2021屆全國新高考英語沖刺備考

被動語態(tài)與動詞不定式的被動式2021屆全國新高考英語沖刺備考

被動語態(tài)與動詞不定式的1ItwasgoingtobetestedoutbyLarry’swife.Larry’swifewasgoing______________.2.Therobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.Therobotwouldn’tharmherorallowanyoneelse_____________.3.Itwasridiculoustobeofferedsympathybearobot.Itwasridiculous___arobot________hersympathy.totestitouttoharmherfortoofferItwasgoingtobetestedout24.Bythattime,Tonyexpectedthehousetobecompletelytransformed.Bythattime,Tonyexpected__________thehousecompletely.5.Whatasweetvictorytobeenviedbythosewomen!Whatasweetvictoryitwasforthosewomen_______me!totransformtoenvy4.Bythattime,Tonyexpected3被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成:一般現(xiàn)在時：一般過去時：一般將來時：過去將來時：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：過去進(jìn)行時：現(xiàn)在完成時：過去完成時：情態(tài)動詞：動詞不定式：be+doneam∕is∕aredonewas∕weredonewill∕shall+bedonewould∕should+bedoneam∕is∕are+beingdonewas∕were+beingdonehave∕has+beendonehad+beendone情態(tài)動詞

+bedoneto+bedone被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成:be+done4被動語態(tài)用法⑴不知道，或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。Thebook__________(write)forchildren.⑵談話的中心是動作的承受者。Mybike__________(steal)lastnight.⑶沒有必要說出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。It___well_______(know)thattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.

iswrittenwasstolenisknown被動語態(tài)用法iswrittenwasstoleni5漢語中有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，但譯成英語時要用被動語態(tài)。(1)Itissaidthat…

據(jù)說…(2)Itisreportedthat…

據(jù)報道…(3)Itisbelievedthat…

有人相信…(4)Itiswell-knownthat…

眾所周知…(5)Itisconsideredthat…

人們認(rèn)為…(6)Itissupposedthat…

據(jù)推測…(7)Itisestimatedthat…

據(jù)估計…漢語中有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，但譯成英語時要用被動語態(tài)。6

7mendSomeonehasmendedtheTVset.SomeoneTheTVsethasbeenmendedbysomeone.mendSomeonehasmendedtheTVse8caught,themouseThemousewascaught.caught,themouseThemousewas9bought,weddingringTheweddingringwasbought.bought,weddingringTheweddin10Themasks（口罩）arebeingwornduringthewinter.

wearingthemasksThemasks（口罩）arebeingworn11wears,anewhatAnewhatisoftenworn.wears,anewhatAnewhatiso12willsave,Thebabyindangerwillbesavedthebabyindangerwillsave,Thebabyindanger13被動語態(tài)訓(xùn)練題:1.Manytrafficaccidents_____________(cause)bycarelessdriving.2.Asoundofpiano____________(hear)inmyneighbor’sroomeverynight.3.She_____________(take)tothehospitalbyataxilastnight.arecausedisheardwastaken被動語態(tài)訓(xùn)練題:arecausedisheardw144.Themayorsaidthebridge________________(build)nextyear.5.Mycar________________(repair)soIcan’tlendittoyou.6.Whenwegottothemeetingroom,wefoundthespeech___________________(cancel).7.The2012OlympicGames_____________(hold)inLondon.wouldbebuiltisbeingrepairedwereheldhadbeencancelled4.Themayorsaidthebridge_158.Thechildren__________________________(takecareof)bytheirgrandmotherwhentheirmotherhasbeenonbusiness.9.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium_________________(build)inBeijing.arebeingtakengoodcareofhadbeenbuilt8.Thechildren______________1610.Ameeting_________________(hold)whenIgottotheofficethismorning.11.Hundredsofjobs_______________(lose)ifthefactorycloses.12.Thebabyshould________________(take)goodcareofbythebaby-sitter.willbelostbetakenwasbeingheld10.Ameeting_______________17當(dāng)不定式動詞與其邏輯主語之間是被動關(guān)系時，不定式要用被動語態(tài)。1）動詞不定式一般式被動語態(tài)：tobedone含義：不定式的動作與謂語動作（幾乎）同時發(fā)生，或發(fā)生在謂語動作之后。1.Heorderedthebridge____________(build)withinthemonth.2.Thelittlechild’swishis___________(take)toDisneyland.tobebuilttobetaken當(dāng)不定式動詞與其邏輯主語之間是被動關(guān)系時，不定式要用被動語態(tài)183.Theheadteacherdemandstheclassroom_____________(clean).4.Theyasked__________(send)tothewestofChinatoworkasteachers.

2）動詞不定式完成式的被動語態(tài)：

tohavebeendone含義：表示不定式動作的邏輯主語是不定式動作的承受者,又表示其動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞的動作之前。tobecleanedtobesent3.Theheadteacherdemandsth191.Iamglad__________________(give)achancetoimprovemyEnglish.2.Itisagreathonorforhim___________________(elect)amodelworker.3.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth,sheseems_________________(tell)everything.

tohavebeengiventohavebeenelectedtohavebeentold1.Iamglad_________________20練習(xí)題:1.Hewantedtheletter________________(type)atonce.2.Itisthefirstsuchproject______________(design)byChineseengineers(工程師)

.3.Theyknewhim____________________(arrest逮捕，拘捕)bythepolice.4.It’sanhonour______________(invite)totheceremony(典禮，儀式)

.tobetypedtobedesignedtohavebeenarrestedtobeinvited練習(xí)題:tobetypedtobedesign215.Shedidn’tlike______________(treat)asachild.6.Hisdreamwas________________(admit)toagooduniversity.7.Therearealotofthings____________________(discuss).8.Shewassentthere________________(train)forthespaceflight.tobetreatedtobeadmittedtobediscussedtobetrained5.Shedidn’tlike___________229.Thenovelissaid_____________________(translate)intomanylanguages.10.Thesearethebooks_______________(give)outtothestudents.11.Heasked_______________(send)totheplacewherehewasmostneeded.tohavebeentranslatedtobegiventobesent9.Thenovelissaid_________231.It’sanhonourtobeinvitedtotheceremony.2.Shedidn’tliketobetreatedasachild.3.Hisdreamwastobeadmittedtoagooduniversity.4.Therearealotofthingstobediscussed.5.Shewassenttheretobetrainedforthespaceflight.作主語作賓語作表語作定語作狀語不定式的被動式在句中作什么成分1.It’sanhonourtobeinvite24注意：1)感官動詞和一些使役動詞的不定式的主動形式要省去to，但在變成被動語態(tài)后需要加上to。能這樣用的動詞有:make,have,let,see,hear,notice,listento,watch等。如：我們常?？吹剿@樣做。Weoftenseehimactlikethat.=Heisoftenseentoactlikethat.注意：252)有些動詞有時要用主動形式表示被動意義1)有些不及物動詞或短語如exist,appear,happen等。2)連系動詞feel,sound,taste,keep,prove等。Yourhandfeelssocold.Whynotputonyourovercoat?2)有些動詞有時要用主動形式表示被動意義263)在Therebe/seem…+主語+todo表示存在