名詞性從句一、名詞性從句概述二、名詞性從句要點1.主語從句1)that從句位于句首時,that不能省略。如:

That

theorymustgohandinhandwithpracticeisaprincipleweshouldalwayskeepinmind.2)有時可用形式主語it代替主語從句,即將it放在句首,將主語從句放在句末,以避免句子頭重腳輕。如：Itisnotknownyetwhereshehasgone.2.賓語從句1)當賓語從句后有賓語補足語時,需要用it作形式賓語，而將賓語從句后置。如：Imadeitclearthatweweredeterminedtocarryouttheplan.2)當主句主語是第一人稱，且謂語為think,believe,suppose,expect等動詞時,如果賓語從句表示否定意思,通常否定前移,即否定主句的謂語。如：Idon’tthinkthere’sacomputerstoreinthetown.Idon’tbelievethatshe’severbeentoHongKong.3)賓語從句也可用作介詞或形容詞的賓語。如：

Shewasneversatisfiedwithwhatshehadachieved.I’mnotsurewhenIsawherlast.4)引導賓語從句的連詞that在口語中可省略,但在下列情況中，that需保留：a.主、從句之間有表示時間等的狀語時that

不能省略，否則會產(chǎn)生歧義。如：Thegeographyteachertoldusyesterdaythatthenearestneighboroftheearthisthemoon.b.主、從句之間有插入語時不可省去that。如:—It’sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.—ButIstillremember,believeitornot,thatwegotlostonarainynight.c.引導兩個或兩個以上的賓語從句時，第二個以及第二個以后的賓語從句中的連詞that不能省略。如：FromwhatiswrittenhereIcanseeyouhadaverybadcoldthreeyearsagoandthatyoualsohadasmalloperationlastyear.3.表語從句1)當主語是reason且后面的表語從句表示原因時通常用that引導;而當it,this或that作主語,后面的表語從句常用because或why引導。如：

Myreasonisthatthecostwillbetoohigh.Ihadtocatchthefirsttrain.That/This/ItwaswhyIleftsoearly.2)表語從句還可由asif/asthough引導。asif/asthough引導表語從句時,主句中的動詞可用be,seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel等。如：Shelooksasif/asthoughshehadseenaghost.Thismeattastesasif/asthoughithasalreadygonebad.4.同位語從句1)同位語從句通常由that引導，但whether,who,where等有時也可引導同位語從句。如：Tearsfilledhereyesatthethoughtthatshemightneverseehim.IhavenoideawhetherIshouldbuyacarornot.Thequestionwhogoesabroadonthisbusinesstourrequiresconsideration.2)可接同位語從句的通常是一些表示抽象意義的名詞,常見的有news,idea,fact,belief,message,conclusion,decision,doubt,hope,chance,thought等。如：WewereveryexcitedatthenewsthatourChineseathleteswonmanygoldmedals.Thefactthattheagreementwassignedwasimportant.3)同位語從句有時不直接跟在它所解釋說明的名詞后面,而是被其它成分隔開。如：Thequestioncameupatthemeetingwhetherwehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.三、引導名詞性從句的連接詞辨析1.what與that1)what引導名詞性從句時不僅起連接作用，而在從句中充當主語、賓語、表語、定語等。如：Whatmakestheschoolproudisthatmorethan90%ofitsstudentshavebeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.Hehasfullyliveduptowhathepromised.Iwanttoknowwhatthedifficultyisnow.Jackcollectedwhatinformationhecouldfind.2)that引導名詞性從句時只起連接作用,在從句中不作任何成分。2.whether與if1)whether引導的主語從句可位于句首或句尾,而if不能引導位于句首的主語從句。如：Whetheritrainsornotdoesn’tconcernme.It’sstilluncertainif/whetherhe’scomingornot.2)whether可引導表語從句和同位語從句,if則不能。如：Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.Weoughttodiscussthequestionwhetherweshoulddoit.3)whether可引導介詞后的賓語從句,if則不能。如：HewasworriedaboutwhetherhepassedtheEnglishexamination.4)whether后可直接跟ornot,if則不能。如：Ireallydon’tcarewhetherornothewillstay.3.whoever與whomever在正式語體中,whomever是whoever的賓格形式;在非正式語體中,人們用whoever來代替whomever。如：Whomeveryouinvitewillbewelcome.Giveittowhoever/whomeveryoulike.4.whatever與whichever與whatever相比，whichever常有明確的選擇范圍。如：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.Allthebooksarehere.Youmayborrowwhicheveryoulike.名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句和表語從句?？疾橐c主要是連接代詞和副詞的正確使用，主語、謂語的語序，雙重連接詞以及特殊句型的使用等。其考點主要包括：1.名詞性從句的連接詞。如：有詞義的連接代詞who,whose,whom,what,which;連接副詞when,where,why,how;從屬連詞that,whether,if,asif;無詞義的that在從句中不擔任成分，有時可省略。2.名詞性從句的語序和時態(tài)。3.it作形式主語、形式賓語的情況。1)It+be+形容詞+that從句2)It+be+過去分詞+that從句3)It+be+名詞+that從句4)It+不及物動詞(appear,happen等)+that從句4.名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣。如：1)Itis(was)+essential(important,natural…)+that…；2)Itis(was)suggested(demanded,wished,desired…)that…等。

5.what引導名詞性從句時的語義功能和語法功能。如：what=thethingthat/anythingthat…；what=theplacethat…；what=thetimethat…；what=thepersonthat…等。6.whoever,whatever,whichever引導名詞性從句時的語義功能和語法功能。重點考查連接詞that,what的用法；特殊疑問詞引導的名詞性從句；wh-ever引導的名詞性從句。

1.Itisnotaproblem_______wecanwinthebattle;it’sjustamatteroftime.(2020江蘇)A.whetherB.whyC.whenD.where2.Thisactoroftenhasthefirsttwotricksplannedbeforeperforming,andthengoesfor_______.(2020江蘇)A.whicheverB.wheneverC.whereverD.whateverAD3.Thestudentcompletedthisexperimenttomakecometrue_______ProfessorJosephhadsaid.(2020天津)A.thatB.whatC.whenD.whereB4.Sometimeafter10,000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylivedin,throughagriculture.Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesson_______couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.(2020浙江)what5.Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidence_______plasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.(2019江蘇)A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where6.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence_______theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.(2019全國I)Bthat7.Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemsmattermuchmorethan________theygo.(2019北京)8.Withouthissupport,wewouldn’tbe________wearenow.(2018北京)A.howB.whenC.whereD.whywhereC9.Thisis________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.(2018北京)A.howB.whichC.thatD.what10.Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichis________wearrived.(2018江蘇)A.whereB.whenC.whyD.howDDⅠ.選用方框內(nèi)合適的連接詞填空。1.—Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange?—OK,________youwant.2.Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?That's________thebestjobsare.3.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas________wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.that,what,where,when,whoever,whatever,whether,whywhateverwherewhen4.CouldIspeakto_______isinchargeofInternationalSales,please?5.I'mafraidhe'smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis______heneverfinishesanything.

6.Itdoesn'tmatter_______youturnrightorleftatthecrossing—bothroadsleadtothepark.7.Whenasked______theyneededmost,thekidssaidtheywantedtofeelimportantandloved.8.Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and______allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.that,what,whoever,whether,whywhoeverwhywhether

whatthat

II.將下面句子的畫線部分改為名詞性從句。1.Iheardofhisdeath.2.Idonotbelievehiswords.3.Hisfriendshopedforhisrecovery.4.Nobodyknowsthetimeofhisarrival.Iheardthathehaddied.Idonotbelievewhathehassaid.Hisfriendshopedthathewouldrecover.Nobodyknowswhenhewillarrive.5.Thereasonforhisfailureisunknown.6.Weexpectanimprovementinhisperformance.7.Theplaceoftheirmeetingwasknowntothepolice.Whyhehasfailedisunknown.Weexpectthattherewillbeanimprovementinhisperformance.Wheretheywouldmeetwasknowntothepolice.III.找出下面題中的錯誤并改正。1.Itdependsonifyouwanttodoitornot.2.Mrs.Scottassignedwhomeverwaslateextrahomework.

3.Itwasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.

4.Theproblemisifwewillbeabletofinishthetaskontime.if→whetherwhomever→whoeverIt→Whatif→whether

5.—Isthereanypossibilitywhatyoucouldpickmeupattheairport?—Noproblem.

6.Thatsuddenlyoccurredtohimthathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.

7.—IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.—That'swhyIdon'tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.

8.Youcanonlybesureofthatyouhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomethingyoumightgetinthefuture.what→thatThat→Itwhy→wherethat→whatIV.用適當?shù)倪B接詞補全下面對話。Tony:Zeya,you'reoneoftheveryfirstparticipantsintheprogram,sohere'sakindofobviousfirstquestion:tellme1.________youthinkofNationalService.Zeya:Ithinkit'sawonderfulprogram.It'sgivenmesomethingworthwhiletodoandit'shelpedmefigureout2.________mycareerisgoingtobe.Tony:Doyoubelievethatcitizensowetheircountrysomething?whatwhatZeya:Ido,yes.Thecountryhasgivenallofusalot.Inreturn,weallneedtodo3.____________wecanforthecountry.Tony:WhatareyoudoingforyourNationalServiceassignment?Zeya:I'mworkinginaliteracyprogram.Iteachpeoplewhoaren'tcompletelyliteratehowtoreadandwrite.Tony:Tellme4.________madeyoudecidetojointheNationalServiceProgram.whatever/whatwhat

Zeya:Well,Igraduatedfromhighschoolayearago,andIwasgoingtogorighttocollege.Butafterthirteenyearsofschool,IrealizedIwastired.Whatbecamereallycleartomewasthefact5.________Ijustwasn'treadyforseriousstudy.TheNationalServiceProgramhadjustbeenapproved,soIappliedandwasaccepted.Tony:GreatZeya,doyouthinkthisprogramisforeveryone?thatZeya:Well,Idon'tknow6._________everyonewouldbeinterested,butIdothinkthatjustaboutanyonecouldbenefitfromit.7.________isn'tgoingrightontocollegefromhighschooloughttogiveitseriousconsideration.Tony:Well,Zeya,thankyoufordoingthisinterviewandgoodluckinthefuture.Zeya:Mypleasur