UNIT8GREENLIVINGⅠ.單句語法填空1．Thenextthinghesaw(see)wassmokerisingfrombehindthehouse.2．Lookingatmyclassmates'faces，Ireadthesameexcitement(excite)intheireyes.3．Howcanyoustandbyandseehimaccusedofsomethinghedidn'tdo?4．Ineverexpectedthosefewitemstocometosomuch.5．Theceremonyisasurvival(survive)frompre-christiantimes.6．Theprogramcountsthenumberofoccurrences(occurrence)ofanywordwithinthetext.7．Itwasallagreatsuccess—thankstoalotofhardwork.8．Givenequalopportunities，bothFrankandBillymayaccomplishthetask.9．Theheavysnowlasted(last)foraweek,causingaserioustrafficconfusioninthewholearea.10．Itwasreportedthat115minerstrappedinthefloodedmineforeightdayswere(be)pulledoutaliveatlast.Ⅱ.完形填空OnMarch10，2019，eight-year-oldTanitoluwa“Tani”Adewumibeat73youngcompetitorstowintheNewYorkStateChessChampionshipinhisagecategory—kindergartentothirdgrade.Whilethe1isgreat，whatisevenmoreamazingisthattheboybeganlearningthegamelessthanayearago.Taniandhisfamily2inNewYorkCityfromNigeriain2017.Soonafter，Tanistartedtostudyatthe3elementaryschool，P.S.116，whichisnearhishome.Itwasherethattheyoungboywasfirstintroducedtothechess.4bythegame，theboybeggedhismother，Oluwatoyin，toallowhimto5theschool'schessclub.Consideringthatthefamilywouldbeunabletoaffordthe6，OluwatoyinemailedchessteacherRusselMakofsky，whorantheclub.Tohersurpriseand7，MakofskyagreedtochargeyoungTaninothing.Theyoungboymadeuphismindtopracticeharderinreturnforhis8．Hehaswonsevenimportantprizesinlessthanayear，andranks27in9thechessclubcertainlyhelps，Tani'ssuccesscanbelargelyowedto(歸功于)his10tothegame.Thechessplayerpractisesthegameforseveralhoursaday.EverySaturday，Taniandhismother11toHarlemforafree3-hourclasstohelpfurthersharpenhisgameskills.Heisnowbusy12theNationalElementaryChampionships，whichwillbeheldinNashville，TN.Winningthe13willbringthechessplayerclosertohisdreamofbecomingtheworld's14chessgrandmaster(大師)．TherecordisnowheldbyRussianchessplayerSergeyAlexandrovichKarjakin，whowonthetitlein2002attheageof12years.Wehaveno15thatthedeterminedboywillachievehisgoalsoon!【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了極具國際象棋天賦的8歲男孩Tanitoluwa“Tani”Adewumi的故事。1．A.agreement B．a(chǎn)chievementC．treatment D．a(chǎn)rgumentB[句意：雖然他的成就(achievement)很突出，但更加令人驚奇的是這個男孩開始學(xué)習(xí)下棋才不到一年。故選B。]2．A.stayed B．workedC．lay D．a(chǎn)rrivedD[句意：Tani和他的家人在2017年從尼日利亞到達紐約。故選D。]3．A.religious B．localC．strict D．distantB[句意：不久之后在當?shù)氐囊凰W(xué)上學(xué)。根據(jù)語境可知，此處是指很快，Tani開始在當?shù)氐?local)一所小學(xué)上學(xué)。故選B。]4．A.Confused B．EncouragedC．Attracted D．BeatenC[句意：由于被這種游戲吸引，他懇求他的母親讓他加入學(xué)校的象棋俱樂部。根據(jù)第一段提到Tani在象棋方面取得的成績，以及下文“他加入學(xué)校的象棋俱樂部”可知，他被這種游戲吸引(attract)，才會有如此之成就。故選C。]5．A.found B．runC．join D．visitC[句意：男孩懇求母親讓他加入象棋俱樂部。上文說男孩非常喜歡象棋，因此男孩懇求母親讓他加入(join)象棋俱樂部，故選C。]6．A.bills B．tripsC．meals D．feesD[句意：考慮到他的家庭付不起加入俱樂部的費用。根據(jù)“unabletoafford”可知，此處是指負擔不起費用(fee)……，故選D。]7．A.sadness B．happinessC．puzzlement D．a(chǎn)ngerB[句意：令她感到吃驚并高興的是，Makofsky同意減免了她兒子的所有費用。根據(jù)后面“MakofskyagreedtochargeyoungTaninothing”可知，Makofsky同意減免了她兒子的所有費用。令她感到吃驚并高興(happiness)，故選B。]8．A.rescue B．wishC．help D．serviceC[句意：這個小男孩下決心更加努力訓(xùn)練來報答他的幫助。根據(jù)前一句“俱樂部減免了男孩的費用”，可知，小男孩努力訓(xùn)練來報答他的幫助(help)。故選C。]9．A.If B．UnlessC．Though D．BecauseC[句意：盡管(though)有象棋俱樂部的幫助。分析前后兩句，可知，此處是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。指的是“盡管(though)有象棋俱樂部的幫助，但是Tani的成功很大程度上歸功于他對這種游戲的摯愛(devotion)”，故選C。]10．A.devotion B．a(chǎn)ctionC．reception D．returnA[參見上題解析。]11．A.return B．leadC．point D．headD[句意：每個星期六，Tani和他的母親都會去Harlem免費上3個小時的課。head“前往，去……”，符合句意。故選D。]12．A.preparingfor B．waitingforC．caringfor D．searchingforA[句意：他現(xiàn)在忙于為全國小學(xué)錦標賽做準備。根據(jù)語境“whichwillbeheldinNashville，TN”可知，比賽還沒有舉行，因此他現(xiàn)在忙于為全國小學(xué)錦標賽做準備(preparefor)。故選A。]13．A.friendship B．warC．praise D．competitionD[句意：贏得這場比賽(competition)將會使他的成為世界上最年輕的象棋大師的夢想更近一步。故選D。]14．A.smallest B．strongestC．youngest D．tallestC[句意：贏得這場比賽將會使他的成為世界上最年輕(youngest)的象棋大師的夢想更近一步。根據(jù)下一句“TherecordisnowheldbyRussianchessplayerSergeyAlexandrovichKarjakin，whowonthetitlein2002attheageof12years.”以及第一段第一句“2019年3月10日，八歲的阿德烏米擊敗73名年輕選手”，可知，與SergeyAlexandrovichKarjakin相比，如果他贏了，他是最年輕的象棋大師。故選C。]15．A.doubt B．wonderC．problem D．signA[句意：毫無疑問，不久之后這個堅定的男孩一定會實現(xiàn)自己的目標?！皀odoubt”為固定搭配，意為“毫無疑問”，故選A。]Ⅲ.語法填空Tounderstandhow“modernart”began,alittlehistoricalbackgroundcanbehelpful.Therewasarapidlyincreasingchangeinthe19thcentury.As1.________resultoftheIndustrialRevolution(工業(yè)革命),greatchangesinmanufacturing(制造業(yè)),transport,andtechnologybegan2.________(affect)howpeoplelived,worked,andtravelledthroughoutEuropeandAmerica.Theseindustry-inspiredsocialchangesledtonotonlygreaterprosperity(繁榮)butalso3.________(crowd)livingconditionsformostworkers.Inturn,thisledtothedemandforthearchitecture,thedemandforappliedartanddesignandtheappearanceofwealthybusinessmen4.________becameartcollectorsandsupporters.Manyoftheworld'sbestartmuseums5.________(establish)bythesesuccessfulbusinessmeninthe19thcentury.Besides,twoother6.________(invention)hadadirecteffect7.________fineartoftheperiod.First,in1841,theAmericanpainterJohnRandinventedthetinpainttube.Second,majoradvancesweremadeinphotography(攝影)，8.________(allow)artiststotakephotosofviewswhichcouldthenhelp9.________(they)paintinthestudioatalaterdate.Bothofthedevelopmentswould10.________(great)benefitanewstyleofpaintingknownas“Impressionism”，whichwouldhaveahugeinfluenceuponhowartistspaintedtheworldaroundthem.【語篇解讀】文章講述了現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的起源和發(fā)展歷史。1．a(chǎn)[考查冠詞。句意：由于工業(yè)革命，在制造業(yè)、運輸和技術(shù)方面的巨大變化開始影響人們?nèi)绾卧跉W洲和美國生活、工作和旅行。asaresultof是固定短語。故填a。]2．toaffect/affecting[考查非謂語動詞。句意同上。began之后可接動詞不定式或動詞-ing形式作賓語。故填toaffect/affecting。]3．crowded[考查形容詞。句意：這些工業(yè)性的社會變化不僅帶來了更繁榮的生活，而且也導(dǎo)致了大多數(shù)工人擁擠的生活條件。修飾后面的名詞conditions，要用形容詞。故填crowded。]4．that/who[考查定語從句。句意：相應(yīng)地，這也導(dǎo)致了對建筑業(yè)的需求，對應(yīng)用藝術(shù)和設(shè)計的需求，以及成為藝術(shù)收藏家和支持者的富商的出現(xiàn)。