eq\a\vs4\al()課后雙卷·練透提能得分點A卷單元語基鞏固卷Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theboymanagedtoescapefromtheburninghouse，buthecouldn'tescapebeingpunished/punishment(punish)becausethefirewascausedbyhisplayingwithmatches.2．Pleasekeepusinformed(inform)ofanychangeofaddressassoonaspossible.3．Largequantitiesofmoneyhavebeenspent(spend)inbringinguphischildrensofar.4．Hissuccesswasalongstory，butinbrief，hesucceededaftermanyfailures.5．Infaceofincreasingenergylimits，Chinaneedsamajorbreakthroughinminingandexploration.6．Aftertheearthquake，theelectricitysupplyfailed，making(make)thecoolingsystembreakdown.7．Thoughearning(earn)hislivingbysellingfruit，theoldmancontributedmuchmoneytohelpthepeoplehitbythedisaster.8．Imadeitcleartohimthathewasnolongerwelcomedhere.9．Theattackisbelievedtohavebeencarriedoutduringtheearlymorninghours.10．Afterhiswifewasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer，hespentallofhistimelookingafterher.Ⅱ.選詞填空bringup;bringin;asaresultof;earnone'slivingWangGangwasbornand1.broughtupinaremotemountainvillage，wherepeoplemainly2.earnedtheirlivingbyfarming.3.Asaresultoflackingadvancedfarmingtechnique，theylivedahardlife.Afternewfarmingtechniquewas4.broughtin,theirlifewasgettingbetterandbetter.thekeyto;carryout;beknownfor;bediagnosedwith；Mrs.Green5.wasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer，andwenttoadoctorwho6.wasknownfortreatingcancers.Thedoctor7.carriedoutaseriesoftreatmentsonher，andtoldherthat8.thekeytorecoveringrapidlyistohavearelaxedmind.Followingthedoctor'sadvice，shegraduallypickedup.Ⅲ.完成句子1．新老板上臺之后我們公司盈利了。Ourcompanygainedprofitsafterthenewbosscameto/intopower．2．學(xué)生們不允許攜帶手機到教室里。Thestudentsarenotallowedtocarrytheirmobilephonesintheclassroom.3．由于地震，成千上萬的人失去了家園。Asaresultoftheearthquake，thousandsofpeoplelosttheirhomes.4．大量記憶單詞是提高你英語水平的關(guān)鍵。MemorizingalargenumberofwordsisthekeytoimprovingyourEnglish．5．由于缺乏資金支持，我發(fā)現(xiàn)公司很難順利運轉(zhuǎn)。Shortoffinancialsupport，Ifounditdifficulttokeepthecompanygoingsmoothly．6．歐洲的許多機場關(guān)閉，造成數(shù)千名乘客圣誕節(jié)前不能回家。ManyairportsinEuropewerecloseddown，stoppingthousandsofpassengersfromreturninghomebeforeChristmas.Ⅳ.片段寫作——用本單元知識完成小作文完成片段作文詞匯句式升級①AlexanderFlemingwasborninScotlandandbroughtup(撫養(yǎng)長大)byhismotherandhiselderbrother.Withtheirhelp，hegoteducated(接受教育)inamedicalschoolinLondon.In1906，hegraduatedfromthisschool(從該校畢業(yè))asatopstudent.Afterthathemadegreatcontributionstomedicalscience，butitwashisdiscoveryofpenicillinthatmadehimearnlife-longhonor(使他獲得了終生的榮譽).②Hewasfamousforthisachievement，andbecauseofithereceivedaNobelPrize.Itwasclearthat(很顯然)Flemingisoneofthegoodscientistsinhistory.1.用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑單詞(1)help→support(2)famous→known(3)good→brilliant2．按要求改寫句式(1)用分詞作狀語升級句①AlexanderFlamingwasborninScotland，broughtupbyhismotherandhiselderbrother.(2)用“介詞＋which”非限制性定語從句升級句②Hewasknownforthisachievement，forwhichhereceivedaNobelPrize.B卷高考題型組合卷Ⅰ.閱讀理解A語篇類型說明文主題語境人與社會——科學(xué)與技術(shù)——公眾科學(xué)(2020·惠州市高三第一次調(diào)研)Asakid，JoannaBuckleywasn'tinterestedinscience—untilshehadachancetotryit.Thathappenedwhenshegotachemistrysetasagift.“Overthecourseofafewweeks，I'dcompletedeveryexperiment.Butintheprocess，Ipollutedmyparent'sdiningroomcarpetandburntthekitchenworktopwiththespiritburner，”shesays.NowscienceisBuckley'sjob.SheworksintheDepartmentofChemistryattheUniversityofSheffieldinEngland.“Irealize，first-hand，howimportantitistohavesomethingorsomeonetoshowyouwhyscienceissogreat，”shesays.Nowthegoodnewsisthatcitizenscienceappears.CitizensciencetakesthefunofexperimentingastepfurtherthanBuckley'sat-homeexperiments.That'sbecausetheseexperimentsarereal，lookingfornovelanswers.“Comparedwithaone-offexperiment，what'scoolaboutcitizenscienceisthatstudentsgetthatthishasapurpose，”saysAmyPrunuske，whoteachesmicrobiologyandimmunologyatamedicalcollege.“Studentswanttodoagoodjob，becausetheyknowscientistsaregoingtousethenewdataintheirownresearch.”JenniferLong'sjobistocoordinate(協(xié)調(diào))educationandoutreach.SheagreeswithPrunuske.“Kidslikethatit'sreal.Andtheylikethatit'simportant，andthatitmatters.”Citizenscienceprojectshavemadebigdiscoveries.Onefoundapreviouslyunknowngalaxycluster(星系團).AnotherprojecthelpedassesshowmuchdamageabigearthquakehadcausedinJapan.Andoneofthefirstcitizenscienceprojectshelpedscientistslearnwheremonarchbutterfliesgoeverywinter.Someadultsworryaboutteenslosinginterestinscience.Theyhopethatfun，excitingcitizenscienceprojectscanhelpthemkeepengaged，Longsays.Andshehassomeevidencethatit'sworking.“Lastyear，wedidhaveacoupleofstudentssay，‘IreallythinkIwanttobeascientistnow'.”文章大意：文章主要介紹了公眾科學(xué)的用處——它尋找新的解決方法并讓學(xué)生們愛上科學(xué)。1．WhatisthepurposeofParagraph2?A．Toshowexperimentscanmaketeensinterestedinscience.B．Toprovefailureisthemotherofsuccessinscience.C．TostatethatBuckleyhasatalentforscience.D．TopraiseBuckleyforherstrongwill.解析：A考查推理判斷。第一段第一句表述Buckley小時候在沒嘗試之前對科學(xué)不感興趣；根據(jù)第三段中的“NowscienceisBuckley'sjob.SheworksintheDepartmentofChemistryattheUniversityofSheffieldinEngland.”可知，Buckley成功進入科學(xué)領(lǐng)域。結(jié)合第二段內(nèi)容可知，在得到了實驗工具后，Buckley完成了每一個實驗。據(jù)此可推知，第二段旨在表明青少年進行實驗?zāi)茏屗麄儗茖W(xué)感興趣，故A項正確。2．Whyiscitizensciencemorefun?A．Becauseitneedstoseekfornewsolutions.B．Becauseitcarriesoutexperimentsfrequently.C．Becauseitmustcarryoutexperimentsingroups.D．Becauseitissupposedtohandlecomplexproblems.解析：A考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“That'sbecausetheseexperimentsarereal，lookingfornovelanswers.”可知，這是因為這些實驗是真實的，在尋找新奇的解決方法。據(jù)此可知，公眾科學(xué)更有趣的是它需要尋找新的解決方法，故A項正確。3．WhatcanweknowfromwhatPrunuskesaid?A．Sheparticipatedintheexperiment.B．Shetookprideinwhatstudentstookup.C．Citizenscienceispopularwithstudents.D．Scientistsarewillingtoemploystudents.解析：C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段第一句中Prunuske所說的話“Comparedwithaone-offexperiment，what'scoolaboutcitizenscienceisthatstudentsgetthatthishasapurpose”可知，與一次性的實驗相比，公眾科學(xué)很棒，學(xué)生們明白這是有用途的；據(jù)此可推知，公眾科學(xué)受到學(xué)生們的歡迎，故C項正確。4．WhatisLong'sattitudetowardscitizenscience?A．Concerned. B．Supportive.C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.解析：B考查觀點態(tài)度。根據(jù)尾段內(nèi)容可知，Long有證據(jù)證明公眾科學(xué)是有效的，因為有學(xué)生說現(xiàn)在想要成為一名科學(xué)家。據(jù)此可推知，Long對公眾科學(xué)持支持的態(tài)度，故B項正確?！驹~匯積累】in/overthecourseof...在……期間，在……的時候worktopn．(廚房的)操作臺spiritn．工業(yè)酒精at-homeadj.在家里進行(或發(fā)生)的one-offadj.一次性的outreachn．外展服務(wù)，擴大范圍的服務(wù)B語篇類型說明文主題語境人與社會——研究發(fā)現(xiàn)——社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)與健康(2020·石家莊市高三摸底)YourcircleoffriendsmayhelpyougetabetterreadingonyouroverallhealthandwellnessratherthanjustusingwearabledevicessuchasaFitbit，accordingtoresearchers.Thestudy，publishedinthejournalPLOSONE，analyzedwhatthestructureofthesocialnetworksaysaboutthestateofhealth，happinessandstress.“Wewereinterestedinthetopology(拓撲學(xué))ofthesocialnetwork—whatmypositionwithinmysocialnetworkpredictsaboutmyhealthandwell-being，”saidNiteshVChawla，aprofessorattheUniversityofNotreDame.“Whatwefoundwasthatthesocialnetworkstructureprovidesasignificantimprovementinpredictabilityofthewellnessstateofanindividualoverjustusingthedataobtainedfromwearabledevices，likethenumberofstepsortheheartrate，”Chawlasaid.Forthestudy，participantsworeaFitbittocapturehealthbehaviordataaboutwalking，sleeping，theheartrateandtheoverallactivitylevel.Theyalsocompletedsurveysandself-assessmentoftheirstress，happinessandpositivity.Chawlaandhisteamthenanalyzedthedatawithamachinelearningmodel，alongsidethecharacteristicsofanindividual'ssocialnetwork.Thestudyshowedastrongcorrelation(相關(guān)性)betweensocialnetworkstructuresandtheheartrate，thenumberofstepsandthelevelofactivity.Thesocialnetworkstructureprovidedasignificantimprovementinpredictingone'shealthandwell-beingcomparedtojustlookingathealthbehaviordatafromtheFitbitalone.Forexample，whenthesocialnetworkstructureiscombinedwiththedatafromwearabledevices，themachinelearningmodelachieveda65percentimprovementinpredictinghappiness.Themodelalsoachieveda54percentimprovementinpredictingone'sself-assessedhealthprediction，a55percentimprovementinpredictingthepositiveattitudeanda38percentimprovementinpredictingsuccess.Thisstudyasserts(斷言)thatwithoutsocialnetworkinformation，weonlyhaveanincompleteviewofanindividual'swellnessstate.Tobefullypredictive，itiscriticaltobeawareofthesocialnetwork，Chawlasaid.文章大意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，比起僅僅通過設(shè)備去掌握自己的健康狀況，結(jié)合社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)能讓人們更好地了解自己的健康狀況。不通過社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息評價一個人的健康狀況是不全面的。5．Whatdidthestudyfind?A．Howpeoplechoosetheirfriendcircles.B．Whatfactorsdecideyourfriendcircles.C．Howyourcircleoffriendsinfluencesyou.D．Whatyourcircleoffriendssaysaboutyourhealth.解析：D考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，研究人員說，朋友圈有助于人們更好地了解自己的健康狀況；再結(jié)合第二段的內(nèi)容可知，D項正確。6．Howdidtheresearchersdrawtheirconclusions?A．Bycomparingdata.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.D．Bydescribingpersonalexperiences.解析：A考查推理判斷。倒數(shù)第二段和倒數(shù)第三段都給出了數(shù)據(jù)來說明設(shè)備結(jié)合社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)能更好地預(yù)測人的健康等其他方面。據(jù)此可推知，研究人員是通過比較數(shù)據(jù)的方法得出結(jié)論的，故A項正確。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“critical”meaninthelastparagraph?A．Easy. B．Common.C．Important. D．Challenging.解析：C考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)尾段第一句可知，如果沒有社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息，我們對人的健康狀況的了解是不全面的；結(jié)合語境可知，畫線詞所在句表示要想充分預(yù)測人的健康狀況，了解社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)是至關(guān)重要的。據(jù)此可知，C項正確。8．WhatdoChawla'swordsinthelastparagraphtellus?A．Howfitnessdevicescanbeconnectedwithyourcircleoffriends.B．Aperson'ssocialnetworkispartofhishealthpicture.C．Thebestwaystomakefriendsandkeepahealthysocialcircle.D．Wearabledevicesarenotusefulforunderstandingsomeone'shealth.解析：B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)尾段中Chawla所說的話可知，要想充分預(yù)測人的健康狀況，了解社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)是至關(guān)重要的。據(jù)此可推知，個人的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)是描述一個人的健康狀況的一部分，故B項正確?！驹~匯積累】readingn．理解wellnessn．健康wearableadj.可穿戴的improvementn．改進處self-assessmentn．自我評估(或評價)incompleteadj.不完整的，不完全的，不完善的Ⅱ.七選五語篇類型說明文主題語境人與社會——食物安全——最容易被忽視的食物安全指南(2020·安徽省部分重點校高三聯(lián)考)Youprobablythinkoffoodpoisoningassomethingthatyoumightpickupatagreasyspoonoranoutdoorbarbecuestand.1.Thewayyouhandlefoodinyourownkitchen—which，unlikearestaurant，doesn'thavetoconformtohealthregulations—canjustaseasilymakeyousick.Herearesomemostoverlookedfoodsafetyguidelines.Washyourhandsproperly.Thismightseemlikethemostobviousfoodsafetypractice.However，mostpeopledon'tbothertodoit.Andtheminoritythatdoeswashdoesn'tdoitproperly—whichmightbeevenmoredangerous，becausetheythinkthey'reprotectingthemselvesandtheirfamilies，whentheyaren't.2.3．Chancesareyou'veprobablytakenabiteofsomethinginthefridgethat'sjustabitpasttheexpirationdate，inanefforttoseeifit'ssafetoeattherestofit.Ifit'sgonedangerouslybad，itshouldtasteextremelyunpleasant，right?4.AccordingtotheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture，thereisonetypeofbacteriawhichtypicallydoesn'talterthetaste，smellorappearanceoffood.Washfruitandveggies，evenifyou'regoingtopeel(削皮)them.5．Theproblemisthatwhenyoucutawaytheunwashedskinandthenusethesameknifetocutupwhat'sunderneaththat，youactuallymaybespreadingbacteriafromtheoutsidetothepreviouslypristineinside.Infact，youcancontaminate(弄臟)theveggiesfurtherifyoursaladbowlorsinkisnotclean.A．Notnecessarily.B．Bettersafethansorry.C．Don'ttastefoodtoseeifit'sgood.D.Howeveryouwashyourhands，atleastwashthem.E．Whywashthemwhenyouarenotgoingtoeattheskin?F．Butthosearen'ttheonlyplacesyoumightgetfoodpoisoning.G．Youaresupposedtowetyourhandswithrunningwater，applysoapandwashforatleast20seconds.文章大意：本文主要介紹了在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪幸恍┍缓鲆暤氖澄锇踩改?，包括正確地洗手、削皮前也要洗水果和蔬菜等。1．解析：F空前一句是說你可能認為在低級餐館或戶外燒烤攤你可能會食物中毒，空后一句是說你在自己廚房里處理食物的方式也容易使你生病，故F項符合語境。2．解析：G根據(jù)該段的標題Washyourhandsproperly.可知，該段是講正確洗手的內(nèi)容，故G項“你應(yīng)該用流動的水弄濕你的手，涂上肥皂，至少洗20秒”與此處匹配。3．解析：C此處為該段的標題。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，食物的味道、氣味或外觀即使沒有變化，過了保質(zhì)期的食物并不一定可以安全食用，故C項“不要品嘗食物以確認其是否是好的”總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。4．解析：A根據(jù)語境可知，空處應(yīng)是對前一句問句的回答，空后一句是說有一種細菌不會改變食物的味道、氣味或外觀，故A項符合語境。5．解析：E根據(jù)該段標題可知，該段講的是水果和蔬菜去皮前要清洗的內(nèi)容，結(jié)合空后一句的內(nèi)容可知，E項符合語境，故選E。Ⅲ.語法填空語篇類型說明文主題語境人與自然——人與動物——蝙蝠的作用Foralongtimebats1.(be)oneofthemostfearfulcreaturesintheanimalkingdom.Manypopcultureassociationswiththemare2.(relate)tovampires(吸血鬼).Thoughtheseassociationsarecompletemisunderstandings，batsdohaveadarksideasa3.(danger)diseasevector(介體).Sothereisgoodreasontobeexceptionallycautiousifyoucomeintocontactwithbats.However，thefactis4.batsplayasignificantroleinkeepingabalancedecosystem.Manyorganicfarmershavelearnedaboutthebenefitsof5.(have)batsnearbytohelpmanagetheamountofpeststhatshowupwith