DNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

ofOffshore

Structures”DNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures

This

is

what’s

all

about01/10/20222VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures

Course

Purpose.

培訓(xùn)目的To

give

a

brief

overview

of

DNV

offshore

standards.介紹

DNV

海工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)To

give

basic

knowledge

of

fabrication

standard

OS

C-401介紹海工建造標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

OS

C-401

的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)01/10/20223VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures

DNV’s

ROLE

IN

OFFSHORE

CLASSIFICATIONDET

NORSKE

VERITAS

(DNV)

is

an

autonomous

and

independentfoundation

with

the

objectives

of

safeguarding

life,

property

and

theenvironment,

at

sea

and

onshore.DET

NORSKE

VERITAS(

簡(jiǎn)稱

DNV)

是一家獨(dú)立的公司。致力于在海上或海岸上保護(hù)工作人員的生命，公共財(cái)產(chǎn)及設(shè)備的安全和對(duì)環(huán)境進(jìn)行保護(hù)。DNV

undertakes

classification,

certification,

and

other

verification

andconsultancy

services

relating

to

quality

of

ships,

offshore

units

andinstallations,

and

onshore

industries

worldwide,

and

carries

out

researchin

relation

to

these

functions.DNV

提供在下列領(lǐng)域內(nèi)為客戶提供分級(jí)、驗(yàn)證、認(rèn)證和咨詢服務(wù)：造船、海工部件和安裝、海岸工程以及在這些相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)研究。

01/10/20224

VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

Offshore

Standards

海工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包括：uuuuuuuuuuuuA:

Quality

and

Safety

Methodology

質(zhì)量和安全控制方法B:

Materials

Technology材料技術(shù)C:

Structures結(jié)構(gòu)D:

Systems系統(tǒng)E:

Special

Facilities特殊設(shè)備F:

Pipelines

and

Risers安裝管道和豎管A

B

CD

E

F01/10/20225VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures

Offshore

Standards.

海工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Provide

technical

provisions

and

acceptance

criteria

forgeneral

use

by

the

offshore

industry

as

well

as

the

technicalbasis

for

DNV

offshore

services.海工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為海工建造提供技術(shù)條款和可接受的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)01/10/20226VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures

Recommended

Practices.Provide

proven

technology

and

sound

engineering

practice

aswell

as

guidance

for

the

higher

level

Offshore

ServiceSpecifications

and

Offshore

Standards.提供技術(shù)和錄音實(shí)例以及提供高水平的海工服務(wù)規(guī)格和海工標(biāo)準(zhǔn)指南。01/10/20227VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures

DNV

Offshore

Codes

are

offered

within

the

following

areas:----------------A)

Qualification,

Quality

and

Safety

Methodology

資格、品質(zhì)和安全控制方法B)

Materials

Technology

材料技術(shù)C)

Structures

結(jié)構(gòu)D)

Systems

系統(tǒng)E)

Special

Facilities

特殊設(shè)備F)

Pipelines

and

Risers

安裝管道和豎管G)

Asset

Operation

資產(chǎn)管理H)

Marine

Operations

海工運(yùn)營(yíng)01/10/20228VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

Difference

Ship

Rules

versus

Offshore

rules

船舶規(guī)范與海工規(guī)范不同的原因

Rules

for

Offshore

projects

are

in

some

areas

quite

different

from

the

traditional

Ship

Rules,

due

to

long

time

on

location

with

no

or

limited

possibilities

leave

the

location.

(>

20

–

25

years

service

time)

海工產(chǎn)品必須在海上持續(xù)工作

20

－

25

年

船舶可以進(jìn)塢進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)（中間檢驗(yàn)、特檢）01/10/20229VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

Some

important

aspects:

幾個(gè)重要方面

-

Structural

integrity

and

strength

(Loads

based

on

environmental

conditions

on

actual

location)

-

結(jié)構(gòu)形式和強(qiáng)度（載荷根據(jù)工作地點(diǎn)的實(shí)際環(huán)境）

-

Accidental

loads

to

be

included

in

Design

Loads

(DAL)

-

設(shè)計(jì)載荷還考慮到可能受到的意外載荷

-

Fatigue

(attention

to

details)

疲勞問(wèn)題

-

Maintenance

保養(yǎng)維修

-

Corrosion

protection

防腐

-

In

service

inspection

(

Access

etc.

should

be

planned

and

provided

during

newbuilding

phase)

使用過(guò)程中的檢驗(yàn)

-

Increased

reliability

of

Marine

systems,

utility

systems

and

equipment.

-

提高各種系統(tǒng)和設(shè)備、設(shè)施的可靠性

-

Safety

systems

(Fire,

explosion,

abandon

installation

etc.)

-

防火、防爆、逃生等安全系統(tǒng)

-

Shelf

state

requirements

to

accommodation

and

working

environment

-

當(dāng)?shù)氐木幼『凸ぷ鳝h(huán)境要求01/10/202210VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”DNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”DNV-OS-C401

海工結(jié)構(gòu)建造和試驗(yàn)

-

CH.

1

INTRODUCTION

介紹

-

CH.

2

TECHNICAL

PROVISIONS

技術(shù)條款

-

CH.

3

CERTIFICATION

AND

CLASSIFICATION

驗(yàn)證與入級(jí)01/10/202211VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

CH.

1

INTRODUCTION

A

200

Objective

201

The

objectives

of

this

standard

are

to:

Provide

an

internationally

acceptable

standard

to

ensure

the

quality

of

all

welding

operations

used

in

offshore

fabrication,

through

identifying

appropriate

welding

procedures,

welder

qualifications

and

test

methods.

提供國(guó)際認(rèn)可的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)對(duì)焊接程序、焊工資格和測(cè)試方法的認(rèn)證來(lái)保障

海工焊接質(zhì)量

Serve

as

a

technical

reference

document

in

contractual

matters

between

purchaser

and

contractor.

為買方和承包人就合同問(wèn)題提供技術(shù)參考文件

Serve

as

guideline

for

designer,

purchaser

and

contractor

為設(shè)計(jì)者、買方和承包商提供指導(dǎo)

Specify

minimum

requirements

for

welding

operations

subject

to

DNV

certification

and

classification.

將焊接工作的要求最細(xì)化，使其符合

DNV

的認(rèn)證和分級(jí)要求01/10/202212VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

Chapter

2

Technical

provisions第二章：技術(shù)條款-------Sec.

1

Welding

Procedures

and

Qualification

of

Welders

焊接工藝和焊工取證Sec.

2

Fabrication

and

Tolerances

建造與公差Sec.

3

Non-Destructive

Testing

無(wú)損探傷Sec.

4

Other

Tests

其它試驗(yàn)Sec.

5

Corrosion

Protection

Systems

防腐系統(tǒng)Sec.

6

Miscellaneous

其它01/10/202213VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

Sec.

1

Welding

Procedures

and

Qualification

of

Welders

焊接工藝與焊工取證

Welding

procedures

焊接工藝

Pre-Welding

Procedure

Specification

to

be

prepared

and

accepted

by

purchaser.

焊接預(yù)試驗(yàn)工藝必須得到船東認(rèn)可

WPQT

to

be

based

on

accepted

Pre-WPS

按照焊接預(yù)試驗(yàn)工藝進(jìn)行焊接工藝認(rèn)可試驗(yàn)

WPS

may

be

based

on

purchaser

accepted

WPQT

and

in

conformance

with

an

agreed

qualification

scheme.

焊接工藝建立在焊接工藝認(rèn)可實(shí)驗(yàn)及其質(zhì)量控制方案

WPS

shall

reflect

conditions

and

equipment

used

for

the

actual

production

welding.

焊接工藝須反映實(shí)際工作所使用的設(shè)備和相關(guān)條件

WPS

shall

reflect

the

working

environment

for

the

work

shop

or

site

where

the

production

welding

will

be

performed.

焊接工藝須反映實(shí)際工作場(chǎng)所的工作環(huán)境

Specific

requirements

to

WPQT

for

C-Mn

steels

are

found

in

OS-C401

Ch.2,

Sec.1,

C.

關(guān)于

C-Mn

系鋼的焊接工藝與焊工資格的具體要求，詳見

OS-C401

Ch.2,

Sec.1,

C.01/10/202214VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

A

WPS

can

be

established

by

one

of

the

following

methods:

編制焊接工藝說(shuō)明書的方法：Performing

of

welding

procedure

test

(WPQT)

and

subsequentreview

of

the

welding

procedure

qualification

records

(WPQR)進(jìn)行焊接工藝評(píng)定試驗(yàn)，并對(duì)相關(guān)記錄進(jìn)行評(píng)定Review

of

previously

qualified

welding

procedures

tests(WPQT)

which

has

been

witnessed

by

a

party

recognized

bythe

purchaser對(duì)其它船級(jí)社或其它組織認(rèn)可的焊接工藝評(píng)定記錄進(jìn)行評(píng)定Review

of

WPS

評(píng)定焊接工藝說(shuō)明書Review

and

verification

of

documentation

showing

successfulapplication

of

welding

procedures

over

a

prolonged

period

oftime.

對(duì)經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期使用后被認(rèn)為是成功的焊接工藝進(jìn)行評(píng)定、驗(yàn)證01/10/202215VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

Welders

qualification

焊工的評(píng)定

Welders

who

are

welding

in

manual

or

partly

mechanized

welding

processes

shall

be

qualified

in

accordance

with

a

recognized

standard

(E.g.

EN

287,

ISO

9609,

ASME

IX

or

ANSI/AWS

D1.1)

手工焊和半自動(dòng)焊焊工須得到相關(guān)組織的認(rèn)可

Welders

using

fully

mechanized

welding

or

automatic

welding

processes,

need

generally

not

pass

a

qualification

test,

but

shall

receive

adequate

training

for

setting

and

operation

of

equipment.

自動(dòng)焊的操作人員無(wú)需進(jìn)行專門的考試，但需要通過(guò)專門的培訓(xùn)來(lái)學(xué)

會(huì)設(shè)置和操作設(shè)備01/10/202216VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

Sec.2.

Fabrication

and

tolerances.

第二章

建造與許可公差

Fabrication

Planning

建造方案

As

a

prerequisite

for

fabrication,

procedures,

inspection

and

test

plans

and

work

instructions

for

execution

and

control

of

fabrication

activities

shall

be

established.

工藝方案、檢驗(yàn)和試驗(yàn)方案是執(zhí)行和控制建造的先決條件

Contractors

involved

in

fabrication

of

structural

members

shall

have

a

documented

and

implemented

quality

system

according

to

ISO

9001

or

equivalent.

承包商應(yīng)該具有完善的質(zhì)量體系

Workmanship

shall

be

in

accordance

with

written

procedures

accepted

by

the

purchaser.

必須按照船東認(rèn)可的工藝進(jìn)行施工

All

work

shall

be

executed

with

adequate

control

by

the

contractor.

Repair

work

shall

be

carried

out

in

accordance

with

written

procedures

accepted

by

the

purchaser

.

所有施工過(guò)程必須有嚴(yán)格的控制，修補(bǔ)工作也必須按照認(rèn)可的工藝進(jìn)行01/10/202217VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

Faults

and

deficiencies

shall

be

corrected

before

painting

or

other

means

of

permanent

covers

have

been

applied.

所有錯(cuò)誤和缺陷必須在油漆和其它東西覆蓋前得到修復(fù)

Prior

to

commencement

of

the

work

the

contractor

shall

submit

a

plan

for

NDT,

NDT

procedures

and

documents

for

NDT

inspectors’

certification

for

acceptance

by

the

purchaser.

The

programme

shall

contain

information

and

documents

for

planning,

controlling,

reporting

etc.

Acceptance

criteria

for

NDT

shall

be

accepted

by

the

purchaser

if

they

are

not

specified

in

relevant

documents.

開工前承包商需要提供無(wú)損探傷方案，方案應(yīng)包括整個(gè)過(guò)程控制和驗(yàn)收標(biāo)

準(zhǔn)。整個(gè)方案應(yīng)包括計(jì)劃、控制和匯報(bào)等方面的信息和文件。如果沒(méi)有特

別的要求，承包商需接受

NDT

的驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。01/10/202218VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

Inspection.

檢驗(yàn)To

be

carried

out

in

accordance

with

accepted

inspection

and

testplans

covering:

檢驗(yàn)要按照檢驗(yàn)和試驗(yàn)方案進(jìn)行，應(yīng)包括：

correct

identification

and

documentation

and

use

of

materials

材料跟蹤

qualification

and

acceptance

of

fabrication

procedures

and

personnel

評(píng)定施工人員資質(zhì)和建造方案

inspection

of

preparatory

work

(assembly,

fit-up

form

work,

reinforcement

etc.)

檢驗(yàn)成型、裝配、加強(qiáng)等準(zhǔn)備工作

welding

inspection

焊接的檢驗(yàn)

inspection

of

fabrication

work

for

compliance

with

specifications

and

procedures

確認(rèn)施工人員資質(zhì)以及是否按工藝施工

witnessing

NDT,

control

and

testing

跟蹤無(wú)損探傷和其它試驗(yàn)

inspection

of

repairs

修補(bǔ)工作的檢驗(yàn)

01/10/202219

VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”inspection

of

corrosion

protection

systems

防腐系統(tǒng)的檢驗(yàn)ensure

functionality

of

examination

or

testing

equipment

and

of

recordingand/or

measuring

devices

vital

for

correct

functioning

of

equipment

andmachinery

used

in

fabrication.

確保檢驗(yàn)設(shè)備的可靠性Due

consideration

shall

be

given

to

the

access

and

the

time

required

foradequate

inspection

during

fabrication.

確保留有足夠的檢驗(yàn)時(shí)間和通道High

non-conformance

rates

in

execution

of

the

work

or

in

the

product

itselfshall

call

for

special

considerations.

Such

special

considerations

mayinclude,

but

not

be

limited

to,

increased

inspection,

re-qualification

ofpersonnel

or

other

agreed

remedial

actions.在建造過(guò)程中不按規(guī)定施工人次較多，或產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量問(wèn)題較多的情況下，需要采取增加檢驗(yàn)、對(duì)施工人員重新評(píng)定以及其它彌補(bǔ)措施

NOTE!!

注意?。nspectors

shall

be

qualified

according

to

a

recognized

scheme

and

shallbe

able

to

provide

documentation

of

proficiency.檢驗(yàn)人員需要經(jīng)過(guò)專門培訓(xùn)并得到認(rèn)可

01/10/202220

VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”Material

Identification,

Cutting

and

Forming材料識(shí)別，切割和成型

Material

identification

材料識(shí)別

-

A

traceability

system

that

ensures

correct

installation

and

documentation

of

the

material

grades

or

strength

classes

shall

be

established

by

the

contractor

throughout

the

prefabrication

and

installation

process.

-

建立材料跟蹤系統(tǒng)確保正確使用材料，記錄材料：材質(zhì)、等級(jí)

-

Proper

care

shall

be

exercised

during

handling

and

storage

to

preserve

identification

of

such

material.

-

材料識(shí)別和跟蹤應(yīng)貫穿下料、運(yùn)輸、儲(chǔ)存等全過(guò)程01/10/202221VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

Cutting

and

forming.

-

The

effect

of

work

hardening

shall

be

considered

if

shearing

is

used

for

cutting

of

material.

Special

attention

shall

be

paid

to

the

risk

of

cracked

edges.

材料剪切后邊緣會(huì)產(chǎn)生硬化和裂紋，要特別注意

-

Attention

shall

be

paid

to

excessive

local

hardening

and

carbon

contaminations

by

thermal

cutting.

This

may

be

reduced

by

suitable

heat

treatment

or

removed

by

mechanical

means.

-

通過(guò)熱工切割可能產(chǎn)生的局部硬化和滲碳，可以通過(guò)熱處理和機(jī)械方法消除

-

Forming

and

straightening

of

materials

shall

be

performed

according

to

agreed

procedures.

Such

work

shall

be

controlled

by

the

contractor.

-

成型和校平工藝需要得到認(rèn)可，并得到有效控制

-

The

degree

of

cold

deformation

of

special

and

primary

structural

elements

shall

be

less

than

5%.

If

the

deformation

exceeds

5%,

either

heat

treatment

or

strain

ageing

tests

shall

be

carried

out

according

to

an

agreed

procedure.

-

主體結(jié)構(gòu)和特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的冷變形大于

5

％時(shí)，要通過(guò)認(rèn)可的熱處理方法校正01/10/202222VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”Tolerances

公差A(yù)llowable

fabrication

tolerances

shall

be

submitted

to

the

purchaser

foracceptance.

規(guī)定公差需得到船東認(rèn)可Special

considerations

shall

be

given

in

providing

proper

alignment

of

structuralmembers.

Allowable

fabrication

tolerances

shall

be

established

on

basis

of

dueconsideration

to

the

criticality

of

the

design.

特別要注意結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)中問(wèn)題The

maximum

fabrication

tolerances

may

generally

be

taken

in

compliance

withIACS

Shipbuilding

and

Repair

Quality

Standard

Part

A

Sec.6

and

Sec.7.建造工程可參照國(guó)際船級(jí)社的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

Part

A

Sec.6

and

Sec.7

NOTE!!

注意Straightness

of

members

which

are

based

on

buckling

calculations

accordingto

DNV-RP-C201

and/or

DNV-RPC202

shall

be

within

the

tolerances

given

inTable

E3.

結(jié)構(gòu)的直線度參照

DNV-RP-C201

and/or

DNV-RPC202

的

E3

表格106

Alignments

of

the

non-continuous

plates

in

cruciform

joints

and

butt

weldsshall

be

within

the

tolerances

given

inFig.1,

Table

E1

and

Table

E2.非連續(xù)構(gòu)件的對(duì)中參照以下

E1

（非連續(xù)）

,E2

（連續(xù)對(duì)接）表格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

01/10/202223

VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”表

E1

表示十字接頭，依次分別為：特殊結(jié)構(gòu)、重要結(jié)構(gòu)和次要結(jié)構(gòu)的錯(cuò)位表

E2

表示對(duì)接接頭，依次分別為：特殊結(jié)構(gòu)、重要結(jié)構(gòu)和次要結(jié)構(gòu)的錯(cuò)位01/10/202224VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”01/10/202225VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

Assembly,

Welding,

Heat

treatment

and

Repairs

Assembly

and

Welding.

裝配和電焊Assembly

and

welding

operations

shall

be

carried

out

by

qualifiedpersonnel

and

supervision.

裝配工和電焊工都必須持證A

fabrication

sequence

shall

be

established

to

ensure

that

the

structurecan

be

assembled

in

a

manner

which

allows

for

effective

control

at

allstages

of

work.

為了對(duì)整個(gè)工程進(jìn)行有效控制，必須編制建造次序Fit-up,

preparation

for

welding

and

welding

operations

shall

take

place

inaccordance

with

procedures

accepted

by

the

purchaser.裝配、焊前準(zhǔn)備工作、焊接都必須按認(rèn)可的工藝進(jìn)行The

welding

sequence

shall

be

such

that

the

amount

of

shrinkage,distortions

and

residual

stresses

are

minimized.焊接順序要有利于焊接變形和殘余應(yīng)力的最小化01/10/202226VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”The

fit-up

shall

be

checked

for

dimensional

accuracy

before

welding.

Surfacesto

be

welded

shall

be

free

from

mill

scale,

slag,

rust,

grease,

paint

etc.

Edgesare

to

have

a

smooth

and

uniform

surface.

No

welding

shall

be

performed

whenthe

surfaces

are

damp.

Suitable

protection

shall

be

arranged

when

welding

isperformed

during

inclement

weather

conditions.

The

groove

shall

be

dry

at

thetime

of

welding.焊接前必須檢驗(yàn)裝配的準(zhǔn)確性。焊接區(qū)域必須清除氧化皮、熔渣、鐵銹、油漬、油漆等。板縫必須保證平直。嚴(yán)禁在潮濕的板縫上焊接，焊縫必須保持干燥。天氣惡劣的情況下，焊接前要采取適當(dāng)?shù)姆雷o(hù)措施。Preheating

shall

preferably

be

performed

with

electric

heating

elements.

Gasburners

may

be

used

under

controlled

conditions.

Cutting

torches

should

not

beused.

當(dāng)板縫需要加熱時(shí)，最好使用電加熱。烘槍的使用必須在嚴(yán)格控制下進(jìn)行。嚴(yán)禁使用割刀加熱。For

welds

of

structural

category

special,

primary

and

butt-welds

in

secondarystructural

elements

a

WPS

shall

be

established

for

acceptance

by

thepurchaser.

主體結(jié)構(gòu)、重要結(jié)構(gòu)焊接的焊接工藝以及次要構(gòu)件的對(duì)接縫的焊接工藝必須得到船東的認(rèn)可。01/10/202227VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”Guidance

note:The

weld

connection

between

two

components

shall

be

assigned

the

structuralcategory

area

equal

to

the

higher

category

of

the

joined

components.

For

stiffenedplates

not

classified

as

structural

category

special,

the

weld

connection

betweenstiffener

and

stringer

and

girder

web

to

plate

may

normally

be

assigned

structuralcategory

secondary.

兩個(gè)構(gòu)件焊接時(shí)，按照較高等級(jí)的材料的焊接要求進(jìn)行。非重要構(gòu)件的扶強(qiáng)材的焊接、平臺(tái)扶強(qiáng)材的焊接、桁材扶強(qiáng)材的焊接、扶強(qiáng)材之間的焊接都可以按照次要構(gòu)件的焊接要求進(jìn)行。Tack

welding

shall,

when

integrated

in

production

welding,

be

qualified.

For

weldsspecified

in

112

a

WPS

shall

be

submitted

to

the

purchaser

for

acceptance.定位焊作為結(jié)構(gòu)焊的一部分時(shí)，點(diǎn)焊工或焊工必須持證。對(duì)于

112

項(xiàng)規(guī)定的焊接，焊接工藝需要得到船東的認(rèn)可。All

fabrication

welding

shall

be

performed

within

the

limits

of

essential

variables

of

thequalified

welding

procedure.

This

also

includes

tack

welding,

seal

welding,

welding

oflifting

lugs

and

attachment

welds

as

well

as

repair

welding.所有的焊接都不能超過(guò)認(rèn)可的焊接工藝范圍。這包括：定位焊、蓋面、吊耳和其它附件的焊接以及電焊修補(bǔ)工作。01/10/202228VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”When

resuming

welding

on

partially

filled

joints

in

special

areas,

preheating

shallbe

performed

and

the

temperature

within

the

specified

tolerances,

shall

if

nototherwise

agreed,

be

equal

to

the

interpass

temperature

for

the

welding

pass

inquestion.在多道焊焊縫未一次性焊完的情況下，繼續(xù)施焊前需要按要求對(duì)焊縫進(jìn)行加熱。加熱溫度要符合規(guī)定要求或等同于同類焊縫的層間溫度。Grooves

produced

by

gouging

shall

be

followed

by

grinding

removing

carbonizedmaterial

and

the

groove

shall

be

dressed

to

a

shape

consistent

with

tolerances

inagreement

with

the

purchaser.碳刨坡口要用打磨的方法去除滲碳層，坡口成型的公差范圍也要得到船東的認(rèn)可。Welding

consumables

shall

be

classified

with

respect

to

strength

,

applicationarea

and

hydrogen

level

according

to

recognized

scheme.焊材的使用要按照規(guī)范，符合強(qiáng)度、焊接位置的要求，氫含量也要符合相應(yīng)的要求。01/10/202229VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”Recycling

of

fluxes

for

submerged-arc

welding

shall

be

performed

in

a

manner

that

ensuresa

mixture

of

new

and

used

flux

with

continually

homogenous

properties.焊劑的回收利用以及新老焊接的混合使用要保證焊劑的純度。Welds

shall

be

terminated

in

a

manner

that

will

ensure

sound

welds

without

end-craters.Extension

bars

and

run-off

plates

shall

be

removed

upon

completion

and

cooling

of

theweld.

The

end

of

the

weld

shall

be

made

smooth

and

flush

with

the

edges

of

abutting

parts.起弧和息弧分別要使用，確保兩端沒(méi)有弧坑，引弧板和息弧板在焊縫冷卻后去除。端頭電焊要光順，與板邊保持平直。121

Grinding

of

welds

with

the

intention

of

increasing

the

fatigue

life

and/or

reducing

theprobability

of

brittle

fracture

shall

be

carried

out

according

to

agreed

specifications.用打磨的方法來(lái)提高焊縫的疲勞壽命或者消除裂紋要符合規(guī)范。01/10/202230VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”Storage

and

handling

of

welding

consumables

shall

be

in

accordance

with

themanufacturer's

recommendations,

and

in

accordance

with

procedures

giving

detailsregarding

conditions

in

storage

rooms,

temperature

in

storage

ovens

and

quivers,length

of

exposure

and

conditions,

as

applicable.焊材的使用和保存都要得到船東認(rèn)可，包括：儲(chǔ)存室的條件、烘箱、焊條筒的溫度等。Welding

production

tests

shall

be

made

during

fabrication

of

welds

in

special

areasand

in

primary

structural

elements

to

verify

that

the

produced

welds

are

of

acceptablequality.

Minimum

one

test

coupon

is

required

from

each

applied

welding

process.主體結(jié)構(gòu)和重要結(jié)構(gòu)的焊接要通過(guò)同等環(huán)境下的試驗(yàn)來(lái)驗(yàn)證其可靠性，每種結(jié)構(gòu)至少做一個(gè)試驗(yàn)。Important

welding

operations

shall

be

carried

out

under

daily

supervision

of

aninspector,

who

has

the

experience

and

qualifications,

which

enable

him

to

judge

thistype

of

work.

The

work

of

each

welder

shall

be

regularly

examined.重要結(jié)構(gòu)焊接要有合格的人員監(jiān)控。所有焊工都要接受定期檢查。The

welding

shop

and

contractors

shall

keep

a

card

index

or

register

of

all

approvedwelders,

with

all

relevant

information

regarding

qualification

tests,

base

metal

,consumables,

weld

positions,

joint

design

etc.

每個(gè)車間和分包商都要建立焊工目錄，目錄要包含：焊工通過(guò)的試驗(yàn)以及相應(yīng)的焊材、焊接方位、接頭形式等信息。

01/10/202231

VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

Repairs.

修補(bǔ)Repairs

shall

be

carried

out

in

accordance

with

qualified

repair

procedures

subject

toagreement.

修補(bǔ)必須按認(rèn)可的工藝進(jìn)行。Guidance

to

repair

work

may

be

found

in

IACS

Shipbuilding

and

repair

Quality

Standard,

Part

ASec.9

and

Part

B.修補(bǔ)工作可以參考

IACS

的

Part

A

Sec.9

and

Part

BMembers

distorted

by

welding

may

be

straightened

by

mechanical

means

or

by

carefullysupervised

application

of

a

limited

amount

of

localized

heat.

The

application

of

heat

ormechanical

force

shall

be

in

accordance

with

a

written

procedure.

焊接變形的機(jī)械校正或局部火工校正必須在嚴(yán)格的監(jiān)控下按工藝進(jìn)行。Defects

in

welds

may

be

rectified

by

grinding,

machining

or

welding.

Welds

of

insufficientstrength,

ductility

or

notch

toughness

shall

be

completely

removed

prior

to

repair.焊接缺陷可以通過(guò)打磨、機(jī)械加工或者電焊進(jìn)行修補(bǔ)。當(dāng)焊縫沒(méi)有足夠的強(qiáng)度、延伸性或缺口韌性時(shí)，整個(gè)焊縫需要清除，進(jìn)行重新焊接。The

mechanical

properties

of

repair

weld

shall

satisfy

the

minimum

specified

properties

of

thesteel

in

question.電焊的修補(bǔ)要確保結(jié)構(gòu)的機(jī)械性能。01/10/202232VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”Repair

welding

in

the

same

area

may

be

carried

out

twice.

Further

repairs

shall

beevaluated

in

each

individual

case.

同一處電焊修補(bǔ)只能修補(bǔ)或返工兩次，之后每一次修補(bǔ)前都必須進(jìn)行評(píng)估確認(rèn)。Whenever

a

defect

is

removed,

the

gouged

and

ground

area

shall

be

examined

bymagnetic

particle

testing

or

other

suitable

methods

to

verify

complete

removal用碳刨或打磨清除缺陷后，要用磁粉探傷來(lái)確認(rèn)缺陷已完全清除。The

preheating

and

working

temperature

shall

when

making

shallow

and

localrepairs

in

special

and

primary

structural

elements

be

raised

50oC

above

the

levelspecified

for

production

welding

and

be

at

least

100oC

unless

otherwise

agreed.主要構(gòu)件和重要構(gòu)件在修補(bǔ)前需要預(yù)熱，預(yù)熱溫度要高于規(guī)定焊前溫度

50

度，至少要達(dá)到

100

度。For

planar

defects

the

repair

length

on

either

side

of

the

defect

shall

be

50

mmlonger

than

the

size

of

the

defect

as

confirmed

by

NDT對(duì)無(wú)損探傷發(fā)現(xiàn)的缺陷進(jìn)行修補(bǔ)時(shí)，返工的長(zhǎng)度要確保兩頭都要超過(guò)缺陷長(zhǎng)度

50MM

。To

ensure

sound

repair

welds,

the

single

repair

length

shall

not

be

shorter

than

50mm.

任何地方的焊縫修補(bǔ)長(zhǎng)度都必須大于

50MM

。01/10/202233VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”Minor

discontinuities

may

be

removed

by

grinding

or

machining,

making

asmooth

transition

into

the

surrounding

material.

The

thickness

shall

not

bereduced

to

less

than

93%

of

the

nominal

thickness

but

in

no

case

by

morethan

3

mm.

The

extent

of

such

repair

shall

be

agreed

upon.部分小的缺陷可以通過(guò)打磨和機(jī)械加工來(lái)清除，清除區(qū)域要保持過(guò)渡光順。打磨和機(jī)械加工后板厚不得低于原板厚的

93%

，減小的厚度不得大于

3MM

。超過(guò)這個(gè)范圍必須得到船東、船檢的認(rèn)可。All

repairs

shall

be

re-inspected

with

the

same

NDT

methods

to

the

sameor

increased

extent

as

necessary.缺陷修補(bǔ)后需要用相同的無(wú)損探傷方法進(jìn)行重新檢驗(yàn)。再次探傷的范圍要大于前次探傷的范圍。01/10/202234VersionDNV-OS-C401”Fabrication

and

Testing

of

OffshoreStructures”

Non-Destructive

Testing.

無(wú)損探傷

GeneralPrior

to

commencement

of

fabrication

the

contractor

shall

submit

a

plan

forNDT,

NDT

procedures

and

documents

for

NDT

inspectors’

certification

foracceptance

by

the

purchaser.

The

program

shall

contain

information

anddocuments

for

planning,

controlling

and

reporting.開工前，廠方需要提交無(wú)損探傷的范圍和方法，人員資質(zhì)要得到船東認(rèn)可。The

inspection

categories

shall

be

defined

in

accordance

with

DNV-OS-C101Sec.4

or

DNV-OS-C201

Sec

4

and

shall

be

specified

in

relevant

designdrawings.檢驗(yàn)范圍要符合

DNV-OS-C101

Sec.4

或

DNV-OS-C201

Sec

4

的規(guī)定。Welds

shall

be

subject

to

NDT

in

progress

with

fabrication.

The

results

of

theseactivities

shall

be

consecutively

reported

to