被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)ThePassiveVoice(中考鏈接)ZhuangXiaoxiaLuoyangMiddleSchoolThejacket

ofwool.(make)It

forkeepingwarm.(use)It

inGuangzhou.(make)Pleasecompletethesentences.ismadeismadeisused●主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)，即主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（TheActiveVoice）和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（ThePassiveVoice）。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的承受者。如：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（ThePassiveVoice）eg.Weuseaknifeforcutting(主動(dòng)句).Aknifeisusedforcutting(被動(dòng)句)?！駱?gòu)成：be+Vt.PP（過(guò)去分詞）【考例1】．TheOlympicGames_________everyfouryears.[南京市]A．

areheldB．

wereheldC．a(chǎn)reholdingD．willhold【考例2】

TodayChinese_____bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.（南通市）

A.wasspokenB.isspokenC.spokeD.speak

【考點(diǎn)一】各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)●一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

表示現(xiàn)在或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。其構(gòu)成為：am／is／are+Vt.PPAB【考點(diǎn)一】各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)【考例3】一DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmeltterrible?一Yes．Infact，it

________.That‘sallbecauseofthepeopleandthefactoriesaround．[鹽城]A．polluted B．

waspolluted C．

haspolluted D．

waspollute【考例4】

Manytreesandflowers________inourschoollastyear，andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden．(南京)A．plantB．plantedC．haveplantedD．wereplanted●一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：was／were+Vt.PPBD【考點(diǎn)一】各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)【考例5】Somefamouspaintings_______inthehallnextweek.[淮安市]A.willshow B.wereshown C.isshownD.willbeshown【考例6】

Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnology________

intheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.gives（徐州市）●一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示從現(xiàn)在看將來(lái)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:will／shallbe+Vt.PP或am／is／aregoingtobe+Vt.PPDB【考點(diǎn)一】各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)【考例7】China’ssportsstarsYaoMingandLiuXiang_____GoodwillAmbassadors（親善大使）forShanghai.A.hasbeennamedB.havebeennamedC.hasnamedD.havenamed

（2006江蘇徐州）【考例8】

MyEnglishbook________.Ican’tlendittoyou.（連云港）

A.hasbeenlostB.waslostC.haslostD.lostBA●現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，且該動(dòng)作的結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響，此時(shí)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：have／hasbeen+Vt.PP【考點(diǎn)一】各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)●含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must/can/could/may/might/haveto+be+vt.p.p

【考例9】Twelve-year-oldsshouldnot

todriveinChina.[揚(yáng)州]A.allowB.beallowC.allowedD.beallowed【考例10】-Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage？-Alotofnewroads_____，Ithink.（蘇州）

A.havetobuildB.mustbuildC.havebuiltD.mustbebuiltDD【考點(diǎn)二】動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)beaskedtodobetoldtodobeinvitedtodobechosentodobeencouragedtodobeallowedtodoasksb.todotellsb.todoinvitesb.todochoosesb.todoencouragesb.todoallowsb.todo主動(dòng)被動(dòng)sb.【考例1】Studentsaretold________________(notcopy)others’homework.【考例2】張老師總是鼓勵(lì)我們盡可能多講英語(yǔ)。

We___________________________________EnglishasoftenaspossiblebyMr.Zhang【考例3】他們?cè)试S在這里吸煙嗎?__________they_________________smokehere?nottocopyarealwaysencouragedtospeakAreallowedto【考點(diǎn)三】省略“to”的不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)【考例1】Mary___thesongeverylunchtime.(無(wú)錫市)A.heardsingB.isheardsingingC.isheardtosingD.isheardsing【考例2】ThestudentsinGrade9________theirhomeworkformorethanthreehourseveryweekend.(淮安市)A.aremadedoB.aremadetodo

C.weremadedo

D.weremadetodo

BChearsb.dosee

sb.dowatchsb.do.

makesb.doletsbdohavesb.dofeelsbdonoticesbdo主動(dòng)被動(dòng)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中省略“to”的不定式，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中要加上“to”，如hear（聽(tīng)）；see、watch（看）；make、let、have（讓?zhuān)?；Feel（感覺(jué)）；notice（注意）等，口訣：一聽(tīng)二看三讓一感覺(jué)一注意。sb.

beheardtodobeseentodobewatchedtodobemadetodobelettodobehadtodobefelttodobenoticedtodo【考點(diǎn)四】帶雙賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

tellsthtosb.give

sth.tosb.showsthtosb.passsth.tosb.sellsth.tosb.lendsth.tosb.bringsth.tosb.buysth.forsb.makesthforsb.betoldtosb.begiventosb.beshowntosbbepassedtosb.besoldtosb.belenttosb.bebroughttosb.beboughtforsb.bemadeforsb.主動(dòng)被動(dòng)sth.（點(diǎn)撥：帶雙賓語(yǔ)，物做主語(yǔ)，注意介詞to還是for）【考例1】Theresultsoftheexam_________thestudents’parentsinthreedays.A.weretoldB.weretoldtoC.willbetoldD.willbetoldto【考例2】爸爸給我做了個(gè)風(fēng)箏。Akite__________________bymyfather.Dismadeforme【考點(diǎn)五】注意短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完整性

lookforsb.lookaftersb.takecareofsb.laugh

atsb.speaktosb.listentosb.belookedforbelookedafterbetakencareofbelaughedatbespokentobelistenedto主動(dòng)被動(dòng)【考例1】這個(gè)生病的孩子必須好好地照顧，以便他不久能去上學(xué)。

Thesickchildmust________________________sothathecangotoschoolsoon【考例2】Mustoldpeople_____politely?A.speakB.spokenC.bespokenD.bespokentosb.（注意：短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的介詞、副詞容易漏掉，須注意）betakengoodcare

ofbelookedafterwellDhandsth.insth.behandedin【考點(diǎn)六】過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)

過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞后，表示完成和被動(dòng)的意義，作用相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句?！究祭?】Heisreadinganovel

（write）byLuXun.【考例2】Someofthepeople

(invite)tothepartycan’tcome.written(=whichwaswritten)(=whohavebeeninvited)invited【考點(diǎn)七】不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況●不及物動(dòng)詞happen,takeplace(發(fā)生),breakout（爆發(fā)）comeout(出版,開(kāi)花)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)●某些感官動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞如look,sound,taste,smell,feel后加adj.做表語(yǔ)，主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義?！究祭?】Thewomanstilldoesn’tknowwhat

__________

(happen)inherhometownwhileshewasaway.【考例2】Hisnewnovel

____nextmonth.A.comeoutB.willcomeoutC.willbecomeout

D.cameout【考例3】What’swrongwiththeorange?It

terrible. A.istasting B.istasted C.tastes D.tasted【考例4】Thewater

(feel)verycold.happenedCfeelsB【考點(diǎn)七】不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況●某些可和well,easily等副詞連用的動(dòng)詞，如：sell,wash,write,ride…【考例5】Thiskindofbooks

well.They

outyesterday.A.issold,soldB.sell,soldC.issold,weresoldD.sel