Unit1FriendshipLearningaboutlanguageGrammarDirectspeech&IndirectspeechDirectandIndirectSpeechDiscoveringusefulstructures

PayattentiontohowyourteacherretellswhatAnnesaid!S:MynameisAnneFrankandmyfamilyisJewish.T:

ShesaidthathernamewasAnneFrankandherfamilywasJewish.

DirectspeechIndirectspeech____________________WarmingUp

PayattentiontohowyourteacherretellswhatAnnesaid!S:MyfamilyandIarehidinginAmsterdam.T:ShesaidthatsheandherfamilywerehidinginAmsterdam.DirectspeechIndirectspeech_________________WarmingUp

PayattentiontohowyourteacherretellswhatAnnesaid!S:MyonlytruefriendisKitty—mydiary.T:ShesaidthatheronlytruefriendwasKitty—herdiary.DirectspeechIndirectspeech_________________WarmingUp

PayattentiontohowyourteacherretellswhatAnnesaid!S:Afterhidinghereforalongtime,I’vebecomecrazyaboutnature.T:Shesaidthatafterhidingthereforalongtime,shehadbecomecrazyaboutnature.DirectspeechIndirectspeech__________________WarmingUp1.LookatthesentencesinExercise1ofyourStudent’sBookonpage5.Workinpairsandidentifythedifferencebetweendirectspeechandindirectspeechinthesentences.Differences:VerbtensesPronounformsWordorderAdverbialsoftime/placesIIGrammarStudy2.Grammar:DirectandIndirectSpeech(1)轉(zhuǎn)述他人的陳述→陳述句→SheaskedmewhatIwasdoing.1)Hesaid,“I’mgoingtoBeijing.”→HesaidthathewasgoingtoBeijing.2)Heasked,“Areyouateacher?”→Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasadoctor.3)Shesaid,“Whatareyoudoing?”2.轉(zhuǎn)述他人的疑問→一般疑問句3.轉(zhuǎn)述他人的問題→特殊疑問句直接引語變成間接引語，句子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化

Hesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall.”HesaidtousthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.

Hesaid,“I'llgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”

HetoldusthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextMonday.陳述句用連詞that引導，that在口語中常省略。主句的謂語動詞可直接用引語中的said,也可用told來代替，注意，可以說saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that，不可直接說toldthat解題步驟:1.陳述句:“Idon’tlikecomputers,”

Sarahsaidtoherfriends.SarahsaidtoherfriendsthatIdon’tlikecomputers.saiddidn’tsheSarahsaidtoherfriendsthat

shedidn’tlike

computers.Sarah一般疑問句

Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”

Heasked(me)whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,aren'tyou?”

HeaskedwhetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.間接引語用連詞whether或if引導，原主句中謂語動詞said要改為asked(me/him/us等)，語序是陳述句的語序2.一般疑問句:Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?(Theyaskedhim)They

asked

himifItiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.it

is

easytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.askediswasTheyaskedhimif

itwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.特殊疑問句

Hesaidtome，“What'syourname?”

Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.Heaskedus,“Howmanycarfactorieshavebeenbuiltinyourcountry?”Heaskedushowmanycarfactorieshadbeenbuiltinourcountry.原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞，主句的謂語動詞用ask(sb.)來表達，語序改為陳述句語序3.特殊疑問句：Whendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhenyouharvestthewheatyou

harvest

thewheat.heharvestedTheyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.選擇疑問句

Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”

HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.Iasked,“Willyoutakebusortaketrain?”Iaskedhimwhetherhewouldtakebusortaketrain.

用whether…or…表達，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or…

5.注意地點的變化在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時需要注意的變化1.注意時態(tài)的變化2.注意人稱變化。3.注意指示代詞的變化4.注意時間的變化6.注意個別趨向動詞的變化Whenyouchangeasentencefromdirectspeechtoindirectspeech,yousometimesneedtochangetheverbtense.Youmayalsoneedtochange

pronouns,timeinordertokeepthesamemeaning.Direct indirectPresent pastPast pastandpastperfectPresentperfect pastperfectPastperfect pastperfectTrytochangedirectspeechintoindirectspeech:Hesaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.Hesaidthatthetrainleavesat7:30p.m.HesaidthatRomeisn’tbuiltinaday.TomsaidhewasborninJuly,1978.Hesaid,“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”2.Hesaid,“Thetrainleavesat7:30p.m.”3.Hesaid,“Romeisn’tbuiltinaday.”4.Tomsaid,“IwasborninJuly,1978.”5.Shesays,“I’llneverforgetthedaysinthecountry.”Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthedaysinthecountry.1.主句謂語動詞的時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，在引述時，時態(tài)不變。2.當直接引語部分帶有具體的過去時間狀語時3.直接引語如果是客觀真理，時態(tài)不變4.當引語是諺語、格言時5.當直接引語中有情態(tài)動詞should,would,could,hadbetter,wouldrather,might,must,oughtto,usedto,need時

從句時態(tài)無須改變的還有以下情況:

直接引語

間接引語指示代詞

時間狀語

地點狀語方向性動詞

this,

that,

these

those

now,

then,

today

thatdaythisweek

thatweekyesterday

thedaybefore

lastweek

theweekbefore

fourdaysago

fourdaysbefore

thedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbefore

tomorrowthenextdaynextmonth

thenextmonthhere

therecome,

go,bringtake

直接引語中的助動詞間接引語中的助動詞shallshouldshouldShould（不變）willwouldwouldWould（不變）maymightmightMight（不變）cancouldcouldCould（不變）mustMust/hadtoTrytodoSBP.5Ex.2

Changethesentenceseitherintodirectspeechorindirectspeech:1.Annesaidthatshedidn’tknowtheaddressofhernewhome.2.Annetoldherfatherthatshehadgottiredoflookingatnaturethroughdirtycurtainsanddustywindows.3.Thegirlsaidthatshe

neededtopackupherthingsinthesuitcaseveryquickly.

IIIPractice4.Herfatheraskedherwhyshe

chose/hadchosen

herdiaryandoldletters.5.“Areyouveryhotwithsomanyclotheson?”Motherasked/saidtoher.6.“Whatelsehaveyouhiddenunderyourovercoat?”Margotaskedher.7.“Whenshallwegobackhome?”Anneaskedherfather.8.“Whydidyoutalksomuchtothatboy?”FatheraskedAnne.PracticePracticeActoutGM:What’stheweatherlikein…tomorrow?Ican’thearthemanclearlyontheTV.GS:That’sallright.Icanhelp.Themansaiditwasgoingtorain.GM:WhatdidhesayaboutShanghai?GS:….Exercises:1.Hesaid,“ImafraidIcan’tfinishthiswork.”2.Hesaid,“Ihaven’theardfromhimsinceMay.”

3.Tomsaid“Iwillseeyounextweek.”

Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn’tfinishthatwork.Hesaidthathehadn’theardfromhimsinceMay.Tomsaidthathewouldseemethenextweek.4.“Whywereyoulateagain?”Theteachersaidtome.

5.“Idon’tlikeswimming,”saidSarah.

6.HisfriendsaskedhimifhewouldgotoDalian.7.“HaveyoubeentoParis?”Myclassmateaskedme.TheteacheraskedmewhyIwaslateagain.Sarahsaidshedidn’tlikeswimming.Hisfriendsaskedhim,“WillyougotoDalian?”MyclassmateaskedmeifIhadbeentoParis.

1.DoWBP.42Ex.12.Reviewtherulesofthechangesfromdirectspeechintoindirectspeech.IVHomework1.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”Jacktoldmethat___worried___.A.helooks…todayB.youlook…todayC.welooked…thatdayD.Ilooked…thatdayExercises(8m)2.Wesaidtoher,“They’rewalkingthroughthestreetnow.”Wetoldherthat___throughthestreet___.A.wewerewalking…thenB.youarewalking…nowC.theywerewalking…thenD.theywalking…now3.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek.”MrBlacksaidthat__alongway__.A.Ihadwalked…lastweekB.hehadwalked…thatweekC.Iwalked…lastweekD.hehaswalked…thisweek4.Themanthought,“Ishalltakeitbacktomorrow.”Themanthoughtthat__takeitback____.A.Ishall…tomorrowB.Ishall…thenextdayC.heshould…tomorrowD.hewould…thenextday5.Theysaidtous,“Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse?”Theyaskedus____afraidtoleave_____house.A.thatwerewe…thisB.thatwewere…thatC.ifwerewe…thisD.ifwewere…that6.Janesaid,“Whatdidhehearaboutaweekago?”Janeasked____about_____.A.thatheheard…aweekagoB.whathehadheard…theweekbeforeC.whathehadherd…aweekagoD.ifheheard…theweekago7.Sheasked,“Whosehousewillhebreakintonexttime?”Sheaskedwhosehouse____breakinto_____.A.willhe…nexttimeB.wouldhe…thenexttime