..L4Unit1-1Listening旅游Christinawasonthe2weeks’vacation.Thisisthefirstvacationshe’shadforalongtime.thelastvacationshetookwasmorethan2yearsago.NowsheisvisitingherfriendinSanFrancisco.Herfriendandherhusbandarelivinginthecenterofthecity.Heworksatastart-upcompanyatSiliconValley.Whilehewasworking,sheworkedparttimeatthedepartmentstore.克里斯丁正在享受2周的假期。這是她這么長時間以來的第一個假期。她上一個假期還是兩年以前?，F(xiàn)在她正在舊金山拜訪她的朋友。她的朋友和朋友老公住在市中心。她朋友老公在硅谷的創(chuàng)業(yè)公司工作。在他工作的時候,她在百貨超市做兼職。Christianahasn’tseenherfriendforlongtime.Thelasttimetheysaweachotherwas3yearsago.Atthattime,theywerebothworkingatadepartmentstore.ThenChristinaquitherjobandstartedherownbusiness.Shedesignswomen’sclothing.Shehas2employersnowandhercompanyisslowlygrowing.克里斯丁已經(jīng)好久沒有看過她朋友了。上次她們想見還是在3年前。在那時,她們還一同在百貨商店工作。之后,克里斯丁離職去創(chuàng)業(yè)。她去設(shè)計女性的服裝。她現(xiàn)在有兩名員工并且公司還在緩慢增長。ChristinahascometoSanFranciscobyherself.Herhusbanddidn’tcomebecausehehastowork.Hetriedthecompany2yearsoldbutitdidn’tworkout.Hiscompanyfailedonlyafteronlyfewmonths.Soheworksinananothercompanyandsavemoney.Oncehe’ssavedenoughmoneyheplanstostartanothercompany.Hedoesn’twanttogiveup.克里斯丁獨(dú)自一人來舊金山了。她丈夫因?yàn)楣ぷ鞑荒軄?他嘗試在2年前設(shè)立一家公司,但效果不好,公司在設(shè)立個把月后破產(chǎn)了。所有他只好在其他公司工作攢錢。一旦他存夠了足夠的錢,他計劃開始創(chuàng)立另一家公司。他不想就此放棄。ThisisthesecondtimeChristinahasbeentoSanFrancisco.Thefirsttimewaswhenshewasahighschoolstudent.Thatwas10yearsago.Duringthattrip,shewasonlyinSanFranciscoforfewdays.Afterthat,shewenttoLosAnglesandNewYork.Thistime,sheandherfriendplantorelaxandhavefun.這是克里斯丁第二次到達(dá)舊金山。第一次還是她在高中的時候,那還是10年前。在那次旅途中,她只待在舊金山幾天。之后,她去了洛杉磯和紐約。這次,她和她朋友計劃好好的放松和娛樂。Christinaarrived2daysago,thedaybeforeyesterday.Herfriendmetherattheairportanddrovehertoherapartment.Herapartmentisjustnorthoftheairportabout20minutesfromSanFrancisco.It’sasmallapartmentbutit’sonahillandithasagreatview.克里斯丁在2天前就到了,即在昨天的前一天。她的朋友在機(jī)場接她并載她去她的公寓。她的公寓在機(jī)場的北邊,距離舊金山大約20分鐘的路程。公寓雖然很小,但其在山上,且有很好的視野。Yesterdaytheywentdowntownandrodethecablecars.Christinawassurprisedbyhowsteepthehillsare.Thentheywalkedalongtheoceanandatelunchattheseafoodrestaurant.FromtherestauranttheycouldseetheGoldenGatebridge.昨天他們?nèi)チ肃l(xiāng)下,乘坐了有軌電車?？死锼苟@些山有多陡峭感到驚訝。然后她們?nèi)チ撕＿吷⒉?并在海鮮餐館吃了午飯。在餐館里,她們可以看到金門大橋。Tomorrowthey’replanningtodrivetoYosemiteNationalpark.Bycarwasonly4hoursaway.Christinahasneverbeentherebeforesoshewasexcited.Shehasheardtheparkwasverybeautiful.HerfriendhasbeentoYosemiteseveraltimes.Shesaysit’soneofthemostbeautifulplacesintheworld.Christinajusthopesthatherfriendisagooddriver.明天,他們計劃乘車去約塞米蒂國家公園。只有4個小時車程?？死锼苟∵€從未去過那,所以她非常興奮。她聽說公園非常美麗。她的朋友已經(jīng)去過多次。她說那是世界上最美麗的地方之一?？死锼苟∠Ｍ笥咽莻€好司機(jī)。L4Unit1-1vocabulary傷病和地貌地形Headachecanbeverypainfulandcanlastforalongtime.Ifyouhad,yourheadhurts.頭痛非常痛苦并且持續(xù)很長時間。如果你有的話,你的頭會非常疼。Asprainedanklecanbesopainfulthatyoucan’twalk.Someonewithasprainedanklemayneedtothecrutchestowalk.踝關(guān)節(jié)扭傷非常疼痛以至于你無法走路。踝關(guān)節(jié)扭傷的人可能需要拄拐走路。Crutchesn.拐杖;支持物;精神上的寄托;胯部vt.支撐;支持sprainvt.扭傷〔關(guān)節(jié)n.扭傷anklen.踝,踝關(guān)節(jié);腳脖子ifyouhadasorethroat,itmaybepainfultoswallow.Asorethroatcanbecausedbyvirusesorbacteria.如果你曾嗓子痛,吞咽會非常痛苦。嗓子痛會因病毒或細(xì)菌引起。Aburnisaninjurytotheskin,causedbyfireorheat.Ifyougettooclosetoafire,youwillbeburned.燒傷是皮膚受傷,因火或熱引起。如果你過于挨著火,你會被燒傷。Anearacheisasharp,dullorburningpainintheear.Commoncausesofanearacheincludeaninfection,achangingairpressureorwaterintheear.耳朵痛是一種在耳朵里劇烈的,鈍的灼痛。常見引起耳朵痛的原因包括感染、空氣壓力的改變和水。Mountainsarelandformshigherthan2000feetorabout600metersabovesealevel.Hillsarelikemountain,butnotastall.Mountainsareformedbytheforcesdeepwithintheearthandaremadeofmanytypesofrocks山是超過海平面2000英尺〔6000米海拔的地形。山丘很像山,但是沒有山高。山被地球內(nèi)部力量形成,是由許多巖石組成。Riversarestreamofwaterthatusuallybeginatmountainsandflowintothesea.Manyearlycitieswerebuiltalongsiderivers.河流是小溪的水,從山上流下,流到大海。很多城市都沿著河流建起。Mostoftheworld’swaterisintheocean,whicharethelargebodiesofsaltwater.Theoceansarealsoanimportantsourceofoxygen.世界上絕大部分的水都在海洋中,其他大部分是鹽水。海水是氧氣的重要原料。Desertsareareasoflandthatreceivelittleornorainfall.Theamountofrainfallinsomedesertsissolowthatonlyafewplantscansurvive.沙漠是一塊幾乎沒有雨水的地方。某些沙漠的降雨量太低,以至于沒有植物能夠生存。Avalleyislow,relativelyflatareabetweenhillsandmountains,oftenwiththeriverrunningthroughit.Somevalleysareformedbyflowingriverandothersareformedbyglaciers.峽谷是在山丘和山脈之間的一個低的、相對平坦的地區(qū),通常有河流在峽谷中流淌。一些山谷由河流組成,其他的由冰川組成。L4Unit1-1dialogue談?wù)摮燥埡皖A(yù)約Haveyoueatenyet？NotIhaven’tandI’mhungry.Metoo.Let’sgooutfordinner.Whereto？Whataboutjoe’sItalian.Howmanytimeshaveyoueatenthere？Ieattherealot.It’soneofmyfavoriteplaces.Iwenttheretwoweeksagoandtheservicewasterrible.Really,thenlet’sgosomeplaceselse.Whatdoyousuggest?HowabouttheroyalIndian?It’snotfarfromhere.I’veneverheardofit.Isitgood?Yes,IhavebeenthereseveraltimesandI’veneverbeendisappointed.Ok,let’stryit.I’venevereatenIndianfoodforalongtime.Youwon’tbedisappointedandthepricesarereasonable.Ah,soyoumeanI’mgoingtopay.Well,thatwillcertainlybenice.Whataboutreservations.Ifyougetthereearlyenough,wewon’tneedthem.Ihopeyou’reright.Don’tworry,ifIhavetowait,I’llpaythebill.你吃過了嗎？沒呢,我餓死了。我也沒有,我們一起吃晚飯吧。去哪？喬·意大利如何？你去那吃過多少次？我吃過很多次,那是我最喜歡的地方之一。我兩周前去過,他們的服務(wù)很糟糕。真的嗎？那我們?nèi)e的地方吃吧。你推薦去哪？"忠誠印度人"怎么樣,離這里很近。我從未聽說過,他們好嗎？是的,我去過那很多次,我從未失望過。好吧,我們一起去嘗嘗,我好久每次印度菜了。你不會失望的,他們的價格也很公道。啊,所以你的意思是我買單咯。恩,那最好不過。需要預(yù)約嗎？如果我們到那足夠早,我們不需要這些。我希望你是對的。別擔(dān)心,如果確實(shí)需要等,我來買單。L4Unit1-2Listening旅游2Today,Christinaandherfriendareenjoyingthemselves.ThismorningtheygotupveryearlyanddroveoutofSanFrancisco.TheycrossedtheBayBridgebeforetheearlymorningcommuteanddrovesouth.Becauseitwassoearly,therewerenotcars.Afterdrivinganhourandahalf,theystoppedandhadbreakfast.Theyorderedpancakesandcoffee.Theyalsohadsomefreshfruits.Whentheyfinishedeating,therewas7:00.Thentheygotbackintothecaranddrovesouth.Christinawantedtolisteningtomusic,sosheturnedontheradio.Anhourlater,theystoppedforgas.Theynoticedthattherewasachargingstationforelectriccar.今天,克里斯丁和她的朋友非常享受。今天早上她們起得很早,駕車去了三番。她們在早上通勤時間之前穿過海灣大橋并往南走。因?yàn)榉浅Ｔ?路上沒有什么車。開了一個半小時后,她們停下來吃了早餐。她們點(diǎn)了烙餅和咖啡。她們還吃了新鮮的水果。克里斯丁想要聽音樂,所以她打開了收音機(jī)。一個小時后,她們停下來加油。她們發(fā)現(xiàn)那里還要供電動車用的充電樁。It’snow1:15andtheyareinYosemitePark.They’vebeentherefor2hourssince11:15.TheyarelookingattheYosemitefalls,whichisthehighestwaterfallinthepark.Thewaterdropsatotalof740metersfromthetopofupperfalltothebaseofthelowerfall.Inanother15minutes,theyplannedtoeatdinneratthemagnificentoldhotelinthepark.Itwasbuiltin1927andhasagreatview.Theywantedtostaytherebuttheycouldn’tgetreservations.Togetaroomatthathotel,youusuallyneedtomakereservationseveralmonthsinadvance.現(xiàn)在是1點(diǎn)15分,她們正在Yosemite公園。她們在11點(diǎn)15就到了,已經(jīng)到了2小時。她們正在看Yosemite瀑布,這是公園里最高的瀑布。水從上瀑布頂部降到740米落到下瀑布底部。在另外的15分鐘中,她們計劃去一個公園里華麗的舊賓館吃晚飯。賓館在1927年修建且有非常好看的風(fēng)景。她們想要住在那,但是她們沒有預(yù)約。要想得到一個酒店的房間,你通常需要提前數(shù)月作預(yù)約。Theyplannedtostayintheparkuntilaround4:00.Bythen,theywillhavebeenintheparkfornearly5hours.ThentheywillgetbackintothecaranddrovebacktotheSanFrancisco.Theyplannedtoeatdinnersomewherealongtheway.Ifthetrafficisn’ttoobad,theyshouldbebackinSanFranciscoby10:00.她們繼續(xù)待在公園直到4點(diǎn),那時,她們會在公園待將近5個小時。然后她們會返回汽車開回三番。她們計劃在路上的某處吃晚飯。如果交通不是特別差的話,她們應(yīng)該能夠在10點(diǎn)錢到達(dá)三番。Earlytomorrowmorning,they’regoingtocrosstheGoldenGatebridgeandgonorthalongthecoast.Fromsomeplaces,youcanlookoutontheoceanandseewhalesandothersealives.Christinahasneverseenawhalebefore,sosheislookingforwardtoit.Andtomorrownight,theyhavesomethingspecialplan.Theyaregoingtowatchabaseballgame.Christinahasneverseenabaseballgame,butshehasheardthatitisverypopularintheUS.AndtheSanFranciscobaseballteamisoneofthebest.第二天早上,她們準(zhǔn)備穿過金門大橋往北沿著海岸走。在某些地方,你可以遠(yuǎn)眺海洋并看到鯨魚和其他海洋生物?？死锼苟≈斑€從未看過鯨魚,所以她非常想去看。明天晚上,她們有一個特別的計劃。她們回去看一場棒球比賽?？死锼苟∵€從未看過一場棒球比賽,不過她聽說棒球比賽在美國非常流行,而三番的棒球隊(duì)是其中最好的之一。L4Unit1-2vocabulary力學(xué)、幾何Theforceisthepushorapullontheobject.Aforcechangesthemotionofamovingobject.Aforcecanbestrongorweakanditalwayshasadirection.力是物體的推力或拉力。力改變移動物體的狀態(tài)。一種力可以很強(qiáng)或很弱,它一般都有方向。Theearthisaplanetthatgoesaroundthesuninthecircularorbit.Thespeedofitsmotiondoesn’tchangeandthedirectionofitsmotiondoes.Theearthhasalayerofgasaboveitssurface,whichhelpstosupportlife.地球是一個行星,在圓形軌道上繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。它的速度不會改變,但是方向會改變。地球在它的表面有一個大氣層,幫助支撐生命。Atomsarethebuildingblocksofmatter.Atthecenterofanatomisitsnucleus,whichhasapositiveelectriccharge.Outsidethenucleusareelectrons,whichhaveanegativecharge.原子是物質(zhì)的基石。在原子的中心是它的原子核,擁有正電荷。在電子和的外面是電子,有負(fù)電荷。Asteroidsandcometsareobjectthatorbitsoursun,butaresmallerthanplanets.Asteroidthatpassclosetotheeartharecalledthenear-earthobjects.Thelayerofgases,justabovetheearthsurface,isouratmosphere.Thelayerofatmosphereismadeupofgases,suchasoxygenandhydrogen.Withoutanatmosphere,therewouldbenotlifeontheearth.隕石和彗星是繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)的天體,但是比行星小。隕石在地球近處的稱作近地物體。大氣層,在地球表面上方,是我們的大氣層。大氣層由氣體如氧氣和氫氣組成。沒有大氣層,地球上將沒有生命。Asteroidn.[天]小行星;海盤車;海星adj.星狀的orbitn.軌道;眼眶;勢力范圍;〔人生的旅程,生活過程vt.&vi.在…軌道上運(yùn)行,環(huán)繞軌道運(yùn)行vi.盤旋;繞軌道運(yùn)行vt.繞軌道而行;進(jìn)入軌道Thetwolinesontheleftintersecteachotheratarightanglewhichis90degrees.The2linesontherightareparallel,whichmeanstheynevercross.Theadjacentsidesofrectangleareperpendicular,whichmeanstheymeetata90-degreeangle.Theoppositesidesoftherectangleareequalaparallel,whichmeanstheynevercross.Theareaofarectangleisthelengthtimesthewidth.左邊的兩條線相交為直角,即90度。右邊兩條線是平行的,意味著他們永不相交。矩形的鄰邊是垂直的,他們相交為90度角。矩形的對邊相當(dāng)于平行,意味著他們永不相交。矩形的面積為長乘以寬。Intersectvt.橫斷,橫切,橫穿vt.&vi.〔指線條、道路等相交,交叉acircleisthe2dimensionalfigureswithradiusandcircumferencewhichisthedistancearoundthecircle.TheareaofthecircleisπRsquare,whereristheradiusandπistheratioofthecircle’scircumferencetoitsdiameter.一個圓形是二維和圖形,有半徑和周長,是原的長度。這個圓的面積是πR平方,r是半徑,π是圓周長比直徑的比率Radiusn.橈骨;半徑范圍;半徑〔距離;用半徑度量的圓形面積Dimensionaladj.維的;尺寸的;<物>量綱的;<數(shù)>因次的Asphereisa3dimensionalfigurewiththearatiothesamethevolume,whichisthethree-fourthπRcube.Allpointsonthesurfaceofthesphereareequidistancefromitscenter.Cube一個球是三維圖形,有一個面積的比率,是三分之四πR立方。在球的表面到它的中心的點(diǎn)的距離相等。n.立方形,立方體;立方,三次冪;小房間vt.求…的立方;把〔食物切成小方塊;測定…的體積equidistance等距離的Arighttriangleisa2dimensionalfigurewith3sides,2ofwhichareperpendicular.Tofinditsarea,multiplythelengthofthe2perpendicularsides,AandBanddividedby2,AequatesonehalfAB.一個直角三角形是二維圖形,有三個邊,兩個邊是垂直的。要計算它的面積,用兩個直角邊相乘,AB,再除以2,相當(dāng)于1/2A*BPerpendicularadj.垂直的,成直角的;直立的,險陡的;[建]垂直式的;〈謔〉直站著的n.垂直線,垂直面;直立,直立姿勢,廉直;垂直測器,錘規(guī);[建]垂直式建筑,絕壁Equatevt.等同;使相等;相當(dāng)于theelectricforcebetweenthenucleusandtheelectronsholdstheatomtogether.L4Unit1-2dialogue晚餐閑談Haveyoufinishedeatingyet.Not,Ihaven’t.Whyareyouinsuchahurry.I’msorry,butyouaresuchasloweater.Aloweater?WellItrytoenjoymyfood.Youjusteatandswallow.Idon’tseehowyoucaneventasteit.Ok,I’msorry.DoyoumindifIgetanotherglassofvines?No,goahead.Idon’twantyoutositthereputtingpressureonme.Ithoughtweweregoingtohavearelaxingevening.Yes,youareright.I’dliketorelax,butIhadalotonmymind.Workrelated?Yes.itis.I’vebeengettingsomestrangeemailsfrommyboss.Hewantsmetocutdownonmyexpenses.Maybehewantstofireme.Isbusinessbad?Yes,itis.ButIdon’twanttotalkaboutit.Ok,butI’magoodlistener.Youcantellmeifyou’dliketo.Thanks,maybesomeothertime.I’lltrytostartthinkingaboutitanddealwithittomorrow.Goodidea.Youneedtotakeabreakfromwork.YourhealthisimportantandsoamI.Yes,youare.Idon’tknowwhatwouldIdowithoutyou.你吃完了嗎？還沒。你為什么這么著急？對不起,你總是吃的那么慢。吃得慢？不,我是在品嘗食物。你只是在狼吞虎咽,我看不出你能嘗出什么味道。對不起,你介不介意我去拿另外一倍紅酒？不,我不想你坐在那給我壓力。我原來想著我們有一個放松的夜晚。是的,我也想放松,但是我腦中有很多煩心事。和工作相關(guān)？是的,我收到幾封我老板給我的郵件,他讓我削減我的支出,可能他想要開除我。生意難做嗎？是的,但是我不想談?wù)撨@個。好吧,我是一個好的聽眾,如果你愿意的話可以告訴我。謝謝,下次吧。我會明天嘗試開始思考,并解決它們。好主意。你需要從工作中休息一下。你的健康非常重要,我的也是。是的。我不知道沒有你我會怎么辦。L4Unit1-3listening旅游3HarryisAmericanbusinessman.Hisjobrequireshimdoalotoftravelling.Hetakes9or10tripsayear.Inthelate6months,hehasmade5trips.3weretoAsiaand2weretoEurope.Thepurposeofhistripistoattendmeetsandmakepresentations.Harrylovestotravelandhehastravelledtomanycountries.Mostofhistripsareforoneor2weeks.Hisfirstinternationaltripwas15yearsago,whenhewas20yearsold.HereallywantedtoseeAsiasoheandhisfriendflewfromTokyo,Japan.FromTokyo,theytravelledaroundJapanfor2weeks.哈利是一個美國商務(wù)人士。他的工作要求他日常出差。他一年要出差9到10次。在過去的6個月總,他出差了5次,3次去了亞洲,2次去了歐洲。他出差主要是為了參加會議和做演講。哈利喜歡旅行,他也旅行去過很多國家。大部分旅行都會有1到2周。他的第一次國際旅行是在15年前,當(dāng)他在20歲的時候。他非常想去亞洲,所以他和他朋友飛去東京。到東京后,他們在日本完了2周。Thepeopletheymetverynice,butmostofthemdidn’tspeakEnglish.HarrytriedtospeakalittleJapanese,butitwasdifficult.Hedidn’tdoverywell.Whenhespoketopeople,mostofthemjustlookedathim.Theydidn’tunderstandwhathewastryingtosay.他們遇到的人都很好,但是大部分都不會說英語,哈利嘗試說了一些日語,但是還是很困難。他做的并不好。當(dāng)他和日本人說話時,大部分人只是瞅著他。他們不知道哈利想要說什么。Fromjapan,theywenttoKoreaforaweekandthentheywenttoChina.InChina,theyvisitedtheGreatWallinBeijing.HestayedinBeijingforafewdaysandthentheyboardedatrainforshanghai.Itwasanovernighttrain,withsleepingcars.到日本后,他們又去了韓國玩了一周,然后她們?nèi)チ酥袊Ｔ谥袊?他們參觀了北京的長城。他們在北京呆了一段時間后,然后乘坐火車去了上海,這是一個夜班的列車,有床鋪。Duringthejourney,theyenjoyedlookingoutofthewindowatthecountryside.Theviewfromthetrainwaswonderful.Harrywillneverforgetwatchthesungodownintheevening.Itwasabeautifulsunset.在旅途中,他們非常享受窗外鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)景。火車外的風(fēng)景非常壯觀。哈利永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記傍晚時觀看日落的情形,那是一個美麗的晚霞。Thejourneytoshanghaitookmanyhours,butitwasanunforgettableexperience.Onthetrain,hemetaChineseProfessorwhospokeEnglish.Hewasmiddle-ageman,whosehairwasturninggrey.HetoldthemabouthowthingswerechanginginChina.Itwaswonderfultowatchhimashewasspeaking.Hiseyeswerefullofenergyandexcitement.Theyonlystayedinshanghaiforacoupleofdays.ThentheyreturnedtoUSandwentbacktoschool.Theyhadonemoreyearstofinishtheirstudies.去上海的旅程花費(fèi)了個把小時,但是那是一個難忘的經(jīng)歷。在火車上,他們遇到一位會說英文的中國教授,他是一個中年人,頭發(fā)已經(jīng)花白。他告訴他們中國正發(fā)生著的變化?？粗f話非常有趣。他的眼神中充滿著能量和激情。他們只在上海呆了幾天,然后他們返回美國,回到學(xué)校,他們還有一年多完成他們的學(xué)業(yè)。Harry’snextnewtripsweretodifferentpartsoftheworld.TheywenttoEuropetwice,eachtimetodifferentcountries.Ononetrip,hetravelledthroughtheUKandFrance.Onthenexttrip,hewentItalyandGreece.AftertheEurope,hetravelledtoMexicoandsouthAmerica.InsouthAmerica,hewenttoArgentinaandBrazil.Heenjoyedwatchingsomegreatsoccermatches.ThenhedecidedtogobacktoAsia.Butthistime,hewenttosoutheastAsia.HevisitedVietnam,ThailandandSingapore.Eachcountryhadacharmofitsown.哈利后面幾次旅行去了其他地方。他們?nèi)チ藲W洲兩次,每次都是不同的國家。在一次旅行去了英國和法國,下一次旅行中,他去了意大利和希臘。去玩歐洲以后,他們?nèi)チ四鞲绾湍厦乐?。在南美?他去了阿根廷和巴西。他非常享受于觀看偉大的足球比賽。Afterthistravel,harrydecidedtomaketravelpartofhiscareer.Hedidn’twanttoworkonlyintheUS.Hedidn’tworkonlywithAmericans.hewantedtoexperienceothercountriesandothercultures.Hisdreamwastoworkforinternationalcompany.在這次旅行以后,哈利決定把旅行當(dāng)作他的職業(yè)。他不想只留在美國。他不想只和美國人工資。他想要體驗(yàn)其他的國家和文化。他的夢想是為國際公司工作。5yearsago,hisdreamcametrue.NowhewasworkingforaGermanhigh-techcompany.Aspartofhisjob,hehastotravelalot.Asaresult,hehasbeentomanycitiesandcounties.Andhehasmetmanyinterestingpeople.5年前,他的夢想實(shí)現(xiàn)了,現(xiàn)在他正在一家德國高科技企業(yè)公司。作為他工作的一部分,他需要很多出差。因此,他去了很多城市、很多國家。他也認(rèn)識了很多有趣的人兒。L4Unit1-3vocabulary牙齒、人體器官cavityn.腔,洞;蛀牙,齲洞Adentalcavityisaholeinthetooth.Acavityiscausedbybacteriainthemouth.Brushingyourteethfrequentlyandregularlycanhelppreventcavities.蛀牙是牙齒上有洞。蛀牙因?yàn)榭谥械募?xì)菌導(dǎo)致。經(jīng)常刷牙有助于防止蛀牙。crackedadj.有裂縫的;聲音沙啞的;精神失常的v.破裂;崩潰<crack的過去分詞>;發(fā)沙啞聲Acrackedtoothcanbecausedbybitingdownonsomehard.Dentiststhetreatcrackedtoothbycoveringitwithacrown<牙冠>.咬一些硬的東西會導(dǎo)致牙齒裂開。牙醫(yī)用牙冠覆蓋在裂開的牙齒表面來治療裂齒。crownn.王冠;花冠〔有時象征勝利;王權(quán);〔某物的頂部vt.〔尤指通過增添成就、成功等使圓滿;為…加冕;使圓滿完成;給…以榮譽(yù)vi.露頂AdentalX-rayisapictureofyourteethandgums.AnX-rayshowswhatcan’tbeseenonthesurfaceofteethandgums.一個牙部的X光是你牙齒和牙齦的圖像。一份X光可以展示你牙齒和牙齦表面不能看到的。Bracesareusedbydentiststostraightenteethoveraperiodsofyears.Thosebracesareusuallyforchildren.theycanalsobeusedforadultswithcrookedteeth.牙醫(yī)用牙套用來在一段時間內(nèi)〔年加固牙齒。那些牙套一般是給小朋友的,他們還可以用來給有歪齒的成人。Bracevt.支撐;系緊;準(zhǔn)備,預(yù)備;振作起來vi.準(zhǔn)備好;支持;打起精神n.支持物;鐵鉗,夾子;[語]大括號;繃緊〔身體部位的肌肉Straightenvt.&vi.變直,把…弄直;整理,整頓;使…改正;使…好轉(zhuǎn)vi.變好起來crookn.騙子;彎曲;鉤;詭計vt.使成鉤狀;使彎曲vi.彎曲adj.不正當(dāng)?shù)?騙人的crookedadj.彎曲的;不正當(dāng)?shù)?歪扭的;用不正當(dāng)手段得來的Toextracttoothmeanstoremoveitfromthemouth.Dentistshavetopullhardtoextracttooth.拔牙意味著從口中除掉。牙醫(yī)必須很使勁才能拔牙。Theheartpumpsbloodtoallpartsofbodiesthroughasystemofarteriesandvein.It’slocatedinthechest,betweenthelungsanditbeatsaboutoncepersecond.心臟泵送血液給到全身,通過動脈和靜脈系統(tǒng)。它在胸腔中,在肺的中間,每秒跳動一次。Arteryn.[解剖]動脈;干線,要道toxinn.毒素;毒質(zhì)Thekidneysremovewasteandtoxinsfromtheblood.Theyhavebeenshapedandabout10cmlong,and6cmwide.腎除去血液中的廢物和毒素,它們性狀像*,大約10厘米長,6厘米寬。ThelungsexchangeoxygenfromtheairwithCO2fromtheblood.Theyexpandwheninhalingairandcontractwhenexhalingair.肺交換空氣中的氧氣,與血液中的二氧化碳。他們擴(kuò)張的同時吸入空氣,收縮的同時排除空氣。Inhalevt.&vi.吸氣;吸入;〈非〉狼吞虎咽Exhalevt.發(fā)散出;放出,放射;使蒸發(fā);[醫(yī)]滲出vi.呼氣;發(fā)散;放出Thestomachisbelowtheheartandit’spartofthedigestsystem.Itusesacidstodigestfoodbeforepassingittothesmallintestine.胃在心臟的下方,他是消化系統(tǒng)的一部分。它使用酸來消化食物,在食物送往小腸之前?！仓笫澄锼屯∧c。Smallintestinen.小腸Thebladderisaballoon-shapedorganthatcollectsurinefromthekidneys.Inanaudit,thebladdercanholdabouthalfaliterofurine.膀胱是一個氣球狀的器官,從腎收集尿液。一位成年人,膀胱可以裝半升的尿。urinen.尿;小便;下泉aliterof公升L4Unit1-3dialogue談?wù)撡V賂Goodevening,sir.Youweredrivingtoofast.Really.Wasi?Yes,youweregoingwellabovethespeedlimit.I’msorry,officer.Ok,Ineedtoseeyourdriver’slicense.Hereismydriver’slicense.Yourlicenseisexpired.Areyouawareofthat?No,sir.That’sasurprise.Ididn’tknow.Itexpiredmorethanayearago.Isthisyourcar.No,sir,it’safriend’s.I’mborrowingitforthenight.車子是我的一個朋友的,我借來開了一晚。Getoutofthecarandputyourhandsbehindyourback.Whyofficer,whathaveIdone.JustdoasIsay.Ok,officer,I’mcooperating.Pleasedon’tpushme.Getyourhandsbehindyourback.Ok!ok!I’mnotaskingyou.I’morderingyou.Pleaseofficer,Ihaven’tdoneanythingwrong.Standstillanddon’tsayanything.Thisisastolencar,areyouawareofthat.Areyougoingtoarrestme?Whatdoyouthink.That’swhatwedowithcarthieves.Ifyouletmego,Iwillgiveyouacoupleofthousanddollars.Ihaven’thurtanybody.Sonowyou’retryingtobribeme.Howstupidcanyoube?Ijustdon’twanttogobacktojail.Givemeabreak.Sure,youareaniceguy.I’dliketogiveyouabreak.Butthat’snothingIcando.Pleaseofficer.Ok,whereisthemoney.LetmeseeitandIwillthinkaboutit.L4Unit1-4listening家政服務(wù)、世界人口Quickserviceissuccessfulhomerepaircompany.Itprovidesquick,reliablerepairservicestohomes.Itwasestablished5yearsagoandhasbeenexpandingrapidly.Inthelast2years,ithasopenedofficesin3newcities.快速服務(wù)是一家成功的家政維修公司。它為家庭提供快速的、可靠的維修服務(wù)。它成立于5年前,同時,它發(fā)展的非?？臁Ｔ谶^去2年中,它已經(jīng)在3個城市設(shè)立了公司點(diǎn)。Becauseofitsrapidgrowth,ithastohiremanynewemployers.Inthelast6months,ithashired50newemployers.Thetotalnumberoftheemployersinthecompanyisnowover500.Andthenumberofthecustomershasincreasedtomorethan5000.因?yàn)槠淇焖俚陌l(fā)展,它必須雇傭新員工。在過去6個月里,它雇傭了50名新員工。公司的中員工已經(jīng)達(dá)到了500人,顧客人員已經(jīng)增加到5000人。Thecompanyhasonlyimproveditsbusinessmodel.Insteadofofferingonlyrepairservices,itcannowhelpcustomerupgradetheirappliances.Quickservicedoesthisbygivingachoice.Customerscanchooserepairtheirappliancesorupgradeitbybuyinganewone.Iftheychoosetobuyanewone,theywouldgetadiscountinprice.Soacustomercaneitherrepairabrokenrefrigeratorforasmallfeeorbuyanewone.Iftheybuyanewone,theywillgetadiscountedprice,alongwithfreeinstallation.Thisispossiblebecauseseveralappliancemanufactureshaveagreedtogivequickservicebigdiscounts.Quickservicetheninstallsthenewapplianceandremovetheoldone.Feedbackfromcustomershasbeenpositive.這家公司正在提升他們的商務(wù)模式。相比之前僅提供維修服務(wù),現(xiàn)在它可以幫助客戶維修他們的電器,并通過購買新的電器升級。如果他們選擇購買新的,他們會得到折扣優(yōu)惠。所以,一位顧客可以選擇用小部分費(fèi)用維修舊冰箱,或者購買新的。如果他們購買新的,他們會的到折扣價,并且附贈免費(fèi)安裝服務(wù)。這是很可能的,因?yàn)樵S多家電制造商已經(jīng)同意給公司大的折扣。Quickservice然后安裝這些新的家電并替換舊的家電。客戶的反饋非常好。Ahighpercentageofcustomershavetakenadvantagesofthisnewservice.Asaresult,quickservicehasdevelopedthegreatreputation.Itsdedicationtothehighqualityservicehasprovedtobesuccessful.Itsword-of-mouthapproachtoadvertisinghasbeencost-effective.Theappliancemanufactureshavealsobeenhappywiththeresults.Theirgrowingrelationshipswithquickservicehelpincreasingthemselves.有很大比例的客戶已經(jīng)從這種服務(wù)中獲益。因此,quickservice享有了很好的名聲。他們對好質(zhì)量服務(wù)的追求被證明是成功的?？诳谙鄠鞯膹V告方式非常有合算的。家電制造商對這些結(jié)果很滿意,他們和quickservice的關(guān)系幫助他們更好的獲益。Theworldpopulationisgrowing.Thereareover7billionpeopleintheworld.Duringthe2000,thepopulationgrowthfrom1.65billionto6billion.It’snowgoingatarateofaround1.1%peryear.Thatmeanstheincreaseisabout80millionperyear.By2024,thepopulationisexpectedtobearound8billionpeople.世界的人口在正在增長。世界上有70億人,在20XX時,人口從16.5億上漲到了60億?，F(xiàn)在正在以1.1%每年的速率增長。這意味著8000萬人每年的增長。到2024年時,人口有望達(dá)到80億左右。Thegrowthrateusedtobehigher.Inthelast1960,therateofgrowthwasabout2%.Sincethen,thegrowthratehasdeclined.It’sestimatedthatthegrowthratewillbelessthan1%by2020.Bytheyear2050,thegrowthrateshouldbeevenless.以前的增長速度更高。在19世紀(jì)60年代末,人口增長率為2%。在那之后,增長率開始下降。據(jù)估計,增長率會在2020年少于1%,2050年時,增長率會更低。Evenwiththedeclininggrowthrate,thepopulationwouldcontinuetogrow.Butitwillgrowataslowerrate.Inthepast15years,theworld’spopulationhasmorethandoubled.Itisdoubledfromaround3billionin1960tomorethan7billionin2011.即便是一個不斷下降的出生率,人口仍然持續(xù)增長。但增長的比率在變小。在過去15年中,世界的人口已經(jīng)達(dá)到了兩倍,從1960年的30億到20XX的70億。Therateofgrowthvariesbycountry.ThegrowthrateinIndiaismorethantwicethanthatofchina.AndthegrowthrateinNigeria,whichisAfrica,ismorethantwicethanIndia’sgrowthrate.Russia,onetheotherhand,hashadnegativegrowthrateinsomeyears.增長率因國家的不同而不同。印度的增長率是中國的2倍。非洲的尼日利亞的增長率是印度的兩倍有多。俄羅斯,正相反,在某些年份有負(fù)的增長率。Whenthecountryhasanegativegrowthrate,itspopulationisdecreasing.L4Unit1-4vocabulary名人和性格Co-founderofapple,thisentrepreneurwasamajorfigureinthecomputerindustry.Hewasself-centeranddifficulttoworkfor,butheledthedevelopmentofmanygreatproducts.Hediedofcancerwhenhewasjust56yearsold.蘋果的創(chuàng)始人,這個企業(yè)家是電腦行業(yè)的主要任務(wù)。他是自我中心的、難以相處的,但是他引領(lǐng)了偉大產(chǎn)品發(fā)展。他因?yàn)榘┌Y而死,死的時候才56歲。JackMaisoneoftherichestandmostfamousmeninchina.Hecomesfromapoorfamilyandfailedhiscollegeentranceexamtwice.Despiteofmanyfailures,hehasbuiltoneoftheworld’slargestinternetcompanies.DavidBeckhamisoneofworld’srichestandfamousathletes.hestartedplayingprofessionalfootballwhenhewasjust17.Muchofhissuccessfulatanathlete,isbecausehepracticeshardthanmanyotherplayers.馬云是中國最富有、最著名的人之一。他來自于一個貧窮家庭,并且在高考失利兩次。盡管有很多失敗,他已經(jīng)創(chuàng)立了世界最大的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司之一。大衛(wèi)貝克漢姆是世界上最富裕最出名的運(yùn)動員,他在他17歲的時候開始踢職業(yè)足球。他作為運(yùn)動員的成功,是因?yàn)樗绕渌\(yùn)動員練習(xí)的更努力。AsayounggirlinPakistan,Malalabecamefamousforherwritingsomewomeneducation.In2012,shewasshotintheheadandnearlykilled.Shesurvivedtheinjuryandbecametheworld’smostfamousteenager.作為巴基斯坦的年輕女孩,馬拉拉因?yàn)樗秊榕越逃龏^筆疾書而出名。在20XX,她被射中腦子,幾近死亡。她從傷病中活了下來,成為了世界上最著名的未成年人。Bornin1942,StephenHockingi