凌源市高中部分學(xué)生抽測試卷高二英語第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.$100.B.$250.C.$200.2.Wheredidthewomangolastmonth?A.ToMexico.B.ToAmerica.C.ToCanada.3.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Headtotheairport.B.Relaxbythepool.C.Requestalatecheck-out.4.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Preparingforbackpacking.B.Makingaplanfortheiranniversary.C.Bookingahotel.5.Whatcoloristhewoman’scoat?A.White.B.Red.C.Golden.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Toinvitehimtodinner.B.Totellhimthewaytotherestaurant.C.Tochecktheirmeetingplace.7.Whichrestaurantwillthespeakersgoto?A.TheoneonTempleStreet.B.TheoneonOceanRoad.C.TheoneonWoodStreet.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whywon’tMr.Wangbeabletogiveaspeech?A.Hehastolookafterafamilymember.B.Hehastomakeanunexpectedtrip.C.Hecamedownwithanillness.9.Whatwilltheman7otomorrow?A.Makebreakfastfortheguests.B.Drivethewomantoaconference.C.Giveapresentation.10.HowwillthemangettothePrinceHotel?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.How7oesthemanwanttolearnwriting?A.Self-learning.B.OntheInternet.C.Facetoface.12.Whydoesthemanwanttotakewritingcourses?A.Topublishhisworks.B.Toearnmoremoney.C.Toenjoythefunofwriting.13.Whatkin7ofbrochurewillthemanreceive?A.Fictionwriting.B.Creativewriting.C.Businesswriting.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatisJack?A.Anactor.B.Asinger.C.Adirector.15.WhatwasJack’s“bigbreak”？A.TwelfthNight.B.NewYorkSummertime.C.HighSeas.16.Whatcausedtheaccidenttotakeplace?A.Workingovertime.B.Engineproblems.C.Drink-driving.17.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.JackwonanawardwiththeroleinHighSeas.B.Jackdidn’tcareaboutthenegativenewsaftertheaccident.C.Jack’sfamilygiveshimalotofsupport.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whoarethelistenersprobably?A.Hospitalstaff.B.Familymembers.C.Patients.19.Whydopeopleliveonsandwichesandfastfood?A.Theyconsiderthemdelicious.B.Theywanttosavetime.C.Theyhaveaspecialtaste.20.Whatistheconsequenceofworkinglonghours?A.Slowaction.B.Memoryloss.C.Carelessmistakes.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。APeoplearealwaysfullofimaginationaboutthedeepandmysterioussea,however,thewatersknownastheseaarenotalltheendlessseasaswethink,ormaybebeautifulormagnificentlakes.AralSeaTheAralSeaisaninlandlakethatliestothenorthofUzbekistanandtothesouthofKazkhstan.Itsnameliterally（按字面）means“theseaofisland”intheTurkiclanguage.Thus,itsnamereferstothemanyislandsthatdotteditinthepast.AlthoughtheAralSeaoccupiedavastareaofabout68,000squarekmforalongperiodoftime,it’sbelievedtobelessthan10%ofitsoriginalsite.CaspianSeaTheCaspianSeaisalsoaninlandlake.Oftenregardedasthelargestlakeintheworld,theCaspianSeaislocatedbetweenthecontinentsofAsiaandEurope.TheCaspianSeaisanenclosedwaterbody.Itiscalled“sea”probablybecauseofitsmassivesizeof371,000squarekmanditssaltiness.SaltonSeaLocatedinCalifornia,US,theSaltonSeaisariftlakethatissaline(咸的)innature.Severalriverscreeks,agriculturalrunoffs，anddrainagesystemsfeedthislake.TheSaltonSeaencompasses(包括)anareaof890squarekm,makingitthelargestlakeinCalifornia.SeaofGalileeTheSeaofGalileeisafreshwaterlakewith“sea”initsname.Itoccupiesanareaof166.7squarekminIsrael.Itisthesecond-lowestlakeintheworldaftertheDeadSeawiththesurfaceelevation(海拔)rangingfrom705ftto686ftbelowsealevel.TheJordanRiveristheprimarysourceofwaterfortheSeaofGalilee.Undergroundspringsalsofeedwatertothelake.1.Whichisthesecondbiggestofthefourlakes?A.AralSea. B.CaspianSea.C.SaltonSea. D.SeaofGalilee.2.WhichofthefollowingaTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.TheAralSeabelongstoTurkey.B.ThelocationoftheSaltonSeaisCalifornia,US.C.TheCaspianSeaisafreshwaterlakebetweenAsiaandEurope.D.TheprimarysourceofwaterfortheSeaofGalileeisundergroundsprings.3Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inahistorybook. B.Inanovel.C.Inageographymagazine. D.Inabiography.【1~3題答案】【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。人們總是對深邃而神秘的大海充滿幻想，然而，所謂的海并不都是我們想象中的無邊無際的大海,也可能是美麗或壯麗的湖泊，本文介紹了幾個被稱為海洋的湖泊?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AralSea中的“AlthoughtheAralSeaoccupiedavastareaofabout68，000squarekmforalongperiodoftime，it’sbelievedtobelessthan10%ofitsoriginalsite.（雖然在很長一段時間內(nèi)，咸海占據(jù)了約68000平方公里的廣闊區(qū)域，但據(jù)信它還不到原來的10%）”，以及CaspianSea中的“TheCaspianSeaisanenclosedwaterbody，itiscalled“sea”probablybecauseofitsmassivesizeof371,000squarekmanditssaltinss.（里海是一個封閉的水體,它被稱為“?！笨赡苁且驗樗木薮竺娣e37.1萬平方公里和它的咸味）”，和SaltonSea中的“TheSaltonSeaencompasses(包括)anareaof890squarekmmakingitthelargestlakeinCalifornia.（索爾頓海的面積為890平方公里，是加州最大的湖泊）”及SeaofGalilee“Itoccupiesanareaof166.7squarekminIsrael.（它在以色列占有166.7平方公里的面積）”可知，通過數(shù)字對比可知，四個中第二大的是咸海。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個湖介紹中的第一行“LocatedinCalifornia,US,theSaltonSeaisariftlakethatissaline(咸的)innature.（位于美國加州的索爾頓海是一個天然的咸水裂谷湖）”可知索爾頓海位于美國加利福尼亞州。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplearealwaysfullofimaginationaboutthedeepandmysterioussea,however,thewatersknownastheseaarenotalltheendlessseasaswethink,ormaybebeautifulormagnificentlakes.（人們總是對深邃而神秘的大海充滿幻想，然而，所謂的海并不都是我們想象中的無邊無際的大海,也可能是美麗或壯麗的湖泊）”以及下文介紹了幾個被稱為海洋的湖泊。由此推知，本文可能來自地理雜志。故選C項。BOnaThursdayafternooninMarch,aBaltimorerestaurantreceivedanemailrequest:friedbroccoli(西蘭花)toppedwithfreshherbsandonion.Thewomanwhosenttheemailwasactuallywritinginplaceofhermother,Jane,whoenjoyedthedish,butwasnowinthefinalstagesoflungcancer.SteveChu,owneroftherestaurant,readtheemailandquicklyreplied,“Thanksforreachingout,”hewrote.“We’dliketomeetyouinVermontandmakeitfreshforyou.Youtellusthedateandlocationandwe’llbethere.”Forthepast10years,everytimeJanevisitedBaltimore,shewouldgototherestauranttoorderherfavouritedish.ThatFridayafterwork,adayafterreceivingRina’semail,SteveloadedhistruckwithcookingequipmentandingredientsneededandthenheadedforVermontwithtwoemployees.Theystayedovernightinamotel(汽車旅館)anddrovethenextdaytotheflatwhereRina’smotherlived.AssoonasSteveandhisteampulledintotheparkinglot,theygotdowntowork.Inadditiontobroccoli,theymadetofuwithpeanutsauceandsomesteamedrice.Afterneatlyboxing(裝箱)everythingup,theyknockedontheircustomer’sdoor.ImmediatelyJaneopenedthedoor,shewasgreetedbythefamiliarsmell.ThemotheralsorecognizedSteve.“Idon’tunderstand.Youdroveallthewayupheretocookforme?”Janescreamed(尖叫).AsforSteve,hecouldn’thelprememberinghisregularcustomer.“Shelovesthefoodandfrequentsourrestaurant,”hesaid.Steveandhisteamdeclinedtheinvitationtojointhefamilyfordinner,fortheyneededtogetbacktoBaltimore.Stevealsowouldn’tacceptanymoneyfromthefamily.Rinawashappythathermotherwasabletoenjoyherbelovedbroccoliathome.4.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutJane?A.Shesufferedfromacurabledisease.B.Shewasparticularaboutwhatsheate.C.Shewasaregularcustomeroftherestaurant.D.Shewrotetheemailtotherestaurantinperson.5.WhatdidSteve’steamdotomakeJane’sday?A.HetreatedhertoabigdinnerinVermont.B.TheydrovetoVermontandmadethedishthere.C.Hesharedtherecipeofthedishwithher.D.HedeliveredthedishtoJane’shomebyair.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSteveChu?A.Caringandcalm. B.Friendlyandoutgoing.C.Warm-heartedandgenerous. D.Kindanddetermined.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ArestaurantgoingbeyonditsdutiesB.Acancersufferer’sroadtorecoveryC.Friedbroccoli:apopulardishintheUSD.Nicesurprisesareessentialforlife【4~7題答案】【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是簡喜歡一家餐廳的菜，餐廳的老板在收到簡的女兒的電子郵件后帶上食材趕到簡住的公寓，為她做那道菜?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Forthepast10years,everytimeJanevisitedBaltimore,shewouldgototherestauranttoorderherfavouritedish.（在過去的10年里，每次簡來巴爾的摩，她都會去餐館點她最喜歡的菜。）”和倒數(shù)第三段的“AsforSteve,hecouldn’thelprememberinghisregularcustomer.“Shelovesthefoodandfrequentsourrestaurant,”hesaid.（至于史蒂夫，他不由自主地想起了自己的老客戶?！八矚g我們的食物，經(jīng)常光顧我們的餐廳，”他說。）”可知，Jane是這家餐館的常客。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“ThatFridayafterwork,adayafterreceivingRina’semail,SteveloadedhistruckwithcookingequipmentandingredientsneededandthenheadedforVermontwithtwoemployees.（那個周五下班后，也就是收到麗娜郵件的第二天，史蒂夫把烹飪設(shè)備和所需的食材裝上卡車，然后帶著兩名員工前往佛蒙特州。）”和第五段的“AssoonasSteveandhisteampulledintotheparkinglot,theygotdowntowork.Inadditiontobroccoli,theymadetofuwithpeanutsauceandsomesteamedrice.Afterneatlyboxingeverythingup,theyknockedontheircustomer’sdoor.（史蒂夫和他的團隊一進停車場，就開始工作。除了西蘭花，他們還用花生醬和一些米飯做豆腐。他們把東西整齊地打包好后，就去敲顧客的門。）”可知，史蒂夫的團隊他們開車到佛蒙特州，在那里做了這道菜讓簡開心，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“We’dliketomeetyouinVermontandmakeitfreshforyou.（我們想在佛蒙特見到你，給你做點新鮮的。）和”倒數(shù)第二段的“Steveandhisteamdeclinedtheinvitationtojointhefamilyfordinner,fortheyneededtogetbacktoBaltimore.Stevealsowouldn’tacceptanymoneyfromthefamily.（史蒂夫和他的團隊拒絕了與家人共進晚餐的邀請，因為他們需要回到巴爾的摩。史蒂夫也不會接受這個家庭的任何錢。）”可知，史蒂夫和他的團隊開車去專門給簡做飯，就為了讓她開心，而且不收錢，因此SteveChu是熱心的和慷慨的。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第四段的“ThatFridayafterwork,adayafterreceivingRina’semail,SteveloadedhistruckwithcookingequipmentandingredientsneededandthenheadedforVermontwithtwoemployees.Theystayedovernightinamotel(汽車旅館)anddrovethenextdaytotheflatwhereRina’smotherlived.（那個周五下班后，也就是收到麗娜郵件的第二天，史蒂夫把烹飪設(shè)備和所需的食材裝上卡車，然后帶著兩名員工前往佛蒙特州。他們在一家汽車旅館過夜，第二天開車去了麗娜母親住的公寓。）”可知，本文主要講的是一個餐館親自趕到異地為老顧客做菜的故事，因此A選項“Arestaurantgoingbeyonditsduties（超出其職責(zé)范圍的餐館）”是最恰當(dāng)?shù)念}目，故選A。CHowgoodareweatpredictingwhatpeoplewilldo?Whatmagazinewilltheybuy,whatmusicwilltheydownload，orwhatshoeswilltheychooseforaparty?Probablynotnearlyasgoodaswethink.Whenitcomestohumanbehavior,thebrainisshowntohavetwodifferentwaysofthinking.Soitdoesn’tmatterhowoldyouareorhowconfidentyouarefeeling.It’sallaboutwhatmoodthebrainisin!Acommonthoughtprocessistheautomaticandfastwaywhichhelpsustoreactquicklyindangeroussituations.Thisisknownassystem1anddatesbacktotheprehistoric(史前的）timeswhenpeoplelivedwithanaturalawarenessofthedangersaroundthem—badweather,fallingrocksandtrees，andthreateninganimals.Nowadayswestillhavetheabilitytoreactsorapidlyandnaturallytosituationsthatitcanfeellikeyou’renotthinkingatall.Haveyoueverfoundyourselfgivingintotemptation（誘惑）andunabletosay“no”tobuyingthatnewjacketinthewindow?Thisisbecausesystem1isincontrol—ahumancharacteristicwhichtheworldofadvertisinglikestomakethemostof!System2istheopposite.It’saslowthoughtprocessthatrequiresustopayattentionandconcentrate.Thiswayofthinkinghelpsustomakesensiblelong-termdecisionslikechoosingwhichuniversitytostudyat,orwhattypeofcartobuy.Theproblemisthatsystem2oftenstartstofeelboringandsosystem1takesover.HowoftenhaveyouputdownyourhomeworkorputoffdoingimportantjobstogoonFacebookorwatchaTVsoap?Weliketothinkthatwegothroughlifemainlyusingsystem2.However,sometimesit’ssystem1thatmakestherightdecisionbutsystem2thatgetsitwrong.Forexample,sportsteamsputalotofeffortintoagameplan,butoftenit’stheunconscious（無意識的）humanwishtodosomethingdifferentlythatoftenleadstoanunexpectedwin.Thiscanalsoleadtothecommonmistakenideathatyoursuccessfuldecisionsshowyourskillandtalent，wheninfacttheyarejustluck.Perhapsonedayscientistswillbeabletopredictwhatdecisionspeoplewillmakebymeasuringbrainactivity.Inonestudy,volunteersweremonitoredwithbrain-scanningequipment.Theywereaskedtopresseitheraleftorarightbuttonwhenevertheywanted.Theresearchersfoundtheycouldpredictwhichbuttonthevolunteerswouldpressuptosevensecondsbeforeithappened—yourbrainseemstoknowwhatitwilldobeforeyoudo!Somescientistssayourbrainsarejustmachinesandwearenotreallyincontrolofwhat’sgoingon.Let’shopethey’rewrong!It’sonethingtobeabletotellwhichoftwobuttonsapersonwillpress,butIdon’tliketheideathatsciencecouldonedaytellmewhatdecisionsIwillmakeinmylifebeforeI’veevenhadthechancetomakethem!8.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouttheideathatscientistscanpredictpeople’sdecisions?A.Disappointed. B.Unhappy.C.Shocked. D.Absurd.9.Inwhichcaseissystem1morelikelytobeincontrol?A.Whenyouchooseauniversity.B.Whenyouplanabirthdayparty.C.Whenyouprepareforaperformance.D.Whenyoubuyajacketinthewindow.10.WhyistheexampleofsportsteamsmentionedinParagraph4?A.Toshowsystem1sometimesmakestherightdecision.B.Toshowsystem2usuallymakesthewrongdecision.C.Toshowwegothroughlifemainlyusingsystem2.D.Toshowpeoplearemorewillingtousesystem1.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TwoSystemsofThought B.EarlyBrainDevelopmentC.ImportanceofPlanning D.TwoWaysofDealingwithDanger【8~11題答案】【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了我們的大腦的兩種思維模式，即系統(tǒng)1和系統(tǒng)2，以及在生活中兩種模式是如何作用于我們的大腦決策的?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段“Somescientistssayourbrainsarejustmachinesandwearenotreallyincontrolofwhat’sgoingon.Let’shopethey’rewrong!It’sonethingtobeabletotellwhichoftwobuttonsapersonwillpress,butIdon’tliketheideathatsciencecouldonedaytellmewhatdecisions1willmakeinmylifebeforeI’veevenhadthechancetomakethem!（一些科學(xué)家說，我們的大腦只是機器，我們不能真正控制發(fā)生的事情。希望他們是錯的!能夠判斷一個人會按兩個按鈕中的哪個是一回事，但是我不喜歡這樣的想法：有一天，在我還沒有機會做出決定之前，科學(xué)就能告訴我，我的人生將會做出什么樣的決定）”可知，科學(xué)家提出，也許未來某一天，在我們做決策之前科學(xué)就可以預(yù)測我們的決定，作者不喜歡這個觀點。作者也希望他們的這種觀點是錯誤的。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段“Haveyoueverfoundyourselfgivingintotemptation（誘惑）andunabletosay“no”tobuyingthatnewjacketinthewindow?Thisisbecausesystem1isincontrol—ahumancharacteristicwhichtheworldofadvertisinglikestomakethemostof!（你是否曾經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己屈服于誘惑，無法拒絕買櫥窗里的那件新夾克？這是因為系統(tǒng)1控制著一種人類的特性，廣告界喜歡充分利用這種特性）”可知，當(dāng)看到櫥窗里的新外套的時候，我們無法抵制誘惑想要把它買下來，這個時候系統(tǒng)1在控制我們的大腦思維。A、B、C項屬于長期的決策行為，第三段提到這種需要集中注意力的行為是系統(tǒng)2在作用的。故選D項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。第四段中提到體育團隊花費很多精力來計劃比賽，但往往是無意識的背道而馳的做法反而使他們?nèi)〉昧艘庀氩坏降膭倮Ｋ赃@個例子在印證第四段的首句觀點，“Weliketothinkthatwegothroughlifemainlyusingsystem2.However,sometimesit’ssystem1thatmakestherightdecisionbutsystem2thatgetsitwrong.（我們認為我們的生活主要是通過系統(tǒng)2來完成的。然而，有時候是第一系統(tǒng)做出了正確的決定，而第二系統(tǒng)卻做出了錯誤的決定）”?？芍覀兛傆X得生活主要是由系統(tǒng)2在起作用。但是通常情況下系統(tǒng)1反而會幫助我們做出正確的決定。故選A項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題?？v觀全文，作者分別介紹了我們大腦的兩種思維模式，即系統(tǒng)1和系統(tǒng)2,以及在生活中兩種模式是如何作用于我們的大腦決策的。最后提到了科學(xué)家認為我們的決策是可以被預(yù)測的。所以整篇文章在圍繞著兩系統(tǒng)在講。故選A項DPawswalkacrossmykeyboard,andmycatMontyliesonmylap,unawareoftheworldbeyondourgardenfence.Intheseuncertaintimesofthepandemic,thecompanyofanimalsisneededmorethanever.Tothejoyofourcats,dogsandallpetsinbetween,stayingathomeisanopportunitytogivethemourundividedattention.Inreturn,theyprovideuswithamuch-neededsourceofhappiness.Petownershipiswellknowntohelpsettleanxiety,reducelonelinessandliftmoods.Evenaswespendanunprecedented（空前的）amountoftimeinisolation（隔離）,petsarestillactingaschannelstobuildingasenseofcommunityaspeoplesharepicturesoftheirbelovedcompanionsonlineinanefforttoraisespirits.Itisinsuchtimesthatwerealizejusthowmuchourpetsmatteraspartofthefamily.Asalong-termcatlady,Ihaveneverquestionedthatapetisapreciousmemberofthehousehold.Ourpetscanbeasvaluableasourhumanfamilymembersinteachingusaboutourselvesandhowtoapproachtheworld.Inshort,ouranimals'loveandloyaltyareunique.Assuch,thedeathofapetcanfeelassadasthatofaclosefriendorfamilymember.Thegrief（悲痛）remainssomethingthatisoftenseenasshameful,andmanyadmittodemandingtimeoffworkwithoutbeinghonestaboutwhy.However,withthelossofapetcomesanemptinesswheretheirunconditionalloveoncewas,andmomentsinthedayoncededicatedtotheircarebecomesuddenlyunoccupied.VetandauthorJamesHerriotwrote,"Ifhavingasoulmeansbeingabletofeellove,loyaltyandthankfulness,animalsarebetteroffthanalotofhumans."Petsareanadditionalmemberofthefamily,andnowmorethanever,theycanserveasmodelsforthekindofbasichumanityweoughttobeextendingtoanunstableworld.12.Whatisthemainideaofparagraphs1and2?A.Howtoplaywithpets. B.Howkeepingapetbenefitshumans.C.Howtheauthorstartedtokeepapet. D.Howpetskeeppeopleawayduringisolation.13.Whatdoestheauthorthinkpetsmeantohumans?A.Theyareaspreciousasourfamilymembers. B.Theyareonlysecondarytofamilymembers.C.Theyaremoreliketeachersthanfriends. D.Theyhelpustakecareofourfamily.14.Whydopeopleliewhenrequestingtimeoffafterthedeathofapet?A.Theyfeelpuzzledaboutitsdeath.B.Theyconsideritaprivatefamilything.C.Theyareannoyedbythefeelingofemptiness.D.Theyfeelembarrassedabouttheirsadnessoverit.15.WhatdoesJamesHerriotimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Petscanteachustobebetterhumans. B.Petsneedmoreattentionnowthanever.C.Petsandhumanshavelittleincommon. D.Petscanactasatooltocalmtheworld.【12~15題答案】【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，主要講的是養(yǎng)寵物的好處和寵物對人的重要性?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“Intheseuncertaintimesofthepandemic,thecompanyofanimalsisneededmorethanever...Inreturn,theyprovideuswithamuch-neededsourceofhappiness.（在大流行的不確定時期，人們比以往任何時候都更需要動物的陪伴……作為回報，他們?yōu)槲覀兲峁┝思毙璧男腋Ｔ慈?。）”及第二段的“Petownershipiswellknowntohelpsettleanxiety,reducelonelinessandliftmoods.Evenaswespendanunprecedented（空前的）amountoftimeinisolation（隔離）,petsarestillactingaschannelstobuildingasenseofcommunityaspeoplesharepicturesoftheirbelovedcompanionsonlineinanefforttoraisespirits.（眾所周知，養(yǎng)寵物有助于緩解焦慮、減少孤獨和改善情緒。盡管我們花了前所未有的時間與外界隔絕，但寵物仍然是建立社區(qū)意識的渠道，人們會在網(wǎng)上分享他們心愛的伴侶的照片，以提振精神。）”可知，第一段和第二段主要講的是養(yǎng)寵物對人類的好處，即Howkeepingapetbenefitshumans，故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Asalong-termcatlady,Ihaveneverquestionedthatapetisapreciousmemberofthehousehold.（作為一個長期養(yǎng)貓的女人，我從未質(zhì)疑過寵物是家庭中珍貴的一員。）”可知，作者認為寵物就像我們的家庭成員一樣珍貴。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Thegriefremainssomethingthatisoftenseenasshameful,andmanyadmittodemandingtimeoffworkwithoutbeinghonestaboutwhy.（這種悲傷常常被視為是可恥的，許多人承認自己要求請假，但沒有誠實地說明原因。）”可推斷出，人們在寵物死亡后要求休假時會撒謊是因為他們對自己的悲傷感到尷尬。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Ifhavingasoulmeansbeingabletofeellove,loyaltyandthankfulness,animalsarebetteroffthanalotofhumans...theycanserveasmodelsforthekindofbasichumanityweoughttobeextendingtoanunstableworld（如果擁有靈魂意味著能夠感受到愛、忠誠和感恩，那么動物比很多人都要好……他們可以作為我們應(yīng)該向一個不穩(wěn)定的世界延伸的基本人性的典范）”可推斷出，JamesHerriot在最后一段中暗示了寵物可以教會我們成為更好的人。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。November2,2020wasamajoranniversaryfortheInternationalSpaceStationandmarked20yearssincepeoplefirstbeganlivingthere.Butthespacestation,infact,spent22yearsinEarth’sorbit.____16____Therewerejustthreesmallroomsinthespacestationwhenthefirstcrewarrived.Therewashardlyanyspaceforthemtomovearound.____17____BillShepherd,thestation’sfirstcommander,describedhistimelivingthereaslifeonashipatsea.____18____Communicationproblemscouldlasthours.“Eachdayseemedtohaveitsownchallengingthings,”Shepherdrecalledrecently.Butthesituationhascometoacloselongbefore.Todaythespacestationisalmostaslargeasafootballfield.____19____Astronautshavenear-continuouscommunicationandevenaphonetousepersonally.Ittakesonly90minutesforthespacestationtocircletheworld.____20____Shepherdsaidthepast20yearofinternationalexperienceandcooperationdrivesmassiveprojects,likepossiblysendinghumanstotheplanetMars,anddeservesstudyingandremembering.A.Livinginspacestationsseemstobefun.B.Itsfirstpiecewaslaunchedintospacein1998.C.Theyhadperiodicradiocontactwiththeground.D.Theairwaswarmandwet,leavingthemfeelingsticky.E.Thatgivescrewmembersachanceofenjoying16sunrisesand16sunsetseachday.F.Ithasenoughsolarpowerequipmenttofillalmostfour-tenthsof10,000squaremeters.G.Thespacestationdoesnothaveafridge,butithasacoolroomtokeepfruitsandvegetablesfresh.【16~20題答案】【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.F20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。2022年是國際太空站的20周年紀念日。文章主要將20年的太空站與現(xiàn)在的太空站作比較，說明科技的重要性?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Butthespacestation,infact,spent22yearsinEarth’sorbit.（事實上，太空站在地球軌道上待了22年。）”以及后文“Therewerejustthreesmallroomsinthespacestationwhenthefirstcrewarrived.（當(dāng)?shù)谝唤M人員到達時，太空站只有3個小房間。）”可知，此句應(yīng)承上啟下，說明第一次登上太空站的時間，故B項“它第一個部件是于1998年被送入太空”符合，故選B項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空后“BillShepherd,thestation’sfirstcommander,describedhistimelivingthereaslifeonashipatsea.（Bill曾經(jīng)將他在太空站的生活描述為與海上船上的生活一樣）”可知，此句是D項“空氣溫暖潮濕，讓他們覺得很黏”的順義承接，空氣潮濕，就跟在海上生活一樣潮濕，總感覺悶熱，很黏，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Communicationproblemscouldlasthours.（溝通問題也會持續(xù)幾小時）”可知，此處講交流、溝通的困難。故C項“他們與地面聯(lián)系使用的是階段性的無線電”符合，溝通是階段性的，偶爾能聯(lián)系上，都在講20年前太空站溝通的問題，故選C。【19題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Todaythespacestationisalmostaslargeasafootballfield.（現(xiàn)在的太空站與一個足球場一樣大。）”可知，此處講現(xiàn)在的太空站空間很大，故F項“在400平方米內(nèi)，它有著足夠多的太陽能設(shè)備。”進一步說明現(xiàn)在太空站的優(yōu)勢，符合，故選F。【20題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Ittakesonly90minutesforthespacestationtocircletheworld.（太空站只需要90分鐘就能環(huán)繞世界一圈。）”可知，E項“著能讓機組成員在一天之內(nèi)看到16次日出和16次日落”順承前文，故此處E項符合，故項E。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。In1963,12-year-oldEdithLee-PaynestoodamongthecrowdinWashington,takingpartinthelarger-than-life(有英雄色彩的)events.She’dtravelledwithhermotherfromDetroitto____21____MartinLutherKing'sspeech—IHaveADream.ShelistenedtoDr.King’swordsinawe(敬畏地).Theexperience____22____Edithasanadultthroughsomeofhermostdifficultstruggles.In1990,whenshelosther20-year-oldsoninanaccident,EdithfollowedKing’sexampleandtransformedher____23____intoanefforttohelpherfellowAfrican-Americans.Thenin2008,nearly50yearsafterthespeech,Edithreceiveda(n)____24____phonecall.“Ihopeyou’resittingdown,Edith,”saidhercousinMarsha.MarshahadbeenoutshoppingwhenacalendarwithfamousimagesfromAfrican-American____25____jumpedoutather.RoseParks,FrederickDouglass,MartinLutherKingand...12-year-oldEdithLee-Payne.Edithlaughed.She____26____hercousinwasjoking.____27____,curiositygotthebetterofher.Afterthecousinhungup，EdithdidaGooglesearch.Thephotographwasn’thardtofind—infact,itwasfamous!Thephotohadbeenpublishedand____28____intextbooksformanyyears.Shecouldn’tbelieveshewasthe____29____ofsuchahistoricalphotograph.Butwhenshelookedatthephotoofthe12-year-oldgirl,shesaw______30______owneyesstaringbackather.Therewasnomistakeaboutit.ThephotowastakenbyRowlandScherman,thenayoungphotographerfortheUnitedStatesInformationAgency.Rowlandhadbeenstandingnearthe______31______asDr.Kingbegantospeak.Hewassearchingforthe______32______facetocapture(拍攝)theday’shigh______33______.Inthecrowdof250,000,oneyounggirlstoodout.Formany,Edithisapowerful______34______ofyouthstaringata______35______fullofhope.21.A.introduce B.hear C.report D.edit22.A.broughtin B.remainedwith C.lookedinto D.pointedout23.A.achievement B.purpose C.pain D.fortune24.A.official B.regular C.consulting D.unexpected25.A.habit B.language C.history D.prejudice26.A.explained B.noticed C.complained D.assumed27.A.Still B.Thus C.Besides D.Instead28.A.preserved B.designed C.reproduced D.examined29.A.supporter B.subject C.adolescent D.assistant30.A.its B.their C.her D.his31.A.studio B.court C.cottage D.stage32.A.perfect B.ordinary C.confused D.relaxed33.A.reputation B.intelligence C.energy D.quality34.A.learner B.representative C.photographer D.adviser35.A.scholar B.policy C.future D.statue【21~35題答案】【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.D25.C26.D27.A28.C29.B30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是Edith以金為榜樣，把她的痛苦變成一種努力，幫助她的非裔美國同胞的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她和她的媽媽從底特律一起旅行到華盛頓聽馬丁?路德?金演講。A.introduce介紹；B.hear聽見；C.report報道；D.edit編輯。根據(jù)下文的“MartinLutherKing'sspeech—IHaveADream.”可知，此處指“聽見”演講。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：這次經(jīng)歷一直伴隨著Edith到成年。A.broughtin帶來，引進；B.remainedwith屬于，取決于；C.lookedinto調(diào)查；D.pointedout指出，指明。根據(jù)下文“asanadultthroughsomeofhermostdifficultstruggles.”可知，此處指痛苦的經(jīng)歷“伴隨著”她。故選B。23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Edith以金為榜樣，把她的痛苦變成一種努力，幫助她的非裔美國同胞。A.achievement成就；B.purpose目的，意圖；C.pain疼痛；D.fortune命運，好運。根據(jù)“transformedher____3____intoanefforttohelpherfellowAfrican-Americans”，可知，她把“痛苦”變成努力。故選C。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Edith接到一個意想不到的電話。A.official正式的；B.regular有規(guī)律的；C.consulting咨詢的；D.unexpected想不到的，意外的。根據(jù)下文“Marshahadbeenoutshopping”可知，這是一個“未料到的”電話。故選D。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Marsha正出去購物,就在那時一個印有非裔美國人歷史上著名人物的日歷突然出現(xiàn)在她的眼前。A.habit習(xí)慣；B.language語言；C.history歷史；D.prejudice偏見。根據(jù)空前的“acalendarwithfamousimagesfromAfrican-American”和下文的“RoseParks,FrederickDouglass,MartinLutherKingand...12-year-oldEdithLee-Payne.”可知，此處指一個“歷史”人物。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她以為她的堂姐妹在開玩笑。A.explained解釋；B.noticed注意到；C.complained抱怨；D.assumed假定，假設(shè)。根據(jù)空后“hercousinwasjoking”，可知，這是Edith“認為”。故選D。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而她的好奇心占據(jù)了上風(fēng)。A.Still仍然；B.Thus因此；C.Besides另外；D.Instead代替。根據(jù)上文的“hercousinwasjoking”和下文的“curiositygotthebetterofher.”可知，前后是一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，still符合句意。故選A。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：許多年來照片在課本上刊登又再次出現(xiàn)。A.preserved保留；B.designed設(shè)計；C.reproduced重現(xiàn)，再生產(chǎn)；D.examined檢查。根據(jù)第9空后“suchahistoricalphotograph.”，可知，舊照片“再現(xiàn)”。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她不相信她是一張如此有歷史性的照片的主題。A.supporter支持者；B.subject主題，學(xué)科；C.adolescent青少年；D.assistant助理。根據(jù)“Shecouldn’tbelieveshewasthe____9____ofsuchahistoricalphotograph.”可知，此處指舊照片作為“主題”。故選B。【30題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：她看到她自己的眼睛盯著