任務(wù)型閱讀解題技巧課件《2011年江蘇省高考考試說明》英語科的任務(wù)型閱讀要求考生根據(jù)所讀，用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語補(bǔ)全文章提綱、概括關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容或作關(guān)鍵詞語轉(zhuǎn)換。任務(wù)型閱讀是根據(jù)《普通高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn))》提出的“優(yōu)化學(xué)習(xí)方式，提高自主學(xué)習(xí)能力即通常強(qiáng)調(diào)的Learnthroughdoing”的理念而設(shè)計(jì)，旨在考查考生根據(jù)學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)的需要用英語獲取信息、處理信息、分析和解決問題能力——真正達(dá)到培養(yǎng)學(xué)生英語思維的能力。該題型要求考生在閱讀所給語言材料的基礎(chǔ)上對相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行加工，在讀透文章、把握主題、理清文脈和審清題意的基礎(chǔ)上以完成表格或圖表的形式完成相關(guān)文字表達(dá)的任務(wù)。《2011年江蘇省高考考試說明》英語科的任務(wù)型閱讀要求考生根從《2011年江蘇省高考考試說明》英語科的任務(wù)型閱讀提供的兩種考查示例——表格狀和樹狀圖表——來看，均綜合了理解、分析、概括和書面表達(dá)等能力。也就是說，要求考生根據(jù)閱讀文章提供的信息用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語完成與短文相關(guān)的圖表。主要考查學(xué)生獲取信息的能力(對應(yīng)信息查找題)、加工處理信息能力(對應(yīng)信息轉(zhuǎn)換題)和概括表達(dá)信息能力(對應(yīng)信息歸納題)。

從《2011年江蘇省高考考試說明》英語科的任務(wù)型閱讀提供的兩1．閱讀文章前：觀察圖表(1)看是否有標(biāo)題/是否需要填標(biāo)題，注意利用所給標(biāo)題了解文章大意。(2)瀏覽表格，大致了解文章結(jié)構(gòu)，注意利用已給信息了解文章主線。(3)看是否需要統(tǒng)一的形式。2．閱讀文章后：進(jìn)行填詞(1)首先通覽全文，利用表格中的信息提示，準(zhǔn)確地在文中找到答案的信息來源。(2)選詞要盡可能完整，準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)出文中信息；先確定詞義，再確定詞性，最后確定出所選詞的適當(dāng)?shù)脑~形變化。動(dòng)詞要注意時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，名詞要注意單復(fù)數(shù)，形容詞、副詞要注意各自不同的修飾功能，連詞要注意行文的邏輯關(guān)系。1．閱讀文章前：觀察圖表3．填詞后：通讀表格(1)再次確保答案與表格內(nèi)容的一致性。(2)注意語意是否流暢，確保語意和語法兩個(gè)方面都正確。[解題小竅門](1)注意表格中易于定位的信息提示如表格中人名，地名，數(shù)字，年代，專有名詞等。(2)注意不僅要學(xué)會(huì)從文中找答案源，也要注意表格本身蘊(yùn)涵的信息。(3)注意在日常學(xué)習(xí)中注意單詞詞形相互轉(zhuǎn)換以及同義單詞和詞組間的轉(zhuǎn)化。

3．填詞后：通讀表格1．信息查找題解題關(guān)鍵是根據(jù)問題查找定位信息。常用方法是帶著問題有意識地在關(guān)鍵處做標(biāo)記。如：(1)5Wand1H：who，what，when，where，why，how；(2)時(shí)間先后：first，then，after，that，next，finally；(3)因果：because，thus，leadto，cause，asaresult；(4)比較：similarly，differently；(5)轉(zhuǎn)折：but，while，however，instead，onthecontrary。1．信息查找題2．信息轉(zhuǎn)換題解題關(guān)鍵：是根據(jù)問題查找定位信息，加工分析并轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種表達(dá)方式。常見的轉(zhuǎn)換方式有：(1)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(2)句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換(3)同義詞和反義詞轉(zhuǎn)換。由于此類題是高考最?？嫉念}型，這里結(jié)合近年來的高考題做具體的講解。(1)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，即練習(xí)將一種詞類轉(zhuǎn)換成另一種詞類，主要包括動(dòng)詞與名詞轉(zhuǎn)換、形容詞與副詞轉(zhuǎn)換、形容詞與名詞轉(zhuǎn)換。解題方法很簡單，只要在文中找到關(guān)鍵詞即可。如：2．信息轉(zhuǎn)換題①原文：beresponsibleforyourownlearning...轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Take(76)________forone'sownlearning.分析：抓住關(guān)鍵詞responsible，將它轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞。答案為responsibility。②原文：Positive，negative，andneutralmessagesthatyoureceivefromothersallplayaroleindeterminingwhoyouare.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Messagesfromothershelpyou(73)________whoyouare.分析：抓住關(guān)鍵詞determining，將此動(dòng)名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)詞原形，因有詞組letsb.do...。答案為determine/define/know/understand。①原文：beresponsibleforyourow③原文：Communicationinvolvesothersinthesensethatacompetentcommunicatorconsiderswhattheotherpersonneedsandexpectswhenselectingmessagestoshare.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Needsand(74)________ofothersshouldbeconsidered.分析：抓住關(guān)鍵詞expect，將它轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞。答案為expectations/hopes/desires/wishes。④原文：Withalltheinformationavailable，it'snotsurprisingthatpeoplecanfeelconfused.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Thereisalotjobinformationon-line，buttoomuchofitmaysometimesbe(77)________．分析：抓住關(guān)鍵詞confused，由于題目中的主語是toomuchofit，因此答案為confusing。③原文：Communicationinvolvesoth⑤原文：Regularlyupdated，thehandbookisavailableasabookandon-line.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Theinformationisupdatedina(78)________manner.分析：抓住關(guān)鍵詞regularly，轉(zhuǎn)換成形容詞。答案為regular⑥原文：Youcanalsolearnhowtoapplyforjobs.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Itsvastresourcesincludewaysofjob(79)________．分析：抓住關(guān)鍵詞apply，轉(zhuǎn)換成名詞。答案為application。⑦原文：It'sworthtakingthetimeandfindingasmuchinformationasyoucan.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Thetimeyouspendandtheeffortsyoumakewillbe(85)________．分析：抓住關(guān)鍵詞worth，轉(zhuǎn)換成形容詞。答案為worthwhile。⑤原文：Regularlyupdated，thehand(2)句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換。做此類題首先要理解題意，其次仔細(xì)比較原句和題目，明白出題人的意圖，只要找出題眼就不難得出答案。①原文：Buteverydayweexperiencethecentralityofourselvesincommunication.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Wearealways(71)________incommunicationwithothers.分析：首先要將原文句意理解透徹，題意為每一天我們在溝通中都是以自我為中心的。其次分析出題人的意圖，找出題眼，本題是如何將題眼thecentralityofourselves轉(zhuǎn)換為一個(gè)表語，就本題應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞。答案為self-centered/subjective。(2)句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換。做此類題首先要理解題意，其次仔細(xì)比較原句②原文：Weareconstantlyprovidingbehaviorsthathavecommunicativevalueforthem.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Weareconstantly(78)________meaningsbywhatwedo.分析：本題題意不難理解，即：我們應(yīng)常向他人提供有交際價(jià)值的行為。出題人的意圖是：havecommunicativevalue＝(79)________meanings，答案為conveying/expressing。③原文：Yoursecondexperiencewithasimilarsettingandpersonmadefardifferentresults.轉(zhuǎn)換成表格中：Yonmayredotheconversation，butyou(80)________achievethesameresults.分析：很容易看出本題的意圖：madefardifferentresults＝________achievethesameresults，答案為can't/cannot。②原文：Weareconstantlyprovidin(3)同義詞和反義詞轉(zhuǎn)換，即練習(xí)將一個(gè)詞的反義詞找出來。做此類題的技巧如下：①以前綴和后綴來表示，例如：happy→unhappy，like→dislike，等。例題如下：原句：Shethoughtherhusbandwasfaithfultoher.Butthediscoveryshockedher.轉(zhuǎn)換為：Thediscoverythatherhusbandwas________toherwasashockingtoher.分析：由原句中的后半句知Herhusbandwasnotfaithfultoher。因此需要找出一個(gè)和notfaithful意義相同的詞。答案為unfaithful。(3)同義詞和反義詞轉(zhuǎn)換，即練習(xí)將一個(gè)詞的反義詞找出來。做此②有很多詞并沒有前綴和后綴形式的標(biāo)志，如old→young，long→short，different→same等。例題如下：原句：HeseldomvisitedhisfriendTomafterthequarrellasttime.轉(zhuǎn)換為：Butforthequarrellasttime，hewouldbea________visitortohisfriend，Tom.分析：仔細(xì)分析原句，知本題關(guān)鍵是找出seldom的反義詞，而且能修飾visitor。答案為frequent。②有很多詞并沒有前綴和后綴形式的標(biāo)志，如old→young，③以詞組形式出現(xiàn)，如：begoodat→beweakin，getinto→getoutof，turnon→turnoff，turndown→turnup，beawake→beasleep，catchupwith→fallbehind,both...and...→neither...nor...等。例題如下：原句：Everythinginthehousewasneatandtidy.Butthenaughtyboychangeditthoroughly.轉(zhuǎn)換為：Thenaughtyboylefteverythinginthehouseina________.分析：本題關(guān)鍵是找出一個(gè)和in搭配的固定短語作為neatandtidy的反義短語。答案為mess。③以詞組形式出現(xiàn)，如：begoodat→beweak3．信息歸納題解題關(guān)鍵是根據(jù)問題查找定位信息，找共性的東西。歸納詞的特征有：概括性——在最大程度上覆蓋欄內(nèi)信息；針對性——量體裁衣，適度性；醒目性，簡潔性。常見的概括性詞有：原因：reason，cause；結(jié)果：result，effect；目的：aim，purpose；方法：measure，solution，way，method；觀點(diǎn)：opinion，view，attitude；異同：differences，similarities；優(yōu)劣：advantages，disadvantages；其它：time，purpose，behavior，feeling。3．信息歸納題1．注意審題(1)表格的結(jié)構(gòu)(2)填空句的結(jié)構(gòu)2．注意表達(dá)(1)整個(gè)文章結(jié)構(gòu)(大小標(biāo)題)(2)內(nèi)容表達(dá)3．注意語法(1)字母大小寫(2)名詞的數(shù)和格(3)動(dòng)詞的形式(4)形容詞、副詞的比較級、最高級(5)連詞，介詞(6)時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)、非謂語形式等。1．注意審題[特別提醒]1．務(wù)必狠抓表格。表格是文章的提煉和精華，文章只能提供要點(diǎn)的原始出處，所以切記不可隨意照搬原文的詞。2．務(wù)必注意形式。有時(shí)并不是在文中找到原詞就可以的，還要根據(jù)表格的需要進(jìn)行詞形變換和語法處理。3．務(wù)必左顧右盼。表格中的相似格就有很強(qiáng)的暗示作用，解題時(shí)留意相似格可以更快更準(zhǔn)確地把握空格的詞形。4．務(wù)必做好檢查。如大小寫、第三人稱單數(shù)、雙寫后綴等細(xì)節(jié)極容易出錯(cuò)，最后檢查一遍很有必要。此外，該大寫的字母一定要突出一些。[特別提醒]任務(wù)型閱讀解題技巧課件任務(wù)型閱讀解題技巧課件任務(wù)型閱讀解題技巧課件1．略讀。快速瀏覽全文，理清文章基本結(jié)構(gòu)。抓住文章的框架及每段大意。2．掃讀。掃讀圖表，分析表格結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容；準(zhǔn)確定位填空的要求；捕捉信息點(diǎn)查讀；以便帶著問題找讀。3．細(xì)讀。帶著問題，找到文章對應(yīng)點(diǎn)，確認(rèn)題型，分析整理歸納信息并且準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)信息。深入理解文章內(nèi)容，分析整合信息、準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)。歸納概括，轉(zhuǎn)換信息正確表述。4．復(fù)查。復(fù)讀文章，反復(fù)揣摩所填之詞是否符合文章內(nèi)容，其拼寫是否正確。1．略讀?？焖贋g覽全文，理清文章基本結(jié)構(gòu)。抓住文章的框架及Passage1“FourTigers”CeremonyoftheTuMinorityHeigoudingVillage，LeduCountyinthewestofQinghaiprovinceisaplacewheremanypeopleoftheTuminorityhavelivedforcenturies.Asthelittlevillageiscomparativelyclosedtotheoutsideworld，acustomcalled“FourTigers”wascreated200yearsagotoprotectitsinhabitants(棲息地)fromsicknessandbadluck.EveryyeartheceremonyisheldontheeveofJanuary15thaccordingtotheChineselunarcalendartofrightenoffghostsandevilsouls，andtoprayforpeace.

Normallyfourlocalvillagersareselectedtobethe“tigers”intheceremony.Atfirst，theygatheredwithvillageeldersatthemountain-godtempletooffersacrificesofwine，foodandincense，andtoaskthegodtohelpthetigers.Thenthetigerswereadornedwithherbs，candlesandtwobatchesofincensetoserveasthetiger'sears.Tworedribbonsheldintheirmouthsrepresentedthetiger'stongue.The“Tigers”drankwine，kneltandkowtowedtothemountain-godbeforetheyreceivedHada，akindofwhitesilkscarfrepresentingrespectsandgoodluck，fromthevillageheadwithfirecrackerscrackling.NormallyfourlocalvillagersAsnightfell，thecandlesonthetigers'bodieswerelitandthetigersbegantheirvisitstoonehouseholdafteranother.Villagersfollowed，shouting“Tigersarecoming！”Theelderfromeachhouseholdwelcomedthetigersatthegate，whiletherestofthefamilykneltdowninthecourtyard.Firecrackersweresetoff，atoastmadeandcandies，meatandwinewerepresentedtothevillagersfollowingthetigers.Aftertwirling(快速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng))inthreecirclesinthecourtyardwhilethosepresentkowtowedandprayed，thetigerswentthrougheverycornerofeveryroomtodriveawayanyhidingghosts.Iftherewasasickpersoninthehouse，thetigersjumpedaroundhimorher，scratchedtheirbodyandsaidluckywordstodriveawaydiseasesandghosts.Aftertheceremony，thefamilywouldpresentwineandfoodtothetigers.Then，shouting“Thetigersareleaving！”thewholefamilysawthemoff.Aftervisitingall30or40households，theherbswereremovedfromthetigersandburned，toindicatethatalltheghostshadbeenconquered.Thenthevillagerskneltandkowtowedwiththesoundoffirecrackers，markingtheendoftheceremony.Asnightfell，thecandlesontThetigerimageexistsinotherminoritygroups，also.Inancienttimes，peopleentrustedtheirhappinesstogods.The“fourtigers”ceremonyisvividlyheldinmemoryofancienttimesandalivingfossilforacademicsstudyingthelivesofancientpeople.Asitisnotpopularnowadays，thisculturalheritageisontheedgeofextinctionandneedstoberescued.Thetigerimageexistsinothe任務(wù)型閱讀解題技巧課件答案：71.Procedure/Steps/Course72.drive/frighten73．pray74.avoid/prevent

75.chosen/selected76.tigers77.burned/burnt78.kneel79.vivid80.study答案：71.Procedure/Steps/Course7Passage2Whenitcomestotheworldofcomputers，greencomputingisbecomingoneofthemostpopulartrends.But，whatexactlyisgreencomputing?Theterm“greencomputing”isonethatisbeingusedinmanydifferentmarketsandareasallovertheworldintoday'sglobaltechnology.Yet，manycomputerusersouttherearen'tsurewhatitmeans.Greencomputingisactuallyprettyeasytoexplainandtodo－itisbasicallylearningtousecomputerresourcesmoreefficientlytohelptheenvironmentaswellasmakingenergysavings.Themaingoalofagreencomputingprogramistoreducetheuseofenergyandmaterialsthatharmtheenvironment.Greencomputinghelpstopromotetheuseofbiodegradableproductsandrecyclecomputerpartswheneverpossible.

Greencomputingstartedasearlyas1992，whentheEPAcreatedEnergyStar，whichisavoluntarylabelingprogramthatpromotesenergyefficientcomputingequipmentandtechnologies.Itwasbecauseofthisprogramthatmanycomputermanufacturerslaunchedsleepmodeandmillionsofcomputerusersaroundtheworldbegantoadoptthispolicytohelpsaveenergywhentheywerenotusingtheircomputers.Theterm“greencomputing”begantobeusedaroundthesametimeaswell，andbegantobecomeagoalthatmorecompaniesstrivetomeetovertheyears.Thereareseveralgovernmentagenciesthathavecontinuedtohelpstriveforbetterstandardsforcomputersandpromotegreenpromoting.EnergyStarwasactuallyrevisedinOctoberof2006tomaketherequirementsstricterforcomputers，andalsoimplementedarankingsystemforproducts.Becauseofthesenewrequirements，thereareover20statesthathavenowestablishedaspecialrecyclingprogramforoldcomputersandelectronicstohelpwithgreencomputing.

GreencomputingstartedasearManyoftoday'sITsystemsarebeginningtorelyonbothpeopleandha