心臟外科常見疾病中英文對照摘要：心臟外科常見疾病中英文名稱對照表。英文縮寫英文全稱中文名稱AFIATRIALHBRILLATION心房纖維顫動AFLATRIALFLU1IbH心房撲動APCATRIALPREMATURECONTRACTIONS心房早期收縮APVABSBJCEOFPULMONARYVALVE肺動脈瓣缺失APVCANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSCONNECTION肺靜脈連接異常APVRANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSRETURN肺靜脈回流異常ARAOFnriCREGURGITATION主動脈瓣關閉不全ASAOFTTICSTENOSIS主動脈瓣狹窄ASDATRIALSEPTALDbFbCI房間隔缺損AVBAVBLOCK,ATRIO-VBMTRICULARBLCXK房室傳導阻滯AVSDATRIOV^TRICULARSEPTALDEFECT房室中膈缺損BAVBlCUSPIDAORTICVALVE雙葉性動脈瓣BTBLALOCK-TAUSSIGSHUNTBT分流術CADCORONARYARTERIALDISEASE冠狀動脈疾病COACOARCTATIONOFTHEAORTA主動脈窄縮DAADOUBLEAOFTTICARCH雙主動脈弓DILVDOUBLE1NLETLEFTVENTRIOLE左心室雙入口DIRVDOUBLEINLETRIGHTVENTRICLE右心室雙入口DCMDILATEDCARDIOMYOPATHY擴張性心肌病變DOLVDOUBLEOUTLETLEFTVENTRICLE左心室雙出口DORVDOUBLEOUTLETRIGHTVENTRICLE右心室雙出口DYSDYSRHYTHMIA節(jié)律異常、心律不整EBSEBSTEIN'SANOMALYEBSTEIN氏畸形

ECDENDOCARDIALCUSHIONDEFBJT心內膜墊缺損HCMHYPERTROPHICCARDIOMYOPATHY肥厚型心肌病變HLHSHYPOPLASTICLEFTHEAFTTSYNDROME左心發(fā)育不良綜合征HLVHYPOPLASTICLEFTVENTRICLE左心室發(fā)育不全HRVHYPOPLASTICRIGHTVENTRICLE右心室發(fā)育不全IAA1NTERRUFTIONOFAORTICARCH匕動脈弓中斷IEINFECTIVEBJDOCARDITIS感染性心內膜炎IHSS1DIOPATHICHYPEFTTROPHICSUBAORTICSTENOSIS特發(fā)性肥厚性主動脈瓣下狹窄JPCJUNCTIONALPREMATURECONTRACTION房室節(jié)早期收縮KDKAWASAKI'SDISEASE川崎病LAALEFTAORTICARCH左主動脈弓LAILEFTATRIALISOMERISM兩側左心房LARLEFTATRIALRHYTHM左心房節(jié)律LCALEFTCORONARYARTERYDISEASE左冠狀動脈疾病LSVCLEFTSUPERIORVENACAVA左上腔靜脈MAMlTRALATRESIA,MlTRALVALVEATRESIA二尖瓣閉鎖MAPCAMAINAORTOPULMONARYCOLLATERALARTERIES聯(lián)接主動脈與肺間的側枝血管MRMITRALREGURGITATION二尖瓣關閉不全MSMITRALSTENOSIS二尖瓣狹窄MVPMITRALVALVEPROLAPSE二尖瓣脫垂PAPULMONARYATRESIA肺動脈瓣閉鎖PABPULMONARYARTERYBANDING(PABANDING)肺動脈繃扎PAPVCPARTIALANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSCONNECTION部份肺靜脈連接異常PAPVRPARTIALANOMALOUSPULMONARYVBOJSRETURN部份肺靜脈回流異常PDAPATENTDUCTUSAFTTERIOSUS動脈導管未閉PEPERICARDIALEFFUSION心包膜積水PFOPATBJTFORAMENOVALE開放性卵圓孔PHTPULMONARYARTERYHYPERTENSION肺動脈高壓

PRPULMONICREGURGITATION肺動脈瓣關閉不全ps\/rPAROXYMALSUPRAVENTRICULARTACHYCARDIA陣發(fā)性室上性心搏過速PSPULMONICSTENOSIS肺動脈瓣狹窄PVOPULMONARYVENOUSOBSTRUCTION肺靜脈阻塞RAARIGHTAORTICAFICH右主動脈弓RAIRIGHTATRIAL1SOMERISM兩側右心房RCARIGHTCORONARYAFTTERYDISEASE右冠狀動脈疾病RCCRIGHTCORONARYCUSPPROLAPSE,RCCPROLAPS右冠狀動脈瓣脫垂RDSRESPIRATORTDISTRESSDISEASESYNDROME呼吸窘迫癥候群RFRHEUMATICFEVER風濕熱RHDRHEUMATICHEARTDISEASE風濕性心臟病SASINGLEATRIUM單心房SBESUBACUTEBACTERIALENDOCARDITIS亞急性細菌性心內膜炎SSSSICKSINUSSYNDROME病竇癥候群SVSINGLEVENTRICLE單心室TATRICUSPIDATRESIA,TRICUSPIDVALVEATRESIA三尖瓣閉鎖TAPVCTOTALANOMALOUSPULMONARYVBMOUSCONNECTION全部肺靜脈連接異常TAPVRTOTALANOMALOUSPULMONARYVENOUSRETURN全部肺靜脈回流異常TGATRANSPOSITlONOFTHEGREATARTERIES大動脈轉位TOFTETRALCX3YOFFALLOT法洛氏四聯(lián)癥TRTRICUSPIDREGURGITATION三尖瓣關閉不全TSTRICUSPIDSTENOSIS三尖瓣狹窄VPCVENTRICULARPREMATURECONTRACTION心室早期收縮VSDVENTRICULARSEPTALDEFECT室間隔缺損WFWWOLFF-PARKINSON-WHITESYNDROMEWPW癥候群CARDIACHIBERNATION心臟冬眠CARDIACSTUNNING心臟頓抑

aspirin阿司匹林MedicalEquipment（醫(yī)療器械）ambulance救護車ampoule 安馥bandage 繃帶cannula 套管，插管defibrillator除顫器dressing 敷料forceps 鉗子gauze 紗布mask 口罩needle 針scissors 剪刀syringe 注射器thermometer體溫計wipes 棉球besiderails 床欄hemostaticforceps止血鉗icebag 冰袋laryngoscope喉鏡sandbag 沙袋sphygmomanometer血壓計stethoscope聽診器pacemaker 起搏器capsule膠囊dextrose右旋糖，葡萄糖diazepam安定dopamine多巴胺fursemide吹塞米penicillin青霉素bloodbank血庫cardiology心內科cardiovascularsurgery心血管夕卜科in-patientdepartment住院部laboratorydepartment化驗科nursingdepartment護理部out-patientdepartment（OPD）門診registration掛號處operating-room手術室waiting-room候診室testtube試管NURSING護理first/second/thirdclassattendance-級/二級/三級護理continualoxygenuptake持續(xù)吸氧interruptedoxygenuptake間斷吸氧take/check/testbloodpressure測血壓Medicine（常用藥物）Departmentofahospital（醫(yī)院科室）alcohol酒精ascorbicacid維生素ctaketemperature測體溫hypoglycemia低血糖癥hyperglycemia高血糖hyperlipemia高血脂heartrate心率pulse脈搏temperature體溫respiration呼吸dryrale干啰音moistrale濕啰音heartbeat心跳heartsound心音heartmurmur心臟雜音coma昏迷shock休克vitalsigns生命體征stateofhealth健康狀況artery動脈wrist手腕brachial臀部的auscultation聽診percussion叩診palpation觸診inquiry問診inspection望診generalchecking-up全身檢查follow-upexamination隨訪檢查consultation會診diagnosis診斷recovery康復relapse復發(fā)focus(復foci)病灶X-rayexaminationX線檢查Acidosis酸中毒Administrationn.給藥Admissionn.入院Allergic過敏的，患過敏癥的Anesthesian.麻醉Antibioticn.抗生素Anus肛門Asthma哮喘Bedpan便盆Bedsore壓瘡Bloodtransfusion輸血Bowel腸Cuff袖帶Diabetesmetabolism糖尿病Neurosis神經(jīng)官能癥Viralmyocarditis病毒性心肌炎閉式引流一closeddrainage肥皂水灌腸一soapsudsenema濕熱敷一applyinghotsocks冷敷一applyingcoldcompresses酒精擦浴一givinganalcoholspongebath皮內注射一endermicinjection皮下注射一hypertonicinjection肌內注射一intramuscularinjection輸血一bloodtransfusion輸血漿一plasmatransfusion禁食一absolutediet(fasting)普食一fulldiet流質飲食一liquiddiet低蛋白飲食一low-proteindiet備皮一shavingthepatient飛skin(shinprep)麻醉一anesthesia術前準備一preparingthepatientforthesurgery術后護理一postoperativecare用彈性繃帶一applyelasticbandages心肺復蘇一cardiopulmonaryresuscitation實驗室檢查completebloodcount(CBC)全血細胞計數(shù)(血常規(guī))Redbloodcellcount(RBC)紅細胞計數(shù)Whitebloodcellcount(WBC)白細胞計數(shù)Hematocrit(HCT)紅細胞壓積/比容Bloodureanitrogen(BUN)血尿素氮liverfunctiontest(LFTs)肝功能測試「liv「][「f「Ok「「n][test]Kidneyfunction腎功能[「kidni]activatedpartialthromboplastintime(APTT)部分活性凝血時間[任也jyaU[「P。：「「1][田「「mbr'plaestin]Prothrombintime(PT)凝血酶原時間internationalnormalizedratio(INR)國際標準比率：「int「「nae「「n「l][「n「:m「lai「zei「「n][rreirru]highdensitylipoprotein(HDL)高密度脂蛋白lowdensitylipoproteine(LDL)低密度脂蛋白arterialbloodgas(ABG)動脈血氣[gaes]ultrasound超聲echocardiography心臟彩超[ek「uka：di'rflr「fi]abdominalultrasound腹部超聲holtermonitor(Holter)24小時動態(tài)心電圖「m「nit「]cardiacstresstest心臟運動試驗Stres]X-rayX線檢查Chestx-ray(CXR)胸片magneticresonanceimaging(MRI)核磁共振影像[maegfnetik][「rez「n「ns]angiogram血管造影computedtomography(CT)計算機斷層掃描術chestCT胸部CTheadCT腦部CT[hed]IncreaseCTscan增強CT掃描micropump微量泵bloodgasanalysis血氣分析openingsnap:開瓣音|二尖瓣開放拍擊音|開放拍節(jié)音murmur[Jma:ma]雜音CK-MB 肌酸激酶同工酶(creatinekinase-MB)troponin[?troponin,1trau-]n.肌鈣蛋白bloodculture血培養(yǎng)radiograph[9reidisugrarf,-graef]n.射線照片；X光照片chestradiograph:胸片|線檢查HolterECGmonitoring:動態(tài)心電圖cardiaccatheterization:心導管檢查coronaryangiography:冠狀血管造影術percutaneoustransluminalcoronaryangioplasty:經(jīng)皮腔內冠脈成形術Radiofrequencycatheterablation:經(jīng)導管射頻消融Percutaneousintracoronarystentimplantation:經(jīng)皮穿刺冠狀動脈內支架安置術cardioversion:心臟電復律defibrillation:除顫ejectionfraction(EF)射血分數(shù)科室心血管外科門診CardiovascularSurgeryClinic門診OutpatientDept.掛號處Registration門診治療室OutpatientTreatmentRoom診室1ConsultationRoom1急診科EmergencyDept.急診搶救室EmergencyRoom藥房Pharmacy灌腸室EnemaRoom換藥室DressingRoom采血室Bloodcollectionroom客服中心CustomerService內科診區(qū)InternalMedicineConsultingArea內科病房InternalMedicineWard內科InternalMedicineDept./InternalMedicine心臟內科cardiology心臟外科cardiacsurgery夕卜科SurgeryDept./Surgery手術室operatingroom(OR)第一手術室OperatingRoom(1)麻醉恢復室AnesthesiaRecoveryRoom麻醉準備室AnesthesiaPreparationRoom外科病房SurgeryWard小兒心臟科PediatricCardiologyDept.放射科RadiologyDept./RadiologyCT室CTRoomCT檢查室CTExaminationRoom數(shù)字減影DigitalSubtraction(DSA)磁共振室MagneticResonance(MR)RoomDR攝片室DigitalRadiography(DR)Room導管室CatheterRoom登記處Registration化驗室Laboratory/Lab血液常規(guī)化驗室RoutineTestLabofBloodSample血生化BiochemicalTestofBlood超聲科UltrasonographyDept.心電圖室ECGRoom病案科MedicalRecordsDept.供應室SupplyRoom病理Pathology病房Ward病區(qū)InpatientArea輸血科BloodTransfusionDept.血庫BloodBank護理部NursingDept./Nursing醫(yī)務部(處)MedicalAdministrationDivision護理部NursingDept.計算機中心ComputerCenter信息科/信息辦公室InformationCenter/InformationOffice病案室MedicalRecordsRoom圖書館Libra寸心電圖Electrocardiogram(ECG)心電圖[i「lektr「u「ka：di「graBm]NormalECG正常心電圖[「n「：m「l]AbnormalECG不正常心電圖[aeb'n「:m「l]Sinusrhythm(SR)竇性心律['sainrs][rridrm]Sinustachycardia竇性心動過速['sainrs][rtski'kaidir]Sinusbradycardia竇性心動過緩['sainrs][braedi'kaidir]Sinusarrhythmia竇性心律不齊['sainrs][r'riGmir]Sinusarrest竇性停搏「sain「s]"rest]SinusrhythmwithshortPR竇性心律PR間期縮短['sainrs][rridrm][wid][rr：t]Sicksinussyndrome(SSS)病態(tài)竇房結綜合征[sik]['sain「s]['sindrrtim]Atrialflutter(AF)心房撲動['eitrid]['flrfr]Atrialfibrillation(Af)心房顫動['eitriH][rfaibri'leirrn]Ventricularflutter心室撲動[ven'trikjulr]['flrtr]Ventricularfibrillation(VF)心室顫動[ven'trikjulr][rfaibri'leirrn]Rightbundlebranchblock(RBBB)右束支阻滯[rait]['brndl][bra：ntr][blrk]Completerightbundlebranchblock(CRBBB)完全右束支阻滯[k「m'pli：t][rait][rbrndl][bra：ntr][blrk]Incompleterightbundlebranchblock不完全右束支傳導阻滯[rinkrm'pli：t][rait][pbrndl][bra：ntr][blrk]Firstdegreeatrioventricularblock(AVB)一度房室阻滯[f「：st][di'gri：][「eitri「□ven'trikjulr][blrk]Seconddegreeatrioventricularblock二度房室阻滯['sekrnd][di'gri：][「eitri「uven'trikjulr][bl「k]Thirddegreeatrioventricularblock三度房室阻滯[3「:d][di'gri：][reitriruven'trikjulr][blrk]SeconddegreetypeI/IIatrioventricularblock二度I/II型房室阻滯['sekrnd][di'gri：][taip][reitriruven'trikjHr][blrk]Leftventricularhypertrophy(LVH)左室肥厚[left][ven'trikjulr][hai'pr-trrfi]rightventricularhypertrophy(RVH)右室肥厚rait][ven'trikjulr][hai'pr：trrfi]Biventricularhypertrophy雙室肥厚[「baiven'trikjul"[hai'pptrrfi]WideQRSrhythmQRS波增寬[waidH「ri6rH1]ProlongedQTQT間期延長[pr「'Ed]InvertedTwavesT波倒置[in'vptid][weiv]PathologicalQwave病理性Q波[rpaeOr'IrdrikH][weiv]Acutemyocardialinfarction(AMI)急性心肌梗死[r'kju：t][rmair'ka：diH][in'fa：krrn]Oldinferiormyocardialinfarction陳舊性下壁心梗[ruld][in'firrir][[in'fa：krrn]Acuteanteriormyocardialinfarction急性前壁心肌梗死>rkju：t][aen'tirrir][「mai「'ka：dirl][in'fa：krrn]Acuteinferiormyocardialinfarction急性下壁心肌梗死[rrkiu：t][in'firrir][「mai「'ka：dirl][in'fa：krrn]Acuteposteriormyocardialinfarction急性后壁心肌梗死[rrkju：t][prs'tirrir][rmair'ka：dirl][in'fa：krrn]STelevationST段抬高[r?lirvei「「n]AcuteSTelevationmyocardialinfarction(STEMI)急性ST段抬高型心梗[rrkju：t][reli'vei「「n][「mai「'ka：di「l][in'fci：k「「n]AcuteNon-STelevationmyocardialinfarction(NSTEMI)急性非ST段抬高型心?！竢kju：t][nrn][「eli'vei「「n][「mai「'ka：di「l][in'fa：krrn]ST-TchangingST-T改變[,treindHo]Escapebeat逸搏[is'keip][bi：t]Escaperhythm逸搏節(jié)律[is'keip]['ridrm]Atrialescapebeat房性逸搏[is'keip][bi：t]Junctionalescapebeat交界性逸搏[,drrOkrrnl][is'keip][bi：t]Ventricularescapebeat室性逸搏[ven'trikjulr][is'keip][bi：t]VentricularTachycardia(VT)室性心動過速[ven'trikjulr][rt￡ki'ka：dir]Paroxysmalventriculartachycardia陣發(fā)性室性心動過速[rpaBrrk'sizmH][ven'trikjulr][rtaeki'ka^ir]ParoxysmalSupraVentricularTachycardia(PSVT)陣發(fā)性室上性心動過速[「paer「k'sizmrl]['su：prr][ven'trikjulr][rtaBki'ka：dir]Lowvoltage低電壓[l[-u][rvrultidr]Leftaxisdeviation電軸左偏Jeft][「aeksis][「cH：virei「「n]Rightaxisdeviation電軸右偏[rait][raeksis][rdi：vireirrn]Pacemakersignal起搏脈沖信號['peisrmeikr]['signH]BorderlineECG邊緣心電圖(介于正常與不正常之間)Jb「：d「「lain]LastECG臨終心電圖[la：st]Wolf-Parkinson-White(WPW)WPW(預激)綜合癥[wulf]['pa：kins|-n][wait]Earlyrepolarization(ER)過早復極[['ri：p「ul「rai'zei「「n]Prematureatrialcontraction(PAC)房性期前收縮|「prem「「tru「]['eitriH][krnrfraekr(r)n]Prematureventricularcontraction(PVC)室性期前收縮rpremrrtNr][ven'trikjulr][krnrtraekr(r)n]Junctionalprematurecontraction交界性期前收縮['drrOkrrnI][rpremrrtrurl[k「n「traekr(r)n]Bigeminy二聯(lián)律[bairdremini]Trigeminy三聯(lián)律[trai'dHmini]highdegreeAVblock高度房室傳導阻滯[hai][dirsri：][ei][vi：][blrk]AVdissociation房室分離[ei][vi：][dirs「usi'ei「「n]常見臨床表現(xiàn)1、1、pain疼痛［pein］2、chestpain胸痛［trest］［pein］3、abdominalpain腹痛［aeb'd「minrl］4、nausea惡心［「n「：zi「，「n「:si「］5、dryretching干嘔；drai］［'retHo］6、vomit嘔吐7、vomitus嘔吐物［'vi-mitrs］8、tachypnea呼吸過速［taekip'ni：「］9、dyspnea呼吸困難［disprni：rl10、orthopnoea端坐呼吸［,「：e「up'ni：「］11、apnea呼吸暫停、窒息［aep'ni：r］12、shortnessofbreath呼吸短促r-tnis］［bre0］13、cough咳嗽［k「f］14、drycough干咳15、sputum痰「spju：trm］16、frothysputum泡沫樣痰「fr「Si］［'spju：trm］17、nosebleed鼻出血「n「uzbli：d］18、headache頭疼「hedeik］19>dizziness頭暈［rdizini：s］20、syncope暈厥rsigkrpi］21>coma昏迷［'k「um「］22>hypertension高血壓；「haip「「ten「「n］23、highbloodpressure高血壓24>hypotension低血壓「haip「u「ten「「n］25、lowbloodpressure低血壓［l|-u］26、thirst口渴［6「:st］27>fever發(fā)燒［28>palpitation心'悸［「paelpi'tei「巾］29>angina心絞痛|aen「gain「］30^insomnia失眠［infsrmni「］31、constipation便秘［「k「nsti'pei「「n］32>diarrhea腹瀉［rdaic'ri。33、polyuria多尿34、oliguria少尿［「li'gjurfi「］35、anuria無尿［「「nju「ri「］36、edema浮腫、水腫［i：d：m「］37、pittingedema凹陷性水腫［'pitio］［i：'di：mr］38、allergy過敏［「aelrd用39>cyanosis紫綃，發(fā)結［「sai「'nrusis］40^fatigued疲乏無力的[fr'ti：gd]Surgicalcare

外科護理Preoperativecare術前護理Preoperativecare術前護理preoperativeguidance術前指導takebloodpressure測血壓preoperativeskinpreparation術前備皮enema灌腸crossmatching交叉配血試驗skinsensitivitytest皮試catheterization導尿administrationbeforesurgery手術前給藥echocardiography超聲心動圖ECG心電圖chestX-ray胸片laboratorytests實驗室檢查Postoperativecare術后護理cheekvitalsigns測量生命體征Pulse脈搏Temperature體溫Respiratory呼吸BP-bloodpressure血壓administration/givedrugs給藥giveIVfluids靜脈補液ECGmonitoring心電監(jiān)測nutrition/dietcare飲食護理personalandoralhygiene個人及口腔衛(wèi)生oxygeninhalation吸氧sputumaspirator吸痰atomization霧化cathetercare尿管護理skincare-preventbedsore皮膚護理一預防褥瘡preventionofDVT(deepveinthrombosis)預防深靜脈血栓input-outputcharting計出入量documentation護理記錄physicaltherapy體療ventilatorcare呼吸機護理pacemakercare起搏器護理常用藥腎上腺素一adrenaline[「'dr「:nla「n]去甲腎上腺素一noradrenalineLn「：rr'dren「l「n]異丙腎上腺素一isoprenaline[,arSrrPrenHrn]多巴胺一dopamine['d「「p「m「：n]阿托品—atropine「3Btr「p「n]硝酸甘油一nitroglycerin[,na「tr「「'gl「SrT「：n]罌粟堿一papaverine[p「'paev「r「:n，-r「n/-'perv-]胃復安（甲氧氯普胺）一metoclopramidedihydrochloride西地蘭一deslanoside胺碘酮（可達龍）—amiodarone硝普鈉一sodiumnitroprusside[,S「「d「「m]維拉帕米-verapamilLvrfFpaem「I]地西泮一diazepam[daraezipaem]嗎啡一morphine「m「rf「：n/'m「:一]哌替咤一pethidine['peGrdrn]芬太尼一fentanyl異丙嗪一promethazine[pr「「'me8「z「：n]尼可剎米一nikethamide洛貝林Tobeline['l「「b「l「：n]可待因一kodeine/codeine」k「「d「：n]氨茶堿一aminophylline[「,m「：n「「'f「I「:n]吠塞米一furosemide甘露醇一mannitol「maen「trl]肝素一heparin「heprr「n]魚精蛋白一protamine [*pr「「t「m「：n,-m：n]氫化可的松一hydrocortisone[,ha「dr「「'k「：tfz「「n]地塞米松一dexamethasone[,deksr'me?「S「rn]強地松一prednisone「predn「s「「n]甲強龍一solu-medrol胰島素一insulin 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membraneoxygenation(ECMO體外膜肺氧合fractionofinspiredoxygen(FiO2)吸入氧濃度intermittentpositivepressureventilation(IPPV)間斷正壓通氣CPAP持續(xù)正壓通氣positiveendexpiratorypressure(PEEP) 呼氣末正壓通氣IMV間歇指令通氣SIMV 同步間歇指令通氣CMV 容量控制BE剩余堿intensivecareunit(ICU)重癥監(jiān)護病房centralvenouspressure(CVP)中心靜脈壓systolicbloodpressure(SBP收縮壓diastolicbloodpressure(DBP)舒張壓MAP 平均動脈壓PCWP 肺動脈楔壓LVEDP左室舒張末壓oxygentensioninarterialblood(PaO2) 動脈血氧分壓carbondioxidetensioninarterialblood(PaCO2)動脈二氧化碳分壓SvO2混合靜脈血氧飽和度cardiacoutput(CO)心排出量cardianindex(CI)心排血指數(shù)patch補片valvereplacement瓣膜置換mechanicalvalve機械瓣biologicalvalve生物瓣anticoagulanttherapy抗凝治療thrombolytictherapy溶栓治療pulmonaryarterybanding(PAB)肺動脈環(huán)縮術arterialswitchoperation(ASO)動脈調轉術doubleswitchprocedure雙調轉術Glenn雙上腔靜脈一肺動脈吻合術Fontan雙側雙向腔靜脈一肺動脈吻合術TCPC全腔靜脈一肺動脈連接intra-aorticballoonspump(IABP)主動脈內球囊反搏percutaneoustransluminalcoronaryangioplasty(PTCA)經(jīng)皮腔內冠狀動脈成形術Coronaryarerybypassgrafting(CABG)冠狀動脈旁路移intubation氣管插管tracheotomy 氣管切開digitalistoxicity洋地黃中毒paradoxicalpulse奇脈lowcardiacoutput(LCO)低心輸出量lowoutputsyndrome(LOS)低心排綜合征systemicvascularresistance(SVR)體循環(huán)阻力(外周)systemicbloodflow(Qs)體循環(huán)血量pulmonaryvascularresistance(PVR)肺循環(huán)阻力pulmonarybloodflow(Qp)肺循環(huán)血量ventricularassistdevice(VAD)心室輔助裝置permanentpacemaker永久起搏器heartmonitor心電監(jiān)護儀ventilator呼吸機ambulatoryelectrocardiography(AECG) 動態(tài)心電圖transoesophagealechocardiography(TEE) 經(jīng)食道超聲心動圖magneticresonanceimaging(MRI)磁共振成像pneumothorax氣胸hydrothorax胸腔積液thoracenthesis胸腔穿刺術pericardialeffusion(pe)心包積液subcutaneousemphysema皮下氣腫hemoglobinuria血紅蛋白尿hematuria血尿bloodystool血便ventriculardilatation心室擴大cardiactamponade心臟壓塞angiotensin-covertingenzymeinhibitor(ACEI)血管緊張素轉換酶抑制劑vasodilator血管擴張劑beta-blockersB-受體阻滯劑calciumchannelblocker鈣通道阻滯劑bloodculture血培養(yǎng)bloodgas血氣PTT凝血酶原時間PTA凝血酶原活動度INR國際標準化值cardiacenzymes心肌酶ischemicheartdiseaserheumaticheartdisease(RHD)風心病heartfailure(HF)心力衰竭congestiveheartfailure(CHF)充血性心力衰竭pulmonaryedema肺水腫atelactasis肺不張paroxysmalnocturaldyspnea夜間陣發(fā)性呼吸困難hemorrhage出血suddendeath猝死m(xù)edicalorder醫(yī)囑generalanesthesia全麻diuretic利尿劑cardiotonic強心藥antihypertensive降壓藥dessectinganeurysm夾層動脈瘤cerebralembolism腦栓塞cerebralanoxia腦缺氧Downsyndrome唐氏綜合癥femoralartery股動脈radialartery槎動脈缺血性心臟病心外科常見病CHDcongenitalheartdisease先天性心臟病[krn'drenrtl][ha：t][dr'zr：z]VSDventricularseptaldefect室間隔缺損[ven'tr「kj「什]「septel]['di：fekt]ASDatrialseptaldefect房間隔缺損['a：atrialseptaldefect-ostiumsecundum(secundumASD)繼發(fā)孔房缺[sr'krndrm]atrialseptaldefect-ostiumprimum(primumASD)原發(fā)孔房缺['prarmrm]atrialseptaldefect-sinusvenosusdefect(sinusvenosusASD)靜脈竇型房缺「sa「n「sH'v「：nrs]PFOpatentforamenovale卵圓孔未閉「paetnt/'pertnt][fr'reimrn]PAVDatrioventricularcanaldefect-partial部分房室間隔缺損[,eitr「「「ven'trikj「l「][kr'nael]['parH/'pa：-]CAVDatrioventricularcanaldetect-complete完全房室間隔缺損[k.m'pli：t]PHpulmonaryhypertension肺動脈高壓「p「lm「nr「][,ha「p「'ten「「n]TGAtranspositionofthegreatarteries大動脈轉位[,tragnsp「'z「「n]「。：t「r「]cTGAcorrectedtranspositionofthegreatarteries矯正型大動脈轉位[k「'rekt]SVsingleventricle單心室「s「rjgl]「ventr「kl]TOFtetralogyofEallot法洛四聯(lián)癥[te'traelrdri]overridingaorta主動脈騎跨[,「rv「'ra「dHe「'「：tr]rightventricularhypertrophy右心室肥厚[ven'tr「kj「l「][ha「'p「rtr「「f「/-'p「：t-]PDApatentductusarteriosus動脈導管未閉['paetnt/'pertnt]['drktrs][a:'t「r「:rrSrs]TAPVDtotalanomalouspulmonaryvenousdrainage全肺靜脈異位引流[r'nrmHrs]【'p「lm「nr「]['v「：n「s]['drernrdr]PAPVDpartialanomalouspulmonaryvenousdrainage部分肺靜脈異位引流['par「I/'pa:一]DORVdoubleoutletrightventricle右室雙出口「d「bl]['aptlet]['ventrrkl]DCRVdoublechamberedrightventricle右室雙腔心rightventricularanomalousmusclebundle右室異常肌束「b「ndl]LVOTOrightventricularoutflowobstruction右室流出道梗阻['a「tfl「「][O'str「krn]Eisenmenger'ssyndrome艾森曼格綜合癥['arsrn,meorez]「s「ndr「「m]Ebstein'sanomaly三尖瓣下移畸形[「'n「mHr]Cortriatriatum三房心「k「：]aneurysm動脈瘤「aenju：riz「m]leftatrialmyxomas左房粘液瘤[m「k's「「m「]dissectinganeurysm夾層動脈瘤[d「'sekt]ruptureofaorticsinusalaneurysm主動脈竇瘤破裂[T「pt「「(r)][er'r:tik]['sa「nrsl]PTApermanenttruncusarteriosus永存動脈干]'p「rm「n「t/'p「：m-]rheumaticheartdisease風濕性心臟病[ru：,maetrk]valvularheartdisease心臟瓣膜病I'vaelvj「I「]

Alaorticinsufficiency主動脈瓣關閉不全[,「ns「'f「「ns「]ASaorticstenosis(valve)主動脈瓣狹窄[st「'n「「sis]aorticstenosis-subvalvular主動脈瓣狹窄-瓣下型aorticstenosis-supravalvular 主動脈瓣狹窄-瓣上型[,su：prr'vaelvjrlr]CoAcoarctationoftheaorta主動脈縮窄[k「「'a：ktei「n][e「'「：t「]Mlmitralinsufficiency二尖瓣關閉不全['ma「tr「l][,「ns「'f「「ns「]MSmitralstenosis二尖瓣狹窄MVPmitralvalveprolapse二尖瓣脫垂【vaelv][prrr'laeps/'prrHaeps]Tltricuspidinsufficiency三尖瓣關閉不全[tra」krsprd]TStricuspidstenosis三尖瓣狹窄TAtricuspidatresia三尖瓣閉鎖：Hr]PSpulmonarystenosis肺動脈瓣狹窄PApulmonaryatresia肺動脈閉鎖absentpulmonaryvalve肺動脈瓣缺如」aebs「nt]coronaryarteryfistula冠狀靜脈瘦['a：anomalouscoronaryartery冠狀動脈起源異常[「'n「m「l「s]APWaortopulmonarywindow肺動脈窗[e-「："JprlmmEcoronaryarterydisease冠心病endocarditis心內膜炎Lend「「ka:'da「t「s]dextrocardia右位心[,dekstr「'ka：'d「]心外科常見手術Atrialseptaldefectrepair房缺修補Ventricularseptaldefectrepair室缺修補TotalrepairoftetralogyofEallot法四根治Rightventricularoutflowtractaugmentation右室流出道加寬Pulmonaryarterybandremoval肺動脈交界切開Rightventricularinfundibulectomy右室漏斗部切除Repairofdoubleoutletrightventricle右室雙出口修復Repairoftotalanomalouspulmonaryveins全肺靜脈異位引流修復Repairoftransposition大動脈轉位修復Coarctationrepair主動脈縮窄修復Aorticvalvuloplasty主動脈瓣成形Aorticvalvereplacement主動脈瓣置換Subaorticstenosisresection主動脈瓣下狹窄切除Mitralvalvuloplasty二尖瓣成形Mitralvalvereplacement二尖瓣置換Tricuspidvalvuloplasty三尖瓣成形Tricuspidvalvereplacement三尖瓣置換TricuspidvalverepositioningforEbsteinanomalyEbstein畸形三尖瓣折疊RossprocedureRoss手術Repairofaorto-pulmonarywindow主肺動脈窗修補Ftepairofcortriatriatum三房心修復術Wstemictopulmonaryarteryshunt體肺動脈分流術Arterialswitchoperation心房調轉手術Arterialswitchoperation動脈調轉手術心血管內科常用英文Symptoms癥狀chestdistress胸悶breathlessness氣促precordialchestpain心前區(qū)胸痛retrosternallychestpain胸骨后胸痛occasionallyepigastricorintersc叩ular上腹部的/肩胛間的senseofimpendingdeath瀕死感Signs體征Vitalsigns生命體征pulserate脈律droppedbeat脈搏短細temperature:fever/clammyperipheries四肢濕冷lossofconsciousness,unconsciousness意識喪失ticoflimbs四肢抽搐gatism,urinaryandfecalincontinence大小便失禁cardiac叩ex(4/5thICS-MCLordisplacedlaterally)心尖thrill震顫cardiacdilatation心臟擴大largerightatrium右房大dilatedleftventricle左室大heartsounds:S1,S2,S3,S4gallop奔馬律，systolicclick收縮期卡嗒音，openingsnap(二尖瓣)開瓣音,pericardialknock心包叩擊音heartmurmur心臟雜音systolic/diastolic/continouscrescendo/decrescendo遞增/遞減pitch音調quality性質pericardialfrictionrub,pericardialrub心包摩擦音inspiratorycrepitationsoverthelungbases,basalcrackles月初正濕口羅音wheezingrale哮鳴音cardiomegaly心臟肥大elevatedvenouspressuredistentionofjugularvein,jugularfilling,jugularvaricosity頸靜脈怒張/充盈hepatojugularrefluxsign肝頸靜脈回流征ascites腹水edemaoflowerextremity下肢水腫Hypertensivedisease高血壓病sphygmomanometer；bloodpressuregauge,BPG血壓計stethoscope聽診器hypertension：primaryhypertension；secondaryhypertension；chronickidneydisease,CKDdrugs:non-steroidanti-inflammatorydrug,NSAID非俗體類抗炎藥glucocorticosteroids糖皮質激素mineralcorticoid,MCH鹽皮質激素hyperthyrea,hyperthyroidism,hyperthyrosis甲狀腺功能亢進sleepapneasyndrome睡眠呼吸暫停綜合征diabetesmellitus糖尿病coarctationofaorta,COA主動脈縮窄isolatedsystolichypertension單純收縮期高血壓hypertensiveemergencies高血壓急癥hypertensiveurgencies高血壓亞急癥hypertensivecrisis高血壓危象hypertensiveencephalopathy高血壓性腦病Thecoronarycirculationleftanteriordescendingartery,LADleftcircumflexcoronaryartery,LCXrightcoronaryartery,RCACoronaryarterydisease;coronaryheartdisease,CAD,CHD冠心病atherosclerosis動脈粥樣硬化atheromatousplaques動脈粥樣斑塊plaquerupture斑塊破裂anginapectoris心絞痛stableanginapectoris穩(wěn)定性心絞痛variantanginapectoris變異性心絞痛silentmyocardialischemia無癥狀心肌缺血（latentcoronaryheartdisease隱匿性冠心?。﹎yocardialbridging心肌橋post-infarctionanginapectoris梗死后心絞痛acutecoronarysyndrome,ACS急性冠脈綜合征unstableanginapectoris,UAP不穩(wěn)定心絞痛rest靜息型，new/initial初發(fā)型，accelerated惡化型acutemyocardialinfarction,AMI急性心肌梗死non-STsegmentelevationMl,NSTEMISTsegmentelevationMl,STEMIsuddencardiacdeath,SCD心臟性猝死dysfunction/ruptureofpapillarymuscle乳頭肌功能不全/斷裂ruptureofchordaetendineae腿索斷裂ruptureoftheheart.cardiacrupture心臟破裂embolism栓塞（systemic體循環(huán)的）cardiacaneurysm心臟室壁瘤postinfarctionsyndrome心肌梗死后綜合征Fourchambers:left/rightatrium/ventricle心房/心室（atrial心房的,ventricular心室的）atrialseptum房間隔interventricularseptum室間隔Cardiacinsufficiency心功能不全，heartfailure心衰compensated/overtheartfailure代償性/顯性心衰congestiveheartfailure充血性心力衰竭acute/chronicleft-sidedheartfailure急/慢性左心衰竭intractableheartfailure難治性心衰systolic/diastolicinsufficiencyheartfailure收縮/舒張功能不全的心衰Theelectricalconductionsystemsinoatrialnode竇房結Hisbundle房室束rightandleftbundles左右束支Purkinjenetwork浦肯野纖維triggeredactivity觸發(fā)活動re-entry折返sinoatrialblock（Wenckebach文氏，Mobitz莫氏）sicksinussyndrome（SSS）病態(tài)竇房結綜合征：bradycardia-tachycardiasyndromeatrialflutter,AFLatrialfibrillation,AFprematureatrioventricularjunctionalbeats房室交界性期前收縮AVjunctionalescapebeats逸搏atrioventricularnodalreentranttachycardia,AVNRTatrioventricularreentranttachycardia,AVFTTpreexcitationsyndrome（Wolff-Rarkinson-Whitesyndrome）ventriculartachycardia,VT（multiforme多形性，multifocal多源性）acceleratedidioventricularrhythm加速性室性自主節(jié)律torsadesdepointes,TDP尖端扭轉ventricularflutter室撲ventricularfibrillation室顫atrioventricularblock,AVB房室傳導阻滯Adame-Strokessyndrome阿-斯綜合征intraventricularblock室內阻滯leftbundlebranchblock,LBBB左束支阻滯leftanteriorfascicularblock,LAFB左前分支阻滯leftposteriorfascicularblock,LPFB左后分支阻滯Valvulardiseaseoftheheart,VDH,valvularheartdisease心臟瓣膜病mitral/tricuspid/aortic/pulmonaryvalvedisease二尖瓣/三尖瓣/主動脈瓣/肺動脈瓣疾病acute/chronicmitralstenosis/incompetence/insufficiency狹窄/關閉不全rheumaticfever風濕熱rheumaticcarditis風濕性心臟炎Infectiveendocarditis,IE感染性心內膜炎acute/subacute,native/prothetic/rightheartIE自體瓣膜/人工瓣膜Cardiomyopathy心肌病dilatedcardiomyopathy,DCM擴張型心肌病hypertrophiccardiomyopathy,HCM（asymmetricseptal非對稱性室間隔肥厚）restrictivecardiomyopathy,RCMarrhythmogenicrightventricularcardiomyopathy,ARVC致心律失常性右室心肌病specificcardiomyopathy特異性心肌病ischemiccardiomyopathy缺血性心肌病diabeticcardiomyopathy糖尿病性心肌病alcoholiccardiomyopathy酒精性心肌病peripartumcardiomyopathy圍生期心肌病cardiacamyloidosis心臟淀粉樣變性drug-inducedcardiomyopathy藥物性心肌病Keshandisease克山病，endemiccardiomyopathy地方性心肌病pericardium心包cardiopericarditis,cardipericarditis,pericarditis心包炎hydropericardium,pericardialeffusion,pericardialfluid心包積液constrictivepericarditis縮窄性心包炎Congenitalheart/cardiovasculardisease先天性心臟病/心血管病，CHDatrialseptaldefectASD房缺ventricularseptaldefect,VSD室缺patentductusateriosus,PDA導管未閉tetralogyoffallot,TOF法四Eisenmenger'ssyndrome艾森曼格綜合征coarctationoftheaorta主動脈縮窄pulmonicstenosis肺動脈狹窄primarypulmonaryhypertension原發(fā)肺動脈高壓dextrocardia右位心completetranspositionofthegreatvessels完全性大血管錯位Diseaseofbloodvessel,vasculardisease,angiopathy血管疾病aorticdissection主動脈夾層primaryarteritisortheaortaanditsmainbranches多發(fā)性大動脈炎peripheralarteriosclerosisobliterans閉塞性周圍動脈硬化thromboangitisobliterans(Buergerdisease