第七節(jié)定語從句中先行詞表示地點、時間或原因時，引導(dǎo)詞不一定是where，when或why逗號后面的引導(dǎo)詞不一定用whichWehaveenteredintoanage dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.(2019·江蘇，21) 答案解析考查定語從句。句意為：我們已經(jīng)進入了一個夢想最有可能實現(xiàn)的時代。分析句子結(jié)anage，空處在定語從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞when。Theirchildisatthe shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfull 答案解析先行詞stage意為“階段”，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語，故用inwhich或者where。故選B。Self-drivingisan andtherestoftheworldareonthesamestarting 答案Sheandherfamilybicycleto helpsthemkeepfit.(2018· 答案解析此處應(yīng)該選A項，which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代逗號前面整個主句的內(nèi)容(她和人；as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，常位于句首且結(jié)構(gòu)相對固定；that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語 sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege，hasgonetoworkin 答案解析句意為：，在大學(xué)時我與姐姐同住一個房間，已經(jīng)去澳大利亞工作了。Kate與sister是所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)用whose引導(dǎo)定語從句。In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme，oneof purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.(2017·江蘇，28) 答案：解析句意為在1963年成立了世界糧食計劃署該組織的一個是減輕世界范：purposeswhosepurposeCThelittleproblems wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreat 答案解析句意為：我們在日常生活中遇到的小問題有可能是偉大發(fā)明的靈感。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可thelittleproblemsthat。as引導(dǎo)定語從句時，多用于thesame...as...，such...as...等結(jié)構(gòu)中；where，when引導(dǎo)定語從句時，Myeldestson， worktakeshimallovertheworld，isinNewYorkatthe 答案解析句意為：我的長子現(xiàn)在在紐約，他的工作讓他全世界到處跑。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺少非限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，且與其后的名詞有所屬關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用whose。12364解題方法三法定關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞who，whom，that，whichwhose，ofwhich或ofwhom；如作when，why，where?？键c 1.IwasborninNewOrleans，Louisiana，acity namewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind. B.of 答案解析考查定語從句。句意為：我出生在路易斯安那州的新奧爾良市，這是一個看到它的名字就會在我們腦海里浮現(xiàn)出一幅綠樹成蔭、青草萋萋的畫面的城市。先行詞cityname之間為所屬關(guān)系，因此用whose作定語。Myfriendshowedmeroundthe wasverykindof 答案解析Thereissomebodywaitingfor Ithinkmightbeoneofyour 答案解析somebodyIthink，可以省略。所以后面的定語從句缺少主語，故使用who指代先行詞在句中作主語。句意為：有人在等你，他可能是你的一個同學(xué)。whom在定語從句中作賓語；which的先行詞不能who和whom指人，who在定語從句中作主語；whom在定語從句中作賓語，在限制性定語從句中可省略。在口語中可用whowhom。whoseofwhich考點 Thebossoftheistryingtocreateaneasyatmosphere hisemployeesenjoytheirwork. 答案解析句意為：該公司的正在努力營造一種輕松的氛圍，這樣他的員工就可以在這種氛aneasyatmosphere，且從句中缺少地點狀語，故要用where。Becauseofthefinancialcrisis，daysaregone local5-starhoscharged6,000yuanforonenight. 答案解析when引導(dǎo)的從句作days的定語。句意為：由于金融，當(dāng)?shù)匚逍羌壘频暌?000Thereason herefusedtoattendthemeetingwasthattheydidn’tgivehimaninvitation 答案解析根據(jù)前置詞thereason可知引導(dǎo)詞需用why，表示“為什么”。句意為：他參加會關(guān)系副詞when，where，why的先行詞是表示時間、地點或原因(reason)的名詞，在Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication，especiallyatworkwhereagoodimpressionisamust.Ididn’t easeriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade，whenIwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語時即使是表示時間地點和原因的詞仍用which/that。3.當(dāng)先行詞為一些表示抽象地點的名詞，如：point，situation，case，stage等，如果引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語常用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句如果不作狀語則用關(guān)系代詞that/which。考點3 Hewrotemanychildren’sbooks，nearlyhalf werepublishedinthe 答案解析句意為：他寫了許多兒童讀物，幾乎有一半的書是在二十世紀(jì)九十年代的。逗號之后是一個修飾children’sbooks的非限制性定語從句，which指代children’sbooks。Inourclassthereare46students， halfwearglasses.A.inwhom B.inthemC.of D.of答案解析ofwhomhalf＝halfofwhom(指代學(xué)生)＝andhalfofthem46個Atlastwereachedalonely abeautifulinfrontofitinfrontofwhichinfrontofitinfrontofwhich答案解析alonelyvillageinfrontof后面缺少賓語，而且定語從句的地點IwishtothankProfessorSmith，withoutwhosehelpIwouldneverhavegotthisWearelookingforthetowhomthebooksome，any，few，little，none，all，both，neither，many，most，each等代詞或數(shù)詞的ofwhich/whom。②the＋或前、后用ofwhich/whom等考點 ManypeoplefixedtheireyesonmewhenImadethatsillymistake， mademerather 答案解析分析句子可知，本句是非限制性定語從句，本句所填的詞，指代前面的整個句子，在Alotoflanguagelearning， hasbeendiscovered，ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife，soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod. 答案解析BD兩項；as引導(dǎo)定語從句譯成“正如，就像”which譯成“這一點”A。句意為：正如人們發(fā)現(xiàn)的，大量的語言關(guān)系代詞aswhich引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，其先行詞都可以是整個主句，指代主句的整個意思。但as和which具有不同的詞義、句法和用法。ThefamousmagicianLiuQian，asweallknow，isfromAsisoftenthecase，girlslikedollswhileboyslikewhichandthis，andthat代替，常譯為Hechangedhismindagain，which(＝andthis/that)madeusallShetoreupmyphotos，which(＝andthat)upsetasweallknow眾所周知；asIcanremember正如我所記得的；asoftenhappens正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣；asweexpect正如我們預(yù)料的那樣；asyousee正如你所見；aswasexpected正如預(yù)料的那樣；ascanbeseen看得出來；asmaybeimagined正如可以那樣；ashasbeensaidabove如上所述；asweallcansee正如我們都能看到的那樣；asisoftenthecase情況常常如此；aseverybodycando正如人人都能做到的那樣。famousBritishjournalistJeremyPaxmantoldBBCNews，ajournalist’snaturalresponsetoanythingistoask“Who，What，Why，Where，andWhen”. 答案解析句意為：正如英國著名·曼告訴BBC的那樣，對任何事情引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，且在從句中作賓語，意為“正如”，應(yīng)用as。故選D。Nomatterhowsmallorunimportantwhatwearengmayseem，ifwedoitwell，itmaysoonetheverystep willleadustobetterthings. 答案解析句意為：不管我們現(xiàn)在所做的事看起來多么微不足道或不重要，如果它做好，句，且先行詞有thevery修飾，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)用that。故選A。 答案解析考查非限制性定語從句句意為正在這家公司其中三位經(jīng)理已經(jīng)被逮捕。 ，從句中缺少定語，故A項正確。Thissemesterourschooloffersmanyoptionalcoursesforthestudents， appealstomanyeachof B.allofC.eachof D.allof答案解析考查“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。句意為：這學(xué)期我們學(xué)校為學(xué)生開設(shè)了很whichB、Cappeals為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故此處應(yīng)為強調(diào)“每一門”，故選A。Hewaseducatedatalocalgr rschool， hewentontoCambridge.A.fromwhich B.afterthatC.after D.from答案解析“他”localgrrschoolCambridgeafterwhich，which指代前面整個主句，引導(dǎo)一個非限制性定語從句，起補充說明作用。句意為：他Successoftencomestothose haveacleargoalandastrongwill! 答案thoseD。句意為：成功往往Thenewbuyeridentifiedadozennewsourcesforthe provedtobemostofmostofmostofmostof答案解析先行詞為sources，指“物”且在定語從句的主語部分“名/代詞＋介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”中作介面加并列連詞and或?qū)⒍禾柛臑榉痔?。Goodparentsturneverymealintoaspecialoccasion theycanusetodisciplinetheir 答案解析aspecialoccasionuse后缺少賓語，故用關(guān)系代詞which。句意為：好父母把每頓飯變成一個特殊的場合，他們可以用來管教自己的OntheDoubleNinthFestival，manyoldpeoplewillgettogether，talkingaboutthepeopleandthethings theycameacrossmanyyearsago. 答案解析“ theycameacrossmanyyearsago”是定語從句修飾thepeopleandthethings，先行詞既有人又有物，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作comeacross的賓語，故用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)該從Itisveryimportantforchildrentohaveaharmoniousschool， teacherstreatstudentsliketheirownchildren. 答案解析先行詞是schoolwhere作關(guān)系詞。句強化練(七Peoplefromallwalksoflifeareeagerforsuccess， lackofconfidence，however，isagreatbarrier.(2019·泰州中學(xué)高三四模) C.to D.beyond答案解析句意為：各行各業(yè)的人都渴望成功，然而，缺乏自信是一個巨大的。此處success是先行詞，指物；agreatbarrierto...對……是一個大的；所以此處用“介詞to＋which”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，故選C。Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivities theycangainexperienceforgrowth.(2019·揚州高三期末) 答案解析—Whoisthemostfamousmartialarts—JinYong， worksdeeplyinfluencedtheculturaldevelopmentof-speakingcommunitiesaroundtheworld.(2019·常州高三期末) 答案解析句意為：——誰是最出名的武俠小說家？——，他的作品深深影響了世界各地華人社區(qū)的文化發(fā)展。此處為非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少定語，故D項正確。Duringtheialn，DonaldTrumprepeatedlyvowedtotearuptheagreement“TheParisClimateAccord”， hesaidwashurtingAmericanworkers. 答案解析用which指代上文的“TheParisClimateAccord”。句意為：在總統(tǒng)大選期間，Wereallyappreciateourlearning wecanhavedirect 答案解析learningenvironmentA、D兩項；先行詞在定語從句中作地點whereB。句意為：我們非常感激我們的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境，在那里我Joinusandyouwilldiscoveranenvironment youcanmakethemostofyourskillsandA.thatB.whereC.how答案解析“youcanmakethemostofyourskillsandtalents”是定語從句，修飾anCheerup！Everyonemayhaveperiodsintheir everythingseems 答案解析wheneverythingseemstoughperiods，本定語從句很完整，且先Blogdiscussionsmaybeclosedtonewcomments，amessageisdisyedinformingyouofthat.inwhat B.inthatC.inwhose D.inwhich答案解析句意為：也許會新的評論，在這種情況下，會有消息通知你的。句中whichcase指代前面一句話的內(nèi)容，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，inwhichcase意為“在這種情況下……”。選項中what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句，that通常不能放在介詞的后面，whose搭配。故DLastmonth，partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods，from effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering. 答案解析先行詞是floods在定語從句中關(guān)系代詞whose指代先行詞在句中作定語修飾effects。10.Childrenwhoarenotactiveor dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly. 答案解析先行詞為children，而children與diet為所屬關(guān)系，故用whose引導(dǎo)定語從句。句意Expertsbelievethatchildrenoughttolearnthehistoryofthecountrytheylivein，and futuretheywill 答案解析這里用形容詞性物主代詞whose指代“這個國家的”，修飾名詞future。句意為：專Don’ttrustsuchpeople praiseyoutoyourfacebutspeakillofyoubehindyourback. 答案解析suchthatas，that后面跟的是完整的句子，as后面跟的是缺as13.2018isthethirdyearof’s13thFive-Year ecologicalcivilizationisanimportantpart.A.of B.inC.for D.on答案解析句意為：2018年的第十三個五年計劃的第三年，生態(tài)文明是其重要組成部分。此處用ofwhich來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，表示所屬關(guān)系。Heworkedinacarfactoryforfouryears， hefoundedhisown inhishometown.A.afterwhich B.afterwhenC.after D.after答案解析句意為：他在一家汽車公司工作了四年，在那以后，在家鄉(xiāng)建立了自己的公司，afterwhich引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，故選A項。Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear， 80%aresoldabroad.A.ofwhich B.whichofC.of D.of答案解析CB選項形式錯誤，D項whom指人，應(yīng)該是指物用which。故選A。句意為：這家工廠每年生產(chǎn)五十萬雙鞋，其中80%都Itwassleeting(雨雪交加).MywifeandIweregoingtodinneratafriend’shouse.Aswehurriedtowardthehouse，withits anothercarwaswaitingto intotheparkingspace.Butbeforehecoulddosoanothercarcameupfrombehind，andsneakedintothe “That’sa(n) Isteppedintothestreettogivethe driverapieceofmymind.Amaninworkclothes thewindow.“Hey，”Isaid，“thisparkingspacebelongstothatguy.”I towardthemanahead，feelingprettymanlyinmynewcoat.“Mustyouget23？”thedriveryelled，“Noneofyour“NoIsaid.“Youdon’tunderstand.Thatfellowwaswaitingforthisspace.Thingsquicklybecame24，untilfinallyheleapedoutofthecar.Thehugeman25meandbentmebackoverthehoodofhiscar.Iwas26.Iscrambled(跌跌撞撞)tomyfriend’sfrontdoor.SeeingthatIwas27，mywifeandfriendsaskedmewhathadhappened.AllIcouldsaywasthatIhadhada(n)28aboutaparkingspace.Theyhadthe29toletitgoatthat.Perhapshalfanhourlater，thedoorbellrang.Iwassuretheguyhadreturnedforme.Myhostessgotuptoanswerit，butIstoppedher.Iwasmorally30toansweritmyself.Iwalkeddownthehalfwaywith31.YetIknewIhadtofaceuptomyfear.Iopenedthedoor.Therehestood，32.“Icamebacktoapologize，”hesaidinalowvoice.“TheBrooklynNavyYardisclosing.I’veworkedthereforyears.AndtodayIgot33.Ihopeyou’llacceptmyapology.”Ioftenrememberthatbigman.Ithinkofthe34andcourageittookforhimtocomeback.Hewasmanathis35.語篇解讀語篇解讀答案解析ing歡迎的，熱情的；warning表示警告的；flashing 答案解析B 答案解析parkingspacespotparkingspace 答案解析前車等著進停車位，而后車卻偷偷溜了進去，這是的做法，故C項正確 答案解析根據(jù)上文情節(jié)可知，那位的行為是的，我上前我的一點想法，故B項21.A.opened B.woundC.rolled D.took答案解析openup打開；windup上足發(fā)條，把(車窗等)搖上；rolldown搖下；takedown記下。坐在車?yán)?，我在車外和他說話，他自然要搖下車窗，故C項正確。 答案解析根據(jù)本空前的“thisparkingspacebelongstothatguy”可知，我勢示意這個車位是前面那個人的，故A項正確。 答案解析根據(jù)本空后的“Noneofyourbusiness！”可知，那個大喊道：“你偏要摻和進來嗎？關(guān)你什么事！”故A項正確。 答案解析根據(jù)下文大塊頭把我按在汽車引擎蓋上可知，事情開始變得緊張起來，故C 答案解析由語境可知，他從車上下來，抓住我并把我按在汽車引擎蓋上，故A 答案解析D“YetIknewIhadtofaceuptomyfear.”也是提示。 答案解析D 答案解析D 答案解析根據(jù)文章情境可知，大家對我說的話都很敏感，看到我這個樣子他們都很擔(dān)心，故 答案解析根據(jù)本空前的“Iwassuretheguyhadreturnedforme.Myhostessgotuptoanswerit，but得一定要自己去解決此事。beboundto一定會，必然，故A項正確。 答案解析根據(jù)本空后的“IknewIhadtofaceuptomyfear.”可知，我知道必須要面對恐懼，這說明我是驚恐地過去的，故C項正確。 答案解析根據(jù)上文中的“Thehugeman”可知，他是一個大塊頭，所以站在那里顯得很高大，故B項正確。33.A.laid B.settledC.entered D.dealt答案解析layoff解雇，；settledown；enterfor參加；dealwith處理。根據(jù)本空前“TheBrooklynNavyYardisclosing.I’veworkedthereforyears.”可知，大塊頭工作的林造船廠即將關(guān)閉，所以他了，故A項正確。 答案解析根據(jù)本空后的“andcourageittookforhimtocomeback”可知，大塊頭回頭向我道歉是需要努力和勇氣的，故C項正確。 答案解析上文說失業(yè)的大塊頭回來向我道歉是需要很大的努力和勇氣的，我認(rèn)為他是一個頂呱呱的男子漢。Hewasmanathisbest表示“他是個頂呱呱的男子漢”，故C項正確。AAmongallthetouristattractionsinSydney，themagnificentOperaHouseistheshiningstar.OnHeritageSiteconsistsofacomplexofroofsshapedlikehugessorbillowingsailsthatmixbeautifullywithitswaterfrontlocation.Todayvisitorscanadmirethegreatbeautyofthebuilding.Muchmorethananoperahouse，the passes(包含theaters，studios，aconcerthall，rehearsal，andreceptionrooms，restaurants，andaspectacularopen-airforecourtoverlookingtheharborandcity.AmericanarchitectLouisKahnoncesaid，“Thesundidnotknowhowbeautifulitslightwas，untilitwasreflectedoffthisbuilding.”TipsandBookseatsforproductionswellinadvance.Performancescommencepromptlysovisitorsshouldallowenoughtimetoaccessthebuilding，collecttickets，andstowcloaks，largebags，andConsiderenjoyingamealinoneoftherestaurantstoenjoythestunningharborviews.OneofthebestsitestophotographtheOperaHouseisMrsMacquarie’sChairintheRoyalBotanicGardensorfromthewateraboardaharborGettingtotheSydneyOperaVisitorscancatchaSydneyBus，travelbyCityRail，orhopaboardaSydneyFerrytoCircularQuay，whichisa5to7minutewalkfromtheSydneyOperaHouse.Ashuttlebusforelderlyandmobility-challengedpatrons(顧客)runsbetweenCircularQuaynearStandE(undertheCahillExpressway)andtheVehicleConcourse.BikeparkingisavailableundertheSydneyOperaHouseMonumentalSteps.Wilson’sSydneyOperaHouseCarParkislocatedat2MacquarieSt，withvehicleaccessnexttotheSydneyOperaHouseForecourt.語篇解讀Admission：Ticketpricesvaryfromattractiontoattraction.Location：BennelongPoint，語篇解讀WhichofthecharacteristicsofSydneyOperaHousemightattractvisitorsItshistoricalItsuniqueItswaterfrontItssuperbharbor答案解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，悉尼歌劇院的屋頂形狀像一個巨大的貝殼或翻騰的帆，與濱水交相輝映，再結(jié)合第二段中的“Todayvisitorscanadmirethegreatbeautyofthe吸引人的地方是其獨特的建筑風(fēng)格，故B項正確。IfyouareavisitortoSydneyOperaHouse，you takeaferrydirectlytoSydneyOperaride shuttlebuswithoutanytakeanequallygoodphotofromanydriveacarto2MacquarieStandpark答案解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Wilson’sSydneyOperaHouseCarParkislocatedat2MacquarieSt，withvehicleaccessnexttotheSydneyOperaHouseForecourt.”可知，悉尼歌2號，車輛可以進入歌劇院前院，也就是參觀悉尼歌劇院的游客可以開車到麥夸里街2號并把車停在那里，故D項正確。BAfterwarminganaturalseabedintheAntarcticOceanbyjust1°or2°Celsius，researchersobservedmassiveimpactsonamarineassemblage(集合)，asgrowthratesnearlydoubled.Thefindingsofwhattheresearcherscall“themostrealisticoceanwarmingexperimenttodate”reportedinCurrentBiologyonAugust31showthattheeffectsoffuturewarmingmayfarexceed“Iwasquitesurprised，”saysGailAshtonoftheBritishAntarcticSurvey(BAS)andSmithsonianEnvironmentalResearchCenter(SERC).“Iwasn’texpectingasignificantobservabledifferenceincommunitieswarmedbyjust1°CintheAntarctic.Ihavespentmostofmycareerworkingintemperateclimateswherecommunitiesexperiencemuchgreatertemperaturefluctuationsandwasn’texpectingsucharesponsetojust1°Cofchange.”Predictinghoworganismsandwholecommunitiesofseawillrespondtoclimatechangeinthefutureremainsamajorchallenge.So，AshtonandhercolleaguesdecidedtoactuallywarmanareaofseabedaroundtheRotheraResearchStationandwatchwhathappened.Theydeployed(有效地利用heatedsettlementpanelstowarmathinlayerofwaterby1°Cor2°Cabovetheambient(周圍的)temperature.Thoseincreasesinglobaltemperatureareexpectedwithinthenext50and100years，Theexperimentshowedthatwitha1°Cincreaseintemperature，asinglepioneerspeciesofbryozoan(苔蘚蟲)—Fenestrulinarugula—tookoff.Thatonespeciesultimaydominatedthecommunitydrivingareductioninoverallspeciesdiversityandevenness平衡)withintwolargerthanthoseunderambientconditions，theresearchersreport.Theresponsesoforganismstoa2°Criseintemperatureweremuchmorevariable.Growth-rateresponsestowarmingdifferedamongspecies，agesandseasons.SpeciesgenerallygrewfasterwithwarmingthroughtheAntarcticsummer.However，differentresponsesamongspecieswereobserveddeclined，theresearchersreport.Theresearcherssaythefindingssuggestthatclimatechangecouldhaveevengreatereffectsonpolarmarineecosystemsthanhadbeenanticipated.Asthenetwarms，therewillbewinners(likethebryozoanFenestrulinarugula)andlosers.Theresearcherssaytheynowntoexpandtheuseofthistechnologytoinvestigatetheresponsetowarminginotherlocationsandcommunities，includingtheArctic.語篇解讀語篇解讀Whatdo