Inoureverydaylife,ifwemakesomemistakes,weshouldcorrectthem,thenwearestillgoodfellows.

—ChairmanMao’swords

Howtocorrectacomposition英語(yǔ)中考專題復(fù)習(xí)

---短文改錯(cuò)一一致關(guān)系1主謂單復(fù)數(shù)一致2時(shí)態(tài)一致3語(yǔ)態(tài)一致4名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一致5代詞的性、數(shù)一致6形容詞和副詞形式一致7語(yǔ)意一致8邏輯關(guān)系一致（如定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞選擇）二平行結(jié)構(gòu)。三非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式邏輯上是否有問題。四詞語(yǔ)搭配。五詞性分辨。

應(yīng)試技巧點(diǎn)撥

動(dòng)詞形，名詞數(shù)，還要注意形和副；非謂語(yǔ)，細(xì)辨別，習(xí)慣用法要記住；句子成分多分析，邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注；冠詞連詞常光顧。短文改錯(cuò)口訣：一、一致關(guān)系

短文改錯(cuò)中所涉及到的一致關(guān)系包括主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)一致和代詞指代一致。（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式要與句子的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或上下文的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，代詞所指的內(nèi)容與其先行詞在詞性和數(shù)方面以及與其自身的指代，要在意義上保持一致。）例如：1、Thereis

problemstosolve.2、Whenheboughtachocolatecake,heputtheminasecretplacesothatIcouldn’tfind.3、Hesaidheisbusy.4、Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome.are-itwaswords1)Whatareyourfavouritesport？2)Nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.1.主謂單復(fù)數(shù)一致isare2.時(shí)態(tài)一致1)Theyofferedmecoffeeandotherdrinks.Wehaveagoodtimetalkingandlaughing.had2.Shewatchesawonderfulconcertyesterday.watched3.Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.read

找出此類錯(cuò)誤的關(guān)鍵是樹立牢固的時(shí)態(tài)概念，注意短文內(nèi)容發(fā)生或存在的時(shí)間，保持時(shí)間概念的一致性。

3.語(yǔ)態(tài)一致

句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與上下文語(yǔ)態(tài)保持一致.(主動(dòng)/被動(dòng))eg:1.

Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.eg:2.Thousandsoftreesshouldplantedeveryyear.kept詞前加be

__________.________4.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一致1)…andaskedmelotsofquestion.2)Westudyquiteafewsubject，suchasmaths…3)Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess.questionssubjectsschoolmates命題特點(diǎn):本來(lái)用復(fù)數(shù),卻用單數(shù).

改正方法:(1)根據(jù)名詞前的修飾限定成份;(2)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系.5.代詞的性、數(shù)一致1.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeel…2.IthinkIlikedthoseclassesbecauseIfeltthatithelpedmeunderstandhowtheworldworks.their3.Hedrovetoofast,andthepolicestoppedherandhandedhimaticket.theyhim6.形容詞和副詞形式一致1.Thebadnewsmadeusfeelsadly.2.Thechildrenlearntoreadandwrite,andtheyalsoplaygamesgood.3.Helivesahealth

lifeandhasastrongbody.

sadwellhealthy

形容詞多用來(lái)做定、表、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等，而副詞只能在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。7.語(yǔ)意一致1.Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.and2.Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood.3.Workhard,oryou’llsucceedsoonerandlater.butand判斷句與句之間是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系1.ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveeverseen.

2.Ialsoenjoyedthedayswhenwespenttogether.thatwhich\that

8.邏輯關(guān)系一致（定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞選擇）3.Unfortunately,Iwon’tbeabletovisityouattheairport，althoughIhaveclassesintheafternoon.because二、平行結(jié)構(gòu)平行結(jié)構(gòu)是指兩個(gè)或更多的具有相似或相同的句法功能的詞、詞組或從句并列在一起的結(jié)構(gòu)，在表達(dá)相互平行的概念時(shí)，要使用相同的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，即（動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞并列，形容詞與形容詞并列，不定式與不定式并列，短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)）并列。平行結(jié)構(gòu)常使用等立連詞and,but,or或連詞詞組notonly…butalso…,not..but,either…or…,neither…nor…,aswellas等。例如：1、Asweclimbedthemountain,wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesand

toldstories.2.Shelikeditverymushand

readsittotheclass.3.Lindacanneither

draw

nor

playingbasketballvisited

readplay三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式主要考查不定式符號(hào)to的多余或遺漏，to是介詞還是不定式符號(hào)，現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞、動(dòng)名詞等。例如：1.Youhadbetternotgoingoutbeacauseitseemstorain.2、Hedidn’twant

sharethingswithotherpeople.3、SoonIbegantoenjoy

talktomyselfonpaper.go詞前加totalking

主要有分詞和動(dòng)名詞類錯(cuò)誤，也包括不定式類錯(cuò)誤。一般的，現(xiàn)在分詞有主動(dòng)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)的含義，而過(guò)去分詞具有被動(dòng)態(tài)和完成時(shí)的含義，不定式有目的狀語(yǔ)、將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的含義。四、詞語(yǔ)搭配

考查介詞與動(dòng)詞，名詞、形容詞的固定搭配，副詞與動(dòng)詞的固定搭配，及物動(dòng)詞后面介詞或副詞的多余以及不及物動(dòng)詞后面缺少介詞，英語(yǔ)中的一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)及習(xí)慣搭配等。例如：1、MoYanisknown

forawriteraroundtheworld.2、Icouldn’thelplaughwhenIheardthejoke.aslaughing五、詞性分辨根據(jù)詞在句中的位置與其它詞的修飾與被修飾關(guān)系，判斷詞的正確使用形式，根據(jù)詞在句子中不同的句法功能，使用與之相適應(yīng)的詞性。例如：1、Heneverhelpedother.2、Butheisdifferencenow.others或otherpeopledifferentIamgladtoknowyouareinterestinginChineseidioms.Now86._______I'dliketoexplainwhattheidiom"ShouZhuDaiTu"meantoyou.87._______Inancienttimes,afarmerhappenedtoseeingadeadrabbitunder88._______abigtreenearhisfield,whichprobablyhadrunintothetreebythe89._______accidentandwaskilledimmediately.Hewashappytopickitupand cookeditfordinner.Heexpectedthiswouldhappentoanotherrabbit. 90._______Buthestoppedworkingandwaitedunderthetreefromthatday. 91._______Unfortunatenomoredeadrabbitswereseenandhisfarmland 92._______waswaste.

.

93._______Thisidiomisusedtodescribeanyonewhowantstogetsomething94._______fornothing.ButIthinkweshouldalwaysworkhardtogetthatwewant.95._______2016年真題演練interestedmeans去掉seeUnfortunatelySosomeonewasted√whatDearDad,Youaresobusyeverydaythatyouneverpay enoughattentiontoyourheath.Iwasworriedabout86.______

yourheathallthetime.I’dliketogiveyousome87._____

advices.Ihearthatwalkingisthebestsport.Your 88.______

companyisn’tfarawayfromhome.Whynottowalk 89.______

totheoffice?You’dbettertakeexerciseatmost 90.______

onceweek.Youcanplaybasketballinthegym. 91._______

Gotoswimisachoice,too.Trynottostayup 92._______

lately.Havingenoughsleepcanhelpyourbrain 93.______

workbetter.Thisisalsoveryimportanttohave 94._______

healthyfood.Dad,pleaseacceptmyadvice.Ireallywishyourhealthy! 95._______

Yourlovingdaughter,Mary2017年真題演練adviceam去掉leastlateGoing詞前加ayouIt√2018年真題演練DearJim,Howisitgoing?I'dliketellyousomethingaboutourschool86______sportsmeeting.ItwasholdingonOct.6th,which87______wasafineday.Therewereover1,000studentsand88_____teachersattendit.WangLin,astudentfrommyclass,89_____wonthe100-meterrace.Hefinishtheracein12.6