A.amagazine

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B.afiction

C.abrochure

D.anewspaper

【解答】I.B.詞義猜測題.根據(jù)文章第四段EverytimeIsawthemintheirprotectivegear,

IfeltmovedbecauseIknowthatstuffmustbeawfultowear,withgogglesfoggedupandso

on.每次我看到他們穿著防護服的時候，我都很感動，因為我知道穿著，帶著眼罩的東

西一定很糟糕，等等.可知指的是醫(yī)護人員；故選B.

2.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章第三段Ourmealsarethesameasthedoctors'andnurses我們

的伙食和醫(yī)生護士的一樣.可知肺炎病人的膳食與醫(yī)生的截然不同說法錯誤；故選B.

3.C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章最后一段However,hereceivedthewordshisdaughterhadnot

longbeenabletospeak,out"Dad,Iloveyou.”然而，他卻聽到了他女兒說出“爸爸，我愛

你”的話.可知女兒留信給父親是為了鼓勵他戰(zhàn)勝疾病，她一路愛著他；故選C.

4.D.推理判斷題.作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了新型冠狀病毒流行期間一位女

兒給患病的父親寫的信鼓勵父親戰(zhàn)勝病魔.可知文章最可能來自報紙；故選D.

Teenagesummercamps

Wehelpedonanaturereserve（保護區(qū)）foraweek.Wediddifferentthingseveryday,

includingcuttingthereeds（蘆葦）bythelake.Everyday,wetookturnstocook,inteams

offive.Whenitwasourteam'sturn,wemadeasimpledinnerofpastaandsaladfor

everyone.Judgingbythefactthattherewasnoneleft,wedidn'tdotoobadly!

-Adam

Westayedwithfamilieswhohadkidsofourownage,andbecausetheywereonamid

-termbreak,theycamewithusonallthetrips.Soexceptwhenwewereactuallyina

languageclass,wewerespendingtimewithournewfriends.Itwasagreatwaytopractice

Englishwehadbeenworkingonintheclassroom.

-Oliver

Everymorningwehadthesamebreakfast,andthencleanedupthecamp.Whenitwas

allcompletelytidy,wecouldheadofffortheday.Thefirsttimewewentintothecity,we

wereputintoteamsandgivenlistsofthingstospot,likestatues,squaresandother

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landmarks.Withsomehelpfromthelocals,myteamfoundalmostallofthethingsonour

listandcamesecond.Wewenttodifferentmuseumsandgalleriesinandaroundthecity

everyday.Itwasagreatchancetolearnaboutanothercountryanditshistory.

-Sarah

(1)WhatdoweknowaboutthefoodAdam'steammade?B

A-Itdidn'ttastegood.

B.Itwasverypopular.

C.Itwashealthy.

D.Noonelikedit.

(2)WhatdidOliverfindgreat?D

A.Stayingwiththelocalfamilies.

B.HelpingthekidslearnEnglish.

C.Makingfriendswiththelocals.

D.PractisingEnglishwiththenative.

(3)WhatdidSarah'steamdo?C

A.Theyhelpedprotectwildanimals.

B?Theytookalanguagecourse.

C.Theymadeaculturaltour.

D.Theyenjoyedthenaturalscenery.

【解答】(1)B.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第一段中Whenitwasourteam'sturn,wemadeasimple

dinnerofpastaandsaladforeveryone.Judgingbythefactthattherewasnoneleft,wedidn't

doto。badly!可知輪到我們組的時候，我們?yōu)槊總€人做了一頓簡單的晚餐，包括意大利面

和沙拉.從沒有剩下食物的事實來判斷，我們做得還不算太差！由此可知，亞當團隊制

作的食物很受歡迎.故選B.

(2)D.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段中ItwasagreatwaytopracticeEnglishwehadbeen

workingonintheclassroom.可知這是我們在教室里一直在做的練習英語的好方法.由此

可知，Oliver覺得與當?shù)厝司毩曈⒄Z很棒.故選D.

(3)C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段中Thefirsttimewewentintothecity,wewereputinto

teamsandgivenlistsofthingstospot,likestatues,squaresandotherlandmarks.With

somehelpfromthelocals,myteamfoundalmostallofthethingsonourlistandcame

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second.Wewenttodifferentmuseumsandgalleriesinandaroundthecityeveryday.Itwas

agreatchancetolearnaboutanothercountryanditshistory.可知第?次進城時，我們被分

成兒組，給我們列出了要去看的東西，比如雕像、廣場和其他地標.在當?shù)厝说膸椭拢?/p>

我的團隊幾乎找到了清單上的所有東西，并獲得了第二名.我們每天都去城里和周圍不

同的博物館和畫廊.這是一個了解另一個國家和它的歷史的好機會.由此可知，Sarah的

團隊進行了一次文化旅游.故選C.

8.Wearetheproductsofevolution,andnotjustevolutionthatoccurredbillionsofyearsago.As

scientistslookdeeperintoourgenes（基因），theyarefindingexamplesofhumanevolutionin

justthepastfewthousandyears.PeopleinEthiopianhighlandshaveadaptedtolivingathigh

altitudes.Cattle-raisingpeopleinEastAfricaandnorthernEuropehavegainedamutation

（突變）thathelpsthemdigestmilkasadults.

OnThursdayinanarticlepublishedinCell,ateamofresearchersreportedanewkindof

adaptation-nottoairortofood,buttotheocean.Agroupofsea-dwellingpeoplein

SoutheastAsiahaveevolvedintobetterdivers.TheBajau,asthesepeopleareknown,number

inthehundredsofthousandsinIndonesia,MalaysiaandthePhilippines.Theyhave

traditionallylivedonhouseboats；inrecenttimes,they'vealsobuilthousesonstilts（支柱）

incoastalwaters."Theyaresimplyastrangertotheland,“saidRodneyC.Jubilado,a

UniversityofHawaiiresearcherwhostudiestheBajau.

Dr.JubiladofirstmettheBajauwhilegrowinguponSamalIslandinthe

Philippines.Theymadealivingasdivers,spearfishingorharvestingshellfish.nWewereso

amazedthattheycouldstayunderwatermuchlongerthanuslocalislanders,"Dr.Jubilado

said.nIcouldseethemactuallywalkingunderthesea.”

In2015,MelissaIlardo,thenagraduatestudentingeneticsattheUniversityof

Copenhagen,heardabouttheBajau.Shewonderedifcenturiesofdivingcouldhaveledtothe

evolutionofphysicalcharacteristicsthatmadethetaskeasierforthem."Itseemedlikethe

perfectchancefornaturalselectiontoactonapopulation,*'saidDr.Ilardo.Shealsosaidthere

werelikelyanumberofothergenesthathelptheBajaudive.

（1）Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbytheexamplesinparagraph1?B

A.Environmentaladaptationofcattleraisers.

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B.Newknowledgeofhumanevolution.

C.Recentfindingsofhumanorigin.

D.Significanceoffoodselection.

(2)WheredotheBajaubuildtheirhouses?D

A.Invalleys.

B.Nearrivers.

C.Onthebeach.

D.Offthecoast.

(3)Whywastheyoung